The respiratory system is define as the biological system which consists of specific organs and structures that is used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
What is the system model for Respiration?The respiratory system is defined as the network of organs and tissues which help with breathing that includes the airways, lungs, and blood vessels. The muscles that power the lungs are also part of the respiratory system, where the parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clear out waste gases like carbon dioxide.
The possible system model for respiration is as follow:
1. Inputs of the respiration
Oxygen ([tex]O_2[/tex]) is taken from the environmentNutrients (e.g. glucose) is taken from the diet2. Outputs of the respiration
Carbon dioxide ([tex]CO_2[/tex]) give to the environmentWater ([tex]H_2O[/tex]) give to the environment3. Storage of the Respiration
Energy which is stored in the form of ATP molecules4. Flows of the respiration
Oxygen and nutrients enter the body which are used in the respiratory system to produce ATP and release [tex]CO_2[/tex] and [tex]H_2O[/tex]This ATP is used by cells to power various functions like as muscle contraction, ion transport, and protein synthesis.It is a simplified model that does not include all the details and complexities of respiration and is intended to provide a general overview of the main inputs, outputs, storages and flows of energy and matter in the process of respiration.
Thus, the respiratory system is define as the biological system which consists of specific organs and structures that is used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
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ESSEX COUNTY COLLEGE MOODLE ROOMS MENT SYSTEM IONS STUDENT LIFE A NEWS MYECC CONTACT US September S-September 11 Pathophysiology Homework- 2016 (Fall 60 What is the action of natriuretic peptides? Select one
O a. They decrease heart rate and increase potassium excretion.
O b. They increase blood pressure and decrease sodium and water ex
O c. They decrease blood pressure and increase sodium and water excretion.
O d. They increase heart rate and decrease potassium excretion.
The action of natriuretic peptides that they increase heart rate and decrease potassium excretion.
The heart produces natriuretic peptides and increase the heart rate. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide are the two primary types of these molecules (NT-proBNP). BNP and NT-proBNP are typically only detected in trace amounts in the blood. High levels may indicate that your heart isn't supplying your body with as much blood as it requires. Congestive heart failure, also referred to as heart failure, results from this. Natriuretic peptide assays, blood tests that evaluate BNP or NT-proBNP levels. A BNP test or an NT-proBNP test may be requested by your doctor, but not both. Both of these help identify heart failure even though they employ distinct criteria.
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the presence of an epiphyseal line indicates
An epiphyseal lines on an x-ray shows that the bones has reached the end of its growth cycle.
An ossified epiphyseal plate is referred to as an epiphyseal line. Epiphyseal closure refers to the process through which it develops from an epiphyseal plateIt designates the junction where the epiphysis and metaphysis fuse in adults.An epiphyseal plate is an indication that an individual is still developing. Long bones grow in the growth plate, sometimes referred to as the epiphyseal plate, which is a thin cartilage layer located between the epiphyses & metaphyses. With the insertion of bone tissue at the epiphyseal plate, long bones grow longer and wider through a process known as appositional growth.
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review the following list of processes that can alter the genetic make up of a population. which one is considered by scientists to be primarily responsible for evolution?
Mutations is considered by scientists to be primarily responsible for evolution. Mutations are essential to evolution. Every genetic feature in every organism was, initially, the result of a mutation. The new genetic variant (allele) spreads via reproduction, and differential reproduction is a defining aspect of evolution.
The processes that can alter the genetic makeup of a population are: genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, and natural selection. Of these, natural selection is considered by scientists to be primarily responsible for evolution.
Step 1: Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more common or less common in a population over time. This happens when individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than others. For example, if there is a change in the environment, some individuals may have traits that make them more likely to survive and reproduce in that environment, while others may not.
Step 2: As individuals with certain traits reproduce, their offspring will also have those traits. Over time, these traits become more common in the population. This means that the traits that are beneficial for survival and reproduction will become more common, and those that are not beneficial will become less common.
Step 3: As the population evolves, the genetic make up of the population changes. This change is due to natural selection, which is the primary cause of evolution. Over time, the population will become better adapted to its environment, as the traits that are beneficial will become more common and the traits that are not beneficial will become less common.
