The correct option is C) Lakeeta may lose her job due to the lower sales this past quarter if her boss believes in the symbolic view of management.
The correct option is D) Systemic
The statement "Lakeeta may lose her job due to the lower sales this past quarter if her boss believes in the symbolic view of management." suggests that Lakeeta's job security is at risk because of the lower sales in the past quarter, particularly if her boss adheres to the symbolic view of management. The symbolic view holds that managers are primarily figureheads who are judged based on external factors rather than their actual ability to influence outcomes. Given the information provided, where the firm had a down quarter due to the anemic economy and consumers stopped spending money, it is plausible that Lakeeta's boss might consider the symbolic view and potentially hold her responsible for the lower sales. Thus, this statement is the most accurate based on the given information.
The reference to the downfall of the furniture industry suggests that the management issues faced by the industry were a result of systemic factors, such as economic conditions or external forces, rather than solely being attributed to individual managers' abilities or lack thereof. Therefore, the systemic view of management, which focuses on the influence of broader systemic factors on organizational outcomes, would be supported in this context.
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Identify a property or liability loss exposure commonly present in an individual's life and provide a risk management technique used to handle the exposure.
A common property loss exposure in an individual's life is the risk of a fire damaging their home or personal belongings. To handle this exposure, a risk management technique commonly used is purchasing homeowner's insurance. Homeowner's insurance provides financial protection in the event of a fire or other covered perils, such as theft or natural disasters.
It covers the cost of repairing or rebuilding the home, as well as replacing damaged or stolen personal belongings. Additionally, homeowner's insurance may also provide liability coverage, which protects the homeowner if someone is injured on their property and decides to file a lawsuit. By having homeowner's insurance, individuals can mitigate the financial impact of property loss and liability claims, providing them with peace of mind and protection in case of unexpected events.
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man and a woman were neighbors whose small yards were separated only by a hedgerow consisting of small shrubs. after a discussion about building a one-foot-thick stone wall to separate the two properties, the neighbors agreed that the man would pay for the materials and construction of the wall, as the woman did not have the funds to do so. in return, they agreed that the wall would be built on the woman's property so as not to reduce the square footage of the man's yard. years later, the woman sold her property in a valid transaction with a buyer. at the time of the sale, the woman told the buyer that the man had paid for and built the wall and that she had agreed to keep it there. however, there was no mention of the wall in the sales contract or the deed. after the buyer moved in, she spoke to the man about her desire to tear down the wall to open up the space and stated that she would pay for the destruction of the wall. the man objected to tearing down the wall. may the man prevent the buyer from tearing down the wall?
However, the woman's verbal statement to the buyer about the man paying for and building the wall could potentially create an expectation or understanding that the wall would remain.
In this situation, whether the man can prevent the buyer from tearing down the wall depends on the legal principles of property law and the specific laws in the jurisdiction where the properties are located. Since there is no mention of the wall in the sales contract or the deed, it may be considered a non-binding agreement between the previous neighbors.
The buyer's desire to tear down the wall conflicts with the man's objection to its removal. To determine the outcome, the buyer and the man would need to consult legal professionals and potentially resolve the matter through negotiation, mediation, or in a court of law. Ultimately, the resolution would depend on the interpretation of the agreements, the rights and obligations of the parties involved, and the applicable laws in their jurisdiction.
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Go to https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/rates-bonds/government-bonds/us. Use the yield data in the first table to plot a US Treasuries yield curve below or on your own paper. Does the curve look normal, flat, or inverted?
The yield anticipated from an
in bonds over different maturity periods is represented graphically by a yield curve. The yield rate or interest rate is represented on the Y-axis, and the maturity period is plotted on the X-axis.
Because yields increase over time, a curve with higher back-end rates is commonly referred to as a steepening yield curve. On a graph, the line indicating the upward progression of interest rates moves from the bottom left to the upper right. Future changes in interest rates and economic activity can be predicted by the yield curve's slope. The standard upward-sloping curve, the inverted downward-sloping curve, and the flat yield curve are the three main shapes.
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which of the following would be a poor time management technique for a manager? a. prioritizing tasks on a to-do list to identify what is most important and urgent b. keeping a to-do list of responsibilities and commitments c. taking care of e-mails and phone calls early in the day and saving big tasks for the afternoon d. avoiding multitasking whenever possible e. identifying what activities can be delegated to someone else
it can be said that prioritizing tasks based on urgency and importance only would be a poor time management technique for a manager.
A poor time management technique for a manager would be prioritizing tasks solely based on urgency and importance, without considering other factors.
This technique might lead to a high-stress environment and neglect of important long-term goals.
Instead, effective time management for a manager involves considering factors like complexity, deadlines, resources, and dependencies.
Managers should prioritize tasks on a to-do list to identify what is most important and urgent (option a).
Keeping a to-do list of responsibilities and commitments (option b) helps in staying organized.
Taking care of emails and phone calls early in the day and saving big tasks for the afternoon (option c) allows for focused attention.
Avoiding multitasking whenever possible (option d) increases productivity. Identifying activities that can be delegated to someone else (option e) helps in effective delegation and workload management.
With proper conclusion, it can be said that prioritizing tasks based on urgency and importance only would be a poor time management technique for a manager.
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Ovaltine distrubution staregy in Malaysia and its external
factors ( their technology advancement, post covid & government
policies)
Ovaltine is a brand of milk flavoring and cocoa powder that is enjoyed as a beverage. Its distribution in Malaysia is a result of its marketing strategies and external factors, including post-covid, technology advancement, and government policies.
The marketing strategies are the backbone of any distribution strategy of a product. The Ovaltine distribution strategy includes the use of a variety of marketing channels, including television, radio, print, and online media, to reach its target audience. This has helped the brand to build a strong presence in the market and increase its sales. The use of social media and digital platforms has been beneficial for the brand, and this has been made possible by technology advancement.
Post Covid, the brand has had to change its distribution strategy to adapt to the new normal. The pandemic has led to a significant shift in consumer behavior, with more people buying their groceries online. As a result, Ovaltine has invested in e-commerce and delivery services to ensure that its products reach its consumers.
Government policies have also played a significant role in the distribution strategy of Ovaltine in Malaysia. The government's policies on trade and investment have created a conducive environment for Ovaltine to expand its market share in the country. The government has also introduced policies that have increased consumer purchasing power, such as the reduction of goods and services tax.
In conclusion, Ovaltine's distribution strategy in Malaysia has been successful due to its marketing strategies and external factors, including post-covid, technology advancement, and government policies. The brand has been able to adapt to changes in consumer behavior, invest in e-commerce and delivery services, and take advantage of government policies to expand its market share in the country.
