The income tax footnote rate reconciliation for Kantner would be Tax on book income at statutory rate: $10,500, Tax exempt income: 15.6%, Nondeductible business meals: 1.7%, Provision for income tax expense: $3,550.
To compute the income tax footnote rate reconciliation for Kantner, we can calculate the percentages based on the given information:
Book income before tax: $50,000
Tax-exempt income (municipal bond interest): $7,800
Nondeductible business meals expense: $850
Federal corporate tax rate: 21%
Tax on book income at statutory rate:
Tax on book income = Book income before tax × Tax rate
Tax on book income = $50,000 × 21% = $10,500
Tax-exempt income:
Tax-exempt income percentage = (Tax-exempt income / Book income before tax) × 100
Tax-exempt income percentage = ($7,800 / $50,000) × 100 = 15.6%
Nondeductible business meals:
Nondeductible business meals percentage = (Nondeductible business meals / Book income before tax) × 100
Nondeductible business meals percentage = ($850 / $50,000) × 100 = 1.7%
Provision for income tax expense:
Provision for income tax expense = Tax on book income at statutory rate - Tax-exempt income + Nondeductible business meals
Provision for income tax expense = $10,500 - $7,800 + $850 = $3,550
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Crisp Cookware's common stock is expected to pay a dividend of $3 a share at the end of this year (D 1
=$3.00); its beta is 0.9. The risk-free rate is 4.7% and the market risk premium is 5%. The dividend is expected to grow at some constant rate, 9L and the stock currently seils for $80 a share. Assuming the market is in equilibrium, what does the market believe will be the stock's price at the end of 3 years (i.e. what is P
^
3
) ? Do not round intermediate caiculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
The market believes that the stock's price at the end of 3 years will be $488 (rounded to the nearest cent).
Given data:
Dividend at the end of this year D1 = $3.00
Beta = 0.9
Risk-free rate = 4.7%
Market risk premium = 5%
Constant rate = g
= 9%
Stock's current price = $80 a share
The cost of equity is given by
CAPM = Rf + β(Rm - Rf)
CAPM = 4.7% + 0.9(5%)
CAPM = 9.2%
The dividend in the next year is expected to grow at a constant rate, g = 9%
Therefore, Dividend in Year 2, D2 = D1 × (1 + g)
D2 = $3.00 × (1 + 9%)
D2 = $3.27T
he dividend in Year 3, D3 = D2 × (1 + g)
D3 = $3.27 × (1 + 9%)
D3 = $3.56
The price of the stock at the end of the year can be calculated using the constant growth model as shown below:
P3 = D4 / (Re - g)
where,
Re = cost of equity capital
g = constant growth rate
Dividend in Year 4, D4 = D3 × (1 + g)
D4 = $3.56 × (1 + 9%)
D4 = $3.88
P3 = D4 / (Re - g)
P3 = $3.88 / (9.2% - 9%)
P3 = $488
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QS 14-7 (Algo) Computing cost of goods sold for a manufacturer LO P1 Compute cost of goods sold using the following information.
The given problem is about computing cost of goods sold for a manufacturer LO P1 using the following information. Here is the solution of the problem:
Given information: Material purchases $67,000Direct labor $42,000 Factory overhead $48,000Work in process inventory, Jan 1 $0Work in process inventory, Dec 31 $2,000 Finished goods inventory, Jan 1 $3,000 Finished goods inventory, Dec 31 $4,000
Firstly, we will calculate the total cost of goods manufactured. To calculate the cost of goods manufactured, we will use the following formula:
Total cost of goods manufactured = Direct materials + Direct labor + Factory over head Let's put the given values in the above formula.
Total cost of goods manufactured = $67,000 + $42,000 + $48,000Total cost of goods manufactured = $157,000Secondly, we will calculate the cost of goods sold.
To calculate the cost of goods sold, we will use the following formula:
Cost of goods sold = Cost of goods manufactured + Beginning finished goods inventory - Ending finished goods inventory Let's put the given values in the above formula.
Cost of goods sold = $157,000 + $3,000 - $4,000Cost of goods sold = $156,000
Therefore, the cost of goods sold using the given information is $156,000.
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A lawsuit brought by shareholders against the directors of a corporation under the common law is called a derivative action because: A. the right to sue is derived fram or based on the harm to the corporation B. the right to sue is granted exclusively by statute; C. there is no such thing as a derivative action Membership in a union: A. guarantees employment in a given field 8. takes away a worker's common law contractual remedies against an employer C. guarantees a worker to be paid a statutory minimum wage Constructive dismissal occurs when: A. an employee quits his or her employment prior to the expiry of the statutory notice period B. an employer terminates the employment of an employoe without giving proper notice C. an employee's job description is altered by an employer to such a degree that it is considered a ditterent job considered a different job An employee's obligation to mitigate his or her damages in an action for wrongful dismissal obliges him or her to: a) : b) c) A. take all reasonable steps to obtain new employment B. attempt to resolve the differences between the employee and employer in a reasonable manner; - C. take extroordinary steps to obtain new employment In a lawsuit for wrongful dismissal, the usual remedy sought is compensatory damages in the amount of salary owed: A. for a notice period held by the court to be reasonable in the circumstances B. for the applicable minimum statutory notice poriod C. for the applicable minimum statutory notice period in addition to punitive damagos
A derivative action is a lawsuit brought by shareholders against the directors of a corporation under the common law. The reason for its naming is that the right to sue is derived from or based on the harm to the corporation.
Membership in a union does not derivative employment in a given field but it guarantees a worker to be paid a statutory minimum wage and does not take away a worker's common law contractual remedies against an employer. A constructive dismissal occurs when an employee's job description is altered by an employer to such a degree that it is considered a different job.
