(i) Leon should invest fully in the risky asset for maximum return with a standard deviation below 4%. (ii) Expected return depends on the allocation to the risky asset, while standard deviation depends on the allocation between risky and safe assets. (iii) Expected return can be expressed as a function of accepted standard deviation using weighted averages. (iv) Price of risk reflects the additional return investors demand for higher risk levels.
(i) To construct a portfolio with the highest rate of return possible and a standard deviation no larger than 4%, Leon should invest his entire wealth in the risky asset. Since the risky asset has a higher expected return of 26%, allocating all his funds to this asset would maximize his overall rate of return.
(ii) Assuming Leon invests x% of his wealth in the risky asset, his expected return can be calculated using the weighted average formula:
Expected Return = (x% * Expected Return of Risky Asset) + ((100 - x)% * Expected Return of Safe Asset)
The standard deviation of his wealth can be calculated using the formula:
Standard Deviation = sqrt[(x%^2 * (Standard Deviation of Risky Asset)^2) + ((100 - x)%^2 * (Standard Deviation of Safe Asset)^2) + (2 * x% * (100 - x)% * Covariance of Risky and Safe Assets)]
(iii) By substituting the appropriate values into the equations derived in (ii), the expected return on Leon's wealth can be expressed as a function of the standard deviation he accepts.
(iv) The price of risk is a measure of the trade-off between risk and return. It can be calculated by dividing the risk premium (difference between the expected return of the risky asset and the risk-free rate) by the standard deviation of the risky asset. A higher price of risk implies investors require a higher return for taking on additional risk.
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You are attending a one week training and the cost of training is Rs.50.000/-. Since you have to attend the training, you are taking leave on loss of pay basis and the loss of pay on your salary is Rs.25000/- per week. The Economic cost for attending the training program is
75,000 50,000 25,000 None of the above
choose the correct answer
The economic cost of attending the training program is Rs.75,000/-.
The economic cost of attending the training program can be calculated by considering the cost of the training itself and the loss of pay due to taking leave.
The cost of the training is given as Rs.50,000/-.This is the direct cost of attending the program.
Additionally, when you take leave on a loss of pay basis, you incur a loss of Rs.25,000/- per week from your salary. Since the training program lasts for one week, the loss of pay due to attending the program is Rs.25,000/-.
To calculate the economic cost, we need to add the cost of training and the loss of pay.
Rs.50,000/- (cost of training) + Rs.25,000/- (loss of pay) = Rs.75,000/-
Therefore, the correct answer is 75,000.
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an economic community, also known as a _______, is a group of nations within a certain geographical region that have agreed to remove trade barriers with one another.
An economic community, also known as a "customs union," is a group of nations within a certain geographical region that have agreed to remove trade barriers with one another.
By establishing a customs union, member countries aim to create a common market or economic zone within which goods, services, and factors of production (such as capital and labor) can move freely. This means that goods produced within the customs union can be traded among member countries without facing tariffs or other trade barriers.
In addition to the removal of trade barriers, economic communities often involve cooperation in other areas, such as harmonizing regulations and standards, coordinating economic policies, and promoting the free movement of people and capital within the region. These efforts aim to deepen economic integration, enhance trade flows, attract investments, and foster economic growth and development among member countries.
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Imagine you are running a large computer retailer and you are looking to import computers from a new manufacturer in Indonesia. This is your first dealing with this particular manufacturer, and the manufacturer is reluctant to ship the computers before receiving payment. However, you are reluctant to send money to this manufacturer before receiving the computers. (You are both worried that the other party will not meet its commitments). What money market instrument could be used to help facilitate this challenge?
A) With your bank, you could create a banker's acceptance which would facilitate the transaction
B) With support from the Federal government, you could send a T-bill to the manufacturer in Indonesia
C) You could issue commercial paper which would facilitate the transaction
D) You could enter into a repurchase agreement with the manufacturer in Indonesia
Option A is the correct answer: With your bank, you could create a banker's acceptance which would facilitate the transaction. To facilitate the challenge of importing computers from a new manufacturer in Indonesia.
A banker's acceptance is a financial instrument issued by a bank on behalf of its customer, guaranteeing payment at a future date. In this scenario, the buyer can work with their bank to create a banker's acceptance, which acts as a payment guarantee to the manufacturer. The manufacturer can have confidence in receiving payment as the banker's acceptance represents a commitment from the bank to pay on behalf of the buyer.
By utilizing a banker's acceptance, both parties can mitigate their concerns. The manufacturer in Indonesia can have assurance that payment will be made, while the computer retailer can have confidence that the computers will be delivered before making the payment. This instrument helps establish trust and facilitates the transaction between the two parties.
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Can someone PLEASE check if I am doing this correctly?
a. Prepare a purchases budget for the first quarter of the year in units, in total, and in dollars.
Prepare a purchases budget for the first quarter of the year, you will need to consider the units, total, and dollar amounts.
Determine the number of units you expect to purchase for each item during the first quarter of the year. Make a list of the items and estimate the quantity needed for each. Calculate the total units for each item by multiplying the quantity needed by the number of items. This will give you the total number of units you need to purchase for each item. Determine the cost per unit for each item. This can be obtained from your supplier or based on previous purchase prices.
Multiply the total units for each item by the cost per unit to calculate the total cost for each item. Add up the total costs for all items to get the total purchases cost for the first quarter in dollars. Present the purchases budget in a clear and organized format, either in a table or a spreadsheet. Include the item name, quantity needed, cost per unit, total units, and total cost for each item. Finally, provide the grand total of all the purchases.
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formation pertaining to Collection Corporation's sales revenue is presented below:
November December January
Cash sales $ 100,000 $ 129,000 $ 82,000
Credit sales 292,000 454,000 238,000
Total sales $ 392,000 $ 583,000 $ 320,000
Management estimates that 5% of credit sales are eventually uncollectible. Of the collectible credit sales, 65% are likely to be collected in the month of sale and the remainder in the month following the month of sale. The company desires to begin each month with an inventory equal to 75% of the sales projected for the month. All purchases of inventory are on open account; 20% will be paid in the month of purchase, and the remainder paid in the month following the month of purchase. Purchase costs are approximately 60% of the selling prices.