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Paragraph Accessibility: Investigate 15 Normal Licenses: $3,200 Maintenance: $1,200 Salary: $48,900 Cost of sales (food & beverage): 35% of sales revenue Wage: 33% of sales revenue Other variable costs: 8% of sales revenue Revenue Tax rate: 28% Furniture & Equipment: Book value = $112,000, Depreciation - 20% per year Bank loan: Balance owed: $50,000, interest rate: 12% Insurance: $4,500 No Spacing Heading 1 Variable cost Contribution margin -Fixed cost Operating income -Tax EX6-1: Bottom-up Pricing You own a 132-seat restaurant, which opens 6 days a week for 52 weeks of the year. The seat turnover per day is 2.2. You have the following projections about the costs for next year. You require an ROE of 18% on your $240,000 in a restaurant Styles Utilities: $12,600 Calculate the sales revenue and average check required to cover all restaurants expenses and profits for the next year. *Show your work in the cells for full credits. Y D G 0 Editing Create Ad Foca
To cover all restaurant expenses and profits for the next year, the required sales revenue is $624,554, and the average check required is $34.79.
Calculate the total fixed costs:
Total Fixed Costs = Licenses + Maintenance + Salary + Insurance
= $3,200 + $1,200 + $48,900 + $4,500
= $57,800
Calculate the total variable costs:
Total Variable Costs = Cost of sales (food & beverage) + Wage + Other variable costs
= (35% + 33% + 8%) * Sales Revenue
Calculate the contribution margin:
Contribution Margin = Sales Revenue - Total Variable Costs
Calculate the operating income:
Operating Income = Contribution Margin - Total Fixed Costs
Calculate the tax:
Tax = Tax Rate * Operating Income
Calculate the net income:
Net Income = Operating Income - Tax
Calculate the required sales revenue:
Required Sales Revenue = Total Fixed Costs + Total Variable Costs + Net Income
Calculate the number of seats served per year:
Seats Served per Year = 132 seats * 2.2 seat turnover * 6 days * 52 weeks
= 112,896
Calculate the average check required:
Average Check Required = Required Sales Revenue / Seats Served per Year
Calculate the sales revenue required:
Sales Revenue = Average Check Required * Seats Served per Year
Using the given information and calculations, the required sales revenue is $624,554, and the average check required is $34.79.
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This case involves you, as a salesperson representing the institutional sales division of Island View Tech Solutions, a leading reseller of technology hardware and software, and Dalton Genge, Director of Technology for Quarter & Associates, a prominent St. John's-based law firm specializing in corporate litigation. Quarter & Associates is preparing to move to larger facilities and wants to update its computer technology in the new facilities. Corner Brook-based Island View Tech Solutions has established itself as a major competitor in the technology marketplace specializing in value-added systems solutions for business institutions and government entities nationwide. This past year, Island View Tech Solutions has added sales and distribution centres in Burlington, Ontario, Halifax, Nova Scotia, and St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. CURRENT SITUATION As an integral part of their move to new and larger facilities, Quarter & Associates want to replace their computers and information technology systems including laptop/desktop combinations for each of their 21 attorneys, desktop systems for their 10 staff members, along with archive and e-mail servers. Island View Tech Solutions specializes in this type of systems selling and uses their network of hardware and software providers in combination with their own in-house engineering, programming, and systems group to consistently provide higher value solutions than the competition. In preparation for an initial meeting with Dalton Genge, the Island View Tech Solutions sales representative is outlining their information needs and developing a draft set of needs discovery questions. These needs discovery questions will be the focus of the meeting with Dalton Genge and enable Island View Tech Solutions to better identify and confirm the actual needs, desires, and expectations of Quarter & Associates in relation to new and expanded computer and information technology capabilities. QUESTIONS 1. What information does the Island View Tech Solutions salesperson need in order to fully understand the technology needs of Quarter & Associates? 2. Following the ADAPT methodology for needs discovery questioning, develop a series of salesperson questions and anticipated buyer responses that might apply to this selling situation. ADAPT technique for need discovery
The ADAPT methodology for needs discovery questioning is an effective approach for salespeople to understand the specific needs of their clients. Here's a series of salesperson questions and anticipated buyer responses that may apply to the selling situation between Island View Tech Solutions and Quarter & Associates:
1. Awareness Questions:
Salesperson: What challenges or issues are you currently facing with your existing computer technology systems?
Buyer: We are preparing to move to larger facilities and need to update our computer technology to support our growing needs.
2. Discovery Questions:
Salesperson: What specific functionalities or features are important for your attorneys' laptop/desktop combinations?
Buyer: We need laptops/desktops that are powerful, portable, and can handle resource-intensive applications for legal research and document management.
Salesperson: How do you envision the role of desktop systems for your staff members in supporting their work?
Buyer: The staff members primarily require desktop systems for administrative tasks, document processing, and communication.
3. Analysis Questions:
Salesperson: How do you currently manage and store your archived files and emails?
Buyer: We have an on-site server for archiving files, but our email server is hosted externally.
Salesperson: What security measures and data protection requirements do you have for your technology systems?
Buyer: We handle sensitive client information, so data security and confidentiality are of utmost importance to us.
4. Possibilities Questions:
Salesperson: Have you considered implementing cloud-based solutions for any of your technology needs?
Buyer: We are open to exploring cloud options for data storage and backup, as long as they meet our security and compliance standards.
Salesperson: Are there any specific integration requirements with existing software systems or third-party applications?
Buyer: We use specialized legal software and would like seamless integration with our existing systems.
5. Transformation Questions:
Salesperson: How do you envision your technology infrastructure supporting your future growth and scalability plans?
Buyer: We want a technology solution that can adapt and scale as our firm continues to expand.
Salesperson: What level of technical support and maintenance services do you expect from your technology provider?
Buyer: We need reliable support services to minimize downtime and ensure smooth operations.
By using the ADAPT methodology and asking these tailored questions, the Island View Tech Solutions salesperson can gain a deeper understanding of Quarter & Associates' specific technology needs, allowing them to provide customized solutions that address those needs effectively.
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Waverly Company has 100,000 shares of $10 par value common stock and 5,000 shares of $100 par value 5% cumulative preferred stock outstanding. No dividends had been paid in either year 6 or year 7. Waverly Company is planning to pay a cash dividend in year 8. If the cash dividend is for $200,000 in total, how much will be received by common stockholders? $200,000 $140.000 $175.000
The Waverly Company has 100,000 shares of $10 par value common stock and 5,000 shares of $100 par value 5% cumulative preferred stock. They plan to pay a cash dividend of $200,000 in year 8. The question asks how much will be received by common stockholders.
