RNA polymerase does not require a primer, unlike DNA polymerase. This property differs RNA polymerase from DNA polymerase. So, the correct option is (A).
What is RNA polymerase?
RNA Polymerase is an intermediary and multi-unit enzyme which synthesizes RNA molecules from a template of DNA, this process is called transcription. This is the first step of RNA's genetic information transcription which precedes translation, it is the process of decoding RNA into proteins.
RNA polymerase enzyme is a large complex made up of multiple subunits.
1.The prokaryotic form of RNA polymerase
It has four subunits which transcribe all types of RNA.
2. The eukaryotic form of RNA polymerase
It have eight or more subunits which facilitate the attachment and processing of DNA throughout transcription.
RNA polymerase doesn't require primer for the process like DNA polymerase.
There are three steps in transcription which involves
InitiationElongationTerminationThus, RNA polymerase does not require a primer, unlike DNA polymerase. This property differs RNA polymerase from DNA polymerase. So, the correct option is (A).
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the most widespread sexually transmitted bacterium in the united states is . a. haemophilus ducrevi b. phthirus pubis c. treponema pallidum d. neisseria gonorrhoeae e. chlamydia trachomatis
The most widespread sexually transmitted bacterium in the united states is chlamydia trachomatis.
Chlamydia trachomatis, usually referred to as chlamydia, is a bacterium that reasons chlamydia, that may appear in numerous ways, including: trachoma, lymphogranuloma venereum, nongonococcal urethritis, cervicitis, salpingitis, pelvic inflammatory disease.
The Chlamydia trachomatis bacterium is maximum usually unfold. It's additionally feasible for pregnant ladies to unfold chlamydia to their kids in the course of delivery, inflicting pneumonia or a critical eye contamination withinside the newborns.
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Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?
1. A herd of bison.
2. All the deer, rabbits, and flowers in McLean County.
3. A pride of lions, a herd of water buffalo, the grasses on the Savanna, and the drought
affecting them all.
A pride of lions, a herd of water buffalo, the grasses on the Savanna, and the drought affecting them all is an example of an ecosystem.
What is ecosystem?Ecosystem, the collection of living things, their physical surroundings, and all of their interactions within a certain spatial context.An ecosystem can be divided into its biotic constituents, which include all of its living members, and its abiotic constituents, which include minerals, the environment, soil, water, sunshine, and all other nonliving elements. The movement of energy through the ecosystem and the cycling of nutrients within the ecosystem are the two main forces that bind these components together. Ecosystems come in a variety of sizes; some can fit inside a single water droplet, while others can cover entire landscapes and countries.Radiant energy from the Sun is the primary source of energy in practically all ecosystems.
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sugar plantations in the caribbean caused environmental damage through soil exhaustion and deforestation as well as
Sugar plantations in the Caribbean caused environmental damage through soil exhaustion and deforestation as well as introduction of non-native plants and animals.
Soil exhaustion is the condition when the soil is completely devoid of nutrients and cannot support the further growth of crops in it. Hence it is actually the exhaustion of nutrient from the soil. This causes other side-effects like limitation of food, soil erosion, etc.
Deforestation is the clearing of forests in order to use the land where the forests are present or to utilize the plant parts for commercial use. In recent time, forests are enormously being cleared for farming use, residential purposes or many other reasons.
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There would be no conflict in "The Interlopers" if the men had not done which of the following?
A. If the men had not seen the wolves, there wouldn't have been a conflict.
B. If the men had not gone into the woods, there wouldn't have been a conflict.
C. If the men had not embraced the feud they inherited, there wouldn't have been a conflict.
i accidentally put this in biology
There would be no conflict in "The Interlopers" if the men had not C. If the men had not embraced the feud they inherited, there wouldn't have been a conflict.
What is The Interlopers about?The Interlopers" is a short story about two men who meet in a plot of forest land over which they are feuding, only to become trapped under a fallen tree. They eventually reconcile, but are killed by wolves.
"The Interlopers'" moral is that hatred is destructive. Both men are in the forest in the story due to their mutual hatred. Because of their presence, they are trapped under a tree and eventually killed by wolves.
In conclusion, based on the information, the correct option is C.
