False. This statement is not entirely accurate. A high internal rate of return (IRR) indicates that the investment is expected to be profitable and may be an indication that the investment is acceptable, but it's not the only factor that needs to be considered. Other factors such as the initial investment amount, the length of the investment period, the risk involved, and the company's overall goals and objectives should also be taken into account.
Similarly, a low IRR does not necessarily mean that an investment is unacceptable. It could indicate that the investment will not generate significant profits or may even result in a loss. However, if the investment aligns with the company's strategic objectives, has a low level of risk and provides other benefits such as diversification or tax advantages, it may still be considered an acceptable investment.
Therefore, while the IRR is an important metric for evaluating the potential profitability of an investment, it should be used in conjunction with other financial and non-financial measures to determine whether the investment is acceptable or not.
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Find a time series on the internet that describes an economic issue. Examine the time series and
describe in details what approach would you use if you need to predict the future values of the
time series, You do not need to make any calculation, but consider the most relevant economic,
non-economic, statistical and mathematical methods and realistic circumstances that should be
involved in your analysis approach. Please make a sub-chapter that includes the advantages and
disadvantages of your approach
A comprehensive approach to predicting future values of a time series involves combining economic analysis, statistical modeling, and mathematical techniques based on data and underlying economic factors.
To predict the future values of a time series, several approaches can be considered. Economic analysis plays a crucial role in understanding the underlying factors influencing the time series. This involves identifying relevant economic variables, examining their historical relationships, and incorporating economic theories or models into the analysis. Statistical methods such as time series modeling, regression analysis, and forecasting techniques can be employed to capture patterns, trends, and seasonality in the data. Mathematical techniques like exponential smoothing or autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models can be used to make future predictions based on past observations.
Realistic circumstances, such as changes in economic policies or external factors, should be taken into account to ensure the accuracy of the predictions. However, it is important to acknowledge the limitations and potential pitfalls of each approach, such as the assumption of stationary data, model selection biases, or the sensitivity to outliers, which should be considered when evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the chosen approach.
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Find maximum of the following function u(x, y) = −(x−1)² + y analytically using the recipe studied in class. max u(x, y) {x,y) s.t. 20 y20 x+y ≤ 5
To find the maximum of the function u(x, y) = -(x-1)² + y subject to the constraint 20y ≤ x+y ≤ 5, we can use the method of Lagrange multipliers. This method allows us to find the extrema of a function subject to equality constraints.
Define the Lagrangian function:
L(x, y, λ) = -(x-1)² + y + λ(5 - (x+y)) + μ(20y - (x+y))
Here, λ and μ are the Lagrange multipliers associated with the constraints.
Take the partial derivatives of L with respect to x, y, and λ, and set them equal to zero:
∂L/∂x = -2(x-1) - λ - μ = 0
∂L/∂y = 1 - λ - μ + 20μ = 0
∂L/∂λ = 5 - (x+y) = 0
Solve the system of equations:
From the first equation: -2x + 2 - λ - μ = 0 --> (1)
From the second equation: 1 - λ - μ + 20μ = 0 --> (2)
From the third equation: x + y = 5 --> (3)
Solving equations (1) and (2) simultaneously, we get:
-2x + 2 - λ - μ = 1 - λ - μ + 20μ
-2x + 2 = 1 + 20μ
-2x = -1 + 20μ
x = (1 - 20μ)/2
Substituting x into equation (3), we get:
(1 - 20μ)/2 + y = 5
y = 5 - (1 - 20μ)/2
y = (9 + 20μ)/2
Substitute x and y into the objective function u(x, y) = -(x-1)² + y:
u(x, y) = -((1 - 20μ)/2 - 1)² + (9 + 20μ)/2
Simplifying:
u(x, y) = -(1 - 20μ)²/4 + (9 + 20μ)/2
u(x, y) = -1/4 + 10μ - 100μ²/4 + 9/2 + 10μ
u(x, y) = -25μ²/4 + 50μ + 15/4
Take the derivative of u(x, y) with respect to μ and set it equal to zero:
∂u/∂μ = -25μ/2 + 50 = 0
-25μ/2 = -50
μ = 2
Substitute μ = 2 into the equations for x and y:
x = (1 - 20μ)/2 = (1 - 20(2))/2 = -19
y = (9 + 20μ)/2 = (9 + 20(2))/2 = 19
Evaluate u(x, y) at x = -19 and y = 19:
u(x, y) = -25μ²/4 + 50μ + 15/4
u(-19, 19) = -25(2)²/4 + 50(2) + 15/4
u(-19, 19) = -100/4 + 100 + 15/4
u(-19, 19) = 65/4 = 16
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Deloitte was appointed as 1Malaysia Development Bhd (1MDB)'s auditor in December 2013 as a replacement for KPMG Malaysia, which was sacked after it wanted to issue a qualified audit report for 1MDB's 2013 financial statements. This was in relation to a difference of opinion on the fair value of 1MDB's investment in Bridge Global SPC. On taking over, Deloitte verified the accounts for the financial years 2013 and 2014 and issued an unqualified opinion. Subsequently to this, the US Department of Justice has alleged that over US$4.5 billion was stolen from 1MDB by top officials of the fund and their associates between 2009 and 2014. 1MDB was the subject of money laundering investigations in at least six countries, including the United States and Malaysia. The Securities Commission reviewed the work carried out by auditors KPMG and Deloitte to understand whether they were were aiding and abetting in this scandal, or merely negligent. On 3 March 2021, Deloitte has agreed to a RM324 million (US$80 million) settlement to resolve all claims related to their fiduciary duty on auditing the accounts of 1MDB and SRC International Sdn Bhd from 2011 to 2014. Based on the abovementioned scenario, answer the following questions: Required: (1) In the context of 1MDB, discuss the audit areas that are significantly impacted fiduciary duty of external auditors. (15 marks)
(1) The audit areas that are significantly impacted by the fiduciary duty of external auditors in the context of 1MDB are as follows:
a. Fair value assessment: The fair value of 1MDB's investments, such as its investment in Bridge Global SPC, was a crucial area for auditing. The difference of opinion between KPMG and 1MDB management regarding the fair value assessment indicates the complexity and sensitivity of this area. The auditor's fiduciary duty requires them to exercise professional skepticism and independently assess the reasonableness of management's estimates and disclosures related to fair value. Failure to adequately evaluate and challenge these estimates can lead to a potential misstatement of the financial statements.