Budgeted December cash payments by Collection Corporation for December inventory purchases are:
Multiple Choice
• $46,290.
• $69,960.
• $185,160.
• $279,840.
• $292,075.
The budgeted December cash payments for inventory purchases by Collection Corporation is $90,800.
Based on the given information, the budgeted December cash payments by Collection Corporation for December inventory purchases can be calculated as follows:
Calculate the projected sales for December:
December sales = Total sales - Cash sales = $583,000 - $129,000 = $454,000
Calculate the desired beginning inventory for December:
Beginning inventory = 75% of December sales = 0.75 * $454,000 = $340,500
Calculate the purchases of inventory for December:
Purchases = Beginning inventory + December sales - Ending inventory
Ending inventory = Beginning inventory = $340,500 (since it is assumed to be the same as the desired beginning inventory)
Purchases = $340,500 + $454,000 - $340,500 = $454,000
Calculate the cash payments for inventory purchases in December:
Cash payments = 20% of purchases = 0.20 * $454,000 = $90,800
Therefore, the budgeted December cash payments by Collection Corporation for December inventory purchases is $90,800.
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Draw a basic aggregate demand and supply graph (with LRAS constant) that shows the economy is in long-run equilibrium, label it as A. a) Assume that there is a large increase in demand for Canadian exports. Show the resulting short-run equilibrium on your graph. In this short-run equilibrium, call it B, is the unemployment rate likely to be higher or lower than it was before the increase in exports? Briefly explain
Your Company sold inventory under FOB destination. Shipping cost of $160 were paid in cash. How is this transaction classified?
a. not recorded on Your Company's books
b. adjusting entry
c. paid bill entry
d. cash entry
e. deferral entry
f. accrual entry
This transaction is classified as an accrual entry. When a company sells inventory under FOB destination, it means that the ownership and responsibility for the inventory transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods reach their destination.
Your company sold inventory under FOB destination and paid $160 in cash for the shipping cost.
1. Debit the Shipping Cost Expense account for $160. This reflects the outflow of cash for the shipping cost and is classified as an expense.
2. Credit the Cash account for $160. This records the decrease in cash due to the payment made.
The accrual entry recognizes the expense of the shipping cost when it is incurred, even if the cash payment is made at a later time. This ensures that the financial statements accurately reflect the expenses and liabilities of the company during the period in which they occur.
It's important to note that the classification of this transaction may vary depending on the specific accounting policies and practices of your company. It's always recommended to consult with your company's accountant or financial advisor to ensure accurate classification and recording of transactions.
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anki can solicit new products from internal research, customers, or competitors’ products. in which stage of the new product development process does this occur? Multiple Choice concept testing product launch product development market testing idea generation
Anki can solicit new products from internal research, customers, or competitors' products during the "idea generation" stage of the new product development process.
The new product development process typically consists of several stages, including idea generation, concept testing, product development, market testing, and product launch. Idea generation is the initial stage where new product ideas are generated. Anki can solicit new product ideas from various sources, such as internal research, customers, or even by studying competitors' products. This stage involves gathering and brainstorming potential ideas that have the potential to become new products. By seeking input from internal sources, customers, and competitors, Anki can gather a wide range of ideas and perspectives to fuel the innovation process. After the idea generation stage, the subsequent stages involve evaluating and refining the ideas, testing concepts, developing the product, conducting market testing, and finally, launching the product into the market.
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Birdie Corporation is the maker of high-quality golf bags. The company currently has three different lines of bags, which it sells to sporting goods stores and golf shops throughout the world. Birdie sells a constant mix of 4 small bags for each medium-sized bag and 5 medium bags for each large-sized bag. Total fixed costs for the year are expected to be $2,027,575.
Small Medium Large
Selling price per bag $ 120 $ 180 $ 275
Variable cost per bag $ 72 $ 114 $ 176
The breakeven point in units (for the year) would be: (Round up "Break-even units" to the nearest whole unit and do not round other intermediate calculations.)
Multiple Choice
26,788 small; 6,697 medium; 1,340 large.
29,196 small; 7,299 medium; 1,460 large.
31,398 small; 7,847 medium; 1,570 large.
32,893 small; 8,222 medium; 1,645 large.
None of the answer choices are correct.
The breakeven point in units (for the year) for Birdie Corporation cannot be determined using the provided information. None of the provided answer choices is correct.
To calculate the breakeven point, we need to consider the contribution margin per bag for each size category. The contribution margin is calculated by subtracting the variable cost per bag from the selling price per bag.
For small bags: Selling price per bag - Variable cost per bag = $120 - $72 = $48 contribution margin per bag.
For medium bags: Selling price per bag - Variable cost per bag = $180 - $114 = $66 contribution margin per bag.
For large bags: Selling price per bag - Variable cost per bag = $275 - $176 = $99 contribution margin per bag.
To find the breakeven point, we divide the total fixed costs for the year by the weighted average contribution margin per bag. However, the provided information does not specify the sales mix or the proportion of small, medium, and large bags sold. Without the sales mix information, we cannot accurately calculate the breakeven point in units.
Therefore, the correct answer choice is none of the given options since we cannot determine the breakeven point without the sales mix data.
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5- (10) Select and briefly describe the 3 most important of key business issues for The B2B company (or any other company).
Answer: The three most important key business issues for a B2B company (or any other company) are: Customer Acquisition and Retention, Operational Efficiency and Cost Management, Innovation, and Adaptation to Market Changes.
Explanation: Customer Acquisition and Retention: Attracting new customers while retaining existing customers is vital to the sustained growth of a business. This includes understanding your target market, identifying potential customers, and implementing effective marketing and sales strategies. Additionally, providing exceptional customer service and building long-term customer relationships is key to customer retention.
Operational Efficiency and Cost Management: Organizations must continually optimize their operations to improve efficiency and reduce costs. This includes optimizing processes, using technology, and implementing effective supply chain management practices. Efficient operations help increase productivity, reduce waste, and improve the overall profitability of your business.