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drag the appropriate trnas to the binding sites on the ribosome to show the configuration immediately before a new peptide bond forms. note that one of the binding sites should be left empty.
E box — empty P box-3 purple objects with the bottom initials AUA, One purple object, a box, bearing the letters UCC
What is t-RNA ?
Transfer RNA (abbreviated as tRNA and formerly known as soluble RNA) is an adapter molecule made up of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length (in eukaryotes), that acts as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins.
In order to accomplish this, transfer RNA (tRNA) transports an amino acid to the ribosome, a component of a cell's machinery responsible for protein synthesis.
Protein synthesis is based on the mRNA code and occurs when a messenger RNA (mRNA) codon is complemented by a tRNA anticodon, which has three nucleotides. Thus, tRNAs are a crucial part in translation, which is the biological production of new proteins in accordance with the genetic code.
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Gene flow is accomplished by ______.
Gene flow is accomplished by migration.
What is gene flow accomplished by?Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another. Gene flow can take place between two populations of the same species through migration, and is mediated by reproduction and vertical gene transfer from parent to offspring.Process of gene flow is when certain alleles (genes) move from one population to another geographically separated population. In plant pathology, gene flow is very important because it deals with the movement of virulent mutant alleles among different field populations.When fertile individuals or their gametes (sex cells) move between populations, there is a gene flow. Genetic diversity between populations tends to decrease as a result of gene flow. Gene flow can eventually combine nearby populations into a single population with a common gene pool if it is significant enough.Learn more about gene flow here: brainly.com/question/17190749
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In eukaryotes, dna is wrapped around ______________ proteins, forming structures called _____________.
In the eukaryotes, dna is wrapped around Histone proteins, forming structures called Nucleosome.
Eukaryotes use a different kind of packing strategy to fit their DNA within the nucleus since each of their chromosomes is made up of a linear DNA molecule. At the most fundamental level, nucleosomes are made of structures called histone proteins wrapped around DNA.
H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 are the names for a family of tiny, positively charged proteins known as histones (Van Holde, 1988). Histones link to DNA very firmly because DNA is negatively charged due to the phosphate groups in its phosphate-sugar backbone.
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using your understanding of genetic variation and evolutionary processes, why does the african human population have more genetic diversity than european or asian populations? choose all that apply.
African populations exhibit significant levels of genetic diversity and phenotypic variation since modern humans are thought to have originated there and have adapted to a variety of environments.
The variety of various inherited features within a species is referred to as genetic diversity. There would be many people with a wide range of diverse traits in a species with significant genetic diversity. For a population to adapt to changing surroundings, genetic variety is essential. The ability of a population to adjust to changes will be lowered if a highly chosen and low diversity strain—such as fish populations raised for aquaculture—is transplanted into a wild population. One of the best examples of genetic variety is the various breeds of dogs that have been created by selective breeding. There are more than 50,000 different types of rice.
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few adult workers, brood pattern is spotty, drone brood or drone adults are not necessarily present
Option 1 - Few adult worker bees, spotty breeding pattern, drone chicks or adult drones not always present.
This condition means that the colony has no queen and has layers. Worker bees are female, have ovaries, and can lay eggs, so if the colony is without a queen bee for a long period of time, it may develop into a worker bee. However, it can only produce fertilized eggs.
Option 2 - Few adults, few irregular broods, multiple eggs in cells, many adult drones, broods limited to drone broods.
For bees, this bee condition means that the queen bee is producing inbred offspring for a variety of reasons. Perhaps the queen bee was a poor queen who mated poorly, failed to lay many eggs, or was forced to mate with her sibs when bee densities were low.
Option 3 - Many adults, many capped chicks, many young larvae, many eggs, no queen cells.
This condition occurs when the colony is a new, rapidly growing swarm. The presence of adult workers and the large number of hatted chicks suggest that the Queen was there at some point.
Option 4 - Many adults, many capped chicks, many young larvae, few or no eggs, queen cells present, in various stages of development.
