1. It is possible for researchers to find null effects because the independent variable really does not cause a significant difference. Option a is correct.
2. Measurement error causes null effects because it leads to high within-groups variability. True.
3. Studies with null effects should be replicated and included in meta-analyses. Option a is correct.
4. Null effects only happen in posttest-only designs. The correct answer is false.
5. Researchers should not report null effects because they are not informative. Option b is correct.
What is the null effect?The null effect occurs in a research experiment when it is determined that the independent variable makes no significant difference from the dependent variable.
The null effect is an experimental outcome that does not show an otherwise expected effect. This does not imply a result of zero or nothing, it is a result that does not support the hypothesis.
In other words, the null effect happens if the independent variable really does not cause a significant difference.
Also, measurement error causes null effects since it leads to high within-groups variability.
Some design flaws that can lead to null effects include:
a weak manipulation, that is when the change in the independent variable is not strong enough to affect the dependent variable. an insensitive measurement which happens when the dependent variable is not responsive enough to detect a change from the independent variable.Learn more about null hypotheses at brainly.com/question/10696530
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What do sociologists call two or more people who identify and interact with one another?.
Answer:
In the social sciences, a social group can be defined as two or more people who interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and collectively have a sense of unity.
according to the projected data, after what year will the majority of people in less developed regions be living in urban areas?
In 2050, urban populations in less developed regions are projected to reach 5 billion.
According to the United Nations' State of the World Population 2007 report, by the end of the following year, more than half of the world's population would reside in cities and towns. The halfway point will be reached later, although most certainly before 2020, in less developed areas. By 2030, it is anticipated that 60% of the world's population will live in cities (see figure). Between 2007 and 2030, the urban proportion is projected to increase from 75% to 81.0% in more developed nations, and from 44% to 56% in less developed nations. By 2030, there will be 4.9 billion urban residents worldwide, up from the current 3.3 billion.
Most of the increase in the urban population is anticipated to come from growth in smaller cities and towns. According to the UN Population Fund, which published the research, urbanized regions in Africa and Asia are expected to have the fastest population growth, tripling between 2000 and 2030.
In contrast, it is anticipated that between 2005 and 2030, the number of rural people would fall by 28 million as a result of death among older rural residents and a large emigration of younger citizens to urban regions.
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five months after her husband's death, corina was still not herself. she often forgot to feed the dog, was late for work on a regular basis, and had not yet taken his clothes out of the closet. which of the following diagnoses could apply to corina, according to the dsm-5? adjustment disorder with depressed mood persistent depressive disorder postpartum depression major depressive disorder
Five months after her husband's death, Corina was still not herself. she often forgot to feed the dog, was late for work on a regular basis, and had not yet taken his clothes out of the closet. Major Depressive Disorder could apply to Corina, according to the dsm-5.
Depression is linked to severe disruptions in regular eating and sleeping routines, as well as a persistent desire to stay in bed. Along with irritation, brooding, and compulsive ruminating, depressed people also experience anxiety, phobias, excessive worry about their physical condition, and discomfort. While you could feel regret or remorse for anything you said or did while you're sad, unlike when you're depressed, you won't have a persistent sense of shame or unworthiness. This type of self-deprecating, negative thinking patterns is one of the diagnostic indicators of depression.
People who are depressed have constant emotions of despair and hopelessness and stop being interested in the things they used to like. Aside from the emotional issues brought on by depression, sufferers may also experience physical symptoms like chronic pain or digestive problems.
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Suggest to oecs member governments three strategies they can use to come with globalization
Answer:
A new member that wishes to upgrade its economy must find ways for deepening its involvement in the globalization process. It can successfully do it by finding its specific niche, by investing in infrastructures, by promoting its export‐oriented industries and by encouraging the creativity, innovative and entrepreneurship drives of its people.
pennsylvania is noted for group of answer choices starting the first modern police department in america. all of the answers are correct. starting the first modern state police force. starting the first crime lab.
Pennsylvania is known for establishing the first modern state police force. Pennsylvania was one of the 13 colonies that renounced control from the English royal family and later formed the United States of America.
What is Pennsylvania called?Pennsylvania was nicknamed the "Keystone State" because of its vital role in the founding of the United States. The term "keystone" comes from architecture and refers to the wedge-shaped stone in the center of the arch that holds all the other stones in place.
What makes Pennsylvania so great?Pennsylvania offers all the essential requirements for quality living. As you know, Pennsylvania is known as the Keystone State because of its central location. This has also given the state miles of stunning scenery, including mountain trails, vast lakes, and stunning forests. Major industries in the state include broadcasting and telecommunications, administrative and support services, medical services, and construction.To learn more about pennsylvania visit:
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a survey has a demographic question about marital status. the person has the option to check single, married, divorced, separated, or widowed. what level of measurement is this question?
