A specialized type of recorded observational science that offers a description of a cultural group, society, or group is known as an ethnography.
An ethnography in research is what?The social and psychological sciences frequently use ethnography as a qualitative data collection technique. Observations and interviews are used to gather data, which is then utilized to make inferences about how society and individuals operate.
What does ethnographic work look like?An anthropologist visiting an island, residing there for years, and conducting extensive sustained observation & participation study on the island's people and culture is a famous illustration of ethnographic research.
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This _____ resource organizes the drugs by classifications and off-label drug uses but has no pictures of the medications.
This resource organizes the drugs by classifications and off-label drug uses but has no pictures of the medications.
What is Drug Classification And its uses?Drug classification refers to the grouping of medications into categories based on their properties, uses, and potential risks. The most commonly used system of drug classification in the United States is the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) system of five categories, known as "schedules." These schedules range from Schedule I (highest potential for abuse and no accepted medical use) to Schedule V (lowest potential for abuse and widely accepted medical use).
Off-label drug use refers to the use of a medication for a purpose other than what it is officially approved for by the FDA. For example, a medication that is approved to treat high blood pressure may also be prescribed to help alleviate symptoms of anxiety, even though that is not an approved use. This is a common practice in the medical field, as doctors often have to make decisions about treatment based on the needs of individual patients.
It is important to note that FDA does not regulate the practice of medicine, it is only responsible for approving drugs for safety and efficacy for the use for which they are intended. Off-label use of FDA-approved drugs is legal and common practice.
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Which of the following is true about the purpose of this training?A. This training is required in order to obtain the RBT credentialB. This training will cover all content areas on the RBT task listC. This training will provide you with information on applied behavior analysis and related strategiesD. All of the above
All of the given options above is the purpose of this training.
RBT (Registered Behavior Technician) Training is an intensive, evidence-based training program designed to equip behavior technicians with the skills and knowledge necessary to work effectively with individuals with developmental disabilities.
Through RBT training, technicians learn the purpose of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) to understand behavior, design and implement interventions, monitor and measure outcomes, and evaluate the effectiveness of those interventions. Technicians also receive training in ethics, behavior management strategies, positive reinforcement, crisis prevention, and more, allowing them to be highly effective in helping individuals with developmental disabilities reach their goals.
Hence, the correct option is "D".
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Lee started as a bank teller and 15 years later ended up running the bank. This is an example of _____ mobility.
Lee started as a bank teller and 15 years later ended up running the bank. This is an example of upward social mobility.
What does a teller at a bank do?
completes account transactions to serve customers. Receiving deposits and repayments, executing checks, releasing savings withdrawals, and logging night and mail deposits all contribute to providing account services to clients. provides traveler's checks, cashier's verifications, and series E bonds for sale.
After working as a teller for 15 years, Lee became the bank's manager. This is an illustration of upward social mobility.
Therefore, Social mobility plays a crucial role in the development of both a thriving society and a sound economy.
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Name one strength and one weakness unique to each of the following methods. They do not have to be longer than a phrase or sentence, but they need to convey a complete idea.
a. Experiment
Strength :
Weakness :
b. Survey
Strength :
Weakness
Each of the following methods has the following one advantage and one disadvantage in particular.
a. Experiment
Strength: It provides researchers with a great degree of control over auxiliary variables and enables them to establish causal links.
Weakness: Since it takes place in controlled environments, generalizability of the findings may be compromised.
b. Survey
Strength: It is cost-effective and may be easily administered to a large number of people.
Weakness: It is susceptible to a variety of respondent biases.
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if you were making a point that equiano justified himself as a slave owner because he felt that black slave owners were better than white skave owners, which of these passages from paragraph 4 shows this thinking and would best support your thesis
I envied them the freedom they enjoyed, and as often wished I could change my condition for theirs. These quotes supports the thesis.
Although modern slavery as a word comprises numerous forms of slavery, including human trafficking and persons born into slavery, it may differ in many ways from the servitude of the Transatlantic Slave Trade in appearance. There are countless ways to define modern slavery. All of these involve elements of exploitation, coercion, and control. At Anti-Slavery International, we define modern slavery as the act of someone being used by another for their own or another person's profit. They forfeit their freedom whether they are forced, fooled, or coerced. This encompasses, but is not limited to, forced labour, debt servitude, and human trafficking. Modern slavery victims may experience abuse or threats, be coerced into unmanageable debt, have their passports taken away, or even face deportation threats.