b. Related party transactions: Auditors have a responsibility to identify and evaluate related party transactions, particularly those involving key officials or associates, as they can indicate potential conflicts of interest or fraudulent activities. In the case of 1MDB, the alleged misappropriation of funds involved top officials and their associates, highlighting the significance of scrutinizing related party transactions. Auditors need to exercise due diligence in assessing the adequacy of disclosure, ensuring appropriate valuation, and verifying the authenticity of these transactions.
c. Money laundering and fraud detection: The fiduciary duty of auditors encompasses the responsibility to detect and report any signs of fraud, including money laundering activities. Given that 1MDB was subject to money laundering investigations, auditors should have implemented robust procedures to assess the legitimacy of financial transactions and identify any suspicious activities. Failure to detect or report such irregularities could imply a breach of fiduciary duty.
In conclusion, the fiduciary duty of external auditors in the context of 1MDB significantly impacts the audit areas of fair value assessment, related party transactions, and the detection of money laundering and fraud. The complexity and sensitivity of these areas require auditors to exercise professional skepticism, perform rigorous procedures, and ensure compliance with auditing standards to fulfill their fiduciary obligations effectively.
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Which is NOT true of "Black Square" by Kasimir Malevich?
A. It was created in the middle of the first World War
B. It's a revolutionary symbol
C. It is the first time someone made a painting that wasn't of something
D. It marked the end of representation painting forever
The statement "It marked the end of representation painting forever" is not true of "Black Square" by Kasimir Malevich. (Option D)
"Black Square" by Kasimir Malevich is known for its revolutionary significance in the art world, but it did not mark the end of representation painting forever. While Malevich's painting is considered a significant departure from traditional representational art, it was not the first time someone made a painting that wasn't of something (option C). Artists had explored non-representational and abstract forms prior to Malevich.
"Black Square" is a seminal work of the Russian avant-garde movement and was created in 1915, during the middle of the First World War (option A). It is often interpreted as a revolutionary symbol (option B) that challenged conventional notions of art and sought to explore new dimensions of creativity and expression. However, representation painting continued to coexist alongside abstract and non-representational art, and the influence of "Black Square" extended beyond its immediate time period, shaping the development of modern and contemporary art movements.
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Lisa wants to buy a car when she graduates from Central University 4 years from now. She believes that she will need $29,700 to buy the car. Click here to view the factor table. (a) Calculate how much money Lisa must put into her savings account today to have $29,700 in 4 years, assuming she can earn 10% compounded annually. (For calculation purposes, use 4 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided and round final answer to o decimal place, e.g, 58,975.) Amount $ (b) Calculate how much money Lisa must put into her savings account today to have $29,700 in 4 years, assuming she can earn 10% compounded semiannually. (For calculation purposes, use 4 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided and round final answer to O decimal place, e.g. 58,975.) Amount $ ..........
To calculate how much money Lisa must put into her savings account today, we can use the concept of present value.
The present value represents the current value of a future amount of money, considering a specified interest rate and time period.
(a) Assuming a 10% interest rate compounded annually, we can use the Present Value of $1 table to find the corresponding factor for 4 years at 10%. According to the table, the factor is 0.6830.
To calculate the amount Lisa must put into her savings account today, we divide the desired future amount by the factor:
Amount = Future Value / Factor
Amount = $29,700 / 0.6830
Amount = $43,486.39
Therefore, Lisa must put $43,486.39 into her savings account today to have $29,700 in 4 years, assuming a 10% interest rate compounded annually.
(b) Assuming a 10% interest rate compounded semiannually, we need to adjust the interest rate and the compounding period.
The interest rate per compounding period is 10% / 2 = 5% (since semiannual compounding).
The number of compounding periods in 4 years is 4 x 2 = 8 (since semiannual compounding).
Using the Present Value of $1 table, the factor for 8 periods at 5% is 0.6806.
Amount = Future Value / Factor
Amount = $29,700 / 0.6806
Amount = $43,660.75
Therefore, Lisa must put $43,660.75 into her savings account today to have $29,700 in 4 years, assuming a 10% interest rate compounded semiannually.
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Describe the six bases of power and give one example of each.
- Include two citations
- double space your assignment according to APA
- Have a title page
- Reference page.
-Write in paragraph form
Legitimate power is associated with the position or role that an individual or group holds in society.
Reward power is based on the ability to provide incentives to others. For example, a manager may offer a raise or promotion to employees to motivate them to work harder. Coercive power is based on the ability to use punishment or negative consequences to influence the behavior of others. For instance, a police officer may use coercive power to enforce laws and regulations.
Each base of power is described in detail, including examples of each. The different bases of power are legitimate power, reward power, coercive power, expert power, referent power, and informational power. The bases of power can be used by individuals or groups to influence the behavior of others, and they are an important part of social interaction and organization.
