Bulk flow is the term for the large-scale movement of water along pressure gradients.
Small lipid-insoluble solutes found in water use it to pass through the capillary wall. A liquid's capacity to go through small openings devoid of outside aid or resistance is known as capillary action.
Intermolecular forces between the surrounding solid surfaces and the liquid cause it to happen. In plants, capillary motion is visible. Branching moves water up the tree, evaporation causes depressurization, and roots receive additional osmotic pressure.
According to the hypothesis of cohesion and adhesion in plants, water movement in the xylem depends on the adhesion of water molecules to vessel walls and their cohesion, as well as on high water pressure in the plant's substratum and low pressure in its extreme regions, such as the leaves.
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Which mechanism is the best explanation for how the stem cell-derived inhibitor might arrest the cancer cell cycle at the g1 stage?.
The best explanation for how the stem cell-derived inhibitor might arrest the cancer cell cycle at the g1 stage is that the inhibitor prevents the cancer cells from dividing. This halt in cell division allows the body to repair any damaged DNA and prevent the cancer cells from spreading.
In addition, The inhibitor might also kill cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Apoptosis is a process by which cells self-destruct in a controlled manner. Cancer cells often avoid apoptosis, which allows them to continue growing and spreading. However, the inhibitor might cause cancer cells to undergo apoptosis, leading to their death. This could help to control the growth of cancer and possibly even lead to a cure.
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In one spine-tingling investigation of this season’s conjuring kesha, the pop icon brings supermodel karen elson to help her investigate, and their presence soon spurs alarming paranormal activity. Where are they?.
The Odd Fellows Lodge in Tuscola, Illinois, is the solution.
What is the odd fellow's job?"Visit the sick, relieve the distressed, bury the dead, and educate the orphan," is the historic mandate of the Odd Fellow. You get to actively contribute to making the world and your community better.
Religion is Odd Fellows?We welcome people from all walks of life and ages; we have neither political nor religious affiliations. We're also extremely happy to be a nonprofit mutual organization that values a neighborhood united by friendship, compassion, and philanthropic giving.
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which of the following describes organic matter? group of answer choices it is only found in arctic soils it holds soil particles together like a biological glue, creating soil aggregates and soil structure it is the source of natural fertility in soils it is composed of synthetic organic compounds manufactured from petrochemicals it is degraded and depleted by tillage/plowing resulting in erosion and soil loss it is formed of dead and partially decomposed plant and animal material
Organic matter can be described as: it is formed of dead and partially decomposed plant and animal material.
Organic matter is composed of natural carbon based compounds found in the environment either terrestrial or aquatic. The Organic matter is largely made up from the dead and decaying plants and animals, or the faeces of the animals.
Decomposition in the environment is the process of breakdown of large organic molecules into smaller parts that may be organic or inorganic by the action of various microorganisms. These microorganisms are termed as decomposers. The example of decomposers are protozoa, bacteria, earthworm, millipede, mushrooms, etc.
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An organelle is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms
TRUE
or
FALSE
Answer: FALSE.
Explanation: It would be cells, because of cell theory. (Cells make up all basic units of life.)
Answer:
False
Explanation:
A CELL is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
An organelle is a part of the cell that serves various functions depending on what type of organelle it is.
True or False
farming / ranching (growing animals)
produce more air pollution than all
transportation (cars, planes, etc...)
True
False
Yes, farming/ranching (growing animals) produce more air pollution than all transportation (cars, planes, etc..)
How does the ranching of animals produce more hydrocarbons?When the environmental impact of their feed is taken into consideration, cows, pigs, and other farm animals in Europe produce more greenhouse gases annually than all of the cars and vans in the continent combined, according to a new analysis by Greenpeace. However, while governments have focused their climate policy on renewable energy and transportation, efforts to lessen the impact of food and farming on the climate have lagged. This is because of the increase in meat and dairy products in Europe over the past ten years.
Livestock on EU farms (including the UK) was responsible for the equivalent of around 502 million tonnes of carbon dioxide annually in 2018, the most recent year for which precise data is available from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization. This carbon dioxide was primarily released as methane. In contrast, 656 million tons of carbon dioxide were produced by European vehicles and vans in the same period.
