in chromatography, components of a mixture spend some time absorbed in a stationary phase and some time dissolved in a mobile phase. in terms of intermolecular forces and polarity of the molecules, explain how the components can be separated with these two phases

100g of ice will require 33,400 J to melt because the specific heat required to melt ice is 334 J/g. Since water has a specific heat of vaporization of 2230 J/g, evaporating 100g of water will require 223,000 J.

Heat is the result of the movement of kinetic energy from one media or item to another, or from the energy source to either a medium or object. Radiation, conduction, & convection are the three possible mechanisms for this type of energy transmission.

The equation q = mcT, where m is the sample mass, c is the specific heat, and T is the temperature change, can be used to determine how much heat is absorbed or lost by a sample (q).

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The correct statement that are exothermic is energy associated with the formation of water-ion interaction.

An exothermic reaction is the one during which system releases energy and during an endothermic reaction system absorbs energy.

Option 1  is incorrect as water molecules do not undergo ionization when added to water and thus no energy is released.

Option 2 is incorrect because the separation LiCl into subsequent ions requires a significant amount of energy and thus it will be a endothermic reaction.

Option 3 is correct as the formation of water ion releases a large amount of energy and thus it is an endothermic reaction.

Option 4 is also correct as it is the energy associated with the whole system.

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0.750 tsp of baking soda in grams would be  4.49 grams.

From the available information:

If, 1 tsp of baking soda = 0.211 oz, then 0.750 tsp of baking soda would be:

 0.750 x 0.211 = 0.15825 oz

Thus, 0.750 tsp of baking soda is equivalent to 0.15825 oz of baking soda.

If 1 oz = 28.35 grams, then 0.15825 oz of baking soda will be:

28.35 x 0.15825 = 4.49 grams

In other words, 0.750 tsp of baking soda would be worth 4.49 grams of baking soda going by the available conversion factors.

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2Ag[+](aq) + S[2-] -> Ag{2}S(s) is the net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction between silver nitrate solution and sodium sulfide solution.

An ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the electrolytes in aqueous solution are expressed as dissociated ions. It is similar to a molecular equation in which compounds are expressed as molecules. Chemical equations known as ionic equations only display the ions involved in a chemical reaction. Or, the ions that combine in a solution to react and create new substances. Those ions that don't take part are referred to as spectator ions. A chemical equation known as an ionic equation expresses the electrolytes in aqueous solution as dissociated ions. The ionic species are usually followed by (aq) in the equation to denote that they are in an aqueous solution, and this is typically a salt that has been dissolved in water.

Here,

The precipitation reaction between silver nitrate solution and sodium sulfide solution is represented by the net ionic equation 2Ag[+](aq) + S[2-] -> Ag{2}S(s).

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The density of tetrahydrofuran needed for a chemistry student to do the experiment is 0.888 g/mL

Tetrahydrofuran has an ethereal smell and is visible as a transparent, colourless liquid. not as dense as water. 6 °F flash point Air is lighter than vapours.

Because it can dissolve different resins even at room temperature and is miscible with water and the majority of organic solvents, THF is frequently employed as a solvent for specialised resins such photosensitive resins. Additionally, it serves as a solvent for Wittig and Grignard processes.

Regardless of the sequence of introduction, if two compounds are totally soluble in one another, they are said to be miscible. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), for instance, and water mix well.

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Uranium-238, Uranium-235, and Potassium-40 isotopes are better than Carbon-14 to find the age of artifacts from millions of years ago because they have longer half-lives.

The half-life of Carbon-14 is only about 5,730 years, making it useful for dating materials that are only up to around 60,000 years old. In contrast, the half-life of Uranium-238 is about 4.5 billion years, and the half-life of Uranium-235 is about 704 million years, making them useful for dating materials that are much older. Potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.25 billion years. This means that these isotopes are still present in much older samples, and can be used to accurately determine the age of materials from millions of years ago.

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Answer:The atoms of metallic elements are different from the atoms of non metals or metalloids base on the outer electron/ valency electrons and the its bonding pattern.

The atoms of different metals varies in it ability to bond quickly.

The atoms of metallic elements are different from the atoms of non metals or metalloids base on the outer electron/ valency electrons and how it bonds.

Metallic atoms have very few electrons in the outermost shell. The valency electrons of this metallic atoms are few and are easily lost during bonding. They have the ability to release there valency electrons easily. Example of this metals are sodium, potassium , calcium etc.

On the other hand non metallic elements have numerous electron in the outermost shell and easily receive electron during bonding. Example are chlorine, fluorine, oxygen etc.The metalloid atoms like silicon and germanium have an average number of electron in their outermost shell. They are in between.