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The execution stage of an audit involves:
evaluating the results of the detailed testing and forming an opinion on the truth and fairness of the client's financial report
the assessment of the audit firm's quality control procedures
the performance of detailed tests of controls and substantive testing of transactions and accounts
gaining an understanding of the client
The auditor must carefully assess the audit risk and reduce it to an allowable low level while planning an audit of a financial report.
The risk that the auditor would fail to notice serious misstatements as a result of significant errors or omissions in the financial statements is the subject of the first component of audit risk.The risk that the auditor would voice an improper opinion as a result of a mistake in judgement or a lack of information is the second element of audit risk.
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Windham Company Inc. is developing its annual financial statements at December 31, 2017. The statements are complete except for the statement of cash flows. The completed comparative balance sheets an
The completed comparative balance sheets and income statement of Windham Company Inc. at December 31, 2017, provide the necessary information for preparing the statement of cash flows.
The statement of cash flows is a financial statement that shows the cash inflows and outflows of a company during a specific period. It provides valuable information about a company's cash position, operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities. To prepare the statement of cash flows, the changes in cash and cash equivalents between the two comparative balance sheets need to be analyzed. The income statement is also used to determine the net cash provided or used by operating activities.
Operating activities include cash flows from day-to-day operations, such as cash received from customers and cash paid to suppliers. Investing activities involve the purchase or sale of long-term assets, such as property, plant, and equipment. Financing activities include cash flows from borrowing, repaying debt, and issuing or repurchasing shares.
By analyzing the changes in cash and cash equivalents, and considering the operating, investing, and financing activities of Windham Company Inc., the statement of cash flows can be prepared. This statement will provide insights into the company's cash flow patterns, liquidity, and ability to generate and utilize cash. It is an essential component of the financial statements, providing valuable information for decision-making and financial analysis.
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answer 18. Assume that the efficient market hypothesis holds. Marcos has been recently hired by a brokerage firm and claims that he now has access to the best market infor- mation. However, he is the
The efficient market hypothesis states that financial markets reflect all available information, and that asset prices accurately represent their underlying fundamental values. In an efficient market, it is assumed that all market participants have access to the same information, and prices adjust quickly to new information.
If Marcos is the sole individual with access to superior market information, it suggests a violation of the efficient market hypothesis. In an efficient market, information is quickly and widely disseminated, and any private or exclusive information would be incorporated into asset prices almost instantaneously.
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answer 18. Assume that the efficient market hypothesis holds. Marcos has been recently hired by a brokerage firm and claims that he now has access to the best market infor- mation. However, he is the only individual in the market who possesses this information. Based on the efficient market hypothesis, Marcos' claim is questionable.
Visually (or use diagrams) to indicate which vessels connect to which chambers:
Pulmonary artery to the
Pulmonary vein to the
Aorta to the
Superior vena cava to the
The four chambers of the heart have distinct characteristics and serve different purposes. The atria (upper chambers) receive blood and deliver it to the ventricles (lower chambers), which then pump the blood out of the heart.
Four vessels connect to the heart and are responsible for moving blood into and out of the heart. The vessels that connect to each chamber are outlined below:
Pulmonary artery: The right ventricle of the heart is connected to the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery is a major artery that carries blood from the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary vein: The left atrium of the heart is connected to the pulmonary vein. The pulmonary vein is a large blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.
Aorta: The left ventricle of the heart is connected to the aorta. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and is responsible for distributing oxygenated blood throughout the body.
Superior vena cava: The right atrium of the heart is connected to the superior vena cava. The superior vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart.
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a. Discuss at least THREE management
policies that tend to negatively affect firm
performance. Explain with specific
examples.
b. Discuss at least THREE management
policies that tend to positively affect firm
performance. Explain with specific examples.
c. As a manager, list at least THREE specific
business metrics that you would examine to improve firm performance. What specific policies would you develop to improve the productivity of your employees?
Three management policies that tend to negatively affect firm performance are micromanagement, lack of communication and transparency, and inadequate employee development and training.
A. Three management policies that tend to negatively affect firm performance are:
Micromanagement: Micromanagement occurs when a manager excessively controls and monitors every aspect of their employees' work, undermining their autonomy and creativity. This can lead to demotivation, decreased productivity, and stifled innovation. For example, a manager constantly hovering over employees, second-guessing their decisions, and not allowing them to take ownership of their work can create a hostile work environment.
Lack of communication and transparency: When management fails to communicate clearly with employees or keeps important information hidden, it can negatively impact firm performance. Lack of transparency erodes trust and can lead to misunderstandings, decreased collaboration, and missed opportunities. For instance, if a company undergoes a major restructuring but fails to communicate the reasons behind it or the potential impact on employees, it can create fear, rumors, and decreased morale.
Inadequate employee development and training: Neglecting employee development and training can hinder firm performance. When employees lack the necessary skills and knowledge to perform their tasks effectively, it can result in poor-quality work, increased errors, and decreased customer satisfaction. For example, if a technology company fails to provide ongoing training to its software engineers, they may struggle to keep up with evolving technologies, leading to outdated products and decreased competitiveness.
B. Three management policies that tend to positively affect firm performance are:
Empowerment and delegation: Empowering employees by delegating authority and decision-making power can lead to increased engagement, motivation, and productivity. When employees feel trusted and have the autonomy to make decisions related to their work, it fosters a sense of ownership and accountability. For instance, a manager who delegates project responsibilities to their team members, allowing them to make key decisions, can promote innovation and foster a more collaborative work environment.
Clear goals and performance feedback: Establishing clear goals and providing regular feedback helps align employees' efforts with the organization's objectives. It provides clarity on expectations, motivates employees, and enables them to track their progress. For example, a sales team that receives specific targets and receives constructive feedback on their performance can adjust their strategies accordingly and strive for continuous improvement.