Innovation and Adaptation to Market Changes: Businesses must remain competitive by constantly innovating and adapting to market changes. This includes observing industry trends, conducting market research, and investing in research and development. By identifying new customer needs and preferences, companies can develop new products or services and adjust their strategies to gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Problem 6-2A (Algo) Calculate ending inventory, cost of goods sold, sales revenue, and gross profit for four inventory methods (LO6-3, 6-4, 6-5) Ariana Bicycle Shop has the following transactions related to its top-selling Mongoose mountain bike for the month of March. Ariana Bicycle Shop uses a periodic inventory system. If Ariana Bicycle Shop chooses to report inventory using LIFO instead of FIFO, record the LIFO adjustment. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No Journal Entry Required" in the first account field.) Journal entry worksheet Note: Enter debits before credits
To calculate ending inventory, cost of goods sold, sales revenue, and gross profit for four inventory methods (LO6-3, 6-4, 6-5), we need to follow the given transactions related to Ariana Bicycle Shop's top-selling Mongoose mountain bike for the month of March.
First, let's understand the four inventory methods mentioned: LIFO, FIFO, average cost, and specific identification.1. LIFO (Last In, First Out): This method assumes that the most recently purchased items are sold first. Therefore, the cost of goods sold will be based on the cost of the most recent purchases, and the ending inventory will consist of the oldest purchases.
2. FIFO (First In, First Out): This method assumes that the oldest purchased items are sold first. The cost of goods sold will be based on the cost of the oldest purchases, and the ending inventory will consist of the most recent purchases.
3. Average Cost: This method takes the average cost of all inventory items. The cost of goods sold and ending inventory will be calculated based on the average cost per unit.
4. Specific Identification: This method identifies the cost of each individual item sold. The cost of goods sold and ending inventory will be based on the specific cost of each item.
To calculate the ending inventory, cost of goods sold, sales revenue, and gross profit, we need to know the specific transactions related to the Mongoose mountain bike for the month of March. Please provide the transactions, and I will be happy to guide you step-by-step through the calculations for each inventory method.
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Demir Leasing Company signs an agreement on January 1, 2015, to lease equipment to Azure Company. The following information relates to this agreement:
1. The term of the lease is 5 years. The equipment has an estimated economic life of 5 years.
2. The fair value of the asset at January 1,2015 , is 90,000
3. The present value of the minimum lease payments is 85,653.55:
4. The agreement requires equal annual rental payments of 20,541.11 to the lessor, beginning on January 1, 2015.
5. Azure Company assumes direct responsibility for all executory costs, which include the following annual amounts: (1) 900 to Frontier Insurance Company for insurance and (2) 1,600 for property taxes. These executory costs are not included in the annual rental payments; paid separately from the annual rental payments.
6. The lessee's incremental borrowing rate is 12%. The lessor's implicit rate is 10% and is known to the lessee.
7. The asset will revert to the lessor at the end of the lease term, at which time the asset is expected to have a residual value of zero.
8. Azure Company uses the straight-line depreciation method for all equipment. Instructions (Round all numbers to two decimal places.)
(a) Justify if this lease is a finance or operating lease.
(b) Prepare an amortization schedule that would be suitable for the lessee for the lease term.
(c) Prepare all of the journal entries for the lessee for 2015 and 2016 to record the lease agreement, the lease payments, and all expenses related to this lease. Assume the lessee's annual accounting period ends on December 31 .
The journal entries for the lessee for 2020 are as follows: Lease agreement: The lessee would record a leased asset and lease obligation for the present value of lease payments.
PV of lease payments = [$20,600.52 x (1 - 1/ (1 + 4%)^3)]/4%= $57,474.78 The leased asset will be recorded at $57,474.78Journal entry: Leased asset: Debit $57,474.78 Lease obligation: Credit $57,474.78 Lease payments: The lessee would record the lease payments for 2020 as: Journal entry: Lease obligation: Debit $17,149.42 (=$57,474.78 / 3 years) Cash: Credit $20,600.52 Expenses related to lease: The lessee would record the expenses related to the lease as: Interest expense: Debit $2,299.22 [= ($57,474.78 x 4%) for 2020] Depreciation expense: Debit $9,495.04 [= ($57,474.78 - $12,000) / 3 years] .
Accumulated depreciation: Credit $9,495.04Journal entry: Interest expense: Debit $2,299.22 Depreciation expense: Debit $9,495.04 Accumulated depreciation: Credit $9,495.04 Therefore, the journal entries for the lessee for 2020 are as follows: Journal entry Leased asset Debit $57,474.78 Lease obligation Credit $57,474.78 Journal entry Lease obligation Debit $17,149.42 Cash Credit $20,600.52Journal entry Interest expense Debit $2,299.22 Depreciation expense Debit $9,495.04Accumulated depreciation Credit $9,495.04.
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Just incase Corporation has issued a bond that has a 10% coupon rate, payable quarterly. The bonds mature in 5 years, have a face value of $1,000 and a yield to maturity of 8%. What is the price of the bond?
The price of the bond is approximately $1,115.40.
To calculate the bond price, we utilize the present value formula. Given a bond with a 10% coupon rate, payable quarterly, a 5-year maturity, a face value of $1,000, and a yield to maturity of 8%, we follow these steps: Determine the number of coupon payments: 5 years * 4 quarters = 20 coupon payments. Calculate the periodic coupon payment: $25 ($1,000 * 0.10 / 4). Calculate the present value of coupon payments: $434.82 ($25 * [(1 - (1 + 0.08 / 4))^(-20)] / (0.08 / 4)). Calculate the present value of the face value: $680.58 ($1,000 / (1 + 0.08 / 4)^20). Add the present values of the coupon payments and face value: $1,115.40 ($434.82 + $680.58). Hence, the bond price is approximately $1,115.40.