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a cross between two pea plants that produce yellow seeds results in 124 offspring: 93 produce yellow seeds and 31 produce green seeds. what are the likely genotypes of the plants that were crossed?
Both Yy are the likely genotypes of the plants that were crossed.
As given here,
Total offspring are= 124;
that produce yellow squash= 93;
that produce green squash= 31;
Let Y for yellow generating squash and y for green squash; Y is dominant over y.
Cross among yellow squash generating plants,
Genotype of parents = Yy and Yy offspring = YY, Yy, Yy and yy, as Y is dominant over y, so YY and Yy all produce yellow squash, and yy produce green squash.
Their phenotypic ratio is 3:1 , as in query 93: 31
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a chromosomal segment that breaks off and attaches to another chromosome is what type of mutation? group of answer choices inversion deletion reciprocal translo
Answer:translocation
Explanation:
write the two dominant allele genotypes, using the capital letter i, and then a superscript for each of them.
A homozygous dominant genotype is characterized by the presence of two dominant alleles for a trait in an organism.
What kinds of alleles are dominant?It is dominant over the gene for blue eyes (B) to have brown eyes (b). This means that if you carry the allele for brown eyes and the allele for blue eyes (Bb), your eyes will be brown. (BB, this also applies if you have two brown eye alleles.)
The two alleles are what?One of two or more variations of the DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a specific genomic location is referred to as an allele. For any given genomic location where such variation exists, an individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent.
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after an extensive forest fire, an affected region of the forest shows signs of ecological succession. place the steps of succession in the correct order.
The steps of succession in a forest that has passed through an extensive forest fire would be secondary succession --> climax community.
What is succession?Ecological succession refers to the gradual replacement that happens to the community of plants and animals in an ecosystem until a relatively unchanging community is achieved.
The gradual replacement of plant and animal communities happens in a series of steps. These are:
Primary succession: when a newly exposed area that has never held any form of life gets colonized. The early colonists are referred to as pioneer species.Secondary succession: when an already existing community of living organisms undergoes a period of disturbance, the kind of succession that resumes is secondary succession.Without disturbance, pioneer species in primary succession gradually get replaced and the succession continues until a stable community, otherwise known as climax community is reached.
Secondary succession also proceeds in the absence of further disturbances until the climax community is achieved.
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late in the day and early in the morning, poly-a polymerase lengthens poly-a tails, thereby increasing translation. at other times, deadenylase shortens poly-a tails and decreases translation.
Controlling assembly of the translation initiation complex.
What is deadenylase?Any enzyme that catalyzes a deadenylation reaction is referred to as a deadenylase (plural deadenylases) in biochemistry.
in bacteria, the coordinated regulation of gene expression.
Gene regulation can happen at any stage of gene expression, but it most frequently happens during transcription (when the data from a gene's DNA is converted to mRNA). Proteins known as transcription factors are activated by signals from the environment or from other cells.
The concept of gene regulation known as Operon Theory was put forth by François Jacob and Jacques Monod. A set of structural genes that have an operator controlling their expression is known as an operon. A regulatory gene's repressor inhibits the transcription of an operon by attaching to the operator.
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Among the organisms listed here, which are thought to be the closest relatives of fungi?.
Slime molds are thought to be the closest relatives of fungi. Both groups of organisms are members of the kingdom Protista, which includes single-celled eukaryotes that lack a cell wall.
Slime molds and fungi are similar in that they both have a mycelium, a network of branched, thread-like cells. Both groups of organisms are also heterotrophs, meaning that they cannot produce their own food and must obtain nutrients from other sources.
Slime molds typically live in moist environments, while fungi are found in a wide range of habitats. Slime molds are often brightly colored, while fungi are typically white or brown. Finally, slime molds typically reproduce asexually, while fungi can reproduce sexually or asexually.
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A) Slime molds
B) Brown algae
C) Animals
D) Mosses
E) Vascular plants
How many exercises encompass stretching in the human body? a. eight b. too many to count c. that depends one each individual d. none
Answer:
b
Explanation:
that is the answer to the question
what fits into the active site of an enzyme based on its shape
Believe it or not_within an ecoytem i not tranferred back and forth between all level
Believe it or not Energy within an ecosystem is not transferred back and forth between all levels.