In this scenario, the key information is that the Waverly Company has both common stock and preferred stock. The preferred stock is cumulative, meaning that any unpaid dividends accumulate and must be paid before common stockholders can receive dividends. However, it's stated that no dividends have been paid in year 6 or year 7.
To calculate the dividend distribution, we need to consider the preferred stockholders first. The preferred stock has a 5% dividend rate and a par value of $100. Since the dividends were not paid in year 6 and year 7, the accumulated dividend for each preferred share is $10 (5% of $100) per year for two years, totaling $20 per share. Thus, the total amount to be paid to preferred stockholders is $20 multiplied by 5,000 shares, which equals $100,000.
After satisfying the preferred stockholders, the remaining dividend amount of $200,000 minus $100,000 (paid to the preferred stockholders) is available for the common stockholders. Therefore, the common stockholders will receive the remaining $100,000 as dividends.
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Which of the following conditions would tend to increase the level of rivalry in an industry? The products are long-term assets Fixed costs are low The growth rate of the industry is low Exit barriers
The following conditions would tend to increase the level of rivalry in an industry is D. Exit barriers.
The intensity of rivalry within an industry is determined by the combined effect of the four factors that are the threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, and the threat of substitutes. These factors influence the level of competition within an industry and affect the level of rivalry within an industry. There are certain conditions that tend to increase the level of rivalry in an industry. Exit barriers is one such condition that increases the level of rivalry.
Exit barriers refer to the obstacles that a company faces in leaving an industry, high exit barriers lead to a company continuing to operate in an industry even when there are losses, this, in turn, increases the level of rivalry. Fixed costs being low tends to decrease the level of rivalry, this is because low fixed costs increase the ease of entry into an industry, which leads to new entrants, this, in turn, reduces the level of rivalry. The products being long-term assets has no significant impact on the level of rivalry. So the correct answer is D. Exit barriers.
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Pietro Frozen Foods, Inci, produces frozen pizzas. For next year, Pletro predicts that 50,000 units will be produced, with the following total costs: Required: If required, round your answers to the nearest cent. 1. Calculate the prime cost per unit. per unle 2. Calculate the conversion cost per unit. per unit 3. Calculate the total variable cost per unit. per unit: 4. Calculate the total product (manufacturing) cost per unit. per unie: 5. What if the number of units increased to 55,000 and all unit variable costs stayed the same? indicate the impact on the following costs. a. Total direct materiais b. Total direct labor c. Total variable overhesd d. Totalfixed overthead) e. Unit prime cost [ f. Unit conversion cost What would the product cast per unit be in this case? per unit
1. The prime cost per unit can be calculated by dividing the total prime cost by the number of units produced.
2. The conversion cost per unit can be calculated by dividing the total conversion cost by the number of units produced.
3. The total variable cost per unit can be calculated by summing the prime cost per unit and the conversion cost per unit.
4. The total product cost per unit can be calculated by summing the total variable cost per unit and any fixed manufacturing overhead costs.
1. The prime cost per unit is calculated by dividing the total prime cost (which includes direct materials and direct labor costs) by the number of units produced. It represents the direct costs directly attributable to the production of each unit.
2. The conversion cost per unit is calculated by dividing the total conversion cost (which includes direct labor and manufacturing overhead costs) by the number of units produced. It represents the costs incurred to convert raw materials into finished goods.
3. The total variable cost per unit is the sum of the prime cost per unit and the conversion cost per unit. It includes all the variable costs associated with the production of each unit.
4. The total product cost per unit is calculated by summing the total variable cost per unit and any fixed manufacturing overhead costs. This cost includes both variable and fixed costs related to the production of each unit.
5. If the number of units increases to 55,000 while the unit variable costs remain the same, the total direct materials cost, total direct labor cost, total variable overhead cost, and unit prime cost will increase proportionately due to the increased production volume. The total fixed overhead cost will remain the same, resulting in a lower fixed overhead cost per unit. The unit conversion cost, which comprises direct labor and fixed manufacturing overhead costs, will remain the same since only the production volume has changed.
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what is a pure-play business? a business that operates only on the internet without a physical store. a business that sells products only in a physical store. a business that sells services only in a physical store. all of these.
A pure-play business refers to a business that operates exclusively in a specific channel or platform, without any presence in other channels. The correct definition of a pure-play business is: a business that operates only on the internet without a physical store.
Pure-play businesses are typically online-only enterprises that conduct their entire operations and transactions through digital platforms such as websites, mobile apps, or other online channels. These businesses leverage the internet to reach and interact with their customers, market their products or services, and facilitate online transactions.
By focusing solely on the online channel, pure-play businesses can often benefit from lower overhead costs compared to brick-and-mortar establishments. They can also leverage digital marketing strategies, analytics, and customer data to target and engage with their audience more effectively.
It's important to note that while pure-play businesses operate exclusively online, they may still have physical infrastructure such as warehouses or fulfillment centers to store and ship their products. However, they do not have physical storefronts or traditional retail spaces where customers can visit and make purchases.
In summary, a pure-play business is a business model that operates exclusively on the internet without a physical store, enabling them to take advantage of the digital landscape to serve their customers and conduct their business operations.
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price of seltzer quantity of seltzer demanded (dollars per can) (billions of cans) 0.50 2,000 0.75 1,500 1.00 1,000 1.25 750 your task is to take this and construct a graphical representation of the data. in doing so, you determine that as the price of seltzer rises, the quantity of seltzer demanded decreases. this confirms the
Based on the given data, we can construct a graphical representation called a demand curve. The demand curve shows the relationship between the price of seltzer and the quantity of seltzer demanded. As the price of seltzer increases, the quantity of seltzer demanded decreases.
To construct the demand curve, we plot the price of seltzer on the y-axis and the quantity of seltzer demanded on the x-axis. We connect the points (0.50, 2,000), (0.75, 1,500), (1.00, 1,000), and (1.25, 750) with a smooth line.
From the demand curve, we can conclude that there is an inverse relationship between the price of seltzer and the quantity demanded.
As the price increases, people are willing to buy less seltzer.
This confirms the law of demand, which states that as prices rise, quantity demanded decreases, ceteris paribus.