Employee recognition and rewards: Recognizing and rewarding employees for their achievements and contributions positively impacts morale and performance. When employees feel valued and appreciated, it enhances their motivation and loyalty. For instance, a company that implements an employee recognition program, such as "Employee of the Month" or monetary incentives for exceptional performance, can boost employee morale and foster a positive work culture.
C. As a manager, three specific business metrics I would examine to improve firm performance are:
Revenue growth: Monitoring revenue growth provides insights into the company's sales performance and market competitiveness. By analyzing revenue trends, identifying successful products or services, and understanding customer preferences, I can develop strategies to expand market share and increase sales.
Customer satisfaction: Measuring customer satisfaction through surveys, feedback, and reviews helps gauge the quality of products or services and the overall customer experience. By focusing on improving customer satisfaction, addressing complaints, and exceeding expectations, I can enhance customer loyalty, drive repeat business, and attract new customers.
Employee productivity: Tracking employee productivity metrics, such as output per hour, project completion rates, or sales targets achieved, helps assess the efficiency and effectiveness of the workforce. To improve productivity, I would develop policies such as providing training and development opportunities, streamlining processes, fostering a supportive work environment, and setting clear performance expectations. Regular performance evaluations and feedback sessions would also be implemented to identify areas for improvement and recognize high-performing employees.
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What is SaaS and why is it considered as another outsourcing
option?
Software as a Service (SaaS) is a software distribution model in which a service provider hosts applications and makes them available to customers via the internet. A subscription-based approach is often used to deliver software. SaaS is a method of outsourcing the software development process.
SaaS is a well-known outsourcing option. This is because, as a software delivery model, it involves outsourcing the hosting of software applications and maintenance to a third-party vendor. Rather than installing and maintaining software on their own servers, companies can use SaaS to avoid the high costs and time-consuming maintenance associated with on-premise software. SaaS is considered another outsourcing option because, as previously stated, it allows companies to outsource the hosting of software applications and maintenance to a third-party vendor. Companies can save money on IT infrastructure, software license fees, and maintenance costs by doing so. SaaS also provides access to software applications from any location with internet access, allowing businesses to be more agile and responsive to changing business needs.
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Which statement is true? O A. The longer the cash cycle, the more cash a firm typically has available to invest. O B. Both the operating cycle and the cash cycle must be positive values. OC. If a firm decreases its inventory period, its accounts receivable period will also decrease. O D. Decreasing the inventory period will automatically decrease the payables period. O E. A firm would prefer a negative cash cycle over a positive cash cycle.
The correct statement is D. Decreasing the inventory period will automatically decrease the payables period.
When a firm decreases its inventory period, it means that it is holding less inventory on average before selling it.
This implies that the firm is able to sell its inventory more quickly, resulting in faster cash inflows from sales. As a result, the firm may need to make fewer purchases from suppliers and therefore has a reduced need to pay its suppliers, leading to a decrease in the payables period.
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a) What impact do unions typically have on unemployment in the unionized labor sector? Why?
(b) What impact do unions typically have on employment in the non-unionized labor sector? Explain.
(c) What impact do unions typically have on wages in the non-unionized labor sector? Explain.
Unions typically have a positive impact on unemployment in the unionized labor sector. By representing workers in negotiations with employers, unions can help ensure that workers receive fair pay, benefits, and working conditions. This can lead to higher job satisfaction and less turnover, which can in turn lead to lower unemployment rates within the unionized sector.
Unions can have both positive and negative impacts on employment in the non-unionized labor sector. On the one hand, unions can push for higher wages and better working conditions for their members, which can create a "spillover effect" that benefits all workers in a given industry.
Unions typically have a positive impact on wages in the non-unionized labor sector. By pushing for higher wages and benefits for their members, unions can create a "spillover effect" that benefits all workers in a given industry, even those who are not unionized.
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Suppose that you can sell as much of a product (in integer units) as you like at $60 per unit. Your marginal cost (MC) for producing the oth unit is given by: MC = 79 This means that each unit costs more to produce than the previous one (e.g., the first unit costs 7*1, the second unit (by itself) costs 7*2, etc.). Q: If fixed costs are $80, what is the optimal integer output level? Please specify your answer as an integer. If fixed costs are $80, what is the profit at the optimal integer output level? Please specify your answer as an integer. Q: If fixed costs are $105, what is the optimal integer output level? Please specify your answer as an integer. Q: If fixed costs are $105, what is the profit at the optimal integer output level? Please specify your answer as an integer.
To determine the optimal integer output level and profit, we need to compare the marginal cost (MC) and the price per unit.
Given that the marginal cost (MC) for producing the nth unit is 7n and the price per unit is $60, we can set up the following equation:
MC = Price
7n = 60
Now we can solve for n, which represents the optimal integer output level.
7n = 60
n = 60/7
n ≈ 8.57
Since we can only produce and sell in integer units, the optimal integer output level is 8 units.
To calculate the profit at the optimal integer output level, we need to consider the fixed costs.
Profit = Total Revenue - Total Cost
Total Revenue = Price * Output = $60 * 8 = $480
Total Cost = Fixed Costs + Variable Costs
Variable Costs = Sum of marginal costs for each unit produced up to the optimal output level.
Variable Costs = 7(1) + 7(2) + 7(3) + ... + 7(8) = 7 * (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 8) = 7 * 36 = 252
Total Cost = Fixed Costs + Variable Costs = $80 + $252 = $332
Profit = Total Revenue - Total Cost = $480 - $332 = $148
Therefore, at the optimal integer output level of 8 units, the profit is $148 when fixed costs are $80.