The overall annual emissions are equal to 704 million tonnes of carbon dioxide when the indirect greenhouse gas emissions are considered. This is done by estimating the deforestation and land use changes related to the production of animal feed. Between 2007 and 2018, the EU's output of meat and dairy increased by 9.5%, which, according to Greenpeace, resulted in an increase in emissions of 6% annually, or nearly 39 million tons. This would be the same as adding 8.4 million new cars to the road.
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dna-dependent rna polymerase makes a complementary strand of nucleic acid that is then used for translation. the process carried out by this enzyme is called
Answer: Transcription
Explanation:
The Transcription unit generally contains 3 regions
1. A promoter
2. Structural genes
3. Terminator
Since the strands have opposite polarity the DNA dependent RNA polymerase also catalyze this in one direction that 5 - 3 then the strands that has the polarity 3' - 5' act as a template and is referred as template strand. The other strand that has polarity 5' - 3' is displaced during transcription.
is the main neurotransmitter behind reward systems in the brain, which usually leads to addiction when altered in any way.
Dopamine, a neurotransmitter closely related to sensations of reward and pleasure, is the neurotransmitter that "unlocks" the electrical stimulation of these regions.
The neurotransmitter that causes addiction is what?Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter that has traditionally been linked to the addictive properties of drugs and may play a significant role in the development of the neurobiological alterations that underlie addiction.
What area of the brain is involved in addiction?The complex illness of addiction has an impact on how the brain functions. The area of the brain that leads to addiction is known as the mesolimbic dopamine pathway. It is occasionally referred to as the brain's "reward circuit."
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Acetylcholinesterase is the enzyme that degrades acetylcholine. What effect on nerve transmission would occur following the administration of a chemical that inhibited acetylcholinesterase?.
Acetylcholine will continue to be activated.
When we inhibit acetylcholinesterase with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) it will inhibit acetylcholinesterase from breaking down acetylcholine into choline and acetate. This will increase the level and the duration of the neurotransmitter in the CNS, autonomic ganglia, and neuromuscular junctions. Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic chemical that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals as a neurotransmitter. Its name is derived from its chemical structure: it is an ester of acetic acid and choline. Parts in the body that use or are affected by acetylcholine are referred to as cholinergic. Substances that increase or decrease the overall activity of the cholinergic system are called cholinergic and anticholinergic, respectively.
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Muscle cells are specialized for contraction. They need lots of energy and specialized proteins. Which of these statements correctly pairs an organelle with its function in the cell? choose all that apply.
The mitochondria are the organelles that produce energy for the cell, while the Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging and delivering proteins.
Mitochondria: The mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell. They produce energy for the cell in the form of ATP.
Ribosomes: Ribosomes are the cell's protein factories. They produce proteins for the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum: The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubes and sacs that helps to transport materials around the cell.
Golgi apparatus: The Golgi apparatus is a stack of flattened sacs that helps to package and ship proteins and other materials out of the cell.
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vitamin b6 is a coenzyme for plp which plays a role in the process of making nonessential amino acids. this process is termed .
Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme for PLP which plays a role in the process of making nonessential amino acids. This process is termed as transamination.
Vitamin B6 is also called pyridoxine. It is a water soluble vitamin that is naturally present in various food items as well as can be synthetically made in lab as well. The food containing the vitamin are poultry, fish, potatoes, chickpeas, bananas, etc. The vitamin is essential for keeping the nervous system and immune system healthy.
Transamination is the chemical reaction where an amino group is transferred to a keto-acid to form new amino acids. This pathways also deaminates various amino acids.
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We can use a punnett square to predict the outcome of self-fertilization for the f1 hybrids of a monohybrid cross. In this case, the punnett square should be set up as a blank______ square.
We can use a punnett square to predict the outcome of self-fertilization for the f1 hybrids of a monohybrid cross. In this case, the punnett square should be set up as a blank 2x2 square.