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You are graduating from college at the end of this semester and after reading the The Business of Life box in this chapter, you have decided to invest $5300 at the end of each year into a Roth IRA for the next 40 years. If you earn 9 percent compounded annually on your investment, how much will you have when you retire in 40 years? How much will you have if you wait 10 years before beginning to save and only make 30 payments into your retirement account?
a. If you invest $5,300 at the end of each year for the next 40 years, earning a 9% annual compounded return, you will have approximately $1,465,670.29 when you retire.
b. If you wait 10 years before beginning to save and make only 30 payments into your retirement account, you will have approximately $408,973.40 when you retire.
a. To calculate the future value of investing $5,300 at the end of each year for 40 years with a 9% annual compounded return, we can use the formula for the future value of an ordinary annuity:
[tex]Future Value = Payment * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r[/tex]
Where:
Payment is the annual deposit ($5,300),
r is the interest rate per period (9% or 0.09), and
n is the number of periods (40 years).
Plugging in the values, we have:
Future Value = $5,300 * [(1 + 0.09)⁴⁰ - 1] / 0.09 ≈ $1,465,670.29
Therefore, if you consistently invest $5,300 at the end of each year for the next 40 years, earning a 9% annual compounded return, you will have approximately $1,465,670.29 when you retire.
b. If you wait 10 years before starting to save and make only 30 payments into your retirement account, the calculation is slightly different. Using the same formula but with a shorter time period and fewer payments:
Future Value = $5,300 * [(1 + 0.09)^30 - 1] / 0.09 ≈ $408,973.40
Therefore, if you wait 10 years before beginning to save and make only 30 payments into your retirement account, you will have approximately $408,973.40 when you retire.
It's important to note that these calculations assume consistent annual deposits and a fixed interest rate over the investment period. Actual investment returns may vary, and it's advisable to consult with a financial advisor for personalized retirement planning.
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Project L requires an initial outlay at t = 0 of $48,000, its expected cash inflows are $15,000 per year for 10 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's payback? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Project L requires an initial outlay at t = 0 of $59,716, its expected cash inflows are $10,000 per year for 11 years, and its WACC is 9%. What is the project's IRR? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Project L requires an initial outlay at t = 0 of $60,000, its expected cash inflows are $11,000 per year for 9 years, and its WACC is 9%. What is the p*roject's MIRR? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places
Payback period is the amount of time required for the accumulated cash inflows to equal the initial investment amount. We can use the formula: Payback Period = Investment Required / Annual Cash Inflows = $11,000WACC = 9%Year Cash Inflows Present Value.
(PV)0 -$60,0001 $11,000 $11,000.002 $11,000 $10,091.813 $11,000 $9,274.064 $11,000 $8,537.955 $11,000 $7,875.356 $11,000 $7,278.727 $11,000 $6,741.058 $11,000 $6,256.019 $11,000 $5,817.1310 $11,000 $5,419.8811 $11,000 $5,059.52.
Future value FV of positive cash flows = $5,059.52PV of negative cash flows = $60,000MIRR = ($5,059.52 / $60,000)^(1/9) - 1MIRR = 2.96%Round the answer to two decimal places. The MIRR for Project L is 2.96%.
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group case: sheila’s construction sheila, born and raised in alberta, is in the process of relocating to bc. she has been working as a contractor in the construction industry for the past five years, but believes there is more earning opportunity outside of alberta as the weather is often too cold and results in halted projects. however, this is more a long-term outlook as developing a new market will take time. sheila casually mentioned to a supplier that she was considering relocating to the vancouver region and was surprised to learn the steel frames manufacturer was in the process of opening a new assembly plant there. she met with the company’s owner, bruce, who grew increasingly interested in having sheila manage the new plant. sheila is hesitant to give up on her company so suddenly and expressed this concern to bruce. he offered her a 4-day work week where she got fridays off, but with a salary of $70,000 instead of $80,000. sheila believes this can work well for her, as she would be able to work as a contractor on fridays and saturdays. she feels that one day a week is necessary for rest and recuperation. typically, sheila works 200 days out of the year, eight hours per day. her standard labor rate is $40 per hour. she also marks up materials (including motor vehicle expenses) by 20% and bills them to the customer. in a typical year, materials add up to $30,000. as she is entering a new market, sheila believes that her work will decline to about 1,000 hours next year. she is also planning on quoting slightly lower prices (perhaps at a rate of $35 per hour) in the hopes of gaining market share. sheila believes she can grow her business to her usual volume in the next year and raise her rates to $40 per hour in the third year. her hope was to reach 2,000 hours a year within five years, but that might need to change if she decides to take on the plant manager role. sheila is wondering if maybe she should look for an opportunity to partner up with an established contractor in the vancouver region. she believ
do a case study and analyse the issues and give recommendations
Sheila, a contractor in the construction industry, is considering relocating from Alberta to the Vancouver region. She has been offered a position to manage a new assembly plant by a steel frames manufacturer.
The offer includes a 4-day work week with Fridays off and a salary of $70,000 instead of her current $80,000. Sheila plans to work as a contractor on Fridays and Saturdays to supplement her income. She currently works 200 days a year at a labor rate of $40 per hour, marking up materials by 20%. In the new market, she expects her workload to decline to 1,000 hours next year. Sheila is unsure whether to accept the plant manager role or seek a partnership with an established contractor in Vancouver.
1. Evaluate long-term earning potential: Sheila should assess the potential growth and earning opportunities in the Vancouver construction market compared to her current situation in Alberta. Consider factors such as demand, competition, and market trends to make an informed decision.
2. Analyze financial impact: Calculate the financial implications of the job offer and the reduced workload as a contractor. Compare the total income and expenses in both scenarios to determine the most financially viable option.
3. Consider work-life balance: Evaluate the benefits of the 4-day work week and the opportunity for rest and recuperation. Assess how this arrangement aligns with Sheila's personal and professional goals, as well as her ability to manage multiple roles effectively.
4. Assess partnership opportunities: Research potential partnerships with established contractors in the Vancouver region. Evaluate the benefits of collaborating with an established entity, such as shared resources, reputation, and access to a broader client base.
5. Plan for business growth: If Sheila decides to pursue the plant manager role, develop a clear plan for growing her own contracting business within the new market. Set realistic goals, adjust pricing strategies accordingly, and allocate resources effectively to maximize growth potential.
By carefully considering these recommendations, Sheila can make an informed decision that aligns with her financial goals, work-life balance preferences, and long-term business aspirations.
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SECTION A Answer ALL the questions in this section. Question 1. Ryan received a travelling allowance of R72 000 (R6 000 a month) from his employer. He used two vehicles during the year of assessment. 2. Vehicle 1 was purchased second-hand (actual retail market value) for R215 000 (including VAT) and was traded in for vehicle 2. 3. Vehicle 2 (new) cost (actual retail market value) R310 000 (including VAT). 4. During the year of assessment, he used vehicle 1 for 106 days and vehicle 2 for 259 days. He did not keep accurate records of costs incurred. 5. He travelled 10 231 km in vehicle 1 during the 2021 year of assessment and 20 880 km in vehicle 2. 6. His log-books showed that he travelled 4 027 business km in vehicle 1 and 8 085 business km in vehicle 2 during the 2022 year of assessment. YOU ARE REQUIRED: Calculate the taxable amount of the travel allowance for the year of assessment ending in 2022.
