The gradients of the other ions are most likely accounted for by Cotransport protein. The movement of the majority of the ions takes place by the phenomenon of electrochemical gradients.
electrochemical gradients of which some are found on the surface of the membrane and function as electrogenic pumps. While the gradients of some of the ions are mostly accounted for by the co - transport proteins, as these proteins take part in the movement of ions or molecule through a plasma membrane that involves concentration gradient based on the kind of molecules and movement.
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2. Balance the equations and identify the type of reaction. (48 points total: 6 points per question=2
points per reaction type and 4 points for the coefficients)
a) 2Na₂N → 2Na + N₂ reaction type combination reaction.
b) H₃PO₄ +3KOH → K₃PO₄ + 3H₂O reaction type double-Replacement Reaction.
c) N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃ reaction type combination reaction.
d) 2H₂O₂ → O₂ + 2H₂O reaction type combination reaction.
e) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂ reaction type displacement reaction.
f) C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O reaction type combustion reaction.
g) CuCl₂ + H₂S → CuS + 2HCl reaction type double displacement reaction.
How is an equation balanced written?The reaction arrow's left and right sides of a balanced equation have an equal number of each type of atom. The products go on the right side of the arrow when writing a balanced equation, and the reactants go on the left.
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The isotope Z-22 has an abundance of 35% while Z-24 has an abundance of 65%. What is the average atomic mass of element Z?
The isotope Z-22 has an abundance of 35% while Z-24 has an abundance of 65%. the average atomic mass of element Z is 23.3 amu.
Z- 22 ,percent abundance = 35 %
= 0.35
Z - 24 , percent abundance = 65 %
= 0.65
average atomic mass = (mass × percent abundance + mass × percent
abundance )
= (22 ×0.35 + 24 × 0.65)
= 7.7 + 15.6
= 23.3 amu
Thus, The isotope Z-22 has an abundance of 35% while Z-24 has an abundance of 65%. the average atomic mass of element Z is 23.3 amu.
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Please Help!!
How are the transmission, prevention, and treatment of infectious diseases similar to and different from these processes in other diseases?
Answer:
Many types of medicine aim to treat a disease or injury rather than prevent it. However, preventive medicine stops the disease before it starts. Infectious diseases are transmitted from person to person by the transmission of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Non-communicable diseases are not transmitted by pathogens and are caused by several other indirect factors.
fill in the blank question. a(n) equation represents all the soluble ionic compounds as hydrated (aq) ions.
A(n) total ionic equation represents all the soluble ionic compounds dissociated into ions. both the atoms and the electrical charge must be balanced in the equation.
The total ionic equation include all the ion with spectator ions. total ionic equation contains all the soluble ionic compounds. the net ionic equation only have those species which are taking part in the chemical reaction , excluded the spectator ions. The molecular equation is the balanced chemical equation for the ionic equation.
Thus, A(n) total ionic equation represents all the soluble ionic compounds dissociated into ions. both the atoms and the electrical charge must be balanced in the equation.
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When acid is added to pure water, the ph ___________, and when base is added to pure water, the ph ___________.
When acid is added to pure water, the pH increases, and when base is added to pure water, the pH decreases.
A pH scale is the scale that is used to determine the amount of acidic or basic behavior in an aqueous solution. The pH scale is expressed as negative of the concentration of H⁺ or Hydronium ions. The scale has numeric values from 0 to 14. The solution having a value of 0 to 6 on pH scale will be acidic and solution having value of 8 to 14 will be basic in nature. The solution having value equal to 7 will be neutral. Whenever in an acidic or basic solution water is added, it becomes diluted solution. Adding water in an acidic solution makes the solution loose its acidic nature and moves towards basic nature that is pH increases and adding water in basic solution makes solution loose its basic nature and move towards acidic nature that is pH decreases.
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An equilibrium constant of acid-base chemistry that is greater than 1 is recovered from?.
An equilibrium constant of acid-base chemistry that is greater than 1 is products than reactants at equilibrium.