The person can select one of the following Nominal options: single, engaged, divorced, separated, or widowed.
What does the term "socio demography" mean?Socio-demographic What are they Socio-demographics are merely a population's characteristics. Typically, traits like age, gender, race, degree of education, income, customer type, years of experience, geography, etc.
Why is demographic information crucial?Data from sources like the US Survey and the Labor statistics not only provide communities with the information those who need to plan capital growth and services, and also ultimately decide who receives Federal aid, at which aid programs are targeted, and which businesses may relocate to ones community, and also how your...
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who is responsible for the execution of the emergency action plan if a student is injured during a contest?
The teacher/coach is responsible for the execution of the emergency action plan if a student is injured during a contest.
Why do people get executed?Every day, people are executed and sentenced to death by the state as punishment for a variety of crimes – sometimes for acts that should not be criminalized. In some countries, it can be for drug-related offences, in others it is reserved for terrorism-related acts and murder.
Who can stop an execution?In federal death penalty cases the trial court, appeals courts, the United States Supreme Court and President may grant a stay of execution. In all cases, the stay may be issued at any time, even when the condemned is being prepared for execution.
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the directing of attention to specific aspects of our performance or performance environment is known as group of answer choices
The directing of attention to specific aspects of our performance or performance environment is known as attentional Focus.
Surroundings may be described as a sum total of all of the residing and non-residing factors and their outcomes that have an impact on human existence. while all residing or biotic elements are animals, flora, forests, fisheries, and birds, non-residing or abiotic elements consist of water, land, sunlight, rocks, and air.
The term environment has been derived from the French word “Environia” method to surround. It refers to both Abiotic (bodily or non-dwelling) and Biotic (residing) surroundings. The phrase environment method of surroundings, wherein organisms stay. surroundings and the organisms are organised and complex issue of nature
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a teacher comes into her classroom and announces to her students that she will be giving blue-eyed children five extra points and brown-eyed children no extra points. the teacher is demonstrating:
A teacher walks into her classroom and tells her students that she will be awarding children with blue eyes five extra points while withholding those with brown eyes. The instructor is showing prejudice.
One example is having prejudice against those who were not born in the country. People who have this bias disapprove of foreigners simply because they are foreigners, even if they don't know all foreigners personally.
Predisposition to discriminate against members of the group, as well as unfavorable opinions and stereotypes about them, are frequent manifestations of prejudice. Prejudices against people based on their ethnicity, culture, religion, and other characteristics are a common occurrence in society.
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Which of the following pairs of leader behaviors is not part of the behavioral approach to leadership?
a. concern for production vs. concern for people
b. All of these are part of the behavioral approach to leadership.
c. job-centered vs. employee-centered
d. consideration vs. initiating structure
e. boss centered vs. subordinate centered
e. boss centered vs. subordinate centered, this pairs of leader behaviors is not part of the behavioral approach to leadership.
The behavioral leadership theory focuses on how leaders act and assumes that these characteristics can be imitated by other leaders. It is sometimes referred to as the style theory, and it proposes that leaders are not born successful, but can be developed through learnable behavior.Leaders use their behavior to guide, direct, and influence their team's work. There are many innate characteristics that enhance leadership behavior; however, leaders can work to develop strategies and actions to improve their behavior and be more effective.The behavioral approach to leadership evolved from the 1950s behaviorism movement. Many behavioral scientists attempted to identify various leadership behavioral patterns. They accomplished this by investigating the activities of various leaders.To know more about behavioral approach to leadership refer:
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You have 20 hours next week to help with the hiring event. Rank the activities so you can let nadia know which ones you may not be able to complete.
The rank when considering impact, priority, and time is: Schedule interviews, Respond to candidate emails, Order catering and lastly Attend event planning meetings.
What is Scheduling?This refers to the process of giving tasks to a person or process to complete in a given order.
Hence, we can see that based on the event planning, there is a need for proper scheduling and this can be done by prioritizing the tasks and when done, the aforementioned order is correct.
What do you mean by event planning?The management of a project, such as a conference, convention, exposition, ceremony, team-building exercise, party, or convention, is known as event planning.
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jeff experiences a lot of aggressive feelings toward his overprotective stepfather. because he is powerless to openly his anger against his stepfather, jeff becomes very aggressive in class toward his teacher and peers at school. according to freud, this is an example of group of answer choices
Jeff develops become an extremely aggressive forward on his basketball team since he is unable to publicly assert himself against his stepfather. The current circumstance is an illustration of sublimation.