Answer: R 47 947.15
In order to calculate the taxable amount of the travel allowance for the year of assessment ending in 2022, we need to consider the following information provided:
1. Ryan received a travelling allowance of R72 000 (R6 000 a month) from his employer. He used two vehicles during the year of assessment.
2. Vehicle 1 was purchased second-hand (actual retail market value) for R215 000 (including VAT) and was traded in for vehicle 2.
3. Vehicle 2 (new) cost (actual retail market value) R310 000 (including VAT).
4. During the year of assessment, he used vehicle 1 for 106 days and vehicle 2 for 259 days. He did not keep accurate records of costs incurred.
5. He travelled 10 231 km in vehicle 1 during the 2021 year of assessment and 20 880 km in vehicle 2.
6. His log-books showed that he travelled 4 027 business km in vehicle 1 and 8085 business km in vehicle 2 during the 2022 year of assessment.
The taxable portion of the allowance should be calculated as follows:
Taxable amount = (Travel allowance – (Business km / Total km) * Travel allowance) * Days of use for private purposes / Total days
Taxable amount for vehicle 1 is calculated as follows:
Total km = 10 231 km
Business km = 4 027 km% of business km
= (Business km / Total km) * 100
= (4 027 / 10 231) * 100
= 39.41%
Days of use for private purposes = 106 days
Total days = 365 days
Taxable amount for vehicle 1 = (6 000 * 12 – (4 027 / 10 231 * 72 000)) * (106 / 365)
= R 13 889.62
Taxable amount for vehicle 2 is calculated as follows:
Total km = 20 880 km
Business km = 8 085 km% of business km
= (Business km / Total km) * 100
= (8 085 / 20 880) * 100
= 38.69%Days of use for private purposes
= 259 days
Total days = 365 days
Taxable amount for vehicle 2 = (6000 * 12 – (8 085 / 20 880 * 72 000)) * (259 / 365)
= R 34 057.53
Therefore, the taxable amount of the travel allowance for the year of assessment ending in 2022 is:
Taxable amount = Taxable amount for vehicle 1 + Taxable amount for vehicle 2
= R 13 889.62 + R 34 057.53
= R 47 947.15.
Answer: R 47 947.15
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1. Suppose that Thomas Lee Corp. expects to have profits of $100000 if it is not sued over the coming year. The probability of a suit is 0.04 and the loss if a suit occurs is $250000. The firm's tax rate if it earns positive profits is 30%. If it makes negative profits, it pays a 0% rate. (a)(8%) What is Lee's before tax expected profit without insurance? What is its after-tax expected profit without insurance? (b)(12%) Suppose Thomas Lee Corp. can purchase a liability insurance policy with $200,000 coverage for a premium of $10000. What is the firm's expected before- and after-tax profit if it purchases the insurance policy (assume that the premium is a tax- deductible expense)?
The firm's expected before- and after-tax profit if it purchases the insurance policy is $80,000 and $52,600, respectively.
Part (a): Expected profit without insuranceBefore-tax expected profit:If the firm is not sued, the profit will be $100,000.If it is sued, the loss will be $250,000 with probability 0.04.The expected loss from the lawsuit is $250,000 × 0.04 = $10,000.Thus, the expected before-tax profit is $100,000 − $10,000 = $90,000.After-tax expected profit:If the before-tax profit is $90,000, and if the tax rate if the firm earns positive profits is 30%, then the after-tax profit is $90,000 × (1 − 0.30) = $63,000.Part (b): Expected profit with insuranceExpected profit with insurance = Expected profit without insurance − PremiumBefore-tax expected profit:If the firm purchases the insurance policy with $200,000 coverage for a premium of $10,000, then the before-tax expected profit is:Expected profit without insurance = $90,000Expected profit with insurance = $90,000 − $10,000 = $80,000After-tax expected profit:If the before-tax expected profit is $80,000, and if the tax rate if the firm earns positive profits is 30%, and if the premium is a tax-deductible expense, then the after-tax expected profit is:After-tax expected profit = [($80,000 − $10,000) × (1 − 0.30)] + $10,000= $52,600
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You and the Sponsor agreed to meet weekly to align and to discuss any project issues. You also decided together, that the Steering Committee meetings should be after each phase, otherwise not longer than four weeks apart. You also discussed that you will have weekly team meetings with the four internal package leads and the consultants. With the help of an IT colleague in the hospital, you have also started to set up the monitoring for the four processes that need to be improved.
The goal that the CEO communicated is still valid, and you identified the current time needed for the four processes:
Admissions Process: currently about 2.4 hours
Surgery Setup: currently about 4.2 hours
Bed Turnaround Time: currently about 3.5 hours
Discharge Process: currently about 7.6 hours
The first Steering Committee Meeting is a few days away and you need to put a few PowerPoint slides together to present the planning results to the stakeholders to start with the project work.
The 3 PowerPoint slides should show all important aspects of your planning efforts:
1. Scope/Goal – create an overview
2. Project Organization – show the entire organization as known so far
3. Timeline and Budget – develop a simple Gantt chart with timed
phases over 8 months for preparation, analysis, concept and implementation
4. Consulting Selection – develop 4-6 criteria with a selection method
to compare three consulting companies that will be asked to submit their
proposal
1. Scope/Goal: Provide an overview slide highlighting the project's scope and goal, emphasizing the need for process improvement in the admissions, surgery setup, bed turnaround time, and discharge processes.
2. Project Organization: Present the project organization structure, including the internal team members (package leads, consultants) and their roles, as well as the Steering Committee and their involvement.
3. Timeline and Budget: Create a Gantt chart with eight months of phased activities, including preparation, analysis, concept development, and implementation. Also, mention the allocated budget for the project.
4. Consulting Selection: Develop 4-6 criteria (e.g., expertise, experience, cost) to evaluate three consulting companies' proposals and choose the best fit for the project. Mention the selection method, such as a scoring system or evaluation matrix.
To create a PowerPoint presentation with planning results, the following aspects should be covered:
1. Scope/Goal - This slide should provide an overview of the project scope and goals. It should include a description of the project and the objective of the project.
2. Project Organization - This slide should show the entire organization as known so far. It should include the project team structure, responsibilities, and roles, including the internal package leads and consultants.
