The Northern Distributors should refund the bond. The net savings from the refunding of the bond is $1,270,666.67.
The formula for bond refunding is as follows:
Refunding cost = old bond carrying value − proceeds from new bond issue − flotation cost + call premium
First, we need to determine the current price of the bond and whether it's trading at a premium or a discount. The formula for the current bond price is:
P = C × (1 − [1 ÷ (1 + r)n ÷ r]) + M ÷ (1 + r)n
Where:
P = the current price of the bond
C = the annual coupon payment
n = the number of years to maturity
r = the required rate of return for this bond
M = the face value of the bond
Therefore, using the given data we get:
P = $120,000 × (1 − [1 ÷ (1 + 0.095)10]) + $1,000,000 ÷ (1 + 0.095)10
P = $1,040,161.73
Hence, the bond is trading at a premium of $40,161.73.
The amount of money that the company will receive from the new bond issue is $40,000,000 × (1 − 0.06) = $37,600,000 (the call premium reduces the amount received).
The company will also incur flotation costs of $1,000,000.
Therefore, the total cost of refunding is:
$40,000,000 − $1,040,161.73 − $37,600,000 − $1,000,000 + 0.06 × $40,000,000 = $3,760,000
The overlap period of one month will generate an additional one-month interest expense, which can be calculated as follows:
Interest expense = $40,000,000 × 0.07 ÷ 12 = $233,333.33 per month
The total interest expense over the one-month overlap period is $233,333.33.
The company's tax rate is 40 percent, so the tax savings from the refunding is:
Tax savings = $3,760,000 × 0.4
= $1,504,000
Therefore, the net savings from refunding the bond are:$1,504,000 − $233,333.33 = $1,270,666.67
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Project M has the following cash flows:
YEAR 0 1 2
CASHFLOW (10,000) 9,000 9,000
The NPV (Net Present Value) of the project at 50% discount rate is:
Question 2 options:
$6,000
$7,500
Zero
$15,000
The NPV of Project M at a 50% discount rate is zero. This means that the present value of the cash inflows from the project is equal to the initial investment, resulting in no net gain or loss.
To calculate the net present value (NPV) of the project, we need to discount the cash flows to their present values and then sum them up. The formula for calculating NPV is:
NPV = CF0 + (CF1 / (1+r)^1) + (CF2 / (1+r)^2) + ...
where CF0, CF1, CF2 are the cash flows in each period, and r is the discount rate.
Given the cash flows for Project M and a discount rate of 50%, we can calculate the NPV as follows:
NPV = -10,000 + (9,000 / (1+0.5)^1) + (9,000 / (1+0.5)^2)
Simplifying the equation:
NPV = -10,000 + 6,000 + 4,000
NPV = 0
Therefore, the NPV of Project M at a 50% discount rate is zero. This means that the present value of the cash inflows from the project is equal to the initial investment, resulting in no net gain or loss.
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blem Cash budget-part 1 PrimeTime Sportswear is a custom imprinter that began operations six months ago. Sales have exceeded management's most optimistic projections. Sales are made on account and collected as follows: 60% in the month after the sale is made 14-4,and 35% in the second month after sale. Merchandise purchases and operating expenses are paid as follows: PrimeTime Sportswear's income statement budget for each of the next four months, newly revised to reflect the success of the firm, follows: Cash on hand June 30 is estimated to be $75,000. Collections of June 30 accounts receivable were estimated to be $40,000 in July and $30,000 in August. Payments of June 30 accounts payable and accrued expenses in July were estimated to be $48,000. Required: a. Prepare a cash budget for July. b. What is your advice to manaqement of PrimeTime Sportswear? n Cash budget The monthly cash budgets for the second quarter of 2022 follow (\$000 omitted) for Tuscano Mfg. Co. A minimum cash balance of $15,000 is required to start each month, and a $50,000 line of credit has been arranged with a local bank at a 16% interest rate. Required: Calculate the missing amounts. (Hint: The total cash available includes collections from customers for all three months, plus the beginning cash balance from January 1, 2022.)