If the fixed costs are $105, we follow the same approach to determine the optimal integer output level and profit.
Fixed Costs = $105
7n = 60
n = 60/7
n ≈ 8.57
Since we can only produce and sell in integer units, the optimal integer output level is still 8 units.
Total Revenue = Price * Output = $60 * 8 = $480
Variable Costs = 7(1) + 7(2) + 7(3) + ... + 7(8) = 7 * (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 8) = 7 * 36 = 252
Total Cost = Fixed Costs + Variable Costs = $105 + $252 = $357
Profit = Total Revenue - Total Cost = $480 - $357 = $123
Therefore, at the optimal integer output level of 8 units, the profit is $123 when fixed costs are $105.
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In the past 12 months, the local supplier experienced a dmeand variance of 2302 units and produced an order variace of 4680 units Compute the bullwhip measure for this suppler
The Bullwhip Effect is a phenomenon that happens when small changes in consumer demand lead to more significant and more volatile changes in demand as orders are transmitted through the supply chain.
The Bullwhip Effect can lead to stockouts, overstocking, and lost sales. It is difficult to measure, but some methods can help approximate its effect.The bullwhip measure can be calculated as the ratio of the variance in demand over the variance in orders. The formula to calculate the Bullwhip Measure is:Bullwhip Measure = Variance of Demand / Variance of OrdersThe local supplier experienced a demand variance of 2,302 units and a production variance of 4,680 units over the past 12 months. Therefore, the bullwhip measure for this supplier is calculated as follows:Bullwhip Measure = Variance of Demand / Variance of OrdersBullwhip Measure = 2,302 / 4,680Bullwhip Measure = 0.492In conclusion, the bullwhip measure for this supplier is 0.492. This value is an indication of the level of Bullwhip Effect in the supply chain. The higher the Bullwhip Measure, the greater the Bullwhip Effect and the higher the inventory cost and level of inefficiency in the supply chain.
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Identify the fraud risk factors posed by DHB for its independent auditors. Which of these factors, in your opinion, should have been of primary concern to those auditors?
Overall, the combination of organizational structure, culture, and accounting deficiencies should have been the primary concern for auditors.
The fraud risk factors posed by DHB for its independent auditors are as follows:
1. Industry conditions and changes: According to the SEC, the healthcare industry has numerous regulations, which increases the risk of fraud due to complexity and ambiguity. In addition, market forces, such as increasing competition and declining reimbursement rates, may cause healthcare organizations to engage in fraudulent behavior.
2. Organizational structure and culture: The organizational structure of DHB and its culture were a significant fraud risk factor. DHB was a conglomerate with multiple business units and subsidiaries, which made it difficult for auditors to understand and control all of the transactions. Additionally, the company's culture was one of secrecy, with top executives limiting information access to the auditors.
3. Business operations and systems: DHB's business operations and systems also contributed to the fraud risk. The company's procurement process was inadequate, which allowed employees to bypass the proper channels and purchase items without approval. Furthermore, the company's accounting systems were deficient, allowing employees to manipulate financial statements.
4. Related parties and transactions: DHB's related-party transactions posed a significant fraud risk. The company had numerous subsidiaries and affiliates, which allowed related-party transactions to occur. Additionally, executives had personal interests in some of these subsidiaries, which increased the risk of fraud.
5. Accounting estimates and assumptions: DHB's accounting estimates and assumptions were a significant fraud risk factor. The company had numerous long-lived assets, which required accounting estimates. Additionally, the company's revenue recognition policies were complex, which made it easier for employees to manipulate financial statements.Auditors should have been particularly concerned about the organizational structure and culture of DHB. The company's conglomerate structure and secretive culture made it challenging for auditors to understand and control all of the transactions.
As a result, it was easier for employees to engage in fraudulent behavior.
Additionally, the company's accounting systems were deficient, which allowed employees to manipulate financial statements. Overall, the combination of organizational structure, culture, and accounting deficiencies should have been the primary concern for auditors.
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REAL ESTATE: Please explain the difference between a Gable and a Gambrel
roof.
A gable roof is a type of roof that has two sloping sides that form a triangular shape. It is commonly seen as the classic peaked roof design. On the other hand, a gambrel roof is a distinctive roof style that has two slopes on each side.
The lower slope has a steeper angle, while the upper slope is more gradual. This creates a characteristic barn-like appearance with a larger attic space. Gable roofs are known for their simplicity and efficiency in shedding water and snow. They are commonly used in residential construction and provide good ventilation. Gambrel roofs, often associated with barns, offer more usable space under the roof due to their steeper lower slope. This design is advantageous for maximizing storage or living space in the attic. The gambrel roof's unique shape also gives buildings a distinct aesthetic appeal.
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Discuss about the Leontief Paradox and factor intensity
reversal. Why does country like USA, capital abundant country,
import a capital intensive product? What is factor intensity
reversal?
Leontief Paradox refers to the unexpected finding by economist Wassily Leontief that a capital-abundant country like the USA imports more capital-intensive goods and exports more labor-intensive goods. This contradicted the predictions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, which suggests that a capital-abundant country should export capital-intensive goods.
Factor intensity reversal occurs when a country's factor endowment does not align with the factor intensity of its exports or imports. In the case of the USA, the paradox arises because although it is considered capital-abundant, it imports capital-intensive products due to other factors like technological advancements and comparative advantage. The USA may possess advanced technologies that make capital-intensive production more efficient, leading to importing such goods from other countries with lower capital costs. Factor intensity reversal highlights the importance of considering other factors beyond factor endowments, such as technology, productivity, and comparative advantage, in determining a country's trade patterns.