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Juniper Design Limited of Manchester, England, is a company specializing in providing design services to residential developers. Last year the company had net operating income of $480,000 on sales of $1,200,000. The company's average operating assets
for the year were $1,400,000 and its minimum required rate of return was 16%.
Required:
Compute the company's residual income for the year.
Juniper Design Limited's residual income for the year is $256,000.
Residual income is a measure of a company's performance that assesses its profitability in relation to its cost of capital. It can be calculated by subtracting the minimum required rate of return multiplied by the average operating assets from the net operating income.
Given:
Net operating income: $480,000
Sales: $1,200,000
Average operating assets: $1,400,000
Minimum required rate of return: 16%
To compute the residual income, we can use the following formula:
Residual Income = Net Operating Income - (Minimum Required Rate of Return * Average Operating Assets)
Residual Income = $480,000 - (0.16 * $1,400,000)
Residual Income = $480,000 - $224,000
Residual Income = $256,000
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The buyer of real estate made a down payment. The contract states that the buyer would be liable for damages in amount equal to the down payment if the buyer broke the contract. The buyer refusd to go through with the contract and demanded his down payment back. The seller refused to return it and claimed that he was entitled to additional damages from the buyer because the damages that he had suffered were more than the amount of the down payment. Decide.
**Explain using IRAC: Issue, Rule, Analysis, and Conclusion
The issue in this case is whether the seller is entitled to keep the down payment and claim additional damages from the buyer for breaching the contract.
The issue in this case revolves around the buyer's refusal to proceed with the real estate contract and the seller's refusal to return the down payment. To analyze this situation using IRAC (Issue, Rule, Analysis, Conclusion), we will consider the following:
Issue: The issue is whether the seller can keep the down payment and claim additional damages from the buyer.
Rule: The governing rule in this case would be the terms of the contract between the buyer and the seller. If the contract explicitly states that the buyer would be liable for damages equal to the down payment in the event of a breach, it would provide a basis for the seller's claim.
Analysis: Firstly, it is important to review the contract to determine the exact terms agreed upon by the parties. If the contract indeed specifies that the buyer would be responsible for damages equal to the down payment, then the seller would have a valid claim to retain the down payment.
However, if the contract does not clearly outline the consequences of a breach, or if it is silent on the issue of additional damages, it may be more difficult for the seller to assert a claim for additional damages beyond the down payment.
Conclusion: The conclusion will depend on the specific terms of the contract. If the contract explicitly states that the buyer would be liable for damages equal to the down payment, the seller would be entitled to retain the down payment.
However, if the contract does not provide for additional damages or is silent on the matter, the seller may not be able to claim additional damages beyond the down payment. It is crucial to carefully review the contract to determine the rights and obligations of both parties in this situation.
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Assume the total cost of a university education will be $60,000 when your child enters university in 8 years. You presently have $30,000 to invest. What annual rate of interest (APR) must you earn, if the interest is compounded semi-annually? Enter your answer as a percentage. Do not include the percentage sign in your answer. Enter your response below rounded to two decimal places. % Suppose you will need $12,000 in 19 years. If your bank compounds interest at an annual rate of 4%, how much will you need to deposit into your account 1 year(s) from now to reach your goal? Enter your answer rounded to two decimal places. Suppose you plan to save $8,000 at the end of each coming year for the next 22 years from now for retirement. The interest rate is 9%. How much will you have 22 years from now? Enter your response below. If the effective annual rate of interest is known to be 15% on a debt that has monthly payments, what is the annual percentage rate? Enter your answer as a percentage rounded to 2 DECIMAL PLACES. Do not include the percentage sign in your answer. Enter your response below. %
The questions involve calculations related to interest rates and future values. The first question requires determining the annual rate of interest required to reach a specific future value, given a present investment.
The second question involves finding the necessary deposit amount to achieve a future value based on a known interest rate. The third question requires calculating the future value of a series of annual deposits for retirement. The fourth question asks for the annual percentage rate (APR) given the effective annual rate.
The answers to these questions involve applying compound interest formulas and understanding the relationship between interest rates, time periods, and future values.
1. To find the annual rate of interest (APR) needed, we use the future value formula:
Future Value = Present Value × (1 + Interest Rate/2)^ (2 × Number of Periods)
$60,000 = $30,000 × (1 + Interest Rate/2)^(2 × 8)
(1 + Interest Rate/2)^16 = 2
By trial and error or using a financial calculator, we find that the interest rate required is approximately 4.24% (rounded to two decimal places).
2. To determine the deposit amount required, we use the future value formula:
Future Value = Present Value × (1 + Interest Rate)^Number of Periods
$12,000 = Present Value × (1 + 0.04)^19
Present Value = $12,000 / (1 + 0.04)^19
Present Value ≈ $4,730.49
Therefore, you would need to deposit approximately $4,730.49 in one year to reach your goal.
3. To calculate the future value of the retirement savings, we use the future value of an ordinary annuity formula:
Future Value = Annual Deposit × [(1 + Interest Rate)^Number of Periods - 1] / Interest Rate
Future Value = $8,000 × [(1 + 0.09)^22 - 1] / 0.09
Future Value ≈ $559,462.48
Therefore, you would have approximately $559,462.48 after 22 years.
4. The annual percentage rate (APR) can be calculated from the effective annual rate (EAR) using the formula:
EAR = (1 + APR/n)^n - 1
15% = (1 + APR/12)^12 - 1
By trial and error or using a financial calculator, we find that the annual percentage rate (APR) is approximately 14.49% (rounded to two decimal places).
These calculations demonstrate the application of compound interest formulas and the relationship between interest rates, time periods, present values, and future values in various financial scenarios.
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What is identified as the key issue to consider when deciding on policy ownership in the event of a claim? Select one:
Othe tax liability on the policy proceeds is kept to nil
Osufficient insurance is bought for the risk involved
Othe policy proceeds are made payable to the relevant and appropriate person or party
Oeach policy should be purchased by the life insured to make the process of a claim less complex
The key issue to consider when deciding on policy ownership in the event of a claim is to make sure that the policy proceeds are made payable to the relevant and appropriate person or party. By doing so, you can help ensure a smoother claims process and that the intended recipient receives the benefits they are entitled to.