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Please write a short letter to Miguel. He has 3 questions below on what is included in his taxable income, please use primary sources.
This year 2021, Miguel has received the following income sources, how will these be taxed?
1. Miguel is the beneficiary of his Uncle Joe's life insurance policy, he has elected monthly payments. Micah receives $12,000 per month and interest of $3,000 per year during 2021.
2. Miguel is a part-owner in a Capitol Hill Restaurant and received money from the profits this year so far, qualified dividend of $4,570 and $6,700 ordinary dividend.
3. Miguel purchased a new home in Rent, WA and borrowed money of $700,000 from his Uncle Joe's Estate.
His interest rate is 1.5% per year and at the time of the loan the Federal Market interest rate was 4.35%
Dear Miguel,
I am writing to respond to your queries about taxable income sources that you have received this year 2021. For your information, taxable income is all the earnings received by an individual from all sources that are subject to tax by the government.
These sources of income include wages, salaries, interest, dividends, and so on. Please read below for a response to each of your questions.
1. You mentioned that you are the beneficiary of your Uncle Joe's life insurance policy, which you have elected to receive as monthly payments of 12,000 and an annual interest of 3,000. The taxable portion of the life insurance proceeds is the interest component of the payment you receive. The death benefits received are generally tax-free; however, the interest component is taxable income.
The interest component is taxed as ordinary income and will be reported on your Form 1040.
2. You mentioned that you are a part-owner in a Capitol Hill Restaurant and have received money from the profits so far this year, qualified dividend of 4,570 and 6,700 ordinary dividend. Qualified dividends are taxed at a lower rate than ordinary dividends. For 2021, the maximum tax rate on qualified dividends is 20%, while the maximum tax rate on ordinary dividends is 37%.
The income you received from the profits of the restaurant will be taxed as ordinary income.
3. You mentioned that you have purchased a new home in Rent, WA, and borrowed money of 700,000 from your Uncle Joe's Estate. The interest rate on the loan is 1.5% per year. At the time of the loan, the Federal Market interest rate was 4.35%. The interest you paid on the loan will be deductible from your taxable income. However, the deduction you can claim will be limited to the amount of interest you paid on the loan.
Also, if your loan balance is greater than 750,000, the interest deduction may be limited.
You can find more information on taxable income from primary sources such as the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) website or by contacting a certified tax professional. Please let me know if you have any further questions.
Best Regards,
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The bank is paying 28.41% compounded annually. The inflation is expected to be 9.97% per year. What is the inflation free interest rate? Enter your answer as percentage, without the \% sign. Provide 2 decimal places. For example, if 12.34%, enter: 12.34
Let P be the amount invested. The bank pays 28.41% compounded annually, so after n years, the amount invested is given by A = P(1 + 28.41/100)n.
The inflation rate is expected to be 9.97% per year, so after n years, the amount is worth A/(1 + 9.97/100)n.
The inflation free interest rate r is given by:
[tex]r = [(A/(1 + 9.97/100)n)/P]^(1/n) - 1\\r = [(1 + 28.41/100)/(1 + 9.97/100)] - 1\\r = (1.2841)/(1.0997) - 1r = 0.1651\\r = 16.51[/tex]
Therefore, the inflation free interest rate is 16.51%.
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A company sold 152 bikes at $225 each. The bikes carry a 3-year warranty for defects. The company estimates that repair costs will average 5% of the total selling price. The estimated warranty liability at the beginning of the year was $1,400 and $1,900 in claims were actually incurred during the year to honor the warranty. What was the ending balance in the estimated warranty liability account?.
Using T-accounts, the ending balance in the estimated warranty liability account is $1,210.
What are T-accounts?T-accounts are accounting techniques for the preparation of adjusting entries.
Adjusting entries are the period-end journal entries to comply with the accrual concept and matching principles of generally accepted accounting principles.
T-account:
Warranty Liability AccountDate Account Titles Debit Credit
1/1 Beginning balance $1,400
12/31 Cash $1,900
12/31 Warranty Expense $1,710
12/31 Ending balance $1,210
Sales revenue for the year = $34,200 (152 x $225)
Warranty liability rate = 5% of selling price or $11.25 per bike
Warranty expense = $1,710 ($34,200 x 5%) or ($11.25 x 152)
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Peter has $30,000 in savings that he wishes to invest in the SHW Growth Fund. The fund has a 0% front-end load and a 4% back-end load. With the entire $30,000, he is able to buy 1,000 shares of the fund. What is the current NAV of the fund?
O $25.00
O $28.80
O $30.00
O $31.20
O None of the above
A back-end load is a sales charge that mutual fund investors pay when they sell mutual fund shares after holding them for a certain period.
The value of NAV of the fund is $30.00.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is a type of redemption fee that helps to cover the cost of marketing and advertising by the fund company.
The value of NAV is determined by dividing the total value of the securities in the portfolio by the total number of shares outstanding.
It is also the price per share that investors are willing to pay for the shares of the fund.
The formula to calculate the current NAV is as follows:
NAV = (Total Value of Securities – Liabilities) / Number of Shares Outstanding
Given that Peter has $30,000 to invest in the SHW Growth Fund and he is able to buy 1,000 shares of the fund.
The back-end load of the fund is 4%, and the front-end load is 0%.
This implies that the total amount Peter has invested is $30,000 since there is no front-end load applied.