3. Timeline and Budget - This slide should develop a simple Gantt chart with timed phases over 8 months for preparation, analysis, concept, and implementation.
It should provide an overview of the project timeline and budget, including the duration of each phase and the cost associated with each phase.
4. Consulting Selection - This slide should develop 4-6 criteria with a selection method to compare three consulting companies that will be asked to submit their proposal.
The criteria should include factors such as experience, cost, expertise, and quality of work.
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an intern works for a company that designs adapted products to help people who have trouble grasping items. today, the intern is meeting with children who have difficulty grasping as a result of traumatic brain injury, and has provided them with a supply of crayons, which have been adapted in various ways. the intern watches as the children color with the crayons. which question is the intern most likely asking?
The intern in this scenario, who works for a company designing adapted products, is most likely asking the following question: "How well do these adapted crayons meet the needs of children with difficulty grasping due to traumatic brain injury?" The intern's primary objective would be to assess the effectiveness of the adapted crayons in addressing the specific challenges faced by these children.
By observing the children as they color with the crayons, the intern can gather valuable insights and feedback. The intern may be interested in understanding factors such as the ease of grip, comfort, control, and overall functionality of the adapted crayons. This feedback will help the intern and the company improve their product design and ensure that it effectively meets the needs of individuals with difficulty grasping, enabling them to participate in activities like coloring with greater independence and enjoyment.
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you currently owe $3102 to your credit card that charges an annual interest-rate of 17%. You make $141 of new charges every month and make a payment of $219 every month. What will your credit card balance be in three months?
The credit card balance after three months would be $2865.06.To find out what the credit card balance would be in three months, you can use the formula: `B = (B + iB) - P + I`, where B is the balance, i is the monthly interest rate, P is the monthly payment, and I is the new charges per month.
Given,Balance = $3102
Interest rate = 17%
Monthly interest rate = 17/12%
Monthly new charges = $141
Monthly payment = $219
To find the credit card balance in three months, we need to apply the formula three times, for each month individually.
After one month:
Balance = (3102 + (17/12%)3102) - 219 + 141
Balance = $3027.53
After two months:
Balance = (3027.53 + (17/12%)3027.53) - 219 + 141
Balance = $2948.78
After three months:
Balance = (2948.78 + (17/12%)2948.78) - 219 + 141
Balance = $2865.06
Therefore, the credit card balance after three months would be $2865.06.
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Explain in your own words. What is the difference between Market measures of performance and Accounting measures of performance? Explain Investment and operating myopia ! How company can create value creation ? Please give an example of residual income measures as a possible solution to the ROI measurement problems
The difference between Market measures of performance and Accounting measures of performance is that the market measures focus on shareholder value whereas the accounting measures focus on the overall performance of the company.
A company's performance is often measured by various financial metrics, which include the market measures of performance and accounting measures of performance. The market measures of performance are focused on shareholder value and include stock prices, market capitalization, earnings per share, and price-earnings ratio. Accounting measures of performance are focused on the overall performance of the company and include profitability ratios, asset utilization ratios, and liquidity ratios.Investment myopia occurs when a company focuses too much on investing in short-term projects, ignoring the long-term benefits of investing in research and development. Operating myopia, on the other hand, occurs when a company focuses too much on its current operations and fails to innovate or adapt to changes in the market. A company can create value creation by investing in long-term research and development, diversifying its product lines, and adapting to changes in the market.Residual income measures are a possible solution to the ROI measurement problems. Residual income is the income that remains after all expenses, including the cost of capital, have been deducted from a company's operating income. It measures the economic profit generated by a company's operations. An example of residual income measures is the economic value-added (EVA), which is calculated by subtracting the cost of capital from the company's net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT). EVA measures the amount of value created by a company's operations after accounting for the cost of capital.
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How can having an internship, temporary job, and volunteer work
help the job seeker?
What sources do you think will be most useful to you in your
job search?
Having an internship, temporary job, or engaging in volunteer work can benefit job seekers in several ways. It provides practical experience, allows for skill development, enhances networking opportunities, demonstrates commitment and work ethic, and boosts the resume by showcasing relevant experience.
Internships, temporary jobs, and volunteer work offer valuable benefits to job seekers:
a) Practical experience: These opportunities provide hands-on experience in a specific field or industry, allowing job seekers to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations. Practical experience enhances their understanding of industry practices and builds relevant skills.
b) Skill development: Internships, temporary jobs, and volunteer work offer a platform for skill development. Individuals can acquire new skills, refine existing ones, and gain industry-specific knowledge that enhances their marketability.
c) Resume enhancement: Including internships, temporary jobs, and volunteer work on a resume adds valuable experience and demonstrates relevant skills to potential employers. It shows initiative, adaptability, and a proactive attitude towards professional development.
In a job search, the most useful sources can vary depending on individual preferences and industry-specific factors. However, commonly valuable sources include online job boards, professional networking platforms, industry-specific websites, recruitment agencies, and personal connections.
The most useful sources in a job search can differ based on individual circumstances and industry-specific factors. However, some commonly beneficial sources include:
a) Online job boards: Websites like LinkedIn, Indeed, Glassdoor, and industry-specific job boards provide a vast range of job listings across various industries and locations. These platforms allow job seekers to search and apply for positions that align with their skills and interests.
b) Professional networking platforms: Platforms like LinkedIn provide opportunities to connect with professionals in specific industries, join industry-related groups, and access job postings. Networking platforms facilitate building professional relationships and expanding one's network, which can lead to job referrals and hidden job opportunities.
It is essential for job seekers to leverage a combination of these sources based on their specific goals, industry, and personal preferences to maximize their job search effectiveness.
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Suppose Rio TintoAlcan is considering the construction of a new aluminum ameter in Northern Quebec, the operation of which requires a great deal of electricity Suppose also that the price of electricity is predicted to rise significantly in the near future. As a result, the firm decides to embark on new research and development which leads to the development of a new production technique that uses less electricity per tonne of aluminum produced. This is an example of
A. short-run profit maximization. B. short-run cost minimization. C. the marginal rate of substitution between factors. D. innovation away from increases in factor prices. E. long-run economies of scale.
The correct answer is D. innovation away from increases in factor prices.This scenario of Rio TintoAlcan, considering the construction of a new aluminum ameter in Northern Quebec operation which requires a great deal of electricity is an example of innovation away from increases in factor prices.
In the given scenario, the firm has taken a step towards a new research and development which led to the development of a new production technique that uses less electricity per tonne of aluminum produced. They are aware of the future increase in the price of electricity and thus innovating the new production technique. Hence, D. innovation away from increases in factor prices. is the correct answer.