Chemical energy only flows from the producer to the consumer to the decomposer. You can't go down the food chain. Energy is transferred between organisms in the food web, from producer to consumer. Energy is used by living organisms to perform complex tasks. In ecosystems, matter, and energy move from one form to another.
Matter refers to all living and non-living things present in the environment. Nutrients and organisms are passed from producers to consumers and broken down by decomposers. Decomposers decompose dead plant and animal matter. An ecosystem is a community of living things that interact with each other and with inanimate objects. A very important aspect of an ecosystem is the energy that flows through it.
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Along with the nervous system, the ___ system coordinates the various activities of body parts.
Along with the nervous system, the endocrine system coordinates the various activities of body parts.
Hormones produced by the endocrine system control and regulate a wide range of bodily functions. The endocrine and nervous systems work together to control the function of the other organ systems. Hormones are molecular signals that are produced by endocrine system cells.
Hormones are produced by glands and organs and then released into the bloodstream where they can reach all of the body's tissues and organs. The hormones the endocrine system secretes control a number of important bodily functions, including growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction.
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If you measured the limb and body proportions of mammals that live in the arctic and compared them to measurements of mammals that live in the tropics, what trends would you predict?.
If you measured the limb and body proportions of mammals that live in the arctic and compared them to measurements of mammals that live in the tropics, you would predict that the arctic mammals would have shorter limbs and bodies.
The arctic is a much colder climate than the tropics, and shorter limbs and bodies would help to keep the animals warm. The shorter limbs would minimize the surface area exposed to the cold air, and the shorter body would minimize the amount of heat lost to the environment. The animals would also have a thick coat of fur to protect them from the cold.
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What is the term for a directional position that is farther away from the midline of the body?.
A lateral structure is further from the midline than a medial structure, which can be visualized as the nose and navel.
When referring to relative positioning with respect to the midline, the phrases "medial" and "lateral" are employed .The anatomical term "lateral" describes a structure's position in relation to another structure with respect to distance from the midline or distance from the side of the body. The arm, for instance, is lateral to the trunk.A position that is away from the body's midline is referred to as lateral orientation. For instance, the arms and ears are lateral to the head and the chest, respectively. A medial orientation is a position that faces the body's midline. The eyes, which are medial to the ears on the skull, are an illustration of medial orientation.
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What part of the chromosome is used for protection during cell division and was studied in connection to senescence?.
The telomere, which is employed as protection during cell division and has been researched in relation to senescence, is a component of the chromosome.
A telomere is a region of repeating nucleotide sequences connected to specific proteins at the ends of linear chromosomes. Even though they can have various architectural forms, telomeres are a prevalent genetic trait that is most frequently found in eukaryotes. They safeguard the integrity of linear chromosomes by preventing DNA repair systems from mistaking the very ends of the DNA strand for a double strand break in the majority, if not all, of the species that possess them. They also protect the terminal regions of chromosomal DNA from progressive degradation.
Chromosome ends are shielded from fraying or tangling by telomeres. The telomeres get a little bit shorter every time a cell divides. They eventually get so short that the cell can no longer successfully divide, and the cell then perishes. DNA damage responses (DDRs) are triggered by telomeres that are critically shortened during progressive cell divisions in normal somatic cells, leading to dysfunctional telomeres that result in cellular senescence.
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In what way do volcanic eruptions affect the climate? a. They cause a global temperature increase. b. They cause a global temperature decrease. c. They cause a global precipitation increase. d. They cause a global precipitation decrease.
Answer:
Global cooling - volcanic eruptions Volcanic eruptions can intensify global warming by adding CO2 to the atmosphere. However, of greater significance is the haze effect - caused by ash and gases released during an eruption, which results in global cooling
Answer:
A. They cause a global temperature increase.
Explanation:
This is entirely dependent on a number of factors, however, typically volcanic eruptions would cause a global temperature increase, as volcanoes on eruption typically release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which traps heat in the atmosphere through absorption and re-emits it back towards the earth.
Now, the other answer is correct only partially. Volcanic eruptions does not cause global cooling, but rather a local cooling on the affected areas. Affected areas with volcanic debris such as ash reflects solar radiations and may absorb some of the radiation, leading to the the targeted part of the earth being cooled momentarily. However, this is more temporary, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the air would have a much longer impact in comparison.