A colony contains many adult worker bees, with many capped chicks and queen cells at various stages of development. That is, the colony flocks to the new home, the old queen bees leave the old hive, and the new queen bees hatch immediately from the hive. queen cell.
Option 5 - moderate number of adults, moderate amount of capped chicks, no young larvae, no eggs, mature queen cells present, multiple queen cells with open apex .
Option 6 - Moderate number of adults, moderate amount of capped chicks, no young larvae, no eggs, open queen cells present, some queen cells on the sides .This means that after the queens have fully developed for mating and have laid eggs after mating, the colonies quickly regroup and prepare to swarm.
Option 7 - Moderate number of adults, moderate amount of capped brood, moderate number of eggs and young larvae, her 2-3 queen cells of the same age.
This status means that the colony is banishing its queen. Replacement is carried out by female worker bees when the current queen bee does not fully fulfill its role in the hive. This is why the hive creates a new queen bee to replace or replace the old one.
Option 8 - Moderate number of adults, many eggs and young larvae, no covered chicks.
This state of the hive means that the colony will swarm several times and never swarm again. A lot of eggs in the hive means the colony is swarming, and too many queen cells will keep them swarming. Therefore, colony flocks do not lead to covered chicks.
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Explain how the loss of mangrove habitat can be seen as a Tragedy of the Commons.
The loss of mangrove habitat can be seen as a Tragedy of the Commons the destruction of a natural habitat known as a common that was overgrazed by cattle.
What are the main habitats?Estuaries, salt marshes and mangrove forests have more variation in salinity than other marine habitats like the ocean and sea floor because of the environment present in these locations.
They are considered to be unique ecosystems in semi-sheltered areas near the ocean coastline. These areas often serve as nursing grounds where young marine life is protected during development.
Thus, The loss of mangrove habitat can be seen as a Tragedy of the Commons the destruction of a natural habitat known as a common that was overgrazed by cattle.
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what is the cerebral spinal fluid's primary role? connecting the brain to the skull preventing viruses, toxins and bacteria from entering the brain's blood supply washing the brain of metabolic waste keeping an adequate amount of blood flowing into the brain
Your brain and spinal cord are surrounded by a clear, colorless fluid called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The cerebral spinal fluid's primary role is washing the brain of metabolic waste. So, the answer is c.
The fluid that circulates between two of the meninges, the thin tissue layers that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord, as well as inside and around the empty regions of the brain and spinal cord.
The choroid plexus, a type of brain tissue, produces cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles, or hollow regions, of the brain. also known as CSF.
CSF also serves the following functions: protecting the brain by acting as a cushion surrounding it to prevent damage, controlling the pressure inside the skull, nutrient delivery to the brain, getting rid of waste in the brain.
Therefore, the primary role of cerebral spinal fluid is to wash the brain of metabolic waste. Thus, option (c) is correct.
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what is the cerebral spinal fluid's primary role?
a. connecting the brain to the skull
b. preventing viruses, toxins and bacteria from entering the brain's blood supply
c. washing the brain of metabolic waste
d. keeping an adequate amount of blood flowing into the brain
can you place each example into the appropriate category of scientific evidence of evolution?
Each example can be categorized into the occupational observation of natural selection, the fossil record, biogeography and molecular and anatomical homologies.
OCCUPATIONAL OBSERVATION OF NATURAL SELECTION
1. Insect pesticide resistance development
2. Variations in finch beak sizes on average after wet or dry years
FOSSIL RECORD
1. the discovery of bones from a variety of dinosaur species
2. intermediate creatures that connect whales with extinct land-dwelling ancestors
BIOGEOGRAPHY
1. Australia has a rare collection of marsupial animals
2. Similarity between island species and species on the surrounding mainland
MOLECULAR AND ANATOMICAL HOMOLOGIES
1. Similar forelimb architecture in several mammal species
2. Similar genes and the same genetic language in yeasts, fruit flies, and humans.
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Which of the following statements gives adequate justification
for disproving Einstein's static universe theory?
O. Einstein used calculations and not a
telescope, so his theory must have
been wrong.
O Hubble's telescope was able to travel
through space and take more accurate
pictures.
O Einstein was known as a genius so his theories must be accurate.