a. Cash budget for July: Beginning cash balance $75,000 + Cash inflows $40,000 - Cash outflows $48,000 = Ending cash balance $67,000.
b. Monitor cash flow, incentivize early payments, review expenses, and maintain proactive cash management for sustainable growth.
a. To prepare a cash budget for July, we need to consider the cash inflows and outflows for the month. Here is a breakdown:
Cash inflows:
- Collections from June sales (60%): $40,000
- Collections from May sales (35%): $0 (since it is the second month after sale)
- Total cash inflows: $40,000
Cash outflows:
- Payments of June accounts payable and accrued expenses: $48,000
Additional information:
- Cash on hand as of June 30: $75,000
- Collections of June 30 accounts receivable in July: $40,000
- Collections of June 30 accounts receivable in August: $30,000
Now, let's calculate the cash budget for July:
Beginning cash balance: $75,000
Cash inflows: $40,000
Total cash available: $115,000 ($75,000 + $40,000)
Cash outflows: $48,000
Ending cash balance: $67,000 ($115,000 - $48,000)
Therefore, the cash budget for July shows an ending cash balance of $67,000.
b. Based on the cash budget, it appears that PrimeTime Sportswear has a positive ending cash balance for July, indicating that they have sufficient cash to cover their expenses. However, it is important for management to closely monitor their cash inflows and outflows to ensure they maintain a healthy cash position. They should continue to analyze their sales projections, collections, and expenses to make accurate cash flow forecasts. Additionally, they could explore optimizing their collection efforts by incentivizing early payments or offering discounts for prompt payment. It may also be beneficial to review their purchasing and expense management practices to identify any potential cost-saving opportunities. Overall, maintaining a proactive approach to cash management will help PrimeTime Sportswear sustain its growth and financial stability.
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Below is an extract from a newsclip. "Sometimes CEOs misbehave. This misbehaviour has terrible consequences for the CEO, the organisation and society, yet still - they do it. Recent estimates suggest that fraud, a specific type of wrongdoing, results in a loss of 5 per cent of sales for a typical company every year and a global loss of about $3.7 trillion."
The article extract highlights the issue of misconduct among CEOs, which has far-reaching consequences for the company, the CEO, and society at large.
Fraud is one type of misconduct that leads to a significant loss for companies globally, according to estimates.
Fraud accounts for a loss of about 5% of sales for an average company each year and a global loss of $3.7 trillion.
This indicates that fraud is a prevalent problem in businesses, and there is a need for increased vigilance and measures to address this problem.
The problem of misconduct is a serious concern for businesses because it has a negative impact on the organization and its stakeholders.
CEOs, who are responsible for the management of the company, are expected to adhere to ethical standards and act in the best interest of the company.
When CEOs engage in misconduct, it not only damages their reputation but also that of the company and adversely affects stakeholders such as employees, shareholders, and customers.
In addition, society is also affected by the negative consequences of the CEO's misconduct, which can lead to a loss of jobs, reduced investment in the company, and a decrease in public trust in business.
To do so, companies must have policies and procedures in place that promote ethical behaviour and prevent fraudulent activities.
The use of technology and increased transparency can also help to identify and prevent misconduct, resulting in a better reputation for the company, increased stakeholder confidence, and greater public trust in business.
In conclusion, the article extract emphasises the need for businesses to address the problem of misconduct among CEOs to avoid the negative consequences associated with it.
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what is the poverty threshold and why does it vary according to how many people are in a household
The poverty threshold is the minimum income level needed to meet basic needs, and it varies according to the size of the household.
The poverty threshold is the minimum income level that a family or household needs to meet their basic needs. It is adjusted for inflation each year and varies according to the size of the household and the age of the householder.
The poverty threshold varies according to the size of the household because the cost of living increases as the number of people in a household increases. For example, a family of four needs more money to meet their basic needs than a single person.