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how energy from the sun drives global winds and currents.
Answer:
The sun heats the air, and the warm air rises. This rising warm air makes the cooler air from the surrounding areas come in to replace it. This then creates the wind.
Explanation:
i hope this helps
As of 2005, how many biodiversity hotspots have been identified around the world?
A.
12
B.
24
C.
34
D.
44
As of 2005, the number of biodiversity hotspots which have been identified around the world is 34 and is denoted as option C.
What is Biodiversity?This is referred to as the variety and variability of different forms of life such as plants, animals etc on Earth. Biodiversity hotspot on the other hand is referred to as a biogeographic region in which there is a level of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation.
Human habitation has led to the destruction of the habitat of other organisms due to the construction of houses, hospitals etc on the affected area.
Scientists were able to discover that the number of biodiversity hotspots which have been identified around the world is 34 and is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the correct choice.
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explain which organisms would be negatively affected and why if the Acacia primary producer went extinct.
The organisms that would be negatively affected if the Acacia primary producer went extinct are all organisms of the trophic chain (not only herbivores) because the elimination of producers in the ecosystem will irreversibly alter the community.
What is the specific role of producer organisms in the ecosystem?Producer organisms play a fundamental role in the ecosystem because they sustain all the trophic levels of the chain by providing biomass that is first used by herbivores to sustain this trophic level and then carnivores in the next trophic level.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the specific role of producer organisms in the ecosystem is pivotal in the sense they are providing all biomass that is converted into energy by the next levels in the chain and therefore extinction of these organisms will lead to the collapse of the ecosystem.
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a large rainstorm causes flooding and wipes out 87% of a small population of beetles. the remaining population has much lower genetic variation than the original population, and is not in hardy-weinberg equilibrium. which evolutionary mechanism has most likely acted on this population?
Whether or not they have adaptive value, mutations increase the genetic diversity of a population.
How does genetics work?The examination of genes and heredity, or how particular characteristics or behaviors are carried through offspring to parents as a result of variations in DNA sequence, is known as genetics. A gene is a section of DNA that has the instructions needed to create one or maybe more molecules that support bodily function.
What factors are genetic?A single gene mutation (monogenic disorder), numerous gene mutations (multifactorial inheritance disorder), a mix of gene mutations and environmental variables, or destruction to chromosomal (changes in the number or structure of complete chromosomes) can all result in genetic illnesses.
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Which layer of the intestinal wall contains most of the smooth muscle and controls the majority of intestinal movements?.
The muscular layer of the intestinal wall contains most of the smooth muscle and controls the majority of intestinal movements.
What is muscular layer ?The muscular layer is the muscular region of many organs of the vertebrate body adjacent to the submucosa. Involved in intestinal movements such as peristalsis. Latin tunica muscles can also be used.The muscular layer of the stomach lies just below the serosa and is closely connected with it.It consists of 3 sets of smooth muscle fibers: Vertical, circular, oblique. The three layers of smooth muscle consist of the outer longitudinal muscle, the central circular muscle, and the inner oblique muscle. As these muscles are built, their contents are mixed and broken down into a suspension of nutrients called chyme, which is extruded into the duodenum.The three muscle layers consist of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles. Medially, the fascia of the abdominal muscle joins the anterior and posterior rectus sheaths. Deep in the muscle layer are the transverse fascia and the retroperitoneal space.To learn more about muscular layer from the given link :
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what is the normal resting ph for arterial blood? for muscle? how are these values changed as a result of exhaustive sprint exercise?
Lactic acid production is basically responsible for the change in pH.
What is pH?
The pH scale, which previously stood for "potential of hydrogen," is used to describe how acidic or basic an aqueous solution is. The pH values of acidic solutions are lower than those of basic or alkaline solutions.
The arterial blood pH is 7.4 at rest. It is 7.1 for muscle. During a strenuous sprint workout, muscle glycolysis produces a lot of lactate and H+, which lowers the pH of the muscle to less than 6.7 and the blood pH to around 7.1.
Hence, lactic acid production is basically responsible for the change in pH blood pH drops to 7.1 and muscles drop to 6.7.