Self-fertilization is the joining of male and female gametes and/or nuclei from the same haploid, diploid, or polyploid organism. It is an instance of extreme inbreeding. These are 2X2 squares with four boxes for a monohybrid cross, with each box signifying a fertilization between the parent gametes.
Selfing is widespread, ranging from simple hermaphrodite plants and animals to multicellular organisms (especially invertebrates). Selfing occurs when two individuals (or their cell nuclei) that were produced by a previous mitotic division of the same individual interbreed in unicellular organisms like protozoa.
The Punnett square is a table that lists every conceivable result of a genetic cross between two people of known genotype. The Punnett square is a square that has been partitioned into four quadrants in its most basic form.
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The ______________ is the primary relay station for sensory information coming into the cerebral cortex.
The thalamus is the primary relay station for sensory information coming into the cerebral cortex.
What is Thalamus?This is referred to as a pair of grey matter which is located close to the center of the brain which is referred to as the central organ of the nervous system.
The thalamus is responsible for the regulation of certain processes in the body such as sleep, alertness etc and connects to the cerebral cortex in all directions and acts as a primary relay station for sensory information which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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keeping food cold would seem to promote the growth of psychrophilic bacteria. why are we generally less concerned about this than we are about mesophilic bacteria?
Keeping food cold would seem to promote the growth of psychrophilic bacteria. Population density is smaller for psychrophiles than for mesophiles.
Psychrophilic bacteria include Gram-terrible genera inclusive of Pseudoalteromonas, Moraxella, Psychrobacter, Flavobacterium, Polaromonas, Psychroflexus, Polaribacter, Moritella, Vibrio, and Pseudomonas; Gram-nice genera such as Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Micrococcus species; microalgae inclusive of Chlamydomonadales and
Psychrophiles are extremophilic bacteria or archaea that are cold-loving having an most fulfilling temperature for increase at approximately 15°C or lower, a maximal temperature for boom at about 20°C and a minimum temperature for boom at 0°C or decrease.
Psychrotrophic micro organism grow at less than 7°C. commonplace species in cold saved milk, that is the storage norm in most jurisdictions, are Micrococcus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, and coliforms. Pseudomonas spp. are the most common and commonly have the greatest effect on first-class.
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Think about the two words that make up the term reproductive isolation. How do you think reproductive isolation affects the evolution of a species?
Populations of organisms that have grown apart from one another are said to be in a state of reproductive isolation. This isolation may result from a genetic mutation or a geographic barrier. The organisms are unable to successfully reproduce with one another as a result.
What is reproductive isolation?A group of living things that have the ability to interbreed or exchange genes is referred to as a species. The deer in the aforementioned example is an example of speciation, which is when evolution causes one species to split into two or more.
Many factors, such as shifting continents or lava flows, might divide one population into two or more tribes. The deer underwent modifications to the point of reproductive isolation throughout their time apart. This is the situation in which two groups of animals coexist in close proximity to one another but cannot interbreed.
Pre-zygotic barriers and post-zygotic barriers are the two main divisions of the numerous reasons why two organisms cannot mate.
Reproductive isolation is a condition in which multiple species may coexist in a given area but are unable to interbreed due to individual characteristics. Isolating mechanisms are things that prevent particular species or groups of organisms from reproducing sexually.
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Why does sediment get deposited where a stream meets the ocean, forming a delta?.
sediment gets deposited where a stream meets the ocean, forming a delta because when a river meets the ocean, the silt it carries is dumped in a structure shaped like a fan called a delta.
As a result of the silt being picked up and transported by longshore drift, shoreline sediment structures such as sand bars, spits, and barrier islands are formed.
Deltas are wetlands that form when rivers discharge sediment and water into another body of water, like the ocean, a lake, or another river. Although extremely uncommon, deltas can also drain into the land. A river's flow slows as it gets closer to its mouth or end. As a result, sediment, or solid material carried downstream by currents, is deposited at the river's bottom.
