A nebula can form either an average star, or a massive star, that is about the size of our sun, or a supergiant star which can be over 3 times as big as our sun!
What do you mean by stars?Stars are giant spheres of hot gas, primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, that generate energy through nuclear fusion reactions. They are found in vast numbers throughout the universe and are the building blocks of galaxies.
A star's energy is generated by nuclear fusion reactions that take place in its core. This energy is responsible for the star's brightness and for the formation of the various elements in the star.
Stars come in different sizes, colors, and temperatures. The size of a star is described by its mass and radius, the color of a star is determined by its temperature, with the hottest stars being blue and the coolest stars being red. The temperature of a star also determines its luminosity, that is, how bright it appears in the night sky.
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which water should you use for the water bath during the recrystallization?
The solution is placed in an ice-water bath to further reduce the temperature and allow additional crystals to form. water should you use for the water bath during the recrystallization.
water should you use for the water bath during the recrystallization while you are cooling your recrystallization. Recrystallization is a physical process for purifying compounds depending on their solubility. The procedure is finished by heating the material to dissolve the chemical with impurities in a solvent combination. Recrystallization is a method used in chemistry to purify compounds. When a compound and impurities combination is dissolved in a suitable solvent, either the desired compound or the impurities can be extracted from the solution, leaving the other behind. It gets its name from the crystals that form when the chemical precipitates. Recrystallization can also refer to the natural formation of bigger ice crystals at the cost of smaller ones.
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Write the Lewis structure of each and state whether the following are monodentate or bidentate ligands a. C2042 (oxalate ion, Ox) b. SCN
c. H2NCH2CH2NH2 (ethylenediamine) d. CO32-
SCN- is a mono-dentate ligand, whereas C2O4-, Ethylenediamine, and CO3- are categorized as bidentate ligands.
What does "denticity of ligands" mean?
The quantity of electron pairs that the ligand shares with the metal atom or ion is known as the denticity of the ligand. Depending on how many ligand donor atoms bind to the metal atom or ion, ligands can be divided into mono-dentate and polydentate categories.
Mono-dentate ligands are ligands that share an electron pair with a single donor atom with a metal atom or ion. A metal ion and a bidentate ligand combine to produce a 5- or 6-membered ring. Three donor atoms can connect to a single metal atom or cation in tridentate ligands.
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Oxides of active metals, such as CaO, react with water to produce...
A) Metal Carbonates
B) Metal Hydrides
C) Metal Hydroxides
D) Acids
Metal hydroxides are created when the water reacts with the oxidized forms of active metals, such as CaO.
What occurs when water and a metal oxide combine?The basic-natured metal hydroxides are created when metal oxides and water react. The energy released during these reactions is substantial. An example reaction is the formation of calcium hydroxide, a basic solution, when calcium oxide and water are combined.Metals that are actively occurring are very reactive. Metal hydroxides are created when the active metals' oxides and water react. example: Calcium hydroxide is produced when calcium oxide combines with water.Metal hydroxides are created when the water reacts with the oxidized forms of active metals, such as CaO.To learn more about metal oxide refer to:
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What mass of nh3 must be dissolved in 475 g of methanol to make a 0. 250 mol kg-1 solution?.
2.02 g of ammonia are required to dissolve 1 g of methanol.
The parameters are as follows: • mass of methanol, 475 g
A compound's chemical composition is symbolically represented by its chemical formula. Chemical formulas reveal the elements that make up a compound's molecules as well as the ratio in which their atoms combine to create those molecules.
• The solution's concentration is equal to 0.25 m
The following formula is used to determine each compound's molar mass:
CH2OH (12) + (3 x 1) + (16) + (1) = 32 g/mol = NH3 = (14) + (3 x 1) = 17 g/mol
The following formula is used to determine the ammonia's molecular weight:
methanol mole equals 0.25 moles of NH3, which is equal to 0.25 x 0.475 moles of NH3, or 0.11875 moles.
The ammonia's mass is determined using the formulas below;
mass of ammonia = 2.02 g mass of ammonia = 0.11875 x 17 g
Therefore, 2.02 g of ammonia are required to dissolve 1 g of methanol.