O Hubble used telescopes to see stars
and galaxies in space and found
evidence that they are moving away.
Since his explanation of how light and gravity interact brought many disparate facts together, Einstein developed a new theory.
How does Einstein's general theory of relativity explain gravity?According to Einstein's general theory of relativity, matter or energy causes space (or more specifically, spacetime) to distort, which is what is meant by gravity. By distorting the geometry of the surrounding spacetime, a large object produces a gravitational field.
Which theory of gravity is now the most accurate?General relativity, commonly referred to as the general theory of relativity and Einstein's theory of gravity, is the geometric theory of gravitation that Albert Einstein presented in 1915 and serves as the basis for contemporary physicists' understanding of gravitation.
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Create the correct sequence of events for meiosis 1, starting at the top.
Chromosomes condense and cross over occur initially in meiosis I, followed by the alignment of paired homologues at the equator, the pulling of chromosomes to opposing poles, the clustering of separated homologues at each pole, and the re-formation of the nuclear envelope surrounding each daughter nucleus.
In meiosis, a parent cell divides into four daughter cells, each of which has half of the genetic material.
There are two types of meiosis: meiosis I and meiosis II.
During prophase I (meiosis I),
Chromosomes condenseBegins the formation of the spindle apparatus from cytoskeleton present in the cytoplasmThe homo-logous chromosomes pair and crossing over occurs. Crossing over refers to the interchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids.During metaphase I,
The homo-logous chromosomes align at the equator plate of the cellThe microtubules attach to the kinetochores of sister chromatidsDuring anaphase I,
The microtubules shortenThe chiasmata, which link homo-logous chromosomes together until anaphase I, are brokenThe homo-logous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles, thereby, one chromosome of each pair randomly moves to one pole of the cell and the homologous chromosome to the other.During telophase I,
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Full Question : Construct the correct sequence of events for meiosis I, starting at the top.
1. Separated homologues cluster at each pole.
2. Paired homologues align at the equator, microtubules attach to kinetochores of sister chromatids.
3. Microtubules shorten, chiasmata are broken, homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles.
4. Nuclear envelope re-forms around each daughter nucleus.
5. Chromosomes condense, forming of spindle apparatus begins, homologous chromosomes pair and crossing over occurs.
which of the following is most directly required to initiate the coupling of myosin to actin?
Calcium ions. Ca2+ binds to troponin, which removes tropomyosin from the myosin binding site on actin.
The myofilaments that are involved in the contraction and relaxation of the muscle are actin and myosin. The myosin attachment site is located on the thin filaments of actin, but the site is blocked by the proteins tropomyosin and troponin.
The tropomyosin's shape is altered when calcium ions in the muscle bind to troponin molecules. This alteration reveals the myosin's attachment point, and the myosin subsequently binds troponin to generate Powerstroke and cause a muscle to contract.
Thus, Calcium ions is correct.
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what is Emoji unicode?
Answer:
its a pictorial symbol that is usually presented in a colorful form to represent many things.
Explanation:
You have rock A with a volume of 15cm3 and a mass of 45 g. You have rock B with a volume of 30cm3 and a mass of 60g.
Answer the following questions:
Which of the two rocks is the heaviest?
Which of the two rocks is the lightest?
Which of the two rocks is most dense?
Which of the two rocks is the least dense?
According to the given question, rock B of mass 60g is heaviest and rock A of mass 45g is lightest. Rock A is most dense and rock B is least dense.
What is the relation between density, mass and volume?It is easy to determine a body's mass from its volume or vice versa using density; mass is equal to volume multiplied by density, while volume is equal to mass divided by density. This relation can be written as-
[tex]Density = \frac{Mass}{Volume}[/tex]
Now, it is given that-
Volume of rock A = 15 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex], Mass of rock A = 45 g
Volume of rock B = 30 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex], Mass of rock B = 60 g
So,
Density of rock A = 45 / 15 = 3 [tex]gm/cm^{3}[/tex]
Density of rock B = 60 / 30 = 2 [tex]gm/cm^{3}[/tex]
Therefore, rock A is denser than rock B. Rock B is heaviest and rock A is lightest.