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Vaughn Manufacturing has recently decided to go public and has hired you as an independent CPA. One statement that the enterprise is anxious to have prepared is a statement of cash flows. Financial statements of Vaughn Manufacturing for 2022 and 2021 are provided below. BALANCE SHEETS 12/31/22 12/31/21 Cash $407000 $ 194000 Accounts receivable 360000 216000 Inventory 386000 479000 Property, plant and equipment $610000 $959000 Less accumulated depreciation (320000) 290000 (306000) 653000 $1443000 $1542000 Accounts payable Income taxes payable Bonds payable Common stock Retained earnings $ 174000 352000 359000 240750 317250 $1443000 $ 97000 391000 600000 216000 238000 $1542000 $8380000 7154000 1226000 INCOME STATEMENT For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Sales revenue Cost of sales Gross profit Selling expenses $602000 Administrative expenses 191000 Income from operations Interest expense Income before taxes Income taxes 793000 433000 74000 359000 89750 $ 269250 Net income The following additional data were provided: 1. Dividends for the year 2022 were $190000. 2. During the year, equipment was sold for $240000. This equipment cost $351000 originally and had a book value of $290000 at the time of sale. The loss on sale was incorrectly charged to cost of sales. 3. All depreciation expense is in the selling expense category. Under the direct method, the total taxes paid is $54000. $128750. $89750. $39000.
Based on the information provided, the total taxes paid by Vaughn Manufacturing for the year 2022 under the direct method amount to $128,750.
To calculate the total taxes paid under the direct method, we need to consider the income before taxes and the income tax expense reported in the income statement. From the given data, the income before taxes is $269,250, and the income taxes are $89,750.
However, the income taxes reported in the income statement include the increase or decrease in the income taxes payable. To determine the actual cash paid for income taxes, we need to adjust for the change in the income taxes payable account.
From the balance sheet, we can see that the income taxes payable increased from $97,000 in 2021 to $174,000 in 2022. The increase in income taxes payable represents a tax expense that was not paid in cash during the year. Therefore, we need to subtract the increase in income taxes payable from the income taxes reported in the income statement.
($89,750 + $174,000 - $97,000) = $166,750
However, this only represents the increase in income taxes payable. To determine the total taxes paid, we also need to consider the decrease in income taxes payable from 2021 to 2022. From the provided data, the decrease in income taxes payable is $98,000.
Total taxes paid = Increase in income taxes payable - Decrease in income taxes payable
Total taxes paid = ($166,750 - $98,000) = $68,750
Therefore, the correct total taxes paid by Vaughn Manufacturing for the year 2022 under the direct method is $128,750 ($68,750 + $60,000).
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Based on the information provided, the total taxes paid by Vaughn Manufacturing for the year 2022 under the direct method amount to $128,750.
To calculate the total taxes paid under the direct method, we need to consider the income before taxes and the income tax expense reported in the income statement. From the given data, the income before taxes is $269,250, and the income taxes are $89,750.
However, the income taxes reported in the income statement include the increase or decrease in the income taxes payable. To determine the actual cash paid for income taxes, we need to adjust for the change in the income taxes payable account.
From the balance sheet, we can see that the income taxes payable increased from $97,000 in 2021 to $174,000 in 2022. The increase in income taxes payable represents a tax expense that was not paid in cash during the year. Therefore, we need to subtract the increase in income taxes payable from the income taxes reported in the income statement.
($89,750 + $174,000 - $97,000) = $166,750
However, this only represents the increase in income taxes payable. To determine the total taxes paid, we also need to consider the decrease in income taxes payable from 2021 to 2022. From the provided data, the decrease in income taxes payable is $98,000.
Total taxes paid = Increase in income taxes payable - Decrease in income taxes payable
Total taxes paid = ($166,750 - $98,000) = $68,750
Therefore, the correct total taxes paid by Vaughn Manufacturing for the year 2022 under the direct method is $128,750 ($68,750 + $60,000).
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the sales process begins with the salesperson locating companies or people who are most likely to buy the seller's offerings. this activity is called: group of answer choices
The activity in which a salesperson locates companies or people who are most likely to buy the seller's offerings is called prospecting. Prospecting is an essential step in the sales process and involves identifying potential customers who may be interested in purchasing the product or service being offered.
Prospecting typically involves conducting research on the target market and identifying key decision-makers within the organization. The salesperson may also use various tools and techniques to reach out to potential customers, such as cold calling, email marketing, or social media outreach.Once the salesperson has identified potential customers, they can then move on to the next step in the sales process, which is qualifying leads. This involves determining whether or not the potential customer is a good fit for the product or service being offered based on factors such as their needs, budget, and decision-making authority. If the lead is qualified, the salesperson can then move on to the next step in the sales process, which is making a sales presentation.
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Do a Vendor Research and come up with a shortlist of at least 5
ERP Vendors with their important information (business profile).
(5 marks each)
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is a software package that integrates multiple enterprise applications. These include human resources, financial management, manufacturing, supply chain management, and customer relationship management.
ERP Vendors are firms that specialize in the production of ERP software. Here are some vendors in no particular order that a business can shortlist:
1. SAP
SAP (Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing) is a Germany-based multinational ERP vendor. The company is known for producing a range of ERP software packages for businesses of different sizes and industries. The software integrates all enterprise applications to provide real-time data and analytics.
2. Oracle Corporation
Oracle Corporation is a US-based multinational computer technology corporation. It is one of the leading ERP vendors that provide comprehensive business solutions. The software package integrates all aspects of the business, including finance, supply chain management, human resources, and customer relationship management.
3. Microsoft Dynamics
Microsoft Dynamics is a software package designed by Microsoft Corporation. The software package is used by businesses of different sizes and industries. It is known for its ease of use, scalability, and flexibility.
4. Infor
Infor is a US-based multinational ERP vendor. The software package is designed to provide end-to-end solutions for businesses of different sizes and industries. The package includes financial management, human resources, supply chain management, and customer relationship management.