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explain why it takes more energy to remove the second electron from a lithium atom?
Lithium requires more energy to remove the second electron from a lithium atom.
What is electron ?
J.J. Thomson, an English physicist, first observed the electron in 1897 while researching cathode rays. The understanding of atomic structure was fundamentally altered by his discovery of electrons, which he initially referred to as corpuscles.
What is atom ?
A chemical element's atom is a particular type of particle of substance. A positively charged electron or many negatively charged electrons encircle the central nucleus of an atom. Protons and neutrons, two relatively hefty particles that make up the positively charged nucleus, may be present.
The second electron must be taken from the lithium atom's 1s orbital, which requires more energy, as opposed to the carbon atom's 2s orbital, which requires less energy to remove the fourth electron from.
Therefore, Lithium requires more energy to remove the second electron from a lithium atom.
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if ocean water tempratures cooled to 20 degree c what impact would this have on the weather system formation?
PLSSS I NEED IT FAST
What number of moles of nitrogen are present in 12.0 mol of ammonia?
I think itight have been 8, but I am not sure
how many oxygen atoms are in one mole of o_2 molecules?
A mole of oxygen ([tex]O_{2}[/tex]) molecules contains 6.022 x 10^23 oxygen atoms.
This number is known as Avogadro's number, and it is the number of atoms or molecules that make up one mole of any substance.
To calculate the number of oxygen atoms in one mole, we multiply Avogadro's number by the number of oxygen atoms in one molecule of oxygen (2).
This gives us 12.044 x 10^23 oxygen atoms in a mole of oxygen molecules.
The significance of Avogadro's number is that it allows us to compare the number of atoms or molecules between two different substances.
For example, if we know that one mole of oxygen molecules contains 12.044 x 10^23 oxygen atoms, and one mole of hydrogen molecules contains 6.022 x 10^23 hydrogen atoms, we can determine that two moles of hydrogen molecules will contain the same number of atoms as one mole of oxygen molecules.
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what would be the number of oxygen atoms in 5.00 moles of co2?
The number of oxygen atoms in 5.00 moles of carbon dioxide ([tex]CO_{2}[/tex]) is 30.00 moles.
This is because the molecular weight of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] is 44.01 g/mol, and it contains one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
To calculate the number of oxygen atoms, we need to take the molar mass of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] (44.01 g/mol) and divide it by the molar mass of oxygen (16.00 g/mol).
This gives us a ratio of 2.75 oxygen atoms to 1 carbon atom.
We then multiply this ratio by the number of moles of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] (5.00 moles), to get the number of oxygen atoms, which is 30.00 moles.
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if poison expires is it more poisonous or less poisonous?
Depending on the toxin, yes. Many things, including proteins, will surely be denatured or degraded and finally turn harmless if we adopt the colloquial definition of the word and include toxins and poisons.
For instance, ricin, botulinum, tetrodotoxin, etc. They are rather delicate, so I'm hoping this toxin has the lowest shelf life.
For a poison, "not up to quality" might indicate anything. It might be more harmful or less toxic. It might be more toxic than before, which would make it less effective against the intended target but extremely harmful to other species. It only indicates that a single chemical may have begun to breakdown, and the final result of that deterioration may be something entirely else.
Small organic molecules make up a lot of other toxins. These include nerve agents like nicotine, sarin, and VX, all of which are capable of being broken down through air oxidation, UV exposure, hydrolysis, and other processes. Numerous nerve agents have a shelf life of several years, and studies have been done to extend their use in weapons.
Lead, mercury, and cadmium are just a few examples of metals that are hazardous because they are toxic not only in their elemental forms but also as inorganic and organic compounds. Although the toxicity of the various forms can varies substantially (see, for example, methylmercury and elemental mercury), the majority of them are nevertheless at least harmful.
These can persist for a very long period since the reactions that can happen under usual circumstances might not be safe, such as a sizable piece of cinnabar left on a desk even throughout the course of a geological time scale. any substantial modification to ensure safety.