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Based on the ideas expressed in this passage, Hamilton would most likely be opposed to which of the following changes to the US ConstitutionThe 16th Amendment requirement for direct election of US senators
The US Constitution's 16th Amendment mandates direct elections for US senators. the 16th Amendment's mandate for US senators to be elected directly.
There are how many U.S. Senators?The Senate now has 100 Members as required by the Constitution, which also stipulates that senators must be at most thirty years old, citizens of the United States for 9 years prior to their election, and from each State, two senators.
Why are there two senators?Two senators were unanimously approved by the Convention for each state. The delegates also abolished the procedure used in House underneath the Confederation Articles and during the Constitutional Convention by providing that senators would cast individual votes rather than one vote per state.
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. religion has played an important role in korean history. in a one-paragraph essay, describe how buddhism and confucianism have influenced korea. your paragraph should be at least four complete sentences long and written in your own words. make sure to use correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
Buddhism was spread throughout Korea through missionaries. Many young monks went to China to improve their horizons. In Korea, Confucianism was also widely practiced.
A missionary is a member of a religious group which is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development. In the Latin translation of the Bible, Jesus Christ says the word when he sends the disciples into areas and commands them to preach the gospel in his name. The term is most commonly used in reference to Christian missions, but it can also be used in reference to any creed or ideology. The word mission originated in 1598 when Jesuits, the members of the Society of Jesus sent members abroad, derived from the Latin missionem, meaning 'act of sending' or mittere, meaning 'to send'.
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the hipaa privacy rule permits use or disclosure of a patient's phi in accordance with an individual's authorization that
Correct. Under the HIPAA Privacy Rule, a patient's authorization for the use and disclosure of their PHI must be in writing, signed, and contain essential elements and required statements.
According to the HIPAA Privacy Rule, which uses of PHI are permitted?
In most cases, a covered entity cannot use or disclose PHI unless: 1) It is specifically permitted or required by the HIPAA Privacy Rule; or (2) the person who is the subject of the information grants written permission.
What is the Security Rule of HIPAA?
Individuals' electronic personal health information that is created, received, used, or maintained by a covered entity is protected by national standards established by the HIPAA Security Rule.
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the most common fouls or offenses for which the referee must blow the whistle, if there is no advantage, are careless actions against an opponent during play including:
The most common fouls or offenses for which the referee must use the whistle, if there is no advantage, are careless actions against an opponent during play including jumps at, charges etc.
Additionally, in cases of penalties, the following cards are displayed. A player, substitute, or player who has been substituted is cautioned when they receive a yellow card. A player, substitute, or player who has been substituted gets sent off when they receive a red card. The red or yellow card may only be shown to a player, substitute, or player who has been substituted. From the time he steps onto the field of play until he exits after the final whistle, the referee has the power to impose disciplinary measures. Careless behaviour towards fellow teammates and even the opponent team could get a player disqualified. So it is adviced that every player follows the rules and regualtions.
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Three factors that influence both the mission assigned to the joint force and the rules of engagement (ROE) are _____. (Select all that apply.)
Three factors that influence both the mission assigned to the joint force and the rules of engagement (ROE) are military capability, policy and law.
What is rules of engagement?
Rules of engagement (ROE) are military orders that specify the conditions under which ground, naval, and air forces will engage and engage the enemy. Rules of engagement, as they are formally known, are the directives given by a competent military authority that specify when, where, how, and against whom military force may be used.
They have implications for both the actions that soldiers may take on their own initiative and the orders that a commanding officer may give. The common understanding that protocols and standards are necessary for the conduct and efficiency of civilized combat includes the rules of engagement.
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During childhood and adolescence, perceived __________ correlates more strongly with overall self-worth than any other self-esteem factor.O athletic competenceO academic competenceO physical appearanceO social competence
During middle childhood and adolescence, perceived physical appearance correlates more highly with overall self worth than any other Self-esteem factor. So the correct option is (c).
Self-esteem includes one's self-perceptions as well as mood responses including joy, anguish, pride, and shame. Conscience is described by Smith and Mackie (2007) as "the positive or negative judgments of the self, in terms of how we feel about that as well. The self-concept is just what we consider about the self. Identity is a desirable psychological concept because it may be used to predict many behaviors, including criminal activity, marital, happiness, and scholastic success. Personality can be applied worldwide or to a particular quality.