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The heaviest rock is rock B, which weighs 60g, while the lightest rock is rock A, which weighs 45g. Rock B is the least dense, whereas Rock A is the densest.
What connection exists between mass, volume, and density?
Using density, it is simple to calculate a body's mass from its volume or vice versa. Mass is equal to volume times density, whereas volume is equal to mass divided by density. This connection can be expressed as:
[tex]Density = Mass/Volume[/tex]
Now that this is known,
Rock A has a volume of 15 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex] and a mass of 45 g.
Rock B has a volume of 30 [tex]cm^{3}[/tex] and a mass of 60 g.
So,
Rock density A = 45/15 = 3 [tex]gm/cm^{3}[/tex]
Rock density B = 60/30 = 2 [tex]gm/cm^{3}[/tex]
Rock A is therefore denser than Rock B. A is the lightest rock, whereas B is the heaviest.
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site of enzymatic breakdown of phagocytized material
LYSOSOMES are the location of phagocytized material's enzymatic breakdown and the source of cell autolysis.
Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids can all be broken down by the variety of enzymes found in lysosomes, membrane-enclosed organelles. Lysosomes serve as the cell's digestive system, breaking down substances taken in from the outside and breaking down unused parts of the cell. Lysosomes are typically pictured as thick, spherical vacuoles, however due to variances in the substances that have been taken up for digestion, they can exhibit significant size and shape diversity. Thus, lysosomes are morphologically varied organelles that are united by the process of digesting intracellular substances.
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antibodies are a part of which type of immunity? antibodies are a part of which type of immunity? neither humoral nor cell-mediated cell-mediated both humoral and cell-mediated humoral g
Both humoral and cell-mediated humoral include antibodies.
The main driving force behind humoral immunity, which generates antigen-specific antibodies, is B cells. However, mature T cells, macrophages, and the production of cytokines in response to an antigen are the main drivers of cell-mediated immunity, which is independent upon antibodies for its adaptive immunological functions. neither cell-mediated nor humoral, both cell-mediated and humoral, or neither humoral nor cell-mediated g
The main driving force behind humoral immunity, which generates antigen-specific antibodies, is B cells. Conversely, cell-mediated immunity is predominantly fueled by mature T cells and macrophages and does not rely on antibodies for its adaptive immunological function.
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1.how the kidneys metabolize carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins and the effect that these three macromolecules have on renal function.
2.Ehow the gross and histological structure of the kidney facilitates urine production during: 1) glomerular filtration, 2) tubular reabsorption, and 3) tubular secretion.
Urine production is facilitated by the kidney's gross and histological structure during glomerular filtration.
What is the kidney's histological structure?
The kidney is divided into numerous lobes that are arranged in a pyramidal structure, with the cortex making up the outside portion and the medulla the interior portion. Nephrons, which make up the majority of the kidney's one million functional units, are connected to a network of collecting tubules.
What kidney organelles are in charge of producing urine?The nephrons of the kidneys filter blood and create urine through a process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Your blood is filtered by the glomerulus, while waste is removed from and returned to your blood by the tubule.
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Match each hormone with its effect on water excretion. Stimulates sodium ion retention Natriuretic peptides Antidiuretic hormone Inhibits NaCI reabsorption by the collecting duct Causes water to reenter the bloodstream via the collecting duct Aldosterone Parathyroid hormone
Hormone with its effect on water excretion are as follows:
Natriuretic peptides: Inhibits NaCI reabsorption by the collecting duct
Antidiuretic hormone: Causes water to reenter the bloodstream via the collecting duct
Aldosterone: Stimulates sodium ion retention
Parathyroid hormone: Stimulates calcium ion retention
Hormones (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "to set into motion") are a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior. Hormones are necessary for the proper development of animals, plants and fungi. Due to the broad definition of hormones (as signaling molecules that exert their effects far from where they are produced), many types of molecules can be classified as hormones. Substances that can be considered hormones include eicosanoids (such as prostaglandins and thromboxane's), steroids (such as estrogens and brassinosteroids), amino acid derivatives (such as epinephrine and auxin), proteins and peptides (such as insulin and CLE peptide), and gases. (ethylene, nitric acid, etc.). oxide).