At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal, resulting in constant concentrations for all of the chemicals. Given that, it seems sense that the ratio of concentration for any given reaction at equilibrium will always keep a constant value. The ratio of the mathematical product of a reaction's products to that of the concentrations of its reactants is known as the equilibrium constant (Keq). The balanced chemical equation raises each concentration to the power of its corresponding coefficient. K=1 when equilibrium attains.
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explain how a difference in temperature effects the pressure of oxygen gas, the volume of water displaced and the experimental molar volume of o2 gas.
A gas's volume is inversely related to its pressure and directly related to both its temperature and its volume. The volume of a gas is thought to be directly proportional to its absolute temperature according to Charles' law.
Explain Charle's law.The experimental gas law known as Charles' law, commonly referred to as the law of volumes, illustrates how gases tend to expand when heated. Charles's law can now be expressed as follows:
The Kelvin temperature and the volume will be directly proportional when the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is kept constant.
This direct proportional relationship can be expressed as follows:
V ∝T
It follows that:
[tex]\frac{V}{T} = k[/tex]
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The small, but important, energy differences between 3s, 3p, and 3d orbitals are due mainly to?.
The small, but important, energy differences between 3s, 3p, and 3d orbitals are due mainly to Heinsberg uncertainty principle
The s orbital always has a slightly lower energy than p orbital at the same energy level and so the s orbital always fill with electron before the corresponding p orbital do and the position of the 3d orbital and a small but important differenced between these 3s 3p and 3d are due to the Heinsberg uncertainty principle and their principal quantum numbers ones rule and the numbers of weapons that can hold the penetration effect
And the electron in the 3s orbital is more likely to be close to the nucleus than is an electron in 3p orbital and the electron in 3p orbital in turn has a greater probability of being close to the nucleus than does one 3d orbital
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A pure compound is analyzed by normal phase TLC in four different solvents. Considering Rf values as reported below, which solvent system is most polar?Solvent 1) 0.87,Solvent 2) 0.25Solvent 3) 0.33Solvent 4) 0.78Group of answer choicesSolvent 2Solvent 4Solvent 3Solvent 1
By using four distinct solvents and normal phase TLC, a pure chemical is examined. The most polar solvent system, according to the Rf values listed below, is 0.25 Solvent.
What is Compound price?Today's compound price is $38.56, and there were $16,761,507 in trades during the past 24 hours. In the previous day, the price of COMP increased by 0.9%. A total of 10 million COMP coins are available, with 6.9 million currently in circulation. Coinbase Exchange is now the most active platform if you're trying to purchase or sell compound.
What are the 3 types of compound interest?Weekly Compound Interest Formula is one of several kinds of compound interest formulas. The Compounded Quarterly Formula is used to calculate interest that is compounded monthly 12 times per year.
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a buffer is a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid . a buffer solution [ select ] the point at which a buffer can no longer resist changes in ph in the presence of acid or base is called the [ select ] . what is a valid way to make an ammonia/ammonium buffer for use in the laboratory? mix equal volumes of [ select ]
For the titration between strong acid and weak base equivalence point occurs at ph 6 which is acidic in nature and methyl red is red in pH under 4.4 and yellow in pH over 6.2.
Methyl orange is used as the indication while titrating strong acid and weak base.Methyl Orange is an indicator that's utilized to show where the acid-base titration's equivalence point is.
It turns red in an acidic environment and yellow in a basic one (pH 4.4 and higher).It is made by treating helianthin with sodium hydroxide. Helianthin is produced by mixing N,N-dimethylaniline with diazotized sulphanilic acid.
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Two carbon atoms (group 14) bond with two hydrogen atoms (group 1) to form acetylene (c2h2). How would each carbon atom in acetylene bond?(1 point).
In acetylene, each carbon atom shares one pair of electrons with one hydrogen atom and three pairs of electrons with the other carbon atom.
A carbon atom has four electrons in its outermost shell and needs four electrons to be stable. In acetylene, two carbon atoms are covalently bonded with three electron pairs and the remaining one electron pair is covalently bonded with two hydrogen atoms.