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The primary advantage of social networking for performance management is that, in contrast with more traditional practices, they
They provide performance information in a timely manner.
Which two of the following best describes citizenship behaviour?Both internal and institutional. Explanation: Employees that exhibit good citizenship behaviour are able to operate responsibly and in a manner that is consistent with their job description. It is divided into two groups: organisational and intrapersonal.Employees may post queries regarding their own performance to receive anonymous, quick feedback from their peers.According to formal definitions, job performance refers to the value of a collection of employee actions that either favourably or adversely influence the achievement of corporate goals.The primary advantage of social networking for performance management is that, in contrast with more traditional practices, they provide performance information in a timely mannerTo learn more about social networking refer to:
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A local polling chapter is interested in the mean age of people who voted in the last election. They want to use this information to help get more people of all ages out to vote. Identify the sample. A. the population mean age of people who voted B. a subgroup of these voters C. all people who have voted D. the sample mean age of people who voted in the last election
They want to use this information to help get more people of all ages out to vote, the sample they would use is B. a subgroup of these voters.
Not a physical mechanism, polling is a protocol where the CPU continuously determines if the device requires attention. When a device notifies a processing unit that it wants hardware processing, the processing unit repeatedly asks the I/O device if it wants CPU processing or not. Who supports the survey, not who conducts it, determines its partisanship.
A survey is deemed partisan if it is carried out on behalf of a candidate, party, campaign committee, PAC, super PAC, 501(c)(4), 501(c)(5), or 501(c)(6) organization that primarily works on favor of one political party.
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TRUE OR FALSE football coach joe ehrmann, who stresses to his team the value of building relationships, loving one another, and accepting love, is enacting a traitorous identity.
The given statement is False. Joe Ehmann is enacting a positive identity for his team.
What do you mean by identity?
Identity is a person's sense of self that is formed by their personal experiences, values, beliefs, and culture. It includes characteristics such as gender, race, ethnicity, nationality, sexual orientation, and religious or political beliefs.
Joe Ehmann is a former NFL veteran and renowned speaker who has dedicated his life to inspiring individuals to live with passion and purpose.
His passion and mission is to help people, especially youth, find true significance and identity through meaningful relationships and service to others.He believes that the way to transform society is to build strong relationships, cultivate strong communities, and develop strong values.He also works to create an inclusive culture of respect and compassion by teaching the importance of empathy, connection, and understanding.His goal is to empower people to lead a life of service to others, as well as to understand the importance of investing in relationships. Finally, Ehmann is passionate about leading by example, and encourages others to do the same.To learn more about identity refer :
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which one of the following would most likely be part of the cultural identity of someone who grew up in japan? group of answer choices independence obedience competition risk taking
Option 2nd is correct. Obedience is most likely part of the cultural identity of those who grew up in Japan.
Cultural identity is an individual's identity, or self-awareness and part of self-awareness, and refers to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, location, or any kind of social group with its own culture. Cultural identities are thus characteristic of both individuals and groups of culturally identical members who share the same cultural identity or upbringing. Cultural identity is a fluid process that is modified by various social, cultural and historical experiences. Some people experience more cultural identity changes than others, while others have distinct cultural identities. This means that their cultures are dynamically and stably integrated.
There are three parts of him that make up a person's cultural identity. Cultural knowledge, categorical designations, and social connections. Cultural knowledge means the connection between individuals and their identities through an understanding of the core characteristics of culture.
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Which of the following project outcomes will most likely require change management in the organization?Adopting a new supply ordering systemInstalling a new scheduling software on employees computers.
Adopting a new supply ordering system and installing a new scheduling software on employees computers will both require change management in the organization.
What steps should be taken to ensure employees are comfortable with the new scheduling software?1. Provide a comprehensive training session to ensure all employees understand the basics of the software and how to use it.
2. Allow employees to ask questions and provide feedback during the training to ensure they understand and feel comfortable with the software.
3. Provide additional resources, such as a detailed user guide, as well as access to an online help desk or customer service team for additional support.
4. Regularly check in with employees to ensure they are comfortable with the new software and to answer any questions or address any concerns that may arise.
5. Offer incentives for employees to use the software, such as a bonus or reward for those who complete tasks on time.
6. Provide a dedicated contact for scheduling software support who can provide additional assistance when needed.
7. Offer additional training sessions in order to update employees on new features or changes to the software.
8. Give employees the opportunity to provide feedback on the software and to suggest improvements.
By taking these steps, employers will be able to ensure that all employees feel comfortable and confident when using the new scheduling software.