Describe sublimation.
Sublimation is a psychological defensive technique that entails directing undesirable or unacceptable desires toward a permissible or beneficial outlet. Defense mechanisms were first proposed by Sigmund Freud and his daughter Anna Freud. Defense mechanisms like sublimation have persisted despite the fact that many Freudian theories have been proven false over time.
Sublimation is regarded as a mature defense mechanism from immature to mature because it enables individuals to exchange the harmful for the beneficial and perform well in society.
Your question seems incomplete. The complete question is -
Jeff experiences a lot of aggressive feelings toward his overprotective stepfather. Because he is powerless to aggress openly against his stepfather, Jeff becomes a very aggressive forward on his basketball team. This is an example of
A. castration anxiety. B. sublimation. C. repression. D. displacement.
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edith, the adolescent daughter of the local police chief, has recently been hanging out with a rowdy group of youth who have vandalized a number of public buildings. edith has most likely adopted a
Edith, the adolescent daughter of the local police chief, has recently been hanging out with a rowdy group of youth who have vandalized a number of public buildings. Edith has most likely adopted a negative identity.
What is police?The police refer to the body of individuals empowered by the state to enforce laws, ensure the safety, health and property of citizens, and prevent crime and civil unrest.Their legitimate powers include arrest and use of force authorized by the state through a monopoly on the use of force. The term is most commonly associated with the police of a sovereign state empowered to exercise that state's police force within defined legal or territorial responsibilities. Law enforcement is just one part of policing. Police work includes a variety of activities in different situations, but the main activity involves maintaining order. In some societies, it developed in the late 18th and early 19th century in the context of maintaining class systems and protecting public and private property. Police have become ubiquitous in modern society. Still, their roles can be controversial, as they can be involved to varying degrees in corruption, brutality, and the enforcement of authoritarian rule.To learn more about police from the given link :
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people suffering from cyclothymia may (choose all which apply) group of answer choices a. experience many decades of feeling relatively normal b. go several days without seeking treatment c. experience years of feeling dysthymic d. go several years without seeking treatment.
The intensity makes a difference: People with cyclothymia have low-grade depression and mild hypomanic symptoms, whereas people with bipolar disorder have clinically confirmed mania and typically significant depression.
What is Cyclothymia ?A mood illness marked by emotional peaks and valleys.
Compared to persons with bipolar disorders, cyclothymia patients don't experience as severe mood swings. Although it may be challenging, people with cyclothymia may usually function in daily life.
Intermittent psychological highs and lows are among the symptoms, which may get worse over time.
Therapy and counseling are frequently used in treatment. Medication use is only seldom necessary.
The following are possible signs and symptoms of cyclothymia highs: An excessive sense of happiness or well-being (euphoria)
excessive optimismelevated sense of selfmore talking than normal.a lack of judgment that may lead to unsafe activity or poor decisions.hurried thoughtsAgitated or irritable behavior.To know more about Cyclothymia please click here ; https://brainly.com/question/29517612
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you have been cleared for the straight-in localizer approach for runway 13l at dal. prior to reaching the final approach fix, atc advises you the rvr is not available and that the visibility is 1/2 sm. you may a. request the ils approach and disregard the rvr value. b. convert the rvr to statute miles and use the next higher minimums. c. convert the rvr to statute miles and continue the approach.
You may convert the RVR to statute miles and continue the approach.
The existing Comparable Values of RVR and Visibility Table reflects RVR and statute mile. So, the regulations here states that when converting RVR values, you never interpolate, you just use the next greatest number. Thus, for converting RVR values which fall between listed values, use the next higher RVR value
Runway Visual Range (RVR) is said to be reported whenever the prevailing visibility is one statute mile or less or the RVR for the designated instrument runway is 6000 feet or less. However, sometimes you will need to translate the visibility into RVR or vice versa.
Hence, option C is correct.
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what are the benefits of abiding by the social rules to a man and Society? Write 4 points.
To make sense of and comprehend each other's actions, provide order and predictability in social relationships, and guide and direct human behavior, norms are necessary.
Social norms have reduced or stopped crime in some locations.Social awareness can also be raised by following social rules.The Aadhar card allows us to identify individuals who do not reside in territories.Social rules can also be helpful to us in a number of ways. For example, following traffic rules can cut down on traffic. Social rules are the behaviors that are accepted in a group or society.