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Nucleotides contain sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. Which of the following is a nitrogen base?
ribose
guanine
tyrosine
deoxyribose
Biology A Semester Exam
this is all the answers 1 to 28
b,guanine
c 2and3
a, Exothermic reactions tend to release heat energy to the surrounding environment
d It may be reliable because they cited multiple high-quality studies from scientific journals
c osmosis
b, Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to its surface
d cell wall
c skeletal
d, break down starch.
a, respiratory and circulatory
d , the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast
b, 41 Calories is less than 410 kcal
d, lactic acid
b , phosphate group.
b, deletion mutation
a, 25%
d, The viral genome incorporates into the host genome during the lysogenic cycle
d, totipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → neuron
b Gene expression is different between different specialized cells.
c DNA
d, a model that illustrates how a cell divides into two identical cells
c 1and2
c an insertion mutation in an egg cell that deactivates a gene for hair color, resulting in a viable error
c epigenetics
a, Bottleneck effect, because it means most cheetahs could succumb to the same environmental stresses
a, A pair of homologous chromosomes fails to separate during anaphase I of meiosis.
a polygenic
this is 9 grade biology
hope this helps i just finished the test
Guanine is a nitrogen base from the given options contained in
Nucleotides.
What is Nucleotides?
Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, which are the nucleic acids that carry genetic information in living organisms. They are organic molecules made up of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar and a phosphate group. The four different nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
Guanine is one of the four main nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides, along with adenine, cytosine, and thymine. It is a purine base that is found in both DNA and RNA.
What is a nitrogen base?
A nitrogen base is an organic compound that contains nitrogen and is an essential component of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. Nitrogen bases are classified into two groups: purines and pyrimidines. Purines are composed of two fused rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms, while pyrimidines are composed of just one ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms.
Therefore, the correct option is Option B.
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classify the given examples of prokaryotic gene expression as positive or negative gene regulation.
Lac operon is expressed 20-fold more when lactose is present. Activator binds to the promotor of the genes involved in digesting arabinose and promotes their transcription when the sugar arabinose is present.
What is an illustration of adverse gene regulation?The top operon, which is controlled by a negative feedback loop, is a classic illustration of negative repressible regulation of gene expression.
What does "positive gene regulation" mean?Negative gene regulation, on the other hand, refers to the kind of gene control that hinders the expression of genes. Positive gene regulation is the latter. Thus, the primary distinction between positive and negative gene regulation is this.
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a. mitosis produces diploid cells, but meiosis produces haploid cells b. mitosis produces 4 daughter cells, but meiosis produces 2 daughter c. genetic exchange occur in mitosis d. mitosis requires one dna replication and one cell division, but meiosis requires one dna replication and two cell divisions
All texts in a,b,c and d explain meiosis and mitosis, but only one is different is D. Where it specifically explains the difference between the two.
What is difference between mitosis and meiosis?Mitosis:
Occurs in all organisms, except viruses.Creates body/somatic cells.One cell division ( 4 stages total).Prophase is short.No recombination/crossing over in prophase.During metaphase, individual chromosomes line up on cell’s equator.During anaphase, sister chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell.Number of cells created two daughter cells.Creates diploid daughter cells.Daughter cells are genetically identical.Meiosis:
Only occurs in animals, plants, and fungi.Creates germ/sex cells.Two cell divisions (8 stages total).Prophase I is longer.Recombination/crossing over of chromosomes during prophase I.During metaphase I, pairs of chromosomes line up on cell’s equator.During anaphase I, sister chromatids move together to the same cell pole. During anaphase II, sister chromatids are separated to opposite ends of the cell.Number of cells created 4 daughter cells.Creates haploid daughter cells.Daughter cells are genetically different.Learn about difference between mitosis and meiosis here: brainly.com/question/88103
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construct a summary of the process of gene expression starting with dna and ending with proteins
The first step in the process of gene expression is the transcription of genetic data from DNA into genetic instructions in the form of messenger RNA.