A delta can be broken up into separate sections that contain subaerial and subaqueous regions. A delta's underwater locale is lowered. This section of the delta has the purest silt and the steepest slopes. The pro delta is the newest part of the subaqueous delta and is further from the river's mouth than any other region.
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Why will the microbiota in the vagina of a woman of reproductive age differ from that of the same woman before puberty and after menopause?.
The microbiota in the vagina of a woman of reproductive age differs from that of the same woman before puberty and after menopause due to menstruation.
Menstruation causes monthly changes in the bacterial community in the vagina during the reproductive years. The vagina is mostly colonized by Lactobacillus acidophilus before puberty and after menopause, which ferments to create an acidic environment.
Lactobacillus acidophilus ferments significant amounts of glycogen in the vagina to produce lactic acid, creating an acidic environment during the reproductive years. Before and after menopause, glucose is absent.
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For mammals living in cold habitats, would smaller or larger species require relatively thicker fur?.
For mammals living in cold habitats, smaller species would require relatively thicker fur.
The majority of vertebrate animals have an increase in body mass as they approach the poles. In the colder climes found at high latitudes and elevations, many species of animals benefit from being larger. A phenomenon known as Bergmann's Rule describes how heavier animals have a smaller surface area to volume ratio, which helps prevent heat loss.
Numerous (non-polar) animals are ectotherms, which means that their internal heat production is so low that they are dependent on their environment to warm them up to a temperature where their body and enzymes can function well enough for an active and functional life. Because they have a larger relative surface area to lose heat from, smaller animals do poorly in cold climates.
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why does the motor homunculus depict the hands, face, and tongue hugely out of proportion?
Motor homunculus can depict the hands, face, and tongue hugely out of the proportion because more motor units are needed for the fine control of those areas. Thus, the correct option is B.
What is Motor Homunculus?The motor homunculus is a topographic representation of the different body parts and its correspondents along the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe in the brain. While, the sensory homunculus is a topographic representation of the body parts along with the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe.
Motor homunculus has a large representation of the face and hands compared with the torso, arms and legs. Because of the presence of the brain maps in each of the sensory receptor onto the cortex rather than considering the area of the body where the sensor is located.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:
Why does the motor homunculus depict the hands, face, and tongue hugely out of proportion?
a. The brain area devoted to using those regions is vast.
b. More motor units are needed for fine control of those areas.
c. The cortical areas mapped for controlling those areas overlap with the sensory regions controlling those areas.
d. A and C are correct.
Which of the following statements are true regarding seals and sea lions? (Mark all that apply.)
They both have hair and blubber.
They both need to rest and breed on land.
They both have four characteristic flippers.
The statements are true regarding seals and sea lions and they both need to rest and breed on land. Thus, option B is correct.
What is Transitions?Transitions are used to focus on the relationships among the ideas. They are used to build a path on which the direction of the sentences wants the readers to go to. The ideas are connected logically with the help of the transitions.
In the given excerpt, the transition that has been used to add an idea is 'moreover'. The third sentence begins with 'moreover' which had introduced an additional thought about the seals and sea lions.
Therefore, The statements are true regarding seals and sea lions and they both need to rest and breed on land. Thus, option B is correct.
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A horticulturist wants to produce geraniums with specific characteristics. She knows that the trait of red flowers is governed by the allele R (RR and Rr) and the trait of white flowers is governed by the allele r (rr). What do the letters in each box of a pinnet square indicate?
[] the possible combinations of alleles in offspring based on the parents’ genetic makeup
[] the full pedigree of the geraniums
[] that both parents show characteristics of the dominant trait
[] how to assemble a genetic map of the chromosome on which the alleles are located
The letters in each box of a Punnet square indicate the possible combinations of alleles in offspring based on the parent's genetic makeup (Option a).
What is a genetic Punnet square?A genetic Punnet square is a diagram used to represent the combination of alleles forth the parental gametes in offspring in order to delineate the expression of a given phenotypic trait and or characteristic.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a genetic Punnet square is employed to show how gametes combine in offspring in order to express a trait.
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the lactose (lac) operon of e. coli is under both positive and negative control. how is the lac operon affected by positive control?