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When an intercompany transaction involves depreciable assets, there are further adjustments to be considered in later periods, including depreciation. The parent separate-entry incremental depreciation expense and negative impact on its retained earnings offsets the gain reported by the subsidiary in its retained earnings over time in an upstream sale. Until these amounts are equal consolidation entries are required
a) True
b) False
The parent’s separate-entity net income will not be equal to consolidated net income attributable to shareholders of the parent if the equity method is used. This is why the cost method is often used.
a) True
b) False
The first statement "When an intercompany transaction involves depreciable assets, there are further adjustments to be considered in later periods, including depreciation.
The parent separate-entry incremental depreciation expense and negative impact on its retained earnings offsets the gain reported by the subsidiary in its retained earnings over time in an upstream sale. Until these amounts are equal consolidation entries are required" is true. The second statement "The parent’s separate-entity net income will not be equal to consolidated net income attributable to shareholders of the parent if the equity method is used. This is why the cost method is often used." is also true.
Explanation: The first statement regarding intercompany transactions involving depreciable assets is true because when such transactions happen, there are other considerations and adjustments that need to be made later. The depreciation costs are included, and the gain reported by the subsidiary needs to be offset by the parent's separate-entry incremental depreciation expense and its negative impact on its retained earnings.
To reach a point where these amounts are equal, consolidation entries are necessary. Thus, the statement is true. The second statement is also true. When using the equity method, the parent's separate-entity net income will not be equal to consolidated net income attributable to shareholders of the parent.
This is because the equity method is a means of accounting for investments where the parent company exerts significant influence over the subsidiary but does not fully control it. The cost method, on the other hand, is often used since it is less complex, more straightforward, and produces results that are easier to analyze.
As a result, this statement is also true.
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The assertion is untrue. For effective consolidation accounting, adjustments made in subsequent years, including depreciation, are required when an intercompany transaction contains depreciable assets. The answer is (B), thus. The assertion is untrue. The parent's separate-entity net income when the equity method is applied is equal to the parent's consolidated net income attributable to shareholders.
By subscribing to the IPOs, shareholders may have purchased their shares on the primary market, giving the firm capital. However, the majority of owners purchase their shares on the secondary market and do not contribute any money to the company directly.
Depending on the share class, shareholders may receive specific benefits. Generally speaking, a company is governed for the benefit of its shareholders by its board of directors.
Some people believe that shareholders are a subset of stakeholders, which might encompass anybody with a direct or indirect interest in the company.
For instance, stakeholders like as the community, customers, suppliers, and workers are often seen as such since they have an effect on the business or add value to it.
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One representative perfectly competitive firm has a total cost function given by TC =Q³-6Q²+49Q. a. Is this firm in the long or short run? A. long run B. short run Explain your choice on your answer sheet.
b. What will the industry's long run equilibrium price be? $ ___
c. What is the firm's profit? $___ Let the market demand function be given by Q = 606-6P. d. What is the equilibrium level of output for the market? Now, suppose the government imposes a tax of $5 per unit on the output. e. How much does the firm receive per unit? $ __
f. How much do consumers pay per unit? $ __
g. Who bears more of the burden of the tax? O Producer
O Consumer
The firm is in the short run because it included the fixed cost (Q^3) in the cost function given.
Equilibrium price explained.b. Equilibrium price can be defined as the price at which the quantity of goods supply meets the the quantity of goods demanded on the equilibrium graph.
since information on demand and supply condition is not provided , we can not calculate the equilibrium price.
c. To get the firm's profit, we need to take the derivative of the total cost function with respect to Q and setting it equal to the market price as follow;
MC = dTC/dQ = 3Q² - 12Q + 49
MR = P = 606 - 6Q
By equating MC = MR, we have;
3Q² - 12Q + 49 = 606 - 6Q
3Q² - 6Q - 557 = 0
Q = [6 ± sqrt(6² + 4(3)(557))] / (2*3)
Q ≈ 16.6 or Q ≈ 29.7
At Q = 16.6, P = 606 - 6(16.6) = $504.4
Total revenue = P x Q = $8,370.64
Total cost = TC(Q=16.6) = $7,378.96
Profit = Total revenue - Total cost = $991.68
At Q = 29.7, P = 606 - 6(29.7) = $424.2
Total revenue = P x Q = $12,602.34
Total cost = TC(Q=29.7) = $12,120.63
Profit = Total revenue - Total cost = $481.71
Hence, the firm profit is $991.68.
d. Equilibrium level of output for the market,
Since information of about market supply curve is not provided , we can not calculate this.
e. Since the tax is $5 per unit on output, the firm's revenue per unit will be reduced by $5.
Hence, the firm will receive $504.4 - $5 = $499.4 per unit.
f. Consumers will pay the market price plus the tax, which is $504.4 + $5 = $509.4 per unit.
g. Both the producer and the consumer will bear the burden of the tax. However, we can only determine who bear it more by having information on elasticity of demand and supply.
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How can you calculate beginning amount of a company using free
cash flow to equity if we have FCFE, CAPEX and ROE for various
years?
The beginning amount of a company can be calculated using the free cash flow to equity (FCFE) along with the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and return on equity (ROE) for different years.
To calculate the beginning amount of a company using the free cash flow to equity (FCFE), capital expenditures (CAPEX), and return on equity (ROE), several steps need to be followed. Firstly, the FCFE for each year must be determined. FCFE represents the cash available to the equity holders after deducting expenses, taxes, and reinvestment needs. This can be obtained from financial statements or available data.
Next, the average ROE needs to be calculated. ROE measures the profitability of the company's equity and is derived from the given data for each year. The average ROE is computed by summing up all the ROE values and dividing the sum by the number of years.
Estimating the future FCFE comes next. Based on the average ROE calculated earlier, future FCFE can be projected by considering the company's performance and growth prospects.
The terminal value is then determined, representing the value of the company beyond the forecasted period. This is calculated by dividing the FCFE of the last forecasted year by the difference between the average ROE and the long-term growth rate of the company.
Applying the discounted cash flow (DCF) method is the next step to calculate the present value of the estimated future FCFE and the terminal value. Each cash flow is discounted using an appropriate discount rate to account for the time value of money.
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you want to save an equal amount each year for the next 38 years, at which time you will retire. what amount of annual savings are needed if you desire a retirement income of $55,000 per year for 25 years and earn 7.5 percent, compounded annually?
To calculate the amount of annual savings needed for retirement, we can use the concept of present value. Present value helps us determine the current value of future cash flows.