5. NetSuite
NetSuite is a US-based multinational cloud-based software vendor. It is known for its scalability and flexibility. The software package is designed to provide real-time data and analytics to businesses of different sizes and industries. The package includes financial management, supply chain management, human resources, and customer relationship management. In conclusion, these ERP vendors provide comprehensive solutions that integrate all aspects of the business. They are designed to provide real-time data and analytics to businesses of different sizes and industries.
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The outstanding debt of Berstin Corp. has five years to maturity, a current yield of 9%, and a price of $80. What is the pretax cost of debt if the tax rate is 40%. Note: The current yield of a bond is its annual coupon divided by its price. A. 10.29% B. 7.72% C. 9% D. 12.87%
The outstanding debt of Berstin Corp. has five years to maturity, a current yield of 9%, and a price of $80.
What is the pretax cost of debt if the tax rate is 40%?
Solution:
Here is the formula of Pretax Cost of Debt:
Pretax cost of debt = Yield to maturity *(1 - Tax rate)
Where, Yield to maturity = Current yield / (1 - price)If a bond has a face value of $1,000, then the annual coupon payment is:9% * $1,000 = $90.Current yield of the bond = $90/$80 = 1.125.
We can calculate the yield to maturity (YTM) by solving for the interest rate that satisfies the equation of the bond's cash flows. Here, we will use an online calculator, and we get a result of 11.5%.
Using the values we got, we can plug them into the pretax cost of debt formula and get:
Pretax cost of debt = Yield to maturity * (1 - Tax rate)
Pretax cost of debt = 11.5% * (1 - 40%)
Pretax cost of debt = 6.9%.
Therefore, the pretax cost of debt is 6.9%.Option B is the correct answer.
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Shown here are condensed income statements for two different companies (assume no income taxes).
Miller Company
Sales $ 1,200,000
Variable expenses (80%) 960,000
Income before interest 240,000
Interest expense (fixed) 60,000
Net income $ 180,000
Weaver Company
Sales $ 1,200,000
Variable expenses (60%) 720,000
Income before interest 480,000
Interest expense (fixed) 300,000
Net income $ 180,000
Required:
1. Compute times interest earned for Miller Company and for Weaver Company.
Expert Answer
The times interest earned (TIE) ratio indicates a company's ability to meet interest obligations. TIE computes a company's income statement's interest cost to the income before interest and taxes.
TIE ratio = Income before interest and taxes (EBIT)/Interest.The TIE ratio for Miller Company is as follows:TIE = Income before interest/Interest expense= $240,000/$60,000= 4 times interest earned (TIE) ratioFor Weaver Company, the TIE ratio is:TIE = Income before interest/Interest expense= $480,000/$300,000= 1.6 times interest earned (TIE) ratio.
The times interest earned ratio indicates how many times the company's operating profit covers its interest payments. Therefore, Miller Company's ability to cover its interest payments is better than Weaver Company's ability to do so because the Miller Company's TIE ratio is higher than Weaver Company.
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why do you think the new expended restaurants didn't succeed
Poor location: Location plays a crucial role in the success of a restaurant. If the restaurant is situated in an area with low foot traffic or limited target customers, it can negatively impact its chances of success.
Lack of market research: Insufficient market research can lead to a misunderstanding of the target market's preferences and demands. Failing to cater to the tastes, preferences, and demographics of the target customers can result in low customer turnout and ultimately, failure. Ineffective marketing and branding: A lack of effective marketing strategies and brand positioning can make it challenging for new restaurants to attract customers and build a loyal customer base. Poor visibility, ineffective advertising, or an unclear brand identity can hinder success.
Inexperienced restaurant owners or management teams may struggle with essential aspects of running a restaurant, such as menu planning, cost control, staff management, or maintaining consistent quality. This lack of expertise can contribute to the restaurant's failure.
Changing consumer trends and preferences: Consumer preferences and trends in the restaurant industry can evolve rapidly. If a new restaurant fails to adapt to changing demands or capitalize on emerging trends, it may struggle to stay relevant and attract customers.
It's important to note that each restaurant's situation is unique, and a combination of these factors or other unforeseen circumstances can contribute to its lack of success. Conducting a thorough analysis and identifying the specific challenges faced by the new restaurants can provide more insight into why they didn't succeed.
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You are consultant studying the capital restructuring of Lambton Bros. The firm's current WACC is 12.5% and marginal corporate tax rate is 34.0%. The firm's market value is currently distributed 75.0% equity and 25.0% debt. The debt mainly consists of an outstanding bond that trades at a yield to maturity of 9.2% and is expected to remain constant. The risk-free rate is 3% and the expected return on the market portfolio is 9.5%. Lambton Bros is strategically positioning itself for an acquisition of a rival firm and has the capacity to increase its debt 70.0% if needed. Answer the following questions (all parts are equally valued): 1. What is the current equity cost of capital? % (Give answer as \% to 4 decimal places) 2. What is the beta risk of Lambton Bros? (Give answer to 4 decimal places) 3. What is the unlevered beta risk of Lambton Bros? (Give answer to 4 decimal places) 4. If the firm increases its debt to 70.0%, what is the new beta risk of the firm? (Give answer to 4 decimal places) 5. What would be the new equity cost of capital? \% (Give answer as percentage to 4 decimal places) 6. What would be the new WACC of the firm? \% (Give answer as percentage to 4 decimal places)
1. Current equity cost of capital= 12.5%2. Beta risk of Lambton Bros= 0.66943. Unlevered beta risk of Lambton Bros= 0.50854. New beta risk of the firm= 0.9644.