As a result of following social rules, we can make friends and avoid arguments.Additionally, according to social norms, a person must prioritize their social interests over their own.To make sense of and comprehend each other's actions, provide order and predictability in social relationships, and guide and direct human behavior, norms are necessary.
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Select two ways the Bill of Rights provides protection for individuals accused of a crime.
What is the legacy of the destruction of Tulsa Black Wall Street today?
The legacy of the destruction of Tulsa Black Wall Street today is the decline in home ownership.
What was the effect of the Tulsa Black Wall Street today?The effect of the Tulsa Black Wall Street today can be seen in how people lost their home ownership as well as the way people experience a drop in average occupational status.
It should be noted that this event was a massacre which left so many people to be homeless and some lost their source of living and they could not recover on time and up till today some people were able to loss their generational wealth.
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Your friend, hideaki, will be attending his first work meeting tomorrow. He’s fairly nervous because he wants to become a valued member of his work team. How would you advise hideaki?.
In order to become a valued member of team work, I would advise him following things to stick on to;
enhance his skills and awareness.
Build relationships.
Fulfill his promises.
Keep his project manager reporting about his progress
He should be flexible and adaptive to change.
Teamwork exists when people work in a united way toward a general goal. That aim could be professional or personal. The concept is to give an opportunity for members to interact about whatever aspects of work or daily life they select, such as politics. It is a collective effort or function of a group to achieve a common goal or to complete a task in the most effective and well organised way.
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which of the following involves electronically storing project information within an organization for future project reference? filing outsourcing documenting warehousing
Document Process Outsourcing (DPO) is a strategy that shifts non-core (document-centric) business tasks to a third-party service provider (KM in this case) without requiring domain expertise.
What is the job of the document warehouse?
Numerous large and small businesses benefit from The Document Warehouse's high-quality solutions for document management and storage. We will tailor a document management solution to meet your requirements, and our services are dependable and efficient.
Why are they required to contract out their document management needs?
By ensuring that your company complies with government regulations, outsourcing your document management to professionals reduces risk. It's hard to keep up with new privacy laws that affect personal information and identity theft because they vary from place to place.
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the participation of lay persons in the adjudicatory process occurs in north america and europe, but not in asia. true false
It is true that the participation of lay persons in the adjudicatory process occurs in north america and europe, but not in asia.
The courts withinside the People's Republic of China are basically businesses of the critical authorities and do now no longer have judicial independence in a way just like courts in Western countries.
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To demonstrate a functional relationship, there needs to be ______ demonstrations of an effect.
To demonstrate a functional relationship, there needs to be three demonstrations of an effect.
A quasi-causative relationship between the dependent and independent variables is referred to as a functional relationship.
If the dependent variable consistently shifts in the intended direction as a result of the introduction and manipulation of the independent variable, then this relationship is said to exist.
As an illustration: "When the other variables are under control and the X is changed by manipulating it by 5 points, variable B changes by 5 points.
A 3 point drop in variable B happens if X increases by 3 points. This assertion suggests a potential functional connection.
According to published recommendations for the analysis of SCR, there should be three fundamental effects—changes in the dependent variable's level, trend, or variability—from one phase to the next before a functional relationship may be established.
The second and third intervention phases (B) shouldn't start until at least three sessions after the intervention in the preceding tier had been started because, generally, at least three data points in the intervention (B) condition are necessary to demonstrate a functional relationship.
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Three demonstrations of an effect must be presented to demonstrate a functional relationship.
A relation is simply a set of ordered pairs. Not every relationship is a functional relationship.
A function exists when each x value (input, Independent variable) is paired with exactly one y value. This sort of pairing can be considered a functional relationship.
Input (x) Output (y)
2 1
3 0
4 -1
5 -2
6 -3
If you wanted to describe the relationship between the numbers in the left-hand column and the numbers in the right-hand column, you might say that for every 1-unit increase in x, there is a 1-unit decrease in y. Or if you didn't have the exact numbers, and all you had was a graph, you could also say, as the inputs get bigger, the outputs get smaller.
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how was your day today? how was school?
Answer:
My day's going well, I'm not going to school today or tomorrow.
Explanation:
How's your day been?
good just kinda alotta as work also,
90% of people marry there 7th grade love. since u have read this, u will be told good news tonight. if u don't pass this on nine comments your worst week starts now this isn't fake. apparently if u copy and paste this on ten comments in the next ten minutes you will have the best day of your life tomorrow. you will either get kissed or asked out in the next 53 minutes someone will say i love you
do you have hope that we humans will be able to change our ways and perhaps even be able to repair some past environmental destruction?