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If the share dividend is less than 20%, what amount of the retained earnings should be capitalized?
A. Par value of the shares
B. Fair value of the shares on the date of declaration
C. Fair value of the shares on the date of record
D. Fair value of the shares on the date of issuance
If the share dividend is less than 20%, the fair value of the shares on the date of declaration should be capitalized.
A share dividend is a dividend payment made in the form of shares rather than cash. Companies issue share dividends when they lack sufficient cash to pay investors dividends but want to maintain investor confidence by paying them. The fair value of the shares on the date of declaration is used to capitalize the share dividend when the share dividend is less than 20%. This is done to ensure that the value of the share dividend is accurately reflected on the financial statements. Par value of the shares is the minimum amount that must be paid by an investor for a share of stock. It is usually set by the company and is printed on the stock certificate. The fair value of the shares on the date of record is the value of the shares on the date that the investor must own the shares to receive the dividend. The fair value of the shares on the date of issuance is the value of the shares on the date that the company issues the shares.
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: A partnership began on January 1, 2020, with
two partners Mary Snow and Scott Lucas. Mary contributed $53,000
cash and Scott contributed equipment with a fair market value of
$33,000. The partners s
The partnership began on January 1, 2020, with Mary Snow contributing $53,000 cash and Scott Lucas contributing equipment valued at $33,000.
Explanation:
Mary Snow made a cash contribution of $53,000 to the partnership, which increases the partnership's cash assets. Scott Lucas, on the other hand, contributed equipment with a fair market value of $33,000. This contribution adds the equipment to the partnership's assets and increases its overall value. These initial contributions from both partners form the starting capital of the partnership and will be used for the operations and growth of the business.
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Question 28 Not yet answered Marked out of 10.00 Flag question You have ticked off the bank statement for June 2022 against your records with the following results: Items Not on Bank Statement Items not in your records Cheque 664 for $500 Bank Charge 30 June 2022 $100 Deposit 30 June 2022 $2,000 Other Considerations The bank statement balance as at 30 June 2022 is $15,500 Cr The Cash at Bank account in the General Ledger has a debit balance of 16,965 as at 30 June 2022. A cheque was processed in your books for $150 but appears on the bank statement as $15. bank statement is correct. Complete the following bank reconciliation. All numerical answers consist only of the digits 0 to 9. Symbols or punctuation marks should NOT be incorporated in powers. Every cell must be completed. Dates should be in the format DD/MM/YY Bank Balance as at 30 June 2022 Add: ÷ + Subtract: + Bank Balance as at 30 June 2022 Add: Subtract: + Adjusted Bank Balance Cash At Bank account balance Add: Subtract: + ♦ + + # us page Cash At Bank account balance Add: Subtract: ↑ • Adjusted Cash Book Balance Next pag Acknowledgement of Country The University of New England acknowledges that we are on Country of the Anaiwan people. UNE respects and acknowle facilities are built on land, and surrounded by a sense of belonging, both ancient and contemporary, of the world's oldest the Gumbaynggirr, Kamilaroi, and Dhunghutti nations and pays its respect to the Elders, past and present, of these nation Oorala Aboriginal Centre +
To complete the bank reconciliation for 30 June 2022, you need to adjust the bank statement balance and the Cash at Bank account balance based on the identified discrepancies. Here is the reconciliation:
Bank Balance as at 30 June 2022: $15,500 Cr
Add: Deposit 30 June 2022: $2,000
Subtract: Cheque 664: $500
Adjusted Bank Balance: $17,000
Cash At Bank account balance: $16,965
Add: Difference in cheque amount ($150 - $15): $135
Subtract: Bank Charge 30 June 2022: $100
Adjusted Cash Book Balance: $17,000
After making these adjustments, the Adjusted Bank Balance and the Adjusted Cash Book Balance are equal at $17,000, indicating that the bank reconciliation is now complete.
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You and your spouse have found your dream home. The selling
price is $220,000; you will put $50,000 down and obtain a 30-year
fixed-rate mortgage at 12% compounded monthly for the balance.
Assume that
The monthly payment on the mortgage would be $1,678.05.
Using the information given, we can calculate the mortgage amount as follows:
Mortgage amount = Selling price - Down payment
Mortgage amount = $220,000 - $50,000
Mortgage amount = $170,000
To find the monthly payment on the mortgage, we use the formula for a fixed-rate mortgage:
P = (r * A) / (1 - (1 + r)^(-n))
Where:
P = Monthly payment
r = Monthly interest rate (12% / 12 = 1%)
A = Loan amount ($170,000)
n = Total number of payments (30 years * 12 months/year = 360)
Plugging in the values, we get:
P = (0.01 * $170,000) / (1 - (1 + 0.01)^(-360))
P = $1,678.05
Therefore, the monthly payment on the mortgage would be $1,678.05.
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The accounting software supports:
A. The business transactions
B. The business process
C. The customers
D. The vendors
Please dont explain. Just say A,B,C or D which ne is
correct.
I think A
A. Accounting software primarily supports the recording, processing, and reporting of business transactions.
It is designed to automate and streamline the financial activities of a business, including functions such as general ledger, accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll, and financial reporting. By capturing and organizing transactional data, accounting software helps businesses maintain accurate financial records and generate various financial reports for decision-making and compliance purposes.
Accounting software enables businesses to efficiently record and track income, expenses, assets, liabilities, and equity. It allows for the creation of invoices, recording of payments, reconciliation of bank accounts, and management of vendor and customer accounts. Additionally, it facilitates the preparation of financial statements, such as the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement, providing valuable insights into the financial health of the business.