The atoms of different metals varies in it ability to bond quickly. For example the group 1 metals are very reactive than the group 2 metals. This simply means the group 1 metals(alkali metals) goes into bonding more easily than the group 2 metals(alkali earth metals).    

Explanation:

0.1812 g of O2 is required to completely react with 0.025 g of C3H8.

React is a term used in chemistry that refers to a chemical reaction. In a chemical reaction, molecules interact with one another to form new molecules. Reacting molecules may exchange atoms, combine with one another, break apart, or rearrange their atoms.

The moles of O2 required to react with 0.025 g of C3H8 can be calculated by using the following equation:
Moles of O2 = 0.025 g C3H8/44.1 g/mol C3H8
= 0.0005674 mol O2
The mass of O2 required can be calculated by using the following equation:
Mass of O2 = 0.0005674 mol O2 * 32.00 g/mol O2
= 0.1812 g O2
Therefore, 0.1812 g of O2 is required to completely react with 0.025 g of C3H8.

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Moles of carbon dioxide(co2) will you make only 0.0115 mol was produced.

we know the ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

PV/RT=n

n=(1.04 atm)(1.00 L) /L atm (0.0821 )(1100 K) mol K

n=0.0115 moles of CO2.

The moles ofCaCO3 = 50.0 g/100.09 g/mol = 0.500 mol CaCO3 .If the reaction had gone to completion, 0.500 mol of CO2 would have been produced.  The two different experiments (one with 50.0 g of CaCO3 and one with 100.0 g of CaCO3) reached the same constant, final pressure of 1.04 atm.

Since increasing the amount of reactant did not produce more product, there is no way that all of the CaCO3 reacted. Instead, an equilibrium condition has been achieved and there must be some solid CaCO3 in the container.

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NiSO4: The answer you gave is accurate. In an ion symbol, the number component of the charge is often written first. • CrS compound.

It is a salt made up of the weak acid H2CO3 and the strong base Ca(OH). Chalk, or CaCO3, does not function like a base since it does not dissolve in water. Use the app to access an endless number of solutions.

Spherocobaltite, sometimes referred to as cobalt carbonate, is a mineral with the chemical formula CoCO3. It is cobalt's carbonate salt. When melted, it produces red trigonal flakes with a specific gravity of 4.13 that disintegrate. Cold or warm water does not dissolve cobalt carbonate, but acids can.

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By dividing the sample's mass by its molar mass, one can determine the number of moles present in a sample. One mole, denoted by the symbol mol and written as molecular entities, known as Avogadro's number.

In addition, the molar mass of each element is determined by the weight of its atoms, which is calculated to be 6.022*10^23. (1 mole). The definition of a substance's molecular weight is the ratio of the mass of one mole to the given mass of that substance in any form of chemical reaction. It is best understood as the maximum number of moles that can be created from a given amount of the substance. Because a mole contains 6.023 10 23 atoms, or 6.023 mol, it is a very large unit. One mole is equivalent to the Avogadro number.

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The effect of the radial nodes on the orbital contours is illustrated in the following representation of this orbital, 5dx2â'y2, shown when it is divided by the xy plane.

True: A, C, and E

False: B, D

An atomic orbital is a function that describes the position and wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom in terms of both atomic theory and quantum mechanics. This function can be used to determine the likelihood of discovering any atom's electron in any particular area surrounding the nucleus. A three-dimensional representation of an electron's most likely position within an atom is called an orbital. The probability of discovering an electron near a hydrogen atom's nucleus is depicted in the diagram below. The 1s orbital has the highest probability, as you can see.

Here,

The following illustration of this orbital, 5dx2â'y2, shown when it is divided by the xy plane, shows how the radial nodes affect the orbital contours.

True: A, C, and E

False: B, D

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In the plot to determine Avogadro's number, the x-axis should be moles of electrons and the y-axis should be number of electrons. The best-fit line's slope should equal Avogadro's number.

The mass and quantity of chemical substances are related by a number of international accords. These include the definitions of Avogadro's number and the mole as well as the atomic mass scale. The agreement that one atom of 12C will have an exact relative atomic mass of 12 forms the basis for the atomic mass scale. Avogadro's number must be calculated experimentally by some way of calculating the number of entities in a mole because it cannot be calculated from solely theoretical considerations.

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The structures in option A and D correctly represents structure of cis-1,3-dimethyl cyclohexane.

There are three stable conformations of cyclohexane. Chair, boat, and twist boat are them. The chair conformation is the most stable of the three. Each carbon atom in the cyclohexane's boat shape has two different sorts of groups. Both axial and equatorial groups describe them. From the provided boat conformations, we should determine the cis conformations.