When deciding on policy ownership in the event of a claim, the key issue to consider is ensuring that the policy proceeds are made payable to the relevant and appropriate person or party. This means that the individual or entity who should receive the policy proceeds should be clearly identified and designated as the beneficiary.
By ensuring that the policy proceeds are made payable to the correct person or party, you can help prevent any confusion or disputes during the claims process. This step is important because if the policy proceeds are not directed to the right recipient, it can lead to delays, legal complications, or even the wrong person receiving the benefits.
For example, let's say you have a life insurance policy and you want the proceeds to be paid to your spouse in the event of your death. To ensure that the policy proceeds are made payable to your spouse, you would need to designate them as the beneficiary in your policy documents.
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What is the coupon rate of a ten-year, $10,000 bond with semiannual coupons and a price of $9,629.74, if it has a yield to maturity of 6.4% ? A. 5.893% B. 7.072% C. 4.714% D. 8.25%
The coupon rate of the bond is approximately 7.2% or 7.072% when rounded to three decimal places
To find the coupon rate of a bond, we can use the formula:
Bond Price = (Coupon Payment / (1 + Yield/2)^n) + (Coupon Payment / (1 + Yield/2)^(n-1)) + ... + (Coupon Payment + Par Value / (1 + Yield/2)^2n)
In this case, we have a ten-year bond with semiannual coupons, a price of $9,629.74, and a yield to maturity of 6.4%. We need to solve for the coupon payment.
Let's calculate the coupon payment using the bond price and yield to maturity:
$9,629.74 = (Coupon Payment / (1 + 0.064/2)^20) + (Coupon Payment / (1 + 0.064/2)^19) + ... + (Coupon Payment + $10,000 / (1 + 0.064/2)^20)
Solving this equation will give us the coupon payment. Once we have the coupon payment, we can calculate the coupon rate by dividing the coupon payment by the face value of the bond.
After performing the calculations, the coupon rate of the bond is approximately 7.072%. Therefore, the correct answer is B. 7.072%.
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1. What are some ethical issues with respect to corporate business practices and stakeholder influence? 2. Could we, apply the concepts of responsibility to community development, and create a code of ethics based on the Anishinaabe Seven Grandfather Teachings? How and why? Explain your answer...
1.) Ethical issues in corporate business practices and stakeholder influence include conflict of interest, transparency, environmental impact, and labor practices.
2.) The Anishinaabe Seven Grandfather Teachings can guide community development by promoting ethical values like respect, honesty, love, humility, truth, bravery, and wisdom.
1.) Ethical issues related to corporate business practices and stakeholder influence can include:
Conflict of interest: When business decisions prioritize the interests of a specific stakeholder or group over others, it can raise ethical concerns regarding fairness and equity.Transparency and disclosure: Companies have a responsibility to provide accurate and comprehensive information to stakeholders, including customers, employees, and investors. Lack of transparency can lead to distrust and undermine stakeholder relationships.Environmental impact: Businesses must consider the ecological consequences of their operations and strive to minimize negative impacts, such as pollution, deforestation, or resource depletion. Failure to do so can result in harm to stakeholders and the wider environment.Labor practices: Ethical issues can arise when companies engage in exploitative labor practices, such as child labor, unsafe working conditions, or unfair wages. These practices can violate human rights and negatively impact the well-being of workers.2.) It is possible to apply the concepts of responsibility to community development and create a code of ethics based on the Anishinaabe Seven Grandfather Teachings.
The Seven Grandfather Teachings are principles rooted in Anishinaabe culture, promoting virtues such as respect, honesty, humility, love, truth, bravery, and wisdom. These teachings align with ethical principles and can serve as a foundation for guiding community development initiatives.
Creating a code of ethics based on the Seven Grandfather Teachings involves incorporating these values into decision-making processes, policies, and actions related to community development.
It means ensuring respect for individuals and communities, practicing honesty and truthfulness in engagements, promoting humility and cooperation, valuing wisdom and learning, nurturing love and compassion, and fostering bravery to address challenges and pursue justice.
Such a code of ethics can help guide community development practices in a culturally sensitive and respectful manner, promoting sustainable and equitable outcomes. It acknowledges the interconnectedness of individuals, communities, and the environment, and encourages responsible stewardship of resources.
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Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data is considered what
type of risk?
Strategic
Operational
Reporting
Legal
Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data is considered a strategic risk.
Sensitive data can include a wide range of information, such as financial data, customerPII, intellectual property, and trade secrets.
Unauthorized disclosure of this type of data could give competitors an advantage, allow criminals to commit fraud, or even put individuals' safety at risk.
For these reasons, unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data is considered a strategic risk.
Organizations should take steps to protect sensitive data from unauthorized disclosure, such as implementing strong security measures, training employees on data security, and conducting regular risk assessments.
Therefore, the correct answer is strategic risk.
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A process to produce Product "A" has four sequential steps. Step one takes 12 minutes, step two takes 8 minutes, step three takes 6 minutes and step four takes 10 minutes. The business operates 8 hours per day. What is the maximum output of this process per 8 hour day?
The maximum output of this process per 8-hour day is 13 units of Product "A".
To calculate the maximum output, we need to determine the total time required for each cycle of the process and divide the total available operating time by the cycle time. In this case, the process consists of four steps with respective durations of 12, 8, 6, and 10 minutes. Adding up these durations gives us a total cycle time of 36 minutes. Since the business operates for 8 hours per day (equal to 480 minutes), we divide the total available operating time by the cycle time to determine the maximum output. The result is approximately 13 units of Product "A" that can be produced within an 8-hour day.
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A budget is:
Group of answer choices
a. a plan for allocating resources
b. All of these.
c. a control mechanism
d. an expression of organizational policy
A budget is a plan for allocating resources. This means that it is a financial blueprint that outlines how an organization or individual plans to spend their money. A budget helps in managing income and expenses by setting limits and priorities. It allows for better decision-making and helps to ensure that resources are used efficiently and effectively.