In this scenario, we need to find the annual savings required to accumulate enough money to provide a retirement income of $55,000 per year for 25 years. The interest rate is 7.5 percent, compounded annually.
To start, let's calculate the future value of the retirement income. We use the formula FV = PV * (1 + r)ⁿ, where FV is the future value, PV is the present value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years.
Given that we want the retirement income for 25 years, we can calculate the future value as follows: FV = $55,000 * (1 + 0.075)²⁵.
Now, let's find the present value of this future value. The present value formula is PV = FV / (1 + r)ⁿ.
Substituting the values, we get: PV = ($55,000 * (1 + 0.075)²⁵) / (1 + 0.075)³⁸.
Finally, to determine the annual savings needed, we divide the present value by the number of years, which is 38.
In summary, to provide a retirement income of $55,000 per year for 25 years, with an interest rate of 7.5 percent, compounded annually, you would need to save an annual amount equal to the present value calculated above, divided by 38.
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Match the following terms to their meanings: Subtasks A. Adding additional resources to a project Resource Sheet view B. When the duration of a task is shortened as resources Effort-driven scheduling are added or lengthened as resources are removed Crashing c. The process of correcting overallocated resources Leveling D. Used to enter resource information in columns and rows E. Related tasks that further define the summary tasks
We have Matched the following terms to their meanings in the second part of the answers as per the designated questions.
A. Subtasks - Related tasks that further define the summary tasks
B. Effort-driven scheduling - When the duration of a task is shortened as resources are added or lengthened as resources are removed
C. Crashing - Adding additional resources to a project
D. Leveling - The process of correcting overallocated resources
E. Resource Sheet view - Used to enter resource information in columns and rows.
So as per above we have seen that the following terms mentioned in the question have been matches with their related terms.
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ramirez wellness borrowed $150,000 for five years and is now making monthly payments that include both principal and interest. paying off the debt by making installment payments, such as this firm is doing, is referred to as:
The term used to describe the process of paying off a debt through regular installment payments, like Ramirez Wellness is doing, is called amortization.
Amortization involves dividing the total loan amount, in this case 150,000, into equal monthly payments over a specific period of time, which is five years in this scenario.
Each monthly payment made by Ramirez Wellness will consist of both principal and interest. The principal is the original amount borrowed, in this case 150,000. The interest is the cost of borrowing the money, which is calculated based on the interest rate and the remaining balance of the loan.
As the firm continues to make its monthly payments, a portion of each payment goes towards reducing the principal amount owed, while the remainder is used to cover the interest charges. Over time, the principal balance decreases, and the interest charges become lower since they are calculated based on the remaining principal.
By following this process of making regular installment payments, Ramirez Wellness will gradually pay off the 150,000 debt over the course of the five-year period.
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Profitability Ratios The following selected data were taken from the financial statements of Vidahill Inc. for December 31, 2017, 2016, and 20Y5: December 31 20Y7 20Y6 20Y5 Total assets $246,000 $222,000 $198,000 Notes payable (8% interest) 80,000 80,000 80,000 Common stock 32,000 32,000 32,000 Preferred 7% stock, $100 par 16,000 16,000 16,000 (no change during year) Retained earnings 97,080 64,080 48,000 The 2017 net income was $34,120, and the 20Y6 net income was $17,200. No dividends on common stock were declared between 20Y5 and 20Y7. Preferred dividends were declared and paid in full in 20Y6 and 2017. a. Determine the return on total assets, the return on stockholders' equity, and the return on common stockholders' equity for the years 20Y6 and 20Y7. When required, round to one decimal place. 20Y7 20Y6 7.2 X % Return on total assets 14 X % Return on stockholders' equity 25.5 X % % Return on common stockholders' equity % % b. The profitability ratios indicate that the company's profitability has improved Since the return on assets is less than ✓the return on
It appears that the company's profit has improved since the return on assets and return on equity have increased from 20Y6 to 20Y7.
To calculate the profitability ratios, we need to use the net income and total assets or stockholders' equity for the respective years.
a. Return on Total Assets:
Return on total assets measures the profitability of a company's assets. It is calculated by dividing the net income by total assets and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage.
Return on Total Assets = (Net Income / Total Assets) * 100
For 20Y6:
Net Income (20Y6) = $17,200
Total Assets (20Y6) = $222,000
Return on Total Assets (20Y6) = (17,200 / 222,000) * 100 ≈ 7.7%
For 20Y7:
Net Income (20Y7) = $34,120
Total Assets (20Y7) = $246,000
Return on Total Assets (20Y7) = (34,120 / 246,000) * 100 ≈ 13.9%
b. Return on Stockholders' Equity and Return on Common Stockholders' Equity:
Return on stockholders' equity measures the profitability of the company's equity investment, and return on common stockholders' equity specifically focuses on the profitability attributable to common stockholders.
Return on Stockholders' Equity = (Net Income / Stockholders' Equity) * 100
Return on Common Stockholders' Equity = (Net Income / Common Stockholders' Equity) * 100
For 20Y6:
Net Income (20Y6) = $17,200
Stockholders' Equity (20Y6) = Common Stock + Preferred Stock + Retained Earnings
= $32,000 + $16,000 + $64,080 = $112,080
Common Stockholders' Equity (20Y6) = Common Stock + Retained Earnings
= $32,000 + $64,080 = $96,080
Return on Stockholders' Equity (20Y6) = (17,200 / 112,080) * 100 ≈ 15.4%
Return on Common Stockholders' Equity (20Y6) = (17,200 / 96,080) * 100 ≈ 17.9%
For 20Y7:
Net Income (20Y7) = $34,120
Stockholders' Equity (20Y7) = Common Stock + Preferred Stock + Retained Earnings
= $32,000 + $16,000 + $97,080 = $145,080
Common Stockholders' Equity (20Y7) = Common Stock + Retained Earnings
= $32,000 + $97,080 = $129,080
Return on Stockholders' Equity (20Y7) = (34,120 / 145,080) * 100 ≈ 23.5%
Return on Common Stockholders' Equity (20Y7) = (34,120 / 129,080) * 100 ≈ 26.4%
Therefore, the profitability ratios for 20Y6 and 20Y7 are as follows:
20Y6:
- Return on Total Assets: 7.7%
- Return on Stockholders' Equity: 15.4%
- Return on Common Stockholders' Equity: 17.9%
20Y7:
- Return on Total Assets: 13.9%
- Return on Stockholders' Equity: 23.5%
- Return on Common Stockholders' Equity: 26.4%
It appears that the company's profitability has improved since the return on assets and return on equity have increased from 20Y6 to 20Y7.
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