Overall, accounting software plays a crucial role in supporting and automating the accounting and financial management processes of a business, making it an essential tool for efficient and accurate financial record-keeping and reporting.
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Please provide a solution to the methadone mile dilemma in Boston as a Special Administration Liaison. How could we possibly stop? As a special Administration liaison, devise a solution and resources to government with help of court.
The Methadone Mile is a section of Boston, Massachusetts where drug users and people experiencing homelessness congregate. As a Special Administration Liaison, the Methadone Mile dilemma could be solved through a three-pronged approach.
The resources available to drug users and the homeless in Boston would be increased. This would help to provide much-needed support to those in need and would help to prevent them from congregating in the Methadone Mile. Secondly, the resources available to law enforcement agencies would be increased. This would help to provide additional support to the police and would help to prevent the illegal activities that occur in the area. Thirdly, the resources available to the court system would be increased.
This would help to provide additional support to the courts and would help to ensure that drug users and the homeless are given the support they need to get back on their feet and to rebuild their lives.As a Special Administration Liaison, it is important to work with local organizations to ensure that the resources provided are targeted at those who need them most. It is also important to work with local communities to ensure that the Methadone Mile is a safe and welcoming environment for all. Ultimately, the goal should be to help drug users and the homeless to rebuild their lives and to become productive members of society.
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Tanouye Corporation keeps careful track of the time required to fill orders. Data concerning a particular order appear below: Hours Wait time 25.4 Process time 5.9 Inspection time 0.4 Move time 4.4 Queue time 7.3 The throughput time was:
Throughput time can be defined as the total time that is taken from the start of the process until the product is completely produced. It includes the wait time, process time, inspection time, queue time, and move time.
These are defined below: Wait time: This refers to the time that is required by the order to wait before it is actually processed. Process time: This refers to the time that is required to actually make the product or service.Inspection time: This refers to the time that is required for the inspection of the product or service.Move time: This refers to the time that is required to move the product from one workstation to another.Queue time: This refers to the time that is required by the order to wait after it has been processed until it is actually moved.So, the throughput time of Tanouye Corporation order can be found by adding all these times that are given in the question.Throughput time = Wait time + Process time + Inspection time + Move time + Queue time = 25.4 + 5.9 + 0.4 + 4.4 + 7.3= 43.4. Therefore, the throughput time of Tanouye Corporation order is 43.4 hours.
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Let the production function be q = AL^a K^b. The function exhibits decreasing returns to scale if a) a + b = 1 b) a + b < 1 c) not enough info 2) Suppose the production function for a certain device is q = LK. If neutral technical change has occurred, which of the following could be the new production function? a) q = 2LK b) q = 2LK^2 c) all the above 3) Assuming constant wages, suppose the short-run production function is q = L^0.5 K^0.5, where capital is fixed at 4 units. If the marginal cost of producing the fourth unit is $10, what is the wage per unit of labor? a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 4) Suppose market demand is Qd = 100 - 6p. If all firms have long-run average cost curves equal to LRAC = 60 - 20q + 2q^2, how many identical firms will there be when this industry is in the long-run equilibrium? a) 4 b) 8 c) 18
1) The production function exhibits decreasing returns to scale if: a + b > 1 , 2) Neutral technological change has occurred, which implies that the production function will not change when the proportion of inputs is modified. 3) Short-run production function is given by: q = L0.5K0.5, where capital is fixed at 4 units. Marginal cost of producing the fourth unit is $10. 4) Market demand is given by: Qd = 100 - 6p Long-run average cost curve is given by: LRAC = 60 - 20q + 2q2At long-run equilibrium, price is equal to long-run marginal cost (LRMC), and each firm produces at the minimum point of LRAC.
1) The production function exhibits decreasing returns to scale if:a + b > 1 There are several possibilities:If a + b = 1, the function exhibits constant returns to scale.If a + b > 1, the function exhibits increasing returns to scale.If a + b < 1, the function exhibits decreasing returns to scale.Therefore, the correct option is b) a + b < 1.
2) Neutral technological change has occurred, which implies that the production function will not change when the proportion of inputs is modified. So, a and b remain the same.The new production function could be q = LK or q = 2LK or q = 0.5LK. Among the options provided, the new production function could be q = 2LK. Hence, option a is correct.
3) Short-run production function is given by: q = L0.5K0.5, where capital is fixed at 4 units. Marginal cost of producing the fourth unit is $10. We need to determine the wage per unit of labor. Marginal product of labor (MPL) is given by:MPL = ∂q/∂L = 0.5(L/K)0.5 ∴ L = (2MP LK) 2 Marginal cost (MC) is given by:MC = w/MPL ∴ w = MPK MC=10 = w/2 ⇒ w = 20 Therefore, wage per unit of labor is w = $20. Hence, option c is correct.
4) Market demand is given by: Qd = 100 - 6p Long-run average cost curve is given by: LRAC = 60 - 20q + 2q2At long-run equilibrium, price is equal to long-run marginal cost (LRMC), and each firm produces at the minimum point of LRAC. Therefore:LRMC = LRAC = ∂(60 - 20q + 2q2)/∂q = -20 + 4q ∴ q = 5LRMC = LRAC = 20 × 5 = 100. At the long-run equilibrium, Qs = Qd = 100 - 6p = 100 - 6(100/7) = 28.6Hence, number of identical firms at the long-run equilibrium is 28.6/5 = 5.7 ≈ 6. Hence, option c is correct.