Two substituents are in up, up (or) down, down to each other in boat conformation if they are cis to one another. Two substituents are in up, down, or down, up to each other in boat conformation if they are trans to one another.

In boat conformation A, both methyl groups are in up direction.

In boat conformation-B and C, one methyl group is in up direction and other one is in down direction.

In boat conformation D, both methyl groups are in down direction.

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The complete question is as follows :

For cis-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane, which structures represent the possible boat conformations?- a- b- c- d:

Ionic - CaO, NaCl, KF, CsBr

Polar covalent - HBr, HCI, BrF

Nonpolar covalent - O2, Br2, N2

The entire transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms is referred to as an ionic bond. It is a kind of chemical connection that produces two ions with opposing charges. In ionic bonding, the nonmetal takes the lost electrons to form a negatively charged anion while the metal loses them to become a positively charged cation.

In most cases, ionic compounds are created when a metal reacts with a nonmetal (or a polyatomic ion). The reaction between two nonmetals produces covalent compounds. Binary compounds containing hydrogen are typically covalent compounds since hydrogen is a nonmetal.

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By dilution, 275 mL or 0.0224 MgF2 solution can be created from 69.4 mL of 0.0887 MgF2 solution.

By adding extra more solvent, such as water, to the solution, dilution is indeed the process of "reducing the concentration of the solute in a solution." A solution is diluted by adding additional solvent without also adding more solute.

An approach used frequently to achieve this concentration reduction is serial dilution. diluted homeopathy. An equation called "dilution" can be used to determine how quickly a gas diluted. A sort of unauthorized trademark usage outside the relevant market is trademark dilution.

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I2 plus 2 S2O3-2 —> 2 I-1 pb(ii S4O6-2 13.82 mL using 0.07203 during i2+na2s2o3 titration Naoh Quantity of moles of Na2S2O3 was necessary for such wheat indicator end point.

incorrectly drawn border The margins are frequently jagged, serrated, or fuzzy in shape. The adjacent skin may become impregnated with the pigment. color imbalance: Tan, brown, or black colors may be present in varying shades. There could also be spots of white, grey, red, pinkish, and blue color.

The skin normally contains melanocytes all over it. They create melan, the pigment whose naturally imparts color to the skin.

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The wavelength of photon capable of ionizing a hydrogen atom from its ground state = 91.2 nm

The energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state = -13.6 eV.

So to ionize the atom we have to provide at least 13.6 eV of energy.

Converting eV to Joules,

Energy, E = 13.6 × 1.6 ×10⁻¹⁸ = 2.18 × 10⁻¹⁸ J

From Plank's quantum theory, E = hυ

          h is the plank's constant

          υ is the frequency.

Also  c = υλ

        λ = c/υ,    λ is the wavelength,

                         c is the velocity of light in vaccum

                        υ is the frequency.

By combining both equations, E = hc/λ

                                                   λ = hc/E

                                                     = (6.63× 10⁻³⁴ )×(3×10⁸)/(2.18×10⁻¹⁸)

                                                     = 9.12 ×10⁻⁸ m

                                                    = 91.2 nm

So the wavelength of photon required to ionize hydrogen atom is 91.2nm

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Chlorine has more valence electrons than P or Si, which causes its core 2s orbital to be closer to its nucleus.

Valence electrons are the electrons located in an atom's outermost energy level or shell. For instance, the oxygen molecule has six valence electrons, two of which are located in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell.

For neutral atoms, the total number of valence electrons is the same as the total number of primary group electrons. Looking at an element's column in the periodic table will reveal its major group number. One member of group four, carbon, has four valence electrons.

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Answer:

Explanation:

163mL

Plasma is a state of matter. It was once considered as a subset of gas. But it is an entirely different state with its own characteristics.

Plasma is superhot, so that all the atoms are ripped apart from its electrons and is in an ionized state. But gas particle contains mostly neutral particles of the gas. Like we heat a liquid to produce gas, we heat gas to form plasma.

Plasma can conduct electricity due to the presence of charged particles. Plasma can be held in a place by using magnetic forces. By disturbing the magnetic field inside the plasma it emits a wave called Alfven wave, which is only characteristic to plasma.

The charged particles moves at high speed towards the poles of the magnetic field and due to its collision with each other, excites gases like nitrogen and oxygen and emits neon like lights. Most plasma's are not dense enough for particles to collide with each other, this is where electrical and magnetic field comes to play.

So plasma is formed from superheated gases, which have ionized particles, rather than neutral atoms, which are less denser, conductive, and in presence of electrical or magnetic field, emits waves that are characteristic only to plasma.

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The molar mass of Fe3(PO4)2 can be calculated by adding the molar masses of each individual element in the compound.