Thus, both carbon and hydrogen atoms gain stability, so in acetylene each carbon atom shares one pair of electrons with a hydrogen atom and shares three pairs of electrons with another carbon atom.
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an element conducts electricity, and its oxidation state in ionic compounds is usually . what is the most likely identity of the element?
Answer:
Copper, silver, aluminum, gold, steel, and brass are common conductors of electricity. The most highly conductive metals are silver, copper, and gold
Explanation:
The most highly conductive metals are silver, copper, and gold.
The elements that conduct electricity, and their oxidation state in ionic compounds. The most likely identity of the element is they are metals.
What are chemical elements?Chemical elements are the pure forms of substances that are present on the earth's surface or crust. There are 180 elements present in a periodic table there, arranged by the rising of their atomic number.
Metals are those elements that are present in the middle of the periodic table. Metals are soft, malleable ductile, and they're used for making many other substances. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
Therefore, the components of ionic compounds that are electrically conductive and their oxidation state. The element's most likely classification is as a metal.
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In the balanced equation, what is the coefficient for the reactant Nb?
Nb + O2 point 2Nb2O5
The coefficient for the reactant Nb in the given reaction is 4.
What is a balanced reaction?A balanced equation contains equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the reaction arrow. To write a balanced equation, reactants go to the left of the arrow and products go to the right of the arrow.
A number that comes before an expression to balance it is called a coefficient, and it multiplies all the atoms in the expression.
To balance the reaction mentioned in the question:
Nb + O₂ → 2Nb₂O₅
Number of Nb atoms on reactant side: 1
Number of Nb atoms on product side: 2 × 2 = 4
Number of O atoms on reactant side: 2
Number of O atoms on product side: 5 × 2 = 10
For the balanced reaction increase the Nb atom to 4 on reactant side and increase the O₂ to 5. So, the reaction will be:
4Nb + 5O₂ → 2Nb₂O₅
Now according to the balanced reaction the coefficient for the reactant Nb is 4
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An object with mass m is attached to the end of a string and is raised vertically at a constant acceleration of g 6. If it has been raised a distance l from rest, how much work has been done by the tension in the string?.
11/10 MgL work has been done by the tension in the string. If the object has been raised a distance l from rest.
Define work done?The definition of work is expanded so that it encompasses both the forces applied to the body and the overall displacement of the body. A constant force F is present before this block. The objective of this force is to move the body d meters in a straight line in the force's direction.
Given,
Mass of object, M
Acceleration of object, a = g/10
Distance covered vertically, L
Tension of string, T
Work done by tension in string, W
W = T × L
By applying equilibrium force on string,
T - Mg = Ma
g = gravitational acceleration
T - Mg = M (g/10)
T = M(g/10) + Mg
T = 11/10 Mg
By substituting the value in, W = T × L
W = 11/10 Mg × L
W = 11/10 MgL
∴ Work done by tension is 11/10 MgL.
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When ionic crystals dissolve in water, they dissociate into ions. Name the ions in each solution before they react
The hydrated ions are free to move around when ionic salts dissociate in aqueous solutions. Their movement, however, is random, and there is no charge.
How do ions react with each other?After separating a solid substance into its ions, the ions are ready for reactions. When a compound is solid, the ions are held together by electrostatic attractions. To allow ions to move freely, it must first be dissolved in solution. Consider the reaction between sodium chloride and silver nitrate. Both of these compounds are commonly available in solid form. First, you would dissolve both solids in a solution, in this case water. (See Equations 1 and 2)
AgNO3(s)→Ag+(aq)+NO3−(aq)(Equation 1) (Equation 1)NaCl(s)→Na+(aq)+Cl−(aq)(Equation 2) (Equation 2)Once the solid has dissolved and separated into its ions in solution, these ions are ready to react in the chemical reaction (Equation 3).
AgNO3(aq)+NaCl(aq)→AgCl(s)+NaNO3(aq)(Equation 3) (Equation 3)Keep in mind that the AgNO3(aq) and NaCl(aq) reactants demonstrate that the ions are in solution. In other words, AgNO3(aq) is the same as Ag+(aq)+NO3(aq), and NaCl(aq) is the same as Na+(aq)+Cl (aq). The equation in Equation 3 represents a double displacement reaction, which means that cations in the reactants exchange anions to form the products. A precipitate is formed in the laboratory that we identify as silver chloride.