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write an ionic equation for the reaction that will occur if you add chlorine water to a solution of sodium astatide. Assume that astatine is insoluble in water. Explain clearly why this reaction would be counted as a redox reaction
The ionic equation for the reaction of chlorine water and sodium astatide is:
2Cl- + 2Na+ → 2NaCl + At2-
This reaction would be counted as a redox reaction because chlorine is being reduced from a chlorine anion (Cl-) to a chloride ion (Cl2-), while sodium is being oxidized from a sodium cation (Na+) to a sodium cation (Na+). This reaction involves the transfer of electrons from one species to another, and is therefore a redox reaction.
What is redox reaction?
Redox reactions, also known as oxidation-reduction reactions, are chemical reactions involving the transfer of electrons between two species. The species which gains electrons is said to be oxidized, while the species which loses electrons is said to be reduced.
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Why is H2O polar and CH4 is non polar?.
Polarity of a compound is determined by the change in electronegativities between the atoms in the covalent bond. Since O-H bond has such a significant difference and C-H bond does not have it water is polar and methane is non-polar.
Water molecule has two O-H bonds, which are polar in nature. The electronegativity of oxygen is 3.5 and that of hydrogen is 2.1. Which gives each bond a electronegativity difference of 1.4. Because of such a big difference, the electron tends to move towards the oxygen atom and it attains a partial negative charge, while hydrogen a partial positive charge. So it becomes polar.
In case of methane, there are four C-H bonds. The electronegativity difference between C-H bond is only 0.4. So as there is not much difference, the molecule is non-polar.
So water became polar due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and oxygen, and methane is non-polar due to no such significant difference.
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How many molecules are in 10. 0 g of O2?.
The number of molecules in 10 grams of oxygen is 1.88 x 10²³ Molecules.
The number of molecules in 10. 0 g of O₂ can be found by using the formula,
We know,
Mole = given mass/molar mass
Molar mass of oxygen gas is 32 g/mol.
Now, the number of moles in 10 grams oxygen is,
Moles = 10/32
Also,
Moles = Number of molecules/avogadro number.
Now, putting values,
10/32 = Number of molecule/avogadro number.
Number of molecules = 1.88 x 10²³ Molecules.
So, the number of molecules is 10. 0 g of O₂ is 1.88 x 10²³ Molecules.
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Compared with the neutral atoms involved in the formation of an ionic compound, the crystal lattice that results is(a) higher in potential energy.(c) equal in potential energy.(b) lower in potential energy.(d) unstable.
Compared with the neutral atoms involved in the formation of an ionic compound, the crystal lattice that results is lower in potential energy.
An ionic compound is a massive structure of ions that are arranged in regular, repeating structures known as the ionic lattice. The ions attract each other and form a regular pattern with oppositely charged ions next to each other, resulting in the formation of this lattice.
The distance between the ions determines the lattice energy of an ionic compound. This means that the greater the distance between ions in a lattice, the weaker the electrostatic forces holding them together and, consequently, the lower the lattice energy.
The charge on the ions is one of the factors that affects this lattice energy. This is due to the fact that ions with higher charges have a stronger attraction to one another. As a result, when bonds form between them, more energy is released.
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What could happen when the level of biodiversity is not maintained? Suggest 3 instances.
Because there are fewer species per trophic level, low biodiversity makes an ecosystem more susceptible to disturbance. Because the trophic levels are becoming more dependent on individual species rather than a collective of species at each trophic level, if one species disappears in this sort of ecosystem, the entire pyramid could collapse.
In order to manipulate some aspects of biodiversity, such as the number of species, and measure different sorts of ecosystem functioning or stability, biodiversity decreases must be taken into account. Functional group richness, species composition, species richness, species evenness, and genetic diversity are all factors that can affect how well an ecosystem function ecosystem.
Furthermore, species diversity and composition are frequently related to stability. Therefore, current changes in biodiversity will probably cause a subsequent change in the characteristics of an ecosystem.
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what is the percent yield if 18 grams of water are produced when 4 grams of hydrogen with excess oxygen?
The percentage yield if 18 grams of water are produced when 4 grams of hydrogen with excess oxygen is 50.5%.