Fe3(PO4)2 is made up of:

3 atoms of Fe (molar mass of Fe = 55.845 g/mol)

2 atoms of P (molar mass of P = 30.973762 g/mol)

8 atoms of O (molar mass of O = 15.9994 g/mol)

To calculate the molar mass of Fe3(PO4)2, we add up the molar masses of each element:

Molar mass of Fe3(PO4)2 = 3(55.845 g/mol) + 2(30.973762 g/mol) + 8(15.9994 g/mol)

= 167.535 g/mol

So the molar mass of Fe3(PO4)2 is 167.535 g/mol

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The molecular geometry around the central atom of each of the following species: For CF₄ is tetrahedral, for NCl₃ is trigonal pyramid, for SO₂ is bent,  Si₂H₆ is tetrahedral, and for  (NH₂)₂CO is trigonal planar.

The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule is known as molecular geometry, also referred to as the molecular structure. Understanding a compound's molecular structure can be useful in identifying its polarity, reactivity, phase of matter, color, magnetism, and biological activity.

A molecule's three-dimensional shape in space is known as its molecular geometry. The surrounding atoms and electron pairs as well as the central atom influence it. Using the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) method, the shape of the majority of molecules can be predicted.

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Benzoyl chloride on reaction with alcohols give corresponding ester by esterification reaction. Reaction is attached below.

An organic acid (RCOOH) and an alcohol (ROH) are combined during the process of esterification to create an ester (RCOOR) and water. This process can also refer to a chemical reaction that produces at least one ester product. A reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid results in ester, which is then produced.

Some esters can be made by esterification, a process in which a heated carboxylic acid and an alcohol react with a mineral acid catalyst to produce an ester and water: It is possible to undo the reaction. Butyl acetate can be created by esterifying acetic acid and 1-butanol, as one example of an esterification reaction.

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Since deuterium has non-magnetic nuclei, which do not produce NMR signals, it is necessary to conduct NMR experiments using deteriorated solvents. If the solvent contains protons, the signal from the sample and the solvent will mix.

A large solvent signal that would otherwise appear in the proton NMR spectrum has been suppressed by using expensive deuterated solvents, which also makes locking and shimming easier.

Deuterium, an element that isotopically uses hydrogen and uses magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) as a solvent in imaging, is present in deuterium chloroform (CDCL3). The primary application for this substance without chemical alteration is in NMR spectrometers.

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Number many peaks are present in the ¹H-nmr spectrum of Eugenol are having 12 different hydrogen atom.

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The concentration of C₅H₆ when 250 seconds have passed is 0.015 M. e. The slope of the plot will be less steep at a lower temperature.

The molar mass of many compounds can be calculated by dividing the mass of the compound by the number of moles of the compound.

d.

[C5H6]0⁻¹ = 25 M⁻¹

t = 250 s

k = 0.17 M⁻¹ s⁻¹

Now, substituting these values in the integrated rate law to get,

[C5H6]⁻¹ = 0.17 M⁻¹ s⁻¹ x 250 s + 25 M⁻¹

= 67 M⁻¹

or,

[C5H6] = 1/67 M⁻¹

= 0.015 M

e.

According to the Arrhenius equation, the rate constant of a reaction decreases with temperature.

Therefore, d. the concentration of C₅H₆ is 0.015 M.

e. At lower temperatures, the slope of the plot will be less steep.

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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:

The full question and the graph are added.

Water and toluene are not miscible, the formula of toluene is  (d) C₆H₅CH₃.

Toluene, a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, is also known as toluol. It is an insoluble in water odorless liquid with the characteristic odor of paint thinners.

It is a phenyl group connected to a methyl group and is a mono-substituted benzene derivative (CH3). Benzene is the parent of the chemical. The IUPAC has referred to it as "methylbenzene" as a result. Toluene is largely used in the industrial sector as a feedstock and a solvent.

Because of their polarity and functional group pressure, the other options are soluble, making option D the correct response.

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Answer: The concentration fluctuates between high and low during the reaction.

Explanation: In a chemical reaction, the reactants are converted into products and the concentrations of the species involved in the reaction change over time. The proposed mechanism describes how the reaction occurs, and it can give an insight into how the concentrations of the species change during the reaction.

When the reaction starts, the concentration of reactants is high, and the concentration of products is low. As the reaction progresses, the reactants are consumed, and the products are formed. The concentration of reactants decreases, and the concentration of products increases.

At some point, the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, and the reaction reaches equilibrium. At equilibrium, the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant, and the reaction proceeds at a steady state.

Therefore, based on the proposed mechanism, the concentration of the species represented in the equation fluctuates between high and low during the reaction, as the reactants are consumed, and the products are formed, until reaching the equilibrium state.