Yes we have hope that we humans will be able to change our ways to repair some past environmental destruction as humans have qualified the physical environment by clearing land for agriculture or damming aqueducts to store and divert water.
While we can not stop global warming overnight, we can decelerate the rate and hold down the quantity of global warming by downgrading human emissions of heat- entangling gases and soot( “ black carbon ”)
How do humans control and react to change in their environment?Humans may react to environmental stress in four different ways adaption, experimental adaptation, adjustment, and cultural responses. An adaption is a genetically predicted particularity that has developed because it helps living things survive and reproduce in a used environment.
Why is it significant for us to protect our environment?
Healthy ecosystems clean our water, purify our air, maintain our soil, regulate the climate, reclaim nutrients and give us with food. They give raw stuff and resources for medicinals and other intentions. They're at the institution of all culture and nourish our economies.
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How many alleles can one person inherit for a gene that has 100 possible alleles.
Two Alleles can one person inherit for a gene that has 100 possible alleles.
At a specific genomic location, an allele is one of two or more variations of the DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases). For each genomic region with such variation, an individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent. The person is homozygous for the allele if the two alleles are the same.
Genes are pieces of DNA that code for proteins that affect physiology and contribute to specific traits or functions. Alleles are various gene versions that differ depending on the nucleotide base found at a specific genome location. The genotype of a person is the set of alleles that make them up.
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when the gradient of a stream steepens or the channel is constricted by bedrock or obstacles, the flow of water becomes forming .
As one travels along a stream in the direction of the downstream: As previously mentioned, the addition of water from tributary streams and groundwater to the stream causes discharge to rise.
The stream's width, depth, and average velocity increase with discharge. The angle of the stream, notwithstanding, will diminish.
What usually happens to a river's gradient from its source to its mouth?
The headwaters of a stream, where it begins, typically have higher gradients than the stream's mouth, where it empties into another body of water (like the ocean).
Which of the subsidiary channels connects to the primary river channel?
When two or more bodies of water meet, the term "confluence" typically refers to the joining of tributaries. A distributary is a river or stream that flows away from the main stream and is the opposite of a tributary.
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james lost his job and was unable to pay his rent. his frustration built to the point that he initiated a physical fight with a friend. james is displaying
James couldn't pay his rent because he lost his job. He became so enraged that he started a physical fight with a friend. James is acting most aggressively.
Which statement about reactive aggression is correct?
the deliberate application of physical force or power to oneself, another individual, or group. Reactive aggression is characterized Most of the time, it's an emotional reaction to bad life experiences.
What kind of abuse most frequently affects elderly people?
Financial abuse is thought to be the most prevalent form of elder abuse. Abuse can include neglect. Neglect is when an elderly person does nothing, such as not provide them with food, shelter, medication, or care.
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The _____ essentially consists of all individuals who have been elected to office in the various local, state, and federal areas of government.
The political party essentially consists of all individuals who have been elected to office in the various state, local, and federal areas of government.
A political party tend to usually include a party leader, who has this primary responsibility for the activities of the party. So, the party executives, who tend to select the leader and also who perform the administrative and organizational tasks.
However, a party system is also considered to be a concept in the comparative political science which is thus concerning the system of government by political parties in a democratic country.
Thus, this consists of all individuals who have been elected to office in the various state, local, and federal areas of government.
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The electoral college system creates a population inequity in presidential elections because.
The electoral college system creates a population inequity in presidential elections because under the Constitution large states are entitled to fewer electors per resident than smaller states.
The United States Electoral College is a body of presidential electors that must convene every four years in accordance with the Constitution for the sole purpose of selecting the nation's president and vice president. Members of Congress, including senators and representatives, are not permitted to vote.
There is constant discussion about whether the Electoral College system is acceptable. Supporters contend that in order to win, presidential candidates must be popular nationwide, while detractors contend that when taken out of the context of the states, it does not accurately reflect the popular will of the country.
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Which ruler passed the act of supremacy making anglicanism the official religion of england and the monarch the head of the church of england?.
The Act of Supremacy, which was approved by Parliament in 1534 and severed ecclesiastical ties with Rome, established Henry VIII as the Church of England's ultimate leader on earth.
Ruler passed the act of supremacy making anglicanism the official religion of England and the monarch the head of the church of england
Henry VIII was acknowledged as the "Supreme Head of the Church of England" by the Act of Supremacy, an English law passed by the English Parliament in 1534. Additionally, the legislation called for any English subjects who acknowledged his marriage to Anne Boleyn to swear allegiance. It was revoked in 1555 under Mary I, but during Elizabeth I's rule, Parliament approved a new Act of Supremacy in 1559.
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