The theoretical yield (the greatest quantity of product that can be produced based on the stoichiometry of the reactants) and the actual yield must be known in order to compute the percentage yield of a reaction (the amount of product that is actually produced in the reaction).
The balanced equation for the reaction that creates water vapor (H2O) when hydrogen gas (H₂) and oxygen gas (O₂) are combined is:
2H₂ + O₂ -> 2H₂O
We can see from the equation that it is balanced that 1 mole of H₂O is created for every 2 moles of H₂. We use the molar mass of H₂, 2.016 g/mol, to convert 4 grams of H₂ to moles.
4g / 2.016 g/mol = 1.98 moles
We can now determine the hypothetical yield of water. The theoretical yield of H2O is: as 2 moles of H2O are created for every 2 moles of H2.
1.98 moles x (2 moles H2O / 2 moles H2) = 1.98 moles
Since water has an 18.02 g/mol molar mass, we may convert the theoretical yield of water from moles to grams as follows:
1.98 moles x 18.02 g/mol = 35.7 g
Divide the actual yield (18 g) by the theoretical yield (35.7 g), then multiply the result by 100 to find the percentage yield:
(18 g / 35.7 g) x 100 = 50.5 %
Therefore, the percentage yield of the reaction is 50.5%.
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determine the moles of sulfuric acid formed from 3.20 mol of sulfur dioxide
Answer:
3.2 moles of H2SO4
Explanation:
We need to start with a balanced equation. Lets assume the sulfuric acid is formed from sulfur dioxide and water.
SO2 + H2O = H2SO4
This equation is balanced. (Check it)
It tells us that 1 mole of SO2 will form 1 mole of H2SO4, if the reaction proceeds as planned. That's a molar ratio of 1 to 1. They are equal. What moles we react, we should expect the same number of moles of product. [And we need 1 mole of water at the same time]
So if we react 3.20 moles of sulfur dioxide, and keep out lab partner back, we'll obtain 3.2 moles of H2SO4.
the forces of attraction between molecules in a molecular compound are generally_____
The forces of attraction between molecules in a molecular compound are generally weaker than the forces of covalent and ionic bonding.
Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction and repulsion that act between nearby particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). These forces are weak in comparison to intramolecular forces such as covalent bonds or ionic bonds between atoms in a molecule.
The transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms forms an ionic bond, which is a type of chemical bond. It is a chemical bond that produces two oppositely charged ions.
A covalent bond is formed between atoms with similar electronegativities—the desire or affinity for electrons. Because the electronegativities of both atoms are similar, they share electrons in order to achieve octet configuration and become more stable.
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Determine whether each item is a formed element or part of the plasma Neutrophils (54- 62%) Proteins (7%) Vitamins Eosinophils (1- 3%) Lymphocytes (25-33%) Red blood cells (95.1%) Wastos Electrolytes White blood cells (0.1%) Basophils (Less than 1%) Nutrients Monocytes (3- 996) Gases Hormones Water (92%) Platelets (4.8%) Formed element Reset
The list of items formed whether naturally or part of plasma is:
Neutrophils: formed element
Proteins: part of plasma
Vitamins: part of plasma
Eosinophils: formed element
Lymphocytes: formed element
Red blood cells: formed element
Wastes: part of plasma
Electrolytes: part of plasma
White blood cells: formed element
Basophils: formed element
Nutrients: part of plasma
Monocytes: formed element
Gases: part of plasma
Hormones: part of plasma
Water: part of plasma
Platelets: formed element
Electrolytes are substances that dissolve in water and become charged particles (ions) that can conduct electricity. They are present in the plasma and play important roles in maintaining fluid balance, acid-base balance, and nerve and muscle function.
Examples of electrolytes include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride.
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Atudent prepared a 0. 10M acetic acid olution and experimentally meaured the pH to be 2. 88. Calculate Ka for acetic acid and determine it percentage diociation?
The Ka for acetic acid is 1.76 * 10^{-5} and its percentage dissociation is 1.32 %.
What is pH?
pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is measured on a scale from 0 to 14, with 0 being the most acidic, 7 being neutral, and 14 being the most alkaline. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, meaning that the solution is neither acidic nor alkaline.