When cAMP is present, CAP (Catabolite activator protein) protein attaches close to the promoter of the lac operon, which is impacted by positive control.
Is positive control present over the lac operon?Both positive and negative controls are in place over the lac operon. We'll think about each of these mechanisms independently. 1. When the inducer is lacking in a negative control, the repressor turns off the lacZYAgenes (signalling an absence of lactose).
The lac operon is favorably regulated in what ways?Therefore, the absence of glucose catabolites positively regulates the lac operon, which is turned on when intracellular glucose levels are low. Signal molecule cAMP levels are high when intracellular glucose concentrations are low (top panel).
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The variety and variability of organisms is called choose. . One of the benefits of this kind of variety includes ecosystem choose. , which is the ability of an ecosystem system to recover after a disturbance. Other benefits of healthy ecosystems include ecosystem choose. Such as pollinating crops, regulating pests, and maintaining soil structure.
The term "biodiversity" refers to the variety and variability of all living things at all levels of biological organization. The term "biodiversity," coined by sociobiologist Edward Wilson to refer to the diversity present at all levels of biological organization, has become widely used.
The enormous variety of life on Earth is known as biodiversity. A region's or ecosystem's entire species can be referred to by this phrase in a more precise sense. Every living thing, such as bacteria, plants, animals, and people, is referred to as biodiversity.
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How many cells does Mitosis produce?
Mitosis produces four daughter cells
Mitosis produces six daughter cells
Mitosis produces two daughter cells
Mitosis produces one daughter cells
Use the models to answer the following question.
Answer:
Mitosis produces two daughter cells.
Explanation:
The purpose of mitosis is to produce two daughter cells identical to the original cell. If a diploid cell undergoes mitosis successfully, the two daughter cells should also be diploid. If a haploid cell undergoes mitosis successfully, the two daughter cells should be haploid. This also applies to any variation in polyploidy.
The two daughter cells produced by mitosis should be identical to the original cell except in cases of nondisjunction where any number chromosomes (or all) fail to properly separate sister chromatids. In this case, daughter cells can have differing numbers of chromosomes. One cell may have more chromosomes than it should, and the other may have fewer or none at all, due to an unequal distribution.
Thanks!
The kidneys require a large amount of energy to pull water and other substances back into the bloodstream during reabsorption. Explain why.
vasopressin, a peptide hormone, causes. The CCD apical membrane becomes more permeable to water as 3'5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels rise in these cells.
What purpose does adenosine monophosphate serve?Adenosine monophosphate has been shown to hasten healing, shorten the length of shingles discomfort, and stop postherpetic neuralgia from developing. More. It has been shown that the body's own naturally occurring substance, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), is useful in preventing shingles outbreaks.
What role does AMP play?A signal's voltage, current, or power can be increased using an amplifier, an electronic device. In wireless communications or broadcasting as well as in other types of audio equipment, amplifiers are used. They can be classified as either power amplifiers or weak-signal amplifiers.
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Stuart runs with his brother each morning, and they can only speak one or two words at a time between multiple deep breaths. Which best describes their heart rates during this activity?.
Vigorous is the one that describes their heart rates during the activity. in medical terms it is the tachycardia
What is tachycardia?
Tachycardia is the medical term for a heart rate over 100 beats a minute. Many types of irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias) can cause tachycardia. A fast heart rate isn't always a concern. During exercise, it is common breath and heart rate increase because the body requires more oxygen for the muscles and the whole body. Additionally, the higher the effort is the more the heart rate changes. In the case of running or jogging, this physical activity requires considerable effort and due to this, it leads to an important increase in the heart rate or a vigorous heart rate.
Indeed during this activity, the heart rate can go as high as 200 bpm (beats per minute) but during rest heart rate is between 60-100 bpm. Thus, heart rate while Stuart and his brother run can be described as vigorous.
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Answer: C
Explanation: i did the exam
During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and head towards opposite poles of the cell?.
Mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and head towards opposite poles of the cell during anaphase.