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If we compare a mole of carbon atoms to a mole of oxygen atoms, which sample will contain more atoms?.
Since 1 mole of any element contains 6.0221023 atoms, a mole of carbon and a mole of oxygen will have the same number of atoms.
Is a mole of oxygen equivalent to a mole of carbon?Answer and justification The molar mass of carbon differs from the molar mass of oxygen, hence this assertion is untrue. As a result, one mole of oxygen and one mole of carbon cannot have the same mass.
What kind of link unites carbon and oxygen?A polar covalent link between carbon and oxygen is known as a carbon-oxygen bond. With six valence electrons, oxygen likes to either share two of them in a bond with carbon, leaving the remaining four unoccupied.
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What is the estimated effective nuclear charge, zeff, experienced by an electron in a 3p orbital of a chlorine atom?.
Therefore, +17 + (-10) = +7 is the effective nuclear charge. Simply counting the number of electrons in the outer shell—without applying any charges—will get the same result. That would be the 3s2 3p5 for Cl, where 2 + 5 = 7.
Use the formula Zeff = Z - S, where Z is the atomic number and S is the number of shielding electrons, to calculate the effective nuclear charge of an atom. By deducting the number of valence electrons from the total number of electrons in the atom or ion, one can calculate the number of shielding electrons. Effective nuclear charge (Zeff) is an atom's net positive charge that attracts an electron. The closest estimate of this net charge is. Effective nuclear charge (Zeff) is calculated as Z minus Zcore.
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Identify each element as an alkali metal transition metal halogen or noble gas explain your answers
Based on the properties of the materials as shown on the table we have;
A - halogens
B - Transition metal
C - Noble gas
D - Metal
What is the kind of material?We know that there are different kinds of materials that exists. The kind of materials can be found by the properties of the materials. For the metals, they are highly conducting materials and they are silvery white.
Transition metals, are colored materials and they are not so reactive like we have in the metals. On the other hand, the noble gases, are unreactive and they are colorless gases.
The halogens are always colored gases that are highly reactive and they are not found free in nature because they are very highly reactive.
Thus the materials, halogens, transition metals, noble gases and metals can be identified by the properties of the materials.
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the reaction of benzaldehyde with acetone and sodium hydroxide produces choose... this is an example of choose... reaction.
The reaction of benzaldehyde with acetone and sodium hydroxide produces this is an example of mixed aldol condensation reaction.
The reaction of benzaldehyde with acetone and sodium hydroxide produces dibenzalacetone. . this is an example of mixed aldol condensation. in mixed aldol condensation molecule of an aldehyde react ketone to form dibenzalacetone. the more reactive is the aldehyde as compared to that of ketone. thats why rapidly reacts with anion of ketone. the formula of dibenzalacetone C₁₇H₁₄O. The two benzaldehyde molecules react with acetone and form dibenzalacetone.
Thus, The reaction of benzaldehyde with acetone and sodium hydroxide produces this is an example of mixed aldol condensation reaction.
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If an atom has 15 protons, 14 neutrons, and 16 electrons, what is the atom's electrical charge? A. -2 B. +1 C. +3 D. -1
The electrical charge of an atom having 15 proton, 14 neutrons and 16 electrons is -1. The correct option is D.
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest unit of any matter which comprises of central nucleus and electrons revolving around the nucleus in definite energy shells. The atom is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons.
The electrical charge of an atom can be calculated as,
Charge of an atom = number of protons - number of electrons
Charge = 15 - 16 = -1.
The neutrons are neutral and do not contribute to the charge, the protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged in an atom.
Therefore, the charge of an atom with 15 protons, 14 neutrons and 16 electrons is -1. The correct answer is option D.
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A 0. 600 g sample of a compound of arsenic and oxygen was found to contain 0. 454 g of arsenic. What is the empirical formula of the compound?.