(i) pH= 2.88
[tex][H_{3} 0^{+}] = 10^{-2.88} \\ = 1.32 * 10^{-3}[/tex] [tex]here, {H_{3} }0^{+} = 10^{-pH}[/tex]
[tex]CH_{3} CO_{2} H + H_{2} O_{2} = CH_{3} CO_{2} ^{-} + H_{3} O^{+}[/tex]
I 0.10 0 0
C -x +x +x
E 0.10-x x x
[tex]Ka = \frac{[ CH_{3} CO_{2}^{-} ] [ H_{3} O^{+} ]}{ [ CH_{3} CO_{2} H ] }[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{x^{2} }{0.10-x} \\\\= \frac{[1.32 * 10^{-3}]^{2} }{0.10- [1.32 * 10^{-3}] } \\\\= 1.76 * 10^{-5}[/tex]
(ii) % Ion = [tex]= \frac{x}{0.10} * 100%\\= \frac{1.32 * 10^{-3} }{0.10} * 100\\\\[/tex]
= 1.32 %
Therefore, 1.76 * 10^{-5} is the Ka for acetic acid and its percentage dissociation is 1.32 %.
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Acorbic acid or Vitamin C (C6H8O6) i an eential vitamin. It cannot be tored by the body and mut be preent in the diet. What i the molar ma of Vitamin C? Vitamin C are taken a a dietary upplement. If a typical tablet contain 500mg of Vitamin C what amount (mole) and what number of molecule of Vitamin C doe it contain?
The molar mass of ascorbic acid (C₆H₈O₆) is 176 g/mol. The 0.028 mol (amount ) of Vitamin C tablet contains 1.37 × 10 ²² molecules.
The ratio between the mass and the amount of substance in any sample of a chemical compound is known as the molar mass in chemistry. The molar mass of a substance is a bulk attribute rather than a molecular one.
Molar mass of the ascorbic acid is equal to the sum of the average masses of its constituents -
Molar mass of ascorbic acid (C₆H₈O₆)is -
⇒ 6 × 12 + 8 × 1 + 6 × 16
⇒ 72 + 8 + 96
⇒ 176 g/mol
Mass of 1 Vitamin C tablet is 500mg,
Mass of Vitamin C in 10 Tablets = 0.5 g × 10 = 5 g
Moles of Vitamin C in 10 tablets -
= 5 × (1 mol / 176) = 0.028 mol
Number of molecules = 0.028 mol ×[ 6.022 × 10²³ / 1 mol ]
⇒ 0.137 × 10 ²³ molecules. 0r 1.37 × 10 ²² molecules
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7. To determine how many elements are in a covalent compound you look at the_______
in the name
To determine how many elements are in an ionic compound you must follow the rule of____________
Chemically speaking, covalent bonds are those between two or more atoms when the electrons are shared rather than transferred, as in the case of ionic bonds. Generally speaking, ionic bonding can be seen in compounds where a metal is bound to a semi or a semi-metal.
What five covalent compounds are examples?Hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), water (H2O), and methane (CH4) are five instances of covalent bonding. A covalent bond is a type of chemical relationship where two atoms share electron pairs.
What substance is covalent?Covalent compounds are those whose atoms are joined together by covalent bonds. Sharing 1 or more pair of valance electrons results in the formation of a covalent bond.
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write the chemical formula for the compound formed by each pair of positive and negative ions.
Ba2+ and NO3 , Al3+ and CO32, K+ and PO43 This is chemical formula and each pair of positive and negative ions.
What is meant by positive?