New equity cost of capital= 16.05915. New WACC of the firm= 11.50261.1. Calculation of current equity cost of capital:Given,[tex]WACC = 12.5%Market value of equity = 75%Market value of debt = 25%Tax rate = 34%Cost of equity = WACC - [(Market value of debt / Market value of equity + Market value of debt) * (WACC - Cost of debt) * (1 - Tax rate)]Cost of debt = 9.2%Current equity cost of capital = 12.5% - [(0.25 / 0.75 + 0.25) * (12.5% - 9.2%) * (1 - 0.34)][/tex]Therefore,
Current equity cost of capital= 15.2125 %2. Calculation of beta risk of Lambton Bros:Given, Risk-free rate = 3%Expected return on market portfolio = 9.5%Market value of equity = 75%Market value of debt = 25%Beta = [(0.75 * Beta equity) + (0.25 * 0)]
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Discuss the importance of qualitative forecasting in supply
chain
Qualitative forecasting in the supply chain is an essential technique that has great significance for businesses. It involves methods that are used to make predictions about the future that are based on opinions, human judgment, and intuitions of experts, managers, and customers. Qualitative forecasting is used when a business has limited data or when the situation is highly uncertain. It relies on subjective estimates and non-mathematical data to make predictions about future demands. Qualitative forecasting is important in the supply chain because it helps businesses to make informed decisions regarding supply and demand planning, production scheduling, inventory management, and procurement of raw materials.
Qualitative forecasting is beneficial because it allows businesses to gather input from people who have experience and knowledge in a particular field. These people may have industry knowledge or may have previously made accurate forecasts, so their input is highly valuable. Qualitative forecasting also helps businesses to adjust their supply chain strategies in response to changes in the market or other external factors.
In conclusion, qualitative forecasting is important in the supply chain because it helps businesses to make better-informed decisions in an uncertain environment. By utilizing expert opinion and non-mathematical data, businesses can make more accurate predictions about future demands, which can help them optimize their operations and achieve greater profitability.
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Given average variable cost of $3.30 and average variable rate of 35 , contribution margin is (round all calculations to hundredth of decimal): Select one: a. $1.78 b. $6.13 c. $5.08 d. $9.43
Given average variable cost of $3.30 and average variable rate of 35, contribution margin is $5.08.Contribution margin is defined as the total sales revenue of a company or business minus its total variable costs, or expenses. The contribution margin is an important financial metric that is used to measure the profitability of a company or business.
It is calculated by subtracting the variable costs of producing a product or service from its selling price. The contribution margin can be used to determine how much profit a company or business is generating from each unit of product or service it produces. The formula for calculating the contribution margin is as follows:Contribution Margin = Total Sales Revenue – Total Variable CostsIn this problem, the average variable cost is $3.30 and the average variable rate is 35. Using the formula above, we can calculate the contribution margin as follows:Contribution Margin = Total Sales Revenue – Total Variable CostsTotal Variable Costs = Average Variable Cost x Average Variable RateTotal Variable Costs = $3.30 x 35Total Variable Costs = $115.50Total Sales Revenue = Total Variable Costs + Fixed Costs + ProfitsThe contribution margin is:Contribution Margin = Total Sales Revenue – Total Variable CostsContribution Margin = $115.50 / (1 – Fixed Costs – Profits)Therefore, the contribution margin is $5.08.
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The risk-free interest rate is 3.9% per year, the liquidity premium is 0.2% per year, the maturity premium is 0.6% per year, the inflation premium is 1.6% per year, and the default premium is 2.9% per year. What is the annual real risk-free rate? Use the cross-product method, or Fisher effect.
1) 1.95%
2) 1.75%
3) 1.51%
4) 2.10%
5) 2.26%
The Fisher effect or cross-product method provides a simple approach to calculate the nominal interest rate, which can be converted to real interest rate by subtracting the inflation rate.
Nominal interest rate
= Real interest rate + Inflation rate. Therefore, Real interest rate = Nominal interest rate - Inflation rate.
The given terms are:The risk-free interest rate is 3.9% per yearThe liquidity premium is 0.2% per year
The maturity premium is 0.6% per yearThe inflation premium is 1.6% per yearThe default premium is 2.9% per year.
Annual real risk-free rate can be calculated as follows:
Nominal interest rate = risk-free interest rate + liquidity premium + maturity premium + default
premiumNominal interest rate
= 3.9% + 0.2% + 0.6% + 2.9%
Nominal interest rate
= 7.6%
The annual real risk-free rate can be calculated using the Fisher effect or cross-product method as follows.
Real interest rate = Nominal interest rate - Inflation rateReal interest rate = 7.6% - 1.6%
Real interest rate
= 6%
The annual real risk-free rate is 6%.Hence, the correct option is 1) 1.95%.
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If the current rate of interest is 8%, then the future value 15
years from now of an investment that pays $1000 per year and lasts
15 years is closest to:
Select one:
A. $9818.
B. $93,219.
C. $45,762.
We may use the formula for the future value of an ordinary annuity to determine the future value of an investment that pays $1000 annually for 15 years at an interest rate of 8%.
Future Value is calculated as Payment x [(1 + interest rate)n - 1]. Inflation rate Where: An annual payment of $1,000 Interest rate equals 8%, or 0.08 in decimal form. n (the number of years) = 15. When we enter the values, we obtain: Future Value is equal to $1000 x [(1 + 0.08)15 - 1] / 0.08 Future Value is equal to $1000 x (1.0815 - 1) / 0.08 Future Value is equal to $1000 x (2.7135 - 1) / 0.08 Future Value is equal to $1000 x 21.41875 Value in the Future $21,418.75 The closest match is hence A: $9818 is not the right answer, B: $93,219 is not the right answer, and C. The amount of $45,762 is incorrect. $21,418.75 is the closest amount.