A budget serves as a control mechanism because it provides a benchmark against which actual performance can be measured. By comparing actual expenses and revenues to the budgeted amounts, it becomes easier to identify any deviations and take corrective actions if needed. This helps in monitoring and controlling spending and ensures that the organization stays on track toward its financial goals.
A budget can also be seen as an expression of organizational policy. It reflects the goals, objectives, and priorities of an organization. For example, a budget that allocates a significant amount of funds toward research and development indicates that innovation and growth are top priorities for the organization.
In summary, a budget is a plan for allocating resources, a control mechanism, and an expression of organizational policy. It helps in managing finances, monitoring performance, and aligning resources with goals.
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In 2013, Zappos was performing well under the leadership of Tony Hsieh and was getting ready to take on a new challenge that would, among other things, push the boundaries of traditional human resource management. Although business was booming, Tony Hsieh was not a man who wanted to be in status quo mode for too long, so he set out to implement an organizational and cultural change called Holacracy. Zappos was the largest and best known of the 300 companies worldwide that had adopted Holacracy—a new form of hierarchy that is a "flexible, self-governing structure, where there are no fixed jobs but simply temporary functional roles." In a Holacracy, the main unit is called the "circle," which is a distinct yet fluid team. Leadership became similarly fluid with the changing circles. Circles are designed to meet certain goals and are created and disbanded as project needs change. The intent is that people self-select to work on projects that they want to work on and that they have the skills for. Tony also removed all previous titles. The role of manager went away and was replaced with three roles: "lead links" would focus on guiding the work in the circles; "mentors" would work on employee growth and development; and "compensation appraisers" would work on determining employees’ salaries. In 2015, he decided to further break down the divisions between many of the functions, changing them all to business-centric circles. There were changes to almost every human resource management structure that you can think of, and there were quite a few growing pains within the organization. Zappos began to look at employee pay, and Holacracy seemed to have a steep learning curve for many people, even though a "constitution" was created to provide guidance. Zappos was also facing 14% attrition, as some of the rapid and excessive changes were wearing on employees. Tony was a visionary, but for a lot of people it was hard to catch up and see the same vision. From a human resource management perspective, there could be some positive attributes of a Holacracy if it were to succeed—such as building engagement and helping to build talent and skill sets. There were also a few risks that needed to be dealt with carefully. When you create an organization in which people don’t have set teams or projects but instead determine what they want to work on, one of the big challenges is going to be determining the level and nature of their role, as well as the compensation for that role. If Holacracy is compared to a consulting organization, in which consultants are brought into different projects with different requirements, it is critical to first determine the level of their consultant role (based on their education, skills, experience, etc.) so that they can properly move from project to project yet maintain a role of a certain level. That level is then tied to a specific pay scale, so the same consultant will receive the same salary no matter which project he is on. If that consultant is "on the bench," or not placed on a project (or self-placed, in the case of Holacracy), then after a certain defined period that consultant may be at risk of termination. Holacracy is in some ways a challenging concept to think about, and self-management may not be able to work in all environments. A company that is implementing a Holacracy may find that they are able to master the process of selfselection of work in the "circles." The "task" part of the equation may not be much of an issue once people figure out how to navigate the circles. However, the "people" part of the equation may need some work. The greatest challenge may lie in the structures and processes of human resource management that ultimately define the employeremployee relationship.
Critical Thinking Questions
1. What are some of the human resource management processes that might be enhanced by a Holacracy? What processes will be challenged?
2. Do you think that a Holacracy can be compared to a consulting company? How are they similar,s and how are they different? Can you think of work areas or industries in which Holacracy would be very difficult to implement?
Holacracy has the potential to enhance human resource management processes such as employee engagement and talent development. However, it also poses challenges in determining role levels and compensation. While Holacracy shares some similarities with consulting companies, it differs in terms of the self-selection process and the complexities of role definition and compensation. Holacracy may be difficult to implement in industries that require strict hierarchies and clear roles for safety and compliance purposes.
1. Holacracy can enhance certain human resource management processes, such as employee engagement and talent development. In a Holacracy, employees have the freedom to choose which projects they want to work on based on their skills and interests. This self-selection process can lead to higher engagement because employees are more likely to be motivated and invested in their work when they have the autonomy to choose projects that align with their passions.
Additionally, Holacracy can promote talent and skill development as employees have the opportunity to work on a variety of projects and roles within different circles. This allows employees to broaden their skill sets and gain experience in different areas, which can enhance their career growth and make them more versatile.
However, implementing Holacracy can also challenge certain human resource management processes. One of the main challenges is determining the level and nature of employees' roles, as well as their compensation. In a traditional hierarchical structure, job titles and levels are predefined, making it easier to determine compensation and career progression. In a Holacracy, where roles are fluid and temporary, defining job levels and tying them to compensation becomes more complex. This can create uncertainty and potential inequities in pay if not managed carefully.
2. While there are some similarities between a Holacracy and a consulting company, they also have distinct differences. Both Holacracy and consulting companies involve working on different projects with varying requirements. In a consulting company, consultants are typically assigned to projects based on their expertise and experience, and their compensation is determined based on their role level within the company.
In Holacracy, employees self-select the projects they want to work on based on their interests and skills. This self-selection process allows for greater autonomy and freedom, as employees have more control over their work assignments. However, in terms of compensation, Holacracy may face challenges in determining how to fairly reward employees for their roles, especially if roles and projects vary in terms of complexity and importance.
Holacracy may be difficult to implement in certain work areas or industries that require strict hierarchies, such as military organizations or highly regulated industries like healthcare. These industries often rely on clear chains of command and well-defined roles to ensure safety, compliance, and accountability. Implementing Holacracy in such environments may introduce too much ambiguity and complexity, potentially leading to inefficiencies and increased risk.
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Propose an Industry 4.0 digital transformation strategy to a UAE
based company of your choice.
When proposing an Industry 4.0 digital transformation strategy to a UAE based company, it is important to consider the specific needs and goals of the company. However, here is a general step-by-step approach that can be followed:
1. Assess the current state of the company: Understand the company's current operations, processes, and technologies. Identify areas where digitalization can bring improvements and efficiencies. This assessment will provide a foundation for developing the transformation strategy.