Two -1 charges are needed for a +2 charge (two NO3–). Ba(NO3)2 would be the formula. The (NO3) has a subscript of 2, while the Ba has a subscript of 1 (not indicated; if there is no subscript, it is believed to be "1").Al3+ and CO32- have corresponding charges of +3 and -2. The lesser, -2, cannot be multiplied by a whole number to equal 3. l3+ and CO32- have corresponding charges of +3 and -2. The lesser number, -2, cannot be multiplied by a full integer to equal 3. So, you must now consider the smallest whole number that they both fit into equally.Three -2 charges must be balanced by two +3 charges (providing +6) because 3 and 2 add up to 6 equally (giving –6). Al thus will have a subscript of 2, while (CO3) will have a subscript of 3.You would multiply one by three to get three, therefore you would need three K+1 to make one PO4-3. K3PO4 will have a subscript of 3 for the one PO4-3.To learn more about positive refer to
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A macromolecule that contains sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base: ___
Nucleotide . A nucleotide is made up of a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) linked to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base Two strands make up a DNA molecule.
Adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine are the bases utilized in DNA (T). Nitrogenous base: A nitrogen-containing molecule with the chemical characteristics of a base. Adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine are the nitrogenous bases found in DNA (C). With one exception, the nitrogenous bases of RNA are the same: adenine (A), guanine (G), uracil (U), and cytosine (C). The DNA molecule is a nucleotide polymer. A nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group make up each nucleotide. DNA has four nitrogenous bases, two purines (adenine and guanine), and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). Two strands make up a DNA molecule.
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How does a balanced chemical equation represent the conservation of matter in a chemical reaction.
The law of conservation of mass is always followed in a balanced chemical equation. This law states that the mass of the products and the mass of the reactants must be equal.
How does the law of conservation apply?
Physical and chemical changes can cause matter to transform into different forms, but no matter what happens, matter is always conserved. There is no creation or destruction of matter; the amount of matter is the same before and after the transformation. The Law of Conservation of Mass is the name given to this idea.
Because each chemical equation must be balanced and the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side must equal the number of atoms of each element on the product side, chemical equations serve as examples of the law of conservation of mass.
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Please help me with these questions!!
Large particles usually get smaller as a result of surface reactions. Both heating and freezing effects of tiny particles on the climate are seen.
Weathering can be classified as either physical or chemical. There is a wide variety in soil particle size due to variations in weathering processes.The overall surface area increases when the size is reduced more. This is significant since most chemical changes start at an object's surface.
The Earth's materials are the four major elements that make up the earth's crust. The earth is made up of minerals, rocks, soil, and water. Earth materials include the necessary building components for life, agriculture, and industry.
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in a nuclear fusion reaction the mass of the products is
In a nuclear fusion reaction the mass of the products is less than the mass of the two original nuclei.
What is nuclear fusion means?A reaction known as nuclear fusion occurs when two or more atomic nuclei fuse to create new atomic and subatomic particles. Energy is released or absorbed depending on how much mass there is between the reactants and products.The Sun and other stars are powered by nuclear fusion reactions. A heavier nucleus is created when two light nuclei fuse together in a fusion reaction. Because the mass of the resulting single nucleus is smaller than the combined mass of the two initial nuclei, the process produces energy.By dissolving large, heavy atoms, like uranium, into smaller ones, like iodine, caesium, strontium, xenon, and barium, to name just a few, fission produces energy. Fusion, however, combines light atoms.Learn more about nuclear fusion refer to ;
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What molecule is 2 h2o?.
Answer:
A water molecule has three atoms: two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. That's why water is sometimes referred to as H2O.
Explanation:
(◕ᴗ◕✿)(◕ᴗ◕✿)(◕ᴗ◕✿)
What mass contains 32.8 mmol of F2(g)?
Answer:
To determine the mass that contains 32.8 mmol of F2(g), we need to use the molar mass of F2 and the formula:
mass = number of moles x molar mass
The molar mass of F2 is 38.00 g/mol. Therefore, the mass that contains 32.8 mmol of F2 is:
mass = 32.8 mmol x 38.00 g/mol = 1239.2 g
so the mass that contains 32.8 mmol of F2(g) is 1239.2 g
It's important to note that the unit "mmol" is used for molar amount of a substance, which is defined as the number of moles of a substance per one litre of solution or per one kilogram of solvent.
(b) A compound is made of only sodium and chlorine.
What is the name of this compound??
Answer:
sodium chloride
Explanation:
Answer: sodium chloride.
Explanation: made from 2 forms sodium and chlorine sodium chloride is also used to make salt.