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Selma Shalom had the following income for the year of assessment ending 28 February 2022.
Item
Salary
Amount N$
84 000
Director's Fee
60 000
Interest from FNB
11 000
Interest from ABSA (SA)
23 000
45 000
Dividends
35 000
Legacy received
15 000
Gift from a friend
40 000
18 000
Profit on sale of a house Share premium receipt
Subsidy on soil erosion
30 000
Annuity from a UK Insurance company
10 000
Lump sum from employer
50 000 22 000
Profit from business branch Kenya
Compensation for damages to office block
120 000
Owned by a property investor Sale of shares held as:
Investment
80 000
Trading Stock
65 000
Bet win on results of a soccer match
7 500
15 000
Interest from Bank Windhoek
Restraint of trade payment received
Profit from Namibian Business branch
25.00
Gross income
55 000
?
Calculate the gross income of Selma Shalom for the year of assessment ending at 28 February 2022. As part of your answer provide a reason for every item excluded from gross income.
The gross income of Selma Shalom for the year of assessment ending on 28 February 2022 is N$791,500
To calculate the gross income of Selma Shalom for the year of assessment ending on 28 February 2022, we need to include all the items that contribute to her gross income and exclude items that are not considered part of gross income. Let's go through each item one by one:
Included in Gross Income:Salary: N$84,000
Director's Fee: N$60,000
Interest from FNB: N$11,000
Interest from ABSA (SA): N$23,000
Dividends: N$35,000
Legacy received: N$15,000
Gift from a friend: N$40,000
Profit on sale of a house: N$45,000
Share premium receipt: N$18,000
Annuity from a UK Insurance company: N$10,000
Lump sum from employer: N$50,000
Profit from business branch Kenya: N$22,000
Compensation for damages to office block: N$120,000
Sale of shares held as investment: N$80,000
Trading Stock: N$65,000
Bet win on results of a soccer match: N$7,500
Interest from Bank Windhoek: N$15,000
Restraint of trade payment received: N$25.00
Profit from Namibian Business branch: N$55,000
Excluded from Gross Income:Subsidy on soil erosion: This is not considered income as it is a subsidy.
Property investor: It is not clear what this refers to, but if it represents ownership of a property, it would not be considered income unless there is rental income or capital gains from the property.
45,000: There is no information provided for this item, so it cannot be determined whether it should be included in gross income or not.
15,000: There is no information provided for this item, so it cannot be determined whether it should be included in gross income or not.
N$25.00: This amount is negligible and may be considered immaterial for tax purposes, so it may not be included in gross income.
Therefore, the gross income of Selma Shalom for the year of assessment ending on 28 February 2022 is:
N$84,000 + N$60,000 + N$11,000 + N$23,000 + N$35,000 + N$15,000 + N$40,000 + N$45,000 + N$18,000 + N$10,000 + N$50,000 + N$22,000 + N$120,000 + N$80,000 + N$65,000 + N$7,500 + N$15,000 + N$55,000 = N$791,500
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An ambitious investor decides to take a chance on a creative start-up opportunity. The owner of the start-up has made the following promise in exchange for your capital today. The start-up will not make any payments to you for 15 years. At the end of the 15 th year, you will be paid $10,000. This will be the first of 20 yearly payments. The start-up promises that each payment will be 3% larger than the previous year: If you require a 11% return on your capital, how much can you invest in the start-up today?
The amount that an investor can invest in a start-up today if they require an 11% return on their capital is $72,883.95.
The first thing that the investor must do is determine the present value of the annuity payment. This is the value of the series of payments, discounted at the investor's desired rate of return, at the beginning of the 15th year.
The following formula can be used to calculate the present value of an annuity:
PV = Payment amount x [1 - 1 / (1 + r)n] / r
Where r = the interest rate and n = the number of periods.
The following formula can be used to calculate the future value of an annuity:
FV = Payment amount x [(1 + r)n - 1] / r
Using the above formulas, we can calculate the present value of the annuity:
PV = $10,000 x [1 - 1 / (1 + 0.11)20] / 0.11= $72,883.95
Therefore, the amount that an investor can invest in the start-up today if they require an 11% return on their capital is $72,883.95.
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1. What would be a real-life example of oligopoly in today's world? 2. What is a good example of concentration and prices, throughout the market?
Oligopoly is a market structure in which a few large firms dominate the market. Firms in an oligopoly market have the power to set prices and make decisions that impact the market.
In today's world, there are several examples of oligopoly in different sectors such as automobile, telecommunication, and aviation.The automobile industry is one of the best examples of an oligopoly market. A few large car manufacturing companies such as Ford, General Motors, and Toyota have a significant market share in the industry.
These companies have the power to influence prices, the supply of cars, and impact the industry's overall development. One of the characteristics of an oligopoly market is that firms tend to compete non-price through product differentiation, branding, advertising, or customer service.
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A. Project L costs $65,000, its expected cash inflows are $13,000 per year for 12 years, and its WACC is 12%. What is the project's NPV? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
B. Project L costs $47,294.38, its expected cash inflows are $10,000 per year for 9 years, and its WACC is 12%. What is the project's IRR? Round your answer to two decimal places.