What does DNA achieve and what uses does it have?The information molecule is DNA. It provides instructions on how to assemble other enormous molecules known as proteins. These instructions are spread out among 46 large, extended structures called chromosomes that are present in each of your cells.
Where may DNA be found in a human body?DNA polymerase is DNA itself. The location where the combination is active in a cell is the nucleus. As one of the structural elements of the human organism, DNA may thus be considered.
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In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Cytosine present is always equal to the amount of ______.
a. Thymine
b. Uracil
c. Cytosine
d. Guanine
Answer:
D
Explanation:
which nutrients often limit the distribution and abundance of photosynthetic organisms? select all that apply.
For nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus are frequently a source of restriction for photosynthetic organisms (like kelp or phytoplankton).
While phosphorus (P) limitation typically occurs in tropical locations, nitrogen (N) is generally regarded as the primary limiting component in temperate regions. However, nutrient limitation in subtropical regions is little known.
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium are the three main limiting nutrients in crop yield (K). These three nutrients are frequently added as parts of commercial fertiliser or manure to agricultural areas. You need to understand that the three limiting parameters for photosynthesis are light intensity, CO2 concentration, and temperature. Although a scarcity of water can slow down photosynthesis, other plant functions are typically affected before photosynthesis
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explain why the lactic acid was produced by the cytoplasm fraction incubated with flucosae buyt not the mitochondrial fraction
Fermentation, which starts with pyruvate, results in the production of lactic acid. Lactic acid would eventually be produced by either glucose or pyruvate since pyruvic acid is created by glycolysis in the cytoplasm.
As glucose cannot be used by mitochondria, no CO2 is produced. However, without mitochondria, the cytoplasm cannot generate carbon dioxide (CO2). Through a metabolic process known as lactic acid fermentation, six-carbon sugars such as glucose and other six-carbon sugar disaccharides, such as sucrose and lactose, are transformed into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate, which is the lactic acid in solution.
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The functional units of DNA that contain the instructions for making one or more proteins are ribosomes. genes chromosomes. RNA codons.
The functional units of DNA that contain the instructions for making one or more proteins are genes.
A gene is the primary structural and functional element of heredity. Genes are made out of DNA. Some genes act as instructions for making proteins. However, many genes do not encode proteins. A human gene can range in size from a few hundred DNA bases to over 2 million bases. The Human Genome Project, an international research effort to unravel the human genome's sequence and catalog its genes, estimates that humans have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes. Every person possesses two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Most people in the human population have the same genes, although a small group of genes slightly varies from person to person. Alleles are genetic variants with slight differences in the DNA base sequence. These small differences have an impact on each person's unique physical traits.
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Part A Which of the following best defines anatomy? a.It is the study of all chemical reactions that occur within body cells: b.It is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships with one another:c.It is the study of lissues d.Itis the study of how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities.
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships with one another. The correct answer is option (B).
One of the most crucial areas of biology that focuses on comprehending morphological characteristics is anatomy.
An early classification system was based on anatomy (not evolutionary classification).
Gross anatomy, superficial anatomy, and functional anatomy are the three basic fields of study within anatomy. The science of anatomy investigates the composition of the human body. Links to descriptions and images of every component and system of the human body, from head to toe, are available on this website.
The description of various live species' bodies as seen through dissection is the focus of the biological science field of anatomy. The word "anatomy" comes from the Greek roots "ana" (which means "up") and "tome" (which means "cutting"). Anatomy was originally learned by dissecting corpses, hence the name.
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The cactus has a specialized fleshy stem that is specialized to store water for long periods of time. Which plant tissue most likely makes this action possible?apicaldermalgroundvascular.
It is not necessary to water cacti very often in the winter since they can retain water for about four months. The stem stores water for the plant. Cactus stems and roots are loaded with parenchymal cells, which are responsible for water storage.
Definition of parenchyma.
The ground meristem gives rise to a three-tissue system—the parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma—that make up the ground tissue system.
Ground cactus tissue is rich in water-storing parenchyma cells.
It follows that cacti's ability to retain water for extended periods of time is due in large part to the ground tissues.
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