A 0. 600 g sample of a compound of arsenic and oxygen was found to contain 0. 454 g of arsenic. The empirical formula of a compound is As₂O₃.
The mass of a oxygen in the compound is
Mass of O=(Sample mass-Mass of As)
=(0.600-0.454)g
=0.146 g
The atomic mass of arsenic(As) is 75 g/mol and of oxygen(O) is 16 g/mol. Hence moles of oxygen and arsenic are
Moles of As=0.454 g×(1 mol/78 g)
moles of As=0.006053 mol
Moles of O=0.146 g×(1 mol/16 g)
moles of O=0.009125 mol
Divide both moles by 0.006053 mol
moles of As=(0.006053/0.006053)=1
moles of O=(0.009125/0.006053)=1.508≈1.5
Since we cannot take fractional moles in a compound. Hence multiply by 2 to both values of moles
moles of As=(1×2)=2
moles of O=(1.5×2)=3
Since 2 and 3 are values in the subscript of the As and O. Hence, the empirical formula is As₂O₃.
Therefore, the empirical formula of a compound is As₂O₃.
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What is representation of function example?.
The collection of atoms connected to that same carbon skeleton that frequently dictate the features of an organic molecule is known as even the functional group throughout organic chemistry.
What does "function group" mean?functional group, every one of the countless atom combinations that make up chemical compounds, undergo distinctive reactions, and frequently have an impact on the overall reactivity of each molecule.
How is a function group determined?Mark all heteroatoms, including halogens, in a molecule. Additionally, highlight these carbon atoms: Atoms joined to any heteroatom by a single or triple bond that is not aromatic. All linked indicated atoms in nonaromatic carbon-carbon maybe double triple bonds combine to form a single FG.
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the cd 2 ion forms a tetrahedral complex with bromide ions. calculate the equilibrium constant for the formation of the complex, given that: if the cadmium bromide complex is dissolved in water to make a solution of 1.00 m, once equilibrium has been reached the concentration of free (uncomplexed) cadmium is 0.0593 m.
the cd 2 ion forms a tetrahedral complex with bromide ions Kf = 5.01×103 Formation equilibrium of [CdBr4]2- is Cd2+(aq) + 4Br-(aq) <-------> CdBr42-(aq) Dissociation Equilibrium of CdBr42- is CdBr42-(aq.
What is the Difference Between Square Planar and Tetrahedral Complexes?
Tetrahedral complexes are coordination complexes that have a central metal atom surrounded by four constituent atoms in corners of a tetrahedron.
The structure of square planar and tetrahedral complexes, as well as the characteristics of transition metal complexes, are all well described by crystal field theory. The square planar complexes have a four-tiered crystal field diagram, whereas the tetrahedral complexes have a two-tiered crystal field diagram, which is the main distinction between the two types of complexes.
Additionally, transition metals with electron configurations that finish in d8 have a propensity to create square planar complexes, whereas metals with d0 and d10 have a propensity to form tetrahedral complexes.
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To find the order of a reaction with respect to one reactant, you will monitor the choose. As the choose. Of choose. Is changed.
You must keep track of the change in reaction rate as the reactant's concentration is altered in order to determine the order of a reaction with regard to a single reactant.
How can the order of reaction be determined with regard to each reactant?Adding together the individual orders yields the reaction's overall order. The total order is 2, for instance, if the reaction is first order with regard to both A and B (a = 1 and b = 1).
According to the rate law, the exponent raised by the concentration term for each reactant determines the order of a chemical reaction with regard to that reactant. The sum of the exponents raised for the rate law's concentration terms determines the reaction's overall order.
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Glucose and fructose are both c6h12o6. What is the structural difference between them?.
The structural difference between them is Fructose is a five-membered ring and glucose is a six-membered ring.
Glucose is sugar and fructose is an amino acid. Glucose is a monosaccharide, but fructose is a disaccharide. Glucose is the most common monosaccharide, while fructose is rare in nature. Glucose produces signals that regulate appetite by inducing the release of insulin, whereas fructose affects appetite in this way. No.