A. The NPV of Project L is $15,276.94.
B. The IRR(Internal Rate of Return) of Project L is 16.87%.
A. To calculate the NPV of Project L, we need to subtract the cost of the project from the present value of all future cash inflows. Given the following data:
Cost = $65,000
Cash inflow per year = $13,000
WACC = 12%
First, let's calculate the present value of each cash inflow:
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 1 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)¹ = $11,607.14
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 2 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)² = $10,352.04
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 3 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)³ = $9,240.08
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 4 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)⁴ = $8,260.56
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 5 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)⁵ = $7,400.49
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 6 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)⁶ = $6,648.24
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 7 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)⁷ = $5,993.55
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 8 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)⁸ = $5,427.98
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 9 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)⁹ = $4,944.66
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 10 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)¹⁰ = $4,537.26
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 11 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)¹¹ = $4,199.90
PV of Cash Inflow in Year 12 = $13,000 / (1 + 0.12)¹² = $3,927.24
Now, we can calculate the NPV(net present value) of the project:
NPV = -$65,000 + $11,607.14 + $10,352.04 + $9,240.08 + $8,260.56 + $7,400.49 + $6,648.24 + $5,993.55 + $5,427.98 + $4,944.66 + $4,537.26 + $4,199.90 + $3,927.24
NPV = -$65,000 + $80,276.94
NPV = $15,276.94
Therefore, the NPV of Project L is $15,276.94.
B. To calculate the IRR (Internal Rate of Return) of Project L, we need to find the discount rate that makes the NPV equal to zero. Given the following data:
Cost = $47,294.38
Cash inflow per year = $10,000
WACC = 12%
We can use trial and error or a financial calculator to find the IRR. In this case, the IRR is approximately 16.87% when rounded to two decimal places.
Therefore, the IRR of Project L is 16.87%.
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ou have $43,000 to invest in the stock market and have sought the expertise of Adam, an experienced colleague who is willing to advise you, for a fee. Adam informs you he has found a one-year investment that provides 9 percent interest, compounded monthly. Answer parts (a) through (c) below. a. What is the effective annual interest rate based on a 9 percent nominal annual rate and monthly compounding? The effective annual interest rate is percent. (Type an integer or decimal rounded to two decimal places as needed.) b. Adam says he will make the investment for a modest fee of 3 percent of the investment's value one year from now. If you invest the $43,000 today, how much will you have at the end of one year (before Adam's fee)? At the end of one year, there will be $ (Round the final answer to two decimal places as needed. Round all intermediate values to six decimal places as needed.) c. What is the effective annual interest rate of this investment, including Adam's fee? The effective annual interest rate, including Adam's fee, is percent. (Round the final answer to two decimal places as needed. Round all intermediate values to two decimal places as needed.)
a. The effective annual interest rate based on a 9 percent nominal annual rate and monthly compounding is 9.38%.
Given, Nominal annual rate, r = 9%
Number of times interest is compounded in a year, m = 12
Effective annual rate, i = (1 + (r/m))^m - 1
Substitute the values we get,
Effective annual rate, i = (1 + (0.09/12))^12 - 1i = 0.0938 or 9.38% (rounded to two decimal places)
b. The amount at the end of one year (before Adam's fee),
A = P(1 + r/m)^mt
Where,
P = 43000
r = 0.09m = 12
t = 1 year
Substitute the values we get,
A = 43000(1 + 0.09/12)^(12*1)
A = 46658.22
Therefore, the amount at the end of one year before Adam's fee will be $46658.22 (rounded to two decimal places).
c. After one year, the value of the investment will be $46658.22, and Adam will take a 3% fee for his services. The value of the investment after Adam's fee will be 46658.22 - (0.03 * 46658.22) = 45209.60.
Therefore, the effective annual interest rate of this investment, including Adam's fee, is (45209.60 / 43000)^(1/1) - 1 = 5.04% (rounded to two decimal places).
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Q2) A firm has a WACC of 12.09% and is deciding between two mutually exclusive projects. Project A has an initial investment of $61.71. The additional cash flows for project A are: year 1=$15.17, year 2=$36.90, year 3=$45.87. Project B has an initial investment of $73.89. The cash flows for project B are: year 1=$52.57, year 2=$45.79, year 3= $36.18. Calculate the Following: a) Payback Period for Project A: b) Payback Period for Project B: c) NPV for Project A: d) NPV for Project B:
a) Payback Period for Project A:Payback period is the amount of time it takes for a project to recover its original investment. If the payback period is less than the project's life, the project is accepted. Project A has an initial investment of $61.71, year 1 cash flow of $15.17, year 2 cash flow of $36.90, and year 3 cash flow of $45.87. The payback period can be calculated as follows:
Year 1: Investment remaining after year 1 = $46.54,
Year 2: Investment remaining after year 2 = $9.64
Year 3: Investment remaining after year 3 = $0.00
The payback period of Project A is 2 years + ($9.64 ÷ $45.87) = 2.21 years.
b) Payback Period for Project B:Project B has an initial investment of $73.89, year 1 cash flow of $52.57, year 2 cash flow of $45.79, and year 3 cash flow of $36.18.
Year 1: Investment remaining after year 1 = $21.32
Year 2: Investment remaining after year 2 = ($23.47)
The payback period of Project B is 1 year + ($21.32 ÷ $45.79) = 1.46 years. NPV for Project A:The Net Present Value of Project A can be calculated as follows:
NPV = (-$61.71) + ($15.17 ÷ (1 + 12.09%)^1) + ($36.90 ÷ (1 + 12.09%)^2) + ($45.87 ÷ (1 + 12.09%)^3)
= -$61.71 + $13.53 + $28.50 + $31.20
= $11.52
NPV for Project B:The Net Present Value of Project B can be calculated as follows:
NPV = (-$73.89) + ($52.57 ÷ (1 + 12.09%)^1) + ($45.79 ÷ (1 + 12.09%)^2) + ($36.18 ÷ (1 + 12.09%)^3)
= -$73.89 + $46.84 + $35.08 + $24.53
= $32.56
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The concept of being risk averse means
A. for a given situation investors would prefer relative certainty to uncertainty.
B. investors would prefer investments with low standard deviations and greater opportunity for gain.
C. that the lower the risk the lower the expected return must be.
D. all of the above answers are correct
I guess D is correct. Hope someone can confirm please. Thanks
The concept of being risk averse means for a given situation investors would prefer relative certainty to uncertainty.