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The pia mater is made of ______ that is highly vascularized and tightly adheres to the brain.
The pia mater is made of areolar connective tissue that is highly vascularized and tightly adheres to the brain.
The fragile innermost layer of the meninges—the membranes that wrap the brain and spinal cord—is known as the pia mater, or simply the pia. The dura mater and the arachnoid mater are the other two meningeal membranes. The neural crest gives rise to the pia and arachnoid mater, while embryonic mesoderm gives rise to the dura. The pia mater is a delicate, fibrous tissue that may let water and tiny solutes pass through it. Blood arteries can flow through the pia mater and hydrate the brain. It is suggested that the perivascular region between blood vessels and the pia mater represents a component of the brain's pseudolymphatic system (glymphatic system). Meningitis results from irritation and inflammation of the pia mater.
Pia mater, which covers almost the entire surface of the brain, is the thin, transparent, mesh-like meningeal covering. Only at the median aperture and lateral aperture, which are the ventricles' natural entrances, is it missing. The arachnoid layer is only tangentially connected to the pia, which is firmly attached to the surface of the brain.
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To calculate the rate of growth a population is displaying, you must measure the _________ rate and subtract the ________ rate.
We deduct the death rate from the birth rate to determine the population growth rate.
The percentage change in population size over the course of a year is known as the population growth rate. It is computed by dividing the population size at the beginning of the year by the number of persons who are added to a population in a year (Natural Increase + Net In-Migration).
Population growth is calculated using the birth rate, mortality rate, and migration rate.
Population growth is positive when birth rates are higher than mortality rates, and vice versa.
When a population's birth rate and mortality rate are identical, there is no population increase.
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some caterpillars have barbed hairs that break off when you touch them and can cause a burning sensation. these stinging hairs are more formally known as:
Some caterpillars have barbed hairs that can burn your skin when touched and break off when touched. Urticating's hairs are the more formal name for these stinging hairs.
Some arachnids and insects have urticating's hairs. Because of the barbs on the hairs, they can penetrate the skin of vertebrates. Therefore, they effectively fend off mammalian predators.
Urticating's hairs are another point of human interaction and are utilised to strengthen and protect cocoons.
This arachnid will brush its back legs against its abdomen to release hairs into the air as a defense against prospective predators. The structures, known as urticating hairs, have several barbs that enable them to pierce through ocular and other tissues.
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A type of passive transport which uses special proteins to aid the movement of materials is called.
Facilitated diffusion is a sort of passive transport that speeds up the flow of materials by using specific proteins.
Passive transport is a subset of facilitated diffusion. Because the solution travels down the concentration gradient, assisted diffusion is still passive transport even when it incorporates transport proteins. With the aid of a transport molecule, chemicals may be transported across a biological membrane from a region of greater concentration to an area of lower concentration. Chemical energy isn't directly needed since substances flow in the direction of their concentration gradient. Transport of glucose and amino acids, gases, and ions are a few biological activities that use assisted diffusion. Because it regulates what enters and leaves the cell, facilitated diffusion is important. The cellular component that controls the selective transport of chemicals is the plasma membrane.
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. DNA is double stranded due to interactions between adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, which are
Answer: nucleotides
Explanation:
Molecules called nucleotides, on opposite strands of the DNA double helix, that form chemical bonds with one another. These chemical bonds act like rungs in a ladder and help hold the two strands of DNA together. There are four nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
when the genome of a particular species is said to include 20,000 protein-coding regions, what does this imply? question 2 options: there are also additional genes for rnas other than mrna. the species is highly evolved. there are 20,000 genes. each gene codes for one protein.
In addition to mRNA, there exist genes for additional RNAs. because it contains numerous sections of its DNA that code for proteins.
There may be more genes despite the fact that there are 20,000 nutrient genes. The majority of genomes are made up of coding and non-coding sections, and certain coding regions may also code for items other than proteins. Although this species contains 20,000 genes which code for proteins, the number of proteins in the this species is unknown. Several proteins can be synthesised from a single gene. There is no indication of the remaining genes' nature, therefore they might be code or non-coding genes even though there are 20,000 nutrient areas. It does not necessarily follow that a species is highly developed.
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