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You are considering an investment in a mutual fund with a 3% load and expense ratio of 0.75%. You can invest instead in a bank CD paying 2% interest. a. If you plan to invest for 5 years, what annual rate of return must the fund portfolio earn for you to be better off in the fund than in the CD? Assume annual compounding of returns. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Annual rate of retum % b. What annual rate of return must the fund portfolio earn if you plan to invest for 10 years to be better off in the fund than in the CD? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Annual rate of return % c. Now suppose that instead of a front-end load the fund assesses a 12b-1 fee of 50% per year. What annual rate of return must the fund portfolio earn for you to be better off in the fund than in the CD? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Annual rate of return %
To determine the annual rate of return required for the mutual fund to be better off than the CD over a 5-year investment period ,the fund portfolio must earn an annual rate of return of approximately 8.06% for you to be better off in the fund than in the CD over a 5-year period.
Let's calculate the net return from the mutual fund:
Net return = (1 + Mutual Fund Return) * (1 - Load) * (1 - Expense Ratio) - 1
Given:
Load = 3% = 0.03
Expense Ratio = 0.75% = 0.0075
CD interest rate = 2% = 0.02
We want to find the Mutual Fund Return that would make the net return higher than the CD interest rate.
Equation:
(1 + Mutual Fund Return) * (1 - 0.03) * (1 - 0.0075) - 1 > 0.02
Simplifying the equation and solving for the Mutual Fund Return:
(1 + Mutual Fund Return) * 0.97 * 0.9925 > 1.02
(1 + Mutual Fund Return) > 1.02 / (0.97 * 0.9925)
Mutual Fund Return > (1.02 / (0.97 * 0.9925)) - 1
Mutual Fund Return > 0.0534
Therefore, the mutual fund portfolio must earn an annual rate of return greater than 5.34% to be better off than the CD over a 5-year investment period.
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22nd Century Pest Control, Inc., is considering developing a new type of mouse trap. They have made the following estimates regarding the development of the new product: • The life of the project is 7 years The project will require additional equipment that will cost $21,000. None of the equipment will have any salvage value. • Sales are expected to be 10,000 units per year at $4.50 per unit • Variable costs are expected to be $2.60 per unit Fixed costs are expected to be $12,000 per year • The annual Depreciation expense would be $3,000 • Additional Net Working Capital will be needed in Year O in the amount of $8,000. 60% of this will be recovered in Year 7 • The company's tax rate is 34% The Required Rate of Return on the project is 11% . What is the Year 0 Total Cash Flow? Multiple Choice -$21,000 -$33,000 -$29,000 -$36,000
Cash outflow for equipment = -$21,000
Net working capital = -$3,200
Taxes = -$3,400
Total = -$27,600
Therefore, the Year 0 Total Cash Flow is -$27,600.
The correct answer is none of the multiple choice options provided.
To calculate the Year 0 Total Cash Flow, we need to consider all the cash inflows and outflows that occur in the initial year of the project. These include the equipment cost, net working capital, and any other cash flows that occur in Year 0.Equipment cost: The project requires additional equipment that will cost $21,000. This is a cash outflow in Year 0.
Net working capital: Additional net working capital of $8,000 is needed in Year 0. 60% of this will be recovered in Year 7. Therefore, the net cash outflow in Year 0 is $8,000 x 40% = $3,200.
Annual fixed costs: Fixed costs are expected to be $12,000 per year. Since we are only interested in Year 0, we need to adjust this for present value. Using the formula for present value of an annuity, we get:
PV of fixed costs = $12,000 / (1 + 11%)^0 = $12,000
Depreciation: The annual depreciation expense is $3,000. Since depreciation is a non-cash expense, it does not affect the cash flow. However, it does affect the taxable income.
Taxable income: To calculate the taxable income, we need to subtract the variable costs, fixed costs (adjusted for present value), and depreciation from the sales revenue:
Taxable income = ($4.50 - $2.60) x 10,000 - $12,000 - $3,000 = $10,000
Taxes: The company's tax rate is 34%. Therefore, the taxes paid in Year 0 are:
Taxes = $10,000 x 34% = $3,400
Year 0 Total Cash Flow:
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a. State the basic assumptions behind Markowitz portfolio theory. (10 marks) b. Information for a portfolio of two assets is given below: Asset (A) Asset (B) E(Ra)=25% E(Rb)=11% O = 5% 0= 7% Wa=0.25 W
Assumptions behind Markowitz portfolio theory: investors are rational and risk-averse, returns follow probability distribution, diversification reduces risk, investors consider both expected return and risk, investors have access to perfect information, they can borrow and lend at a risk-free rate.
Markowitz portfolio theory is based on several fundamental assumptions. Firstly, it assumes that investors are rational and make decisions to maximize their utility. They aim to achieve the highest possible return while minimizing the level of risk they are exposed to. The theory also assumes that returns on investments follow a probability distribution, typically assumed to be a normal distribution. This means that the returns can be characterized by their mean (expected return) and standard deviation (risk). By understanding the distribution of returns, investors can assess the risk associated with different portfolios. Another key assumption is that diversification can reduce risk. By combining assets with different risk and return characteristics, investors can create a portfolio that achieves a desirable trade-off between risk and return. Diversification helps to mitigate the impact of individual asset-specific risks and smoothens out the overall portfolio performance.
Moreover, Markowitz portfolio theory assumes that investors consider both the expected return and risk when evaluating portfolios. Investors are not solely focused on maximizing returns but also take into account their risk preferences and the trade-off between risk and return.
The theory also assumes that investors have access to perfect information. They possess complete and accurate knowledge of the expected returns, risks, and correlations among assets. This assumption allows investors to make informed decisions based on reliable information. Lastly, Markowitz portfolio theory assumes that investors can borrow and lend at a risk-free rate. This assumption provides investors with the ability to adjust their risk exposure by borrowing or lending at a known rate, typically representing a risk-free investment such as government bonds.
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