2. Set clear objectives: Define the goals and objectives of the digital transformation strategy. These objectives should align with the company's overall vision and mission. For example, the objectives could include improving productivity by 150%, reducing operational costs by 150%, or increasing customer satisfaction by 150%.
3. Identify key technologies: Determine which technologies are relevant to the company's industry and can contribute to the transformation strategy. Some examples of technologies commonly associated with Industry 4.0 include Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, cloud computing, and automation. Evaluate how these technologies can be integrated into the company's existing infrastructure and operations.
4. Prioritize implementation: Develop a roadmap for implementing the digital transformation strategy. Prioritize initiatives based on their impact and feasibility. Consider factors such as the company's budget, available resources, and timeline. It may be helpful to break down the strategy into phases or stages, ensuring that each phase builds upon the previous one.
5. Secure buy-in and support: Engage key stakeholders, including top management and employees, to secure their support and involvement in the transformation. Communicate the benefits and value of the digital transformation strategy to gain buy-in. Provide training and resources to ensure that employees understand and embrace the changes that will occur.
6. Implement and monitor progress: Execute the digital transformation strategy according to the established roadmap. Continuously monitor and evaluate the progress and impact of the initiatives. Make adjustments as necessary to optimize outcomes and address any challenges or roadblocks that may arise.
7. Foster a culture of innovation: Encourage a culture of innovation and continuous improvement within the company. Promote collaboration and knowledge-sharing among employees to drive further advancements and efficiencies. Emphasize the importance of adaptability and agility in an ever-evolving digital landscape.
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[10] Consider a three-country world: China, Colombia, and the U.S. China has 540 million unskilled and 300 million skilled workers; Colombia has 90 million unskilled and 60 million skilled workers; the U.S. has 72 million unskilled and 60 million skilled workers.
a. Suppose that Colombia opens up to trade with the U.S., but China trades with neither the U.S. nor Colombia. What will happen to wages for skilled and unskilled workers and the distribution of income in Colombia as a result? Explain, with the help of two diagrams (relative supply and the Lerner Diagram).
b. Suppose instead that when Colombia opens up to trade with the U.S., the U.S. already trades freely with China. Would your answer be different than in part a? Why or why not?
In this scenario, it is important to consider the specific details of the trade relationships and the relative strengths of each country in terms of their labor markets to determine the exact impact on wages and income distribution in Colombia.
a. When Colombia opens up to trade with the U.S., but China trades with neither the U.S. nor Colombia, the wages for skilled and unskilled workers, as well as the distribution of income in Colombia, will be affected.
In terms of wages, the increased trade between Colombia and the U.S. will lead to a higher demand for Colombian skilled workers, resulting in an increase in their wages. On the other hand, the increased competition from U.S. unskilled workers will lead to a decrease in the wages of Colombian unskilled workers.
To illustrate this, we can use the relative supply diagram, which shows the quantity of skilled and unskilled labor supplied by Colombia and demanded by the U.S. The increased demand for skilled labor will shift the relative supply curve for skilled workers upward, leading to higher wages. The increased supply of unskilled labor from the U.S. will shift the relative supply curve for unskilled workers downward, resulting in lower wages.
Additionally, we can use the Lerner Diagram to analyze the income distribution. The increase in wages for skilled workers will benefit them, while the decrease in wages for unskilled workers will negatively impact their income distribution.
b. If the U.S. already trades freely with China when Colombia opens up to trade with the U.S., the answer would be different. With China already trading freely with the U.S., there would be an established global market for skilled and unskilled labor. This means that the impact on wages and income distribution in Colombia would be influenced by both the U.S.-China trade and the Colombia-U.S. trade.
The effects on wages and income distribution in Colombia would depend on the comparative advantage of each country in the production of goods and services. If Colombia has a comparative advantage in producing goods that require skilled labor, it would benefit from the increased demand for its skilled workers. However, if the U.S. has a comparative advantage in producing goods that require unskilled labor, Colombian unskilled workers may face increased competition and lower wages.
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the information gathered from comparing an employee's work to an established standard is: multiple choice question.
A. a job adjustment
B. a performance appraisal
C. job enlargement
D. job rotation
The information gathered from comparing an employee's work to an established standard is referred to as a performance appraisal, option B
A performance appraisal, option B, involves the evaluation and assessment of an employee's job performance against predetermined standards or expectations. It is a systematic process that allows employers to measure an employee's achievements, strengths, areas for improvement, and overall contribution to the organization. By comparing an employee's work to an established standard, employers can objectively assess their performance and provide feedback, recognition, rewards, or even identify areas where additional training or development may be required.
During a performance appraisal, employers typically utilize various methods such as self-assessments, supervisor evaluations, peer reviews, and objective measurements to gather information about an employee's work performance. This information helps in determining whether an employee's performance aligns with the established standards and expectations for their role. It enables employers to identify high-performing employees for potential promotions or rewards and address any performance gaps or issues that may be hindering productivity or overall job performance.
In conclusion, a performance appraisal is the process through which information is gathered by comparing an employee's work to an established standard. It serves as a valuable tool for organizations to assess and manage employee performance, provide feedback, and make informed decisions regarding training, development, and career progression.
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Summarize the GE Bets on the Internet of Thinfs and Big Data
Analytics CASE STUDY from Management Information Systems managing
the Digital Firm 16th editionby Kenneth C Laudon
GE's bet on the Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics allowed them to leverage data to improve the performance, efficiency, and reliability of their industrial products. This case study showcases the strategic use of technology and data to drive innovation and create value in the industrial sector.
However, I can explain the general concept of the GE Bets on the Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics.
The case study discusses how General Electric (GE) made strategic bets on the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data Analytics. The Internet of Things refers to the network of physical objects embedded with sensors and software that enable them to collect and exchange data. Big Data Analytics involves the use of advanced analytics techniques to analyze large and complex data sets.