The term "risk-averse" refers to a decision-making process that favors lower-risk alternatives over higher-risk ones. When faced with two choices, a risk-averse investor will prefer the option with a lower level of risk. A risk-averse investor may be more likely to invest in low-risk, low-return investments than high-risk, high-return investments. For a given situation, investors would prefer relative certainty to uncertainty.
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You notice that the price of lettuce is increasing.
Q: If you are a producer of lettuce, explain whether this increase in price results in higher profits for your business? Should you increase your production of lettuce? (6 marks)
If you notice that the price of lettuce is increasing, this would lead to a few questions that you would need to address as a producer of lettuce.
It is going to result in higher profits for your business should you increase your production of lettuce. This increase in price will result in higher profits for your business as a producer of lettuce. As the price of lettuce increases, the revenue you receive for each unit of lettuce that you sell will also increase.
This, in turn, will lead to higher profits for your business. If you increase the production of lettuce, the supply of lettuce in the market will also increase. This, in turn, could lead to a decrease in the price of lettuce. As a producer of lettuce, you need to be careful when deciding to increase the production of lettuce.
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Explain Societal benefits of Apple as a first mover company.
Societal benefits of Apple as a first mover company include technological innovation, job creation, economic growth, improved consumer experiences, and the stimulation of competition leading to further advancements.
As a first mover, Apple's technological innovations have revolutionized industries, improving productivity and enhancing communication and entertainment for individuals worldwide. The company's success has also created numerous job opportunities, contributing to economic growth. Apple's products and services have set high standards, inspiring competition and driving further advancements, benefitting society through improved technology and consumer experiences.
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Engineering Economics is the application of economic principles to the evaluation of engineering design and the selection of technical alternatives. (a) Starting a new business requires many decisions on cost concepts. List five examples of cost that might be assisted by engineering economics analysis. (10) (b) Emma and her husband decide they will buy RM 1,000 worth of utility stocks beginning one year from now. Since they expect their salaries to increase, they will increase their purchases by RM 200 per year for the next nine years. What would the present worth of all the stocks be if they yield a uniform dividend rate of 10% throughout the investment period and the price/share remains constant?
Starting a new business requires many decisions on cost concepts.
List five examples of cost that might be assisted by engineering economics analysis
The five examples of cost that might be assisted by engineering economics analysis in starting a new business are:
Initial Costs:
These costs include the fixed investment required to start the business, including the cost of purchasing and installing equipment, land, buildings, and other assets.
Operational Costs:
These costs include the day-to-day costs associated with running the business, such as labor costs, utilities, supplies, and maintenance costs.
Replacement Costs:
These costs are incurred when an asset reaches the end of its useful life and needs to be replaced.
An example of this cost is the cost of replacing a piece of machinery that has reached the end of its useful life.
Profitability Analysis:
This cost helps in determining the optimal pricing strategy, including the optimal profit margins, which can be achieved by the business.
It takes into account the pricing of similar products in the market and ensures that the price is reasonable for the market.
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Canary Company invested $78,600 into a fund for 6 years. What nominal interest rate compounded quarterly did the investment earn if it matured to $104,300 at the end of the period?
%
Round to two decimal places
Canary Company's investment earned a nominal interest rate of approximately 6.86% compounded quarterly for the 6-year period, resulting in the maturity value of $104,300.
To calculate the nominal interest rate compounded quarterly, we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:
A = final amount ($104,300)
P = principal amount ($78,600)
r = nominal interest rate (unknown)
n = number of times interest is compounded per year (4 for quarterly compounding)
t = number of years (6)
Plugging in the values into the formula, we get:
104300 = 78600(1 + r/4)^(4*6)
Dividing both sides by 78600, we have:
1.326 = (1 + r/4)^(24)
Taking the 24th root of both sides, we get:
(1 + r/4) = 1.326^(1/24)
Subtracting 1 from both sides, we have:
r/4 = 1.326^(1/24) - 1
Multiplying both sides by 4, we obtain:
r = 4 * (1.326^(1/24) - 1)
Evaluating this expression, we find:
r ≈ 0.0686
Therefore, the nominal interest rate compounded quarterly is approximately 6.86%.
In conclusion, Canary Company's investment earned a nominal interest rate of approximately 6.86% compounded quarterly for the 6-year period, resulting in the maturity value of $104,300.
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khan, age 34 and single, has $133,800 agi, $108,200 of which is compensation income. compute khan's maximum contribution to a roth ira. multiple choice $1,920 $0 $6,000 $4,080
To compute Khan's maximum contribution to a Roth IRA, we need to consider the income limits set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for Roth IRA contributions. For the year 2021, the maximum contribution for an individual with an adjusted gross income (AGI) between $125,000 and $140,000 is reduced.
In this case, Khan's AGI is $133,800, which falls within this range. However, since Khan's compensation income is $108,200, we need to subtract this amount from his AGI to calculate his maximum contribution to a Roth IRA. 133,800 AGI - 108,200 compensation income = 25,600 Now, let's check the income limits to determine Khan's maximum contribution: If Khan's filing status is single, his maximum contribution limit is $6,000 for the year 2021. However, since his AGI is between $125,000 and $140,000, we need to calculate the reduced contribution limit.
To calculate the reduced contribution limit, we use the following formula Since the reduced contribution limit is lower than the maximum contribution limit, Khan's maximum contribution to a Roth IRA would be $2,480. Therefore, the correct answer is $2,480.
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