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Which of the following cases examined a state law that required all children to attend school through the twelfth grade in order to promote the general welfare of its citizens?
O Roe v. wade
O Tinker v. des moines (1969)
O Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
O Engel v. Vitale (1962)
The correct response is c. Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972). Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) ases examined a state law that required all children to attend school through the twelfth grade in order to promote the general welfare of its citizens.
The decision in Wisconsin v. Jonas Yoder, 406 U.S. 205, was made by the US Supreme Court (1972), that Amish students could not be subjected to compulsory education past the eighth grade. It was decided that the state's interest in educating the parents' children outweighed the parents' fundamental right to freedom of religion. The case is frequently used as support for a parent's right to educate their child somewhere other than a typical private or public school. At the end of the eighth grade, three Amish children from three distinct families left the New Glarus High School in the New Glarus, Wisconsin, school district due to their parents' religious convictions. When the case got to trial, Jonas Yoder (one of the dads involved in the case) was the attorney for the three families. In Green County Court, they were found guilty. The minimal fine for each offender was $5. The Wisconsin Supreme Court then rendered a decision in Yoder's favour. Wisconsin then challenged that decision to the US Supreme Court.
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the apparatus is the most stable when the aerial device is operated in positions: group of answer choices below the level of the vehicle. above the level of the vehicle. directly to the left or right of the vehicle. directly over the front or rear of the vehicle.
The apparatus is the most stable when the aerial device is operated in positions: directly over the front or rear of the vehicle.
Hence, Option D is correct
The apparatus's base of stability is only the rectangle the tires form at its four corners when it is parked with the aerial device in its stowed position. It is advised that the stabilizers on the downhill side of the vehicle be lowered first when positioning on lateral uneven terrain.virtually eliminate all risks posed by traffic. According to factors like building height and condition and the immediate needs for the apparatus, such as rescue, aerial apparatus positioning is chosen for structural incidents.Aerial apparatus operators/drivers should avoid these things when positioning Keep away from low-angle, long extensions. Keep the equipment in a position close to a railroad. Keep a distance of 25 feet or more. The source pumper and all relay equipment should be in constant pressure relays.To know more about Aerial devices here
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which of the following is considered a fraud activity that could lead to getting your license suspended?
For the following resons, the DMV may driver license suspend - .1) Drive when ineligible for insurance, 2)Driving infractions linked to drugs and alcohol, 3)Failure to pay a traffic fine, 4)additional unpaid penalties.
Driving entails a sense of responsibility, hence the individual who has the privilege of doing so must be in possession of a learner permit. A driving license is a legally binding document that attests to a person's right to operate a motor vehicle on such a city street. The id card not only shows that you a self-sufficient and qualified driver, but it also acts as identity proof for your uniqueness, comparable to "Validate UK." The possession of a driver license confirms that you have received the necessary training to operate a vehicle in a public setting, which helps to lessen the burden of injuries and collisions.
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A researcher wants to find out if there is a relationship between job-related training and job satisfaction. List three potential topics in writing that could be studies based on your readings and video that reflect the idea of narrowing your research focus.
A researcher who wants to find out if there is a relationship between job-related training and job satisfaction van use a survey.
Surveys would be used if I wanted to determine whether there was a connection between job-related training and job happiness. I would conduct a survey of the workforce to learn whether they were satisfied with their jobs and believed that their training was enough. I would research whether a positive training experience and job satisfaction were related. I would also check to see if those who believed their training was inadequate were unsatisfied with their jobs. I would examine the participants in the training to determine whether they believed they did a good job and whether they were satisfied with their work.
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aristotle's golden mean defines moral virtue as a middle state determined by practical wisdom that emphasizes moderation and temperance.T/F
Aristotle's golden mean defines moral virtue as a middle state determined by practical wisdom that emphasizes moderation and temperance is true statement.
What is the Aristotelian virtue theory's golden mean?The middle ground between two extremes—excess and deficiency is moral behaviour. Choose a middle ground between the two extremes, and your behaviour will be moral.Moral virtue is defined by Aristotle's Golden Mean as an intermediate state determined by practical knowledge that places an emphasis on moderation and temperance. The compromise concept, sometimes known as Confucius' Golden Mean, holds that moral goodness should be found halfway between two extremes.The Doctrine of the Mean was proposed by Aristotle. According to this philosophy, virtue is a midpoint between two extreme vices, i.e., a state between an excess and a deficiency.To learn more about golden mean refer to:
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Which of the following political processes or behaviors is most directly affected by the development described in the passage?