During anaphase, sister chromatids (or homologous chromosomes for meiosis I), will separate and flow to contrary poles of the cell, pulled via way of means of microtubules. In nondisjunction, the separation fails to arise inflicting each sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes to be pulled to 1 pole of the cell.
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Draw the phospholipid bi-layer and the structures that make transport possible + which direction the water will flow and why?
Water transport through the membrane occurs by simple diffusion (osmosis) and facilitated diffusion (through aquaporins), following its osmotic gradient. In the exposed case, water moves from the outside of the cell to the inside.
How do water molecules move through the membrane?
Water can move through the membrane in two ways: simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion. Both are passive transport and do not need energy to occur.
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through the membrane following its osmotic gradient. Molecules cross the membrane in favor of their concentration gradient.
Osmosis is a simple diffusion process in which molecules' motion is slow and depends on small openings between lipids. When lipids move, they can leave spaces through which water molecules move and cross the membrane.
Some epitheliums in the organism, like the absorptive or secretive, need to transport water faster than by simple diffusion, so they use aquaporins. This is the facilitated diffusion of water.
Aquaporins are channel transmembrane proteins that help water move water faster and in higher concentrations from one side of the membrane to the other. These tissues can respond better to changes in osmotic gradients, facilitating fluid transport.
In the attached image, you will find both types of passive transport. Water molecules will move from the more diluted solution to the more concentrated solution concerning the solute.
Outside the cell, there are more water molecules and fewer solute molecules than inside the cell.
Inside the cell, there are more solute molecules and fewer water molecules.
So, water will move from the outside toward the inside to equilibrate concentrations on both sides of the membrane. It will move in favor of its osmotic gradient.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. the key feature of ___ tolerance is that regulatory cells can suppress autoreactive lymphocytes that recognize a variety of different self antigens if the antigens are from the same tissue or are presented by the same antigen-presenting cell.
The main characteristic of T cell tolerance is that if the self antigens are from the same tissue or are presented by the same antigen-presenting cell, regulatory cells can suppress autoreactive lymphocytes that identify a variety of distinct self antigens.
What does the immune system mean by self-tolerance?The immune system's capacity for self-tolerance is its capacity to see its own antigens as non-threats while appropriately mounting an attack against alien substances. Normal physiological function and general health depend on this equilibrium of immune defense and self-tolerance.
Which antigen-presenting cell receptors on the helper T cell identify the antigen?T-helper cells exhibit the surface receptor known as the T cell receptor, which is made up of a polypeptide heterodimer (marked, for example,α/β). T helper cells are able to identify viral peptides in conjunction with class II MHC proteins, which are typically found on an antigen-presenting cell's surface (APC).
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which muscle is highlighted? subclavian internal intercostal innermost intercostal splenius cervicis
anterior scalene muscle is highlighted subclavian internal intercostal innermost intercostal splenius Cervicis .
Musculus splenius cervicis is one of the deep (or intrinsic) muscular tissues of the cervical and thoracic backbone. Its fibres run superiorly and laterally. It assists in ipsilateral cervical side flexion and rotation, when both splenius Cervicis muscle tissues settlement they expand the cervical backbone.
Take a seat on a chair and allow the head drop forward as an awful lot as feasible. region one or both hands on the pinnacle so the fingertips are touching the cranium bone. Exhale and practice stress progressively to deepen the stretch inside the returned of the neck. preserve the location for a pair minutes.
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Suppose the dna of a gene contains seven regions, a through g, in that order. Regions a, b, e, and g are located in exons, while regions c, d, and f are located in introns. What is the order of the regions in the mature mrna transcribed from that sequence?.
Motifs will be in the ABEG order in the matured mRNA transcribed from the gene if the regions A, B, E, and G are located in exons, while regions C, D, and F are located in introns.
During RNA splicing, introns are removed so motifs on introns will also be removed and exons joined together.
As C, D, and F are located in introns which are noncoding regions. These regions are transcribed into pre-mature mRNA but are removed during the RNA splicing process to form mature mRNA which has only coding regions.
While A, B, E, and, G are located in exons thus they will be joined together thus the order will be ABEG.
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