In this case, GE focused on using IoT and Big Data Analytics to improve the efficiency and performance of their industrial products, such as jet engines and power turbines. They developed sensors and software that could collect data from these products in real time. This data was then analyzed using advanced analytics techniques to gain insights and make data-driven decisions.
For example, by collecting data from their jet engines, GE was able to predict maintenance needs and avoid costly breakdowns. They also used data analytics to optimize the performance of their power turbines, resulting in energy savings and increased productivity.
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Question 11
Select ALL the statements that are correct
The simple rate of return is calculated using the present value
of cash inflows and outflows
The simple rate of return is calculated
The simple rate of return is a financial metric used to measure the profitability of an investment. It is calculated by dividing the net annual cash inflows by the initial investment cost and expressing it as a percentage.
To calculate the simple rate of return, follow these steps: 1. Determine the initial investment cost, which includes the cash outflows required to acquire the investment. 2. Estimate the net annual cash inflows, which are the cash inflows minus any annual expenses or outflows related to the investment.
3. Divide the net annual cash inflows by the initial investment cost. 4. Multiply the result by 100 to express it as a percentage. For example, if you invested $10,000 and received $2,000 in net annual cash inflows, the simple rate of return would be ($2,000 / $10,000) x 100 = 20%.
This means that the investment generates a 20% return on the initial investment cost each year. The simple rate of return is a useful metric for comparing different investment options and determining their profitability. It allows investors to assess the potential returns and make informed decisions based on the calculated rates.
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A CEO is worried that his company is misvalued by the market.
Based on extensive research, they determined the following:
* Free Cash flow to the firm will be 2,500 for 2022, will grow by 15% in 2023, and then 5% per year subsequently, as the firm enters a steady state.
* The firm's WACC is 8%.
Additional Information
Revenue ($) 15,000
EBITDA ($) 3,000
Net Income ($) 1,250
Market value of equity ($) 100,000
Market value of debt ($) 20,000
Number of Shares outstanding 2,000
P/E Ratio 80
Enterprise value-to-EBITDA (EV/EBITDA) Ratio 40
Assuming the Information above is correct, is the CEOs company STOCK:
a. Neither under nor Over-valued
b. Under-Valued
c. Over-valued
C) The CEO's company stock is overvalued because the calculated intrinsic value is $94,519.12, while the market value of equity is $100,000, indicating that it is priced higher than its intrinsic worth.
To determine if the CEO's company stock is overvalued, undervalued, or neither, we can calculate the intrinsic value of the stock using the discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation method. Let's perform the calculations:
1. Calculate the Free Cash Flow to the Firm (FCFF) for the upcoming years:
2022 FCFF = $2,500 (given)
2023 FCFF = $2,500 * (1 + 15%) = $2,875
2024 FCFF = $2,875 * (1 + 5%) = $3,018.75
2025 FCFF = $3,018.75 * (1 + 5%) = $3,169.69
...and so on.
2. Calculate the Terminal Value (TV) using the Gordon Growth Model:
TV = FCFF * (1 + g) / (r - g)
where g is the long-term growth rate and r is the weighted average cost of capital (WACC).
Let's assume g = 5% and r = 8%:
TV = $3,169.69 * (1 + 5%) / (8% - 5%) = $105,655.67
3. Calculate the present value of FCFF and TV using the WACC:
PV = FCFF / (1 + r)^n, where n is the number of years in the future.
PV of FCFF in 2022: $2,500 / (1 + 8%)^1 = $2,314.81
PV of FCFF in 2023: $2,875 / (1 + 8%)^2 = $2,468.68
PV of TV: $105,655.67 / (1 + 8%)^2 = $89,735.63
4. Calculate the sum of the present values to get the intrinsic value of the stock:
Intrinsic Value = PV of FCFF + PV of TV
Intrinsic Value = $2,314.81 + $2,468.68 + $89,735.63 = $94,519.12
5. Compare the intrinsic value to the market value of equity:
Market value of equity = $100,000 (given)
Based on the calculations, since the intrinsic value of the stock is $94,519.12 and the market value of equity is $100,000, the stock is slightly overvalued.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
c. Over-valued
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Starbucks sells coffee beans, which are sensitive to price fluctuations. The following inventory information is available for this product at December 31, 2017:
Coffee Bean Units Unit Cost Market Market
Coffea arabica 12,800 bags $5.40 $5.37
Coffea robusta 4,000 bags 3.40 3.50
Calculate Tascon's inventory by applying the lower-of-cost-or-market basis.
Tascon's inventory $ _____
To calculate Tascon's inventory using the lower-of-cost-or-market basis, we need to compare the cost and market values of the coffee beans and choose the lower value for each type of bean,Tascon's inventory, using the lower-of-cost-or-market basis, is $82,336.
1. Calculate the cost of Coffea arabica inventory:
- Units: 12,800 bags
- Unit Cost: $5.40
- Multiply the units by the unit cost to find the total cost: 12,800 bags * $5.40 = $69,120
2. Calculate the cost of Coffea robusta inventory:
- Units: 4,000 bags
- Unit Cost: $3.40
- Multiply the units by the unit cost to find the total cost: 4,000 bags * $3.40 = $13,600
3. Compare the market values to determine the lower value for each type of bean:
- Coffea arabica:
- Market value: $5.37 per bag
- Multiply the units by the market value: 12,800 bags * $5.37 = $68,736
- Since the market value ($68,736) is lower than the cost value ($69,120), we choose the market value for Coffea arabica.
- Coffea robusta:
- Market value: $3.50 per bag
- Multiply the units by the market value: 4,000 bags * $3.50 = $14,000
- Since the market value ($14,000) is higher than the cost value ($13,600), we choose the cost value for Coffea robusta.
4. Calculate Tascon's inventory by summing up the lower values for each type of bean:
- Coffea arabica inventory: $68,736
- Coffea robusta inventory: $13,600
- Add the inventories together: $68,736 + $13,600 = $82,336
Therefore, Tascon's inventory, using the lower-of-cost-or-market basis, is $82,336.
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