A) Voter mobilization
B) Regional party realignments
C) Campaign finance reform
D) Party-line voting in Congress
The passage discusses how new digital technologies are being used to increase voter engagement. Therefore, the development described in the passage most directly affects voter mobilization.
The passage discusses how new digital technologies are being used to make voter engagement easier. This development directly affects voter mobilization, which is the process of encouraging and enabling people to register to vote and to vote in elections. Other political processes or behaviors, such as regional party realignments, campaign finance reform, and party-line voting in Congress, may be indirectly impacted by this development, but they are not as directly affected as voter mobilization. Thus, the political process or behavior most directly affected by the development described in the passage is voter mobilization.
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fill in the blank. emily did not like her job as a receptionist, so she quit and is looking for one that better suits her artistic talents. ting pei would like to work, but employers are not willing to hire him because he does not speak english. emily is unemployed and ting pei is___unemployed.
Ting Pei needs a job, but no businesses are prepared to provide him a job. Because of this, she resigned and is now looking for a position that more accurately represents her artistic ability.
What do you mean by provide for?
Ten paid holidays are included in the contract. The law allows for the appointment of a new official. To give the necessary resources for (something or someone) It's challenging to earn enough money to support such a big family. The website offers details on nearby activities. Privacy is provided by the window treatments. The band received brand-new uniforms from the school. The provision of healthcare to/for as many individuals as feasible is the aim.
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To answer a weekly discussion post, Harrison went to Wikipedia and then cut and pasted a relevant paragraph into his post. At the bottom of the post he linked to the Wikipedia page. Which of the following is true?
a) Harrison committed plagiarism; he cut and pasted information from a source without citing it.
b) Harrison didn't commit plagiarism; Wikipedia is an open source reviewed by editors, so it's considered common knowledge.
c) Harrison didn't commit plagiarism; he linked to the source (Wikipedia), which is enough to protect him.
d) Harrison didn't commit plagiarism, since he linked to Wikipedia. But he shouldn't use Wikipedia, because it's not an appropriate source for academic work.
Plagiarism still occurs when a few words are changed here and there or when a few words are rearranged in a sentence or paragraph.
Is it plagiarism if you copy and paste but cite the source?Additionally, paraphrasing Closely, even if you credit the source, if you rearrange the words or concepts from the original source or use parts of your own words mixed in with the originals, you are still plagiarizing.It is allowed to copy and paste a sentence from another person's writing into your own and simply enclose it in quotation marks. Explanation: To properly attribute a paragraph, a writer must enclose it in quotation marks and include a corresponding reference in MLA, APA, or any other acceptable format. Plagiarism occurs whenever you copy text verbatim from a source without giving the source credit.To learn more about Plagiarism refer to :
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which statements indicate that the nurse leader is adapting changes in leadership practices | to changes in health care systems? select all that apply. one, some, or all responses may
The nurse leader is adapting changes in leadership practices to changes in health care systems by developing strategies to improve team collaboration, creating a plan for staff education and development, utilizing data to inform decisions about patient care, implementing technological innovations to increase efficiency, and embracing transparency in decision-making processes.
1. Developing strategies to improve team collaboration
2. Creating a plan for staff education and development
3. Utilizing data to inform decisions about patient care
4. Implementing technological innovations to increase efficiency
5. Embracing transparency in decision-making processes
The nurse leader is adapting changes in leadership practices to changes in health care systems by developing strategies to improve team collaboration, creating a plan for staff education and development, utilizing data to inform decisions about patient care, implementing technological innovations to increase efficiency, and embracing transparency in decision-making processes.
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an economist plays two roles: scientist and policy advisor. as scientists, economists explain the world, and as policy advisors they help improve the world. because these two roles have different goals, they require different types of language. economists as scientists make positive claims, whereas economists as policy advisors make normative claims. in your initial post, begin by briefly introducing yourself, including your program of study and career interests. then address the following: explain the difference between positive and normative analysis. provide an example of a normative statement or an example of a positive statement from a recent news story.
Economists are researchers who describe the world, as well as strategy advisers who help humanity. Because the goals of these two jobs are so different, they require different types of language.