Although these sugars are structural isomers of each other, glucose contains an aldehyde functional group and fructose contains a ketone functional group. Fructose changes blood sugar levels much more slowly than glucose and does not appear to affect insulin levels. Unlike glucose which is processed throughout the body, fructose is almost completely metabolized in the liver. Over time, overdose can lead to fatty liver and visceral fat around major organs.
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Why does ionization energy generally increase from left to right across a period?.
Answer:
What is the BEST explanation for why ionization energy generally increases left to right across the periodic table?
D There are more protons as the atomic number increases in a period, increasing the effective nuclear charge.
The statement of option D correctly explains the reason for increase of IE towards right in a period. As the effective nuclear charge increases the electrons are strongly attracted and hence more energy is needed to remove them, hence IE is higher. Thus answer is option D
Most of earths volcanoes are formed by a the interaction of continental plates b the melting of ice on continental plates c meteorites that strike continental plates d water evaporating this is earth science
Most of Earth's volcanoes are formed by the interaction of continental plates.
What is earth sciences?
It is the study of the Earth's structure, properties, processes, and four and a half billion years of biotic evolution.
The movement of faults at plate boundaries can provide a convenient pathway for magma to reach surface. It helps to explain this by looking at three main types of plate boundary:
constructive boundaries (divergent): where plates are moving away from each other as new crust is created between two platesdestructive boundaries (convergent): where plates are moving towards each other and old crust is either dragged down into mantle at a subduction zone or pushed upwards to form mountain rangestransform boundaries (conservative): where plates are moving past each other and crust is neither created nor destroyedConstructive boundaries:
At constructive plate boundaries also known as divergent boundaries, the tectonic plates move away from one another to produce volcanoes. Hot magma rises from mantle at mid-ocean ridges, pushing the plates apartDestructive boundaries:
Volcanoes can form at subduction zones where the tectonic plates are moving towards each other and one plate descends beneath the other
Thus option a is correct answer
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A 0.9295 g Sample of Cobalt Chloride Hydrate is heated until it reaches a constant mass of 0.5976 g. Assume that only water is removed. Calculate the Percent of water.
The percent of water in the cobalt chloride hydrate would be 35.71%
Percent compositionThe percent composition of a component in a compound is the mass of that component relative to the mass of the entire compound. This can be mathematically expressed as:
Percent composition = mass of component/mass of compound x 100%
In order to find the percent water composition in the hydrated salt, the mass of water needs to be obtained.
Mass of the hydrated cobalt chloride sample = 0.9295 g
Mass of the cobalt chloride after removing water = 0.5976 g
Mass of water = mass of hydrated salt - mass of anhydrous salt
= 0.9295 - 0.5976
= 0.3319 g
Thus, percent water composition = 0.3319/0.9295 x 100%
= 35.71%
In other words, the percent of water in the cobalt chloride hydrate is 35.71%.
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Complete each statement on safety precautions when using round bottom flasks. Before using the flask, inspect it for _____________ use _____________ for stability when suspending the flask on a ring stand. Never heat a flask that is ________.
Before using the flask, inspect it for cracks or imperfections. Use a clamp for stability when suspending the flask on a ring stand. Never heat a flask that is closed.
In a laboratory, glassware is the most prevalent item. Kitchen glassware used in homes is very different from laboratory glassware, which is made for specific uses and necessitates careful handling. It's vital to remember that scientific equipment, such as glassware, should only be used in laboratories and should never be utilized outside of the home.
Heat must be added to liquid mixes in decreased temperatures for rotary vacuum evaporators. Apply tape or screen protectors to the flask's spherical bottom to reduce harm from inadvertent breaks. Additionally, the recommended vacuum limitations shouldn't be exceeded.
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how does the atomic structure of a material impact its properties and the way that material functions (I need a paragraph)
Answer:
answer below
Explanation:
The atomic structure primarily affects the chemical, physical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties. The properties of a material offer clues as to the structure of the material. The strength of metals suggests that these atoms are held together by strong bonds.