What is the most basic definition of economy?An economy is a network of interconnected consumption and production activities that ultimately decide resource allocation within a group. The overall production and consumption of products and services meets the needs of those who live and work within it.
What exactly is an economic example?The traditional economy, which incorporates a nation's customs and history to guide the production and distribution of goods, is a prominent example of an economy. Agriculture, fishing, and hunting are the mainstays of traditional economies.
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why did professor wesch struggle to learn anything when he first went to new guinea? (from the video for lesson one)
When Professor Wesch first arrived in New Guinea, he was experiencing culture shock, which made it difficult for him to learn anything.
Why is it crucial to pay attention to the metaphors we use?People's perceptions can be significantly altered by the metaphors we use, which can have real-world effects. The metaphors we use can have a significant impact on people's perceptions in ways that have real-world consequences because of their role in our thinking processes.
These metaphors help us see things differently and are illuminating. They offer fresh perspectives and have the power to alter our mental models. Metaphors are not just tools; They are fundamental to our understanding of the world. They assist us in reasoning and comprehending the world around us, and they are not exclusive to language.
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if a psychologist is curious about why someone is optimistic (e.g., can perceive a silver lining in even the most terrible situations) versus pessimistic, they are most likely thinking of the aspect of personality.
A person who is optimistic sees the positive in everything, is generally assured, and is hopeful about the future.
The world is full with possibilities from the perspective of the optimist. The pessimist, on the other hand, focuses mostly on the drawbacks of everything in his or her environment. On the other hand, pessimists perpetually perceive the glass as half empty. optimistic and pessimists coexist in realists. A propensity for thinking negatively is referred to as pessimism. Pessimistic people typically notice and concentrate on the unfavorable or negative aspects of a situation rather than what is going well. In the traditional sense of the word, optimism is defined as expecting the best result from any given circumstance.
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the dramaturgical approach uses theatrical terms to explain human behavior. for example, it calls the place where humans prepare for action _______.
The dramaturgical approach uses theatrical terms to describe human behavior. For example, backstage where people prepare for action.
The term was first brought from theater to sociology by Irving He Goffman, who developed most of the related terms and ideas in his 1956 book The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Kenneth Burke, whom Goffman later recognized as influential, had previously published his thoughts on dramatism derived from Shakespeare again in 1945.
However, the fundamental difference between Burke's and Goffman's views is , Burke believed that life was actually a play, whereas Goffman saw the play as a metaphor. Thinking of themselves as directors observing what is happening in the theater of everyday life, they are doing what Goffman called dramaturgical analysis: the study of the social interactions associated with theatre.
Theatrical sociology argues that elements of human interaction depend on time, place and audience. In other words, self for Goffman is a sense of who one is, and the dramatic effect that results from the immediate presentation of the scene.
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Which of the following CORRECTLY compares the James-Lange theory of emotion with the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?
a. the James-Lange theory includes making a cognitive appraisal and laveling as a component of the emotional experience, but Cannon-Bard does not
b. according to the James-Lange theory, emotion is noticed after physiological arousal while Cannon-Bard says we experience physiological arousal and emotion at the same time
c. the Cannon-Bard theory includes making a cognitive appraisal and laveling as a componene tof the emotional experience, but James-Lange does not
According to the James-Lange theory, emotion is noticed after physiological arousal while Cannon-Bard says we experience physiological arousal and emotion at the same time.
What is the difference between Cannon-Bard theory and James-Lange theory?
William James and Carl Lange created the James Lange hypothesis in the late 1800s. According to this hypothesis, people's physiological responses to events cause them to experience emotions. In other words, emotions are based on changes in our bodies. For instance, a grin makes you joyful; a tremor makes you fearful; etc. To further explain, imagine that you shiver and feel ready to flee when you see a snake. You develop the emotion of dread as a result of this physiological response. This hypothesis also holds true for happy circumstances; for instance, you will feel happier if you laugh at something.
According to the Cannon-Bard theory, separate and simultaneous bodily and emotional reactions can be elicited by external stimuli, whether it be favourable or negative. In 1927, Walter B. Cannon and Philip Bard created this idea in response to James Lange's. This hypothesis contends that emotional and physical responses to stimuli are independent of one another. For instance, a person who is terrified of fire could shiver (a physical reaction) and experience terror (an emotional reaction) when they see fire. Here, neither the trembling nor the emotion of terror is a response to the individual's trembling. These are two separate reactions that are happening at the same time.
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