The poverty threshold also varies according to the age of the householder because the cost of living for older adults is typically higher than for younger adults. This is because older adults are more likely to have health problems that require expensive medical care.
Also the poverty threshold increases as the size of the household increases. This is because the cost of living increases as the number of people in a household increases.
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Kelson Sporting Equipment, Inc., makes two different types of baseball gloves: a regular model and a catcher's model. Letting R = number of regular gloves C = number of catcher's mitts leads to the following formulation:
Max 5R + 8C
s.t.
R + 3 2 C ≤ 800 Cutting and sewing
1/2 R + 1/3 C ≤ 240 Finishing
1/8 R + 1/4 C ≤ 100 Packaging and shipping
R, C ≥ 0
The computer solution is shown below.
Optimal Objective Value = 3520.00000
Variable Value Reduced Cost
R 320.00000 0.00000
C 240.00000 0.00000
Constraint Slack/Surplus Dual Value
1 120.00000 0.00000
2 0.00000 3.00000
3 0.00000 28.00000
Variable Objective Coefficient Allowable Increase Allowable Decrease
R 5.00000 7.00000 1.00000
C 8.00000 2.00000 4.66667
Constraint RHS Value Allowable Increase Allowable Decrease
1 800.00000 Infinite 120.00000
2 240.00000 160.00000 106.66667
3 100.00000 24.00000 40.00000
(a) Determine the objective coefficient ranges. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
regulars glove _______ to ________
catcher's mitt _______ to ________
(b)Interpret the ranges in part (a). (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
As long as the profit contribution for the regular glove is between $ _______ and $ _________, the current solution (is/is not) optimal. As long as the profit contribution for the catcher's mitt is between $_______ and $ _______, the current solution (is/is not) optimal.
(c)
Interpret the right-hand-side ranges.
The dual values for the resources are applicable over the following ranges. (Round your answers to two decimal places. If there is no upper or lower limit, enter NO LIMIT.)
current and sewing _______ to __________
finishing _________ to ____________
packaging and shipping ______ to _________
(d)
How much will the value of the optimal solution improve (in $) if 10 extra hours of packaging and shipping time are made available?
(a) The objective coefficient ranges are as follows:
Regular glove:
$1.00 to $7.00
Catcher's mitt:
$4.67 to $2.00
(b) If the profit contribution for the regular glove is between $1.00 and $7.00, the current solution is optimal.
If the profit contribution for the catcher's mitt is between $4.67 and $2.00, the current solution is optimal.
(c) The dual values for the resources are applicable over the following ranges:
Cutting and sewing:
$0.00 to $NO LIMIT
Finishing:
$106.67 to $160.00
Packaging and shipping:
$24.00 to $40.00
(d) The current solution has a value of $3520.00. If 10 extra hours of packaging and shipping time are made available, the optimal solution will improve by $80.00. The solution will be:
R = 320C = 250
The new profit will be:
5R + 8C = 5(320) + 8(250) = $3600.00
The improvement is:
3600 - 3520 = $80.00.
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use the following information to determine the contribution margin ratio: unit sales 50,000 units unit selling price $ 14.50 unit variable cost $ 7.50 fixed costs $ 204,000 multiple choice
The contribution margin ratio is approximately 48.28%.
The contribution margin ratio is a measure that evaluates the impact of a company's sales on its profits. It indicates the proportion of sales that contributes to covering fixed costs and generating net profit after deducting variable expenses. The formula to calculate the contribution margin ratio is as follows:
Contribution margin ratio = (Sales – Variable expenses) / Sales
In the given scenario, the following information is provided:
Unit sales = 50,000 units
Unit selling price = $14.50
Unit variable cost = $7.50
Fixed costs = $204,000
Total sales can be calculated as follows:
Total sales = Unit sales × Unit selling price = 50,000 units × $14.50 = $725,000
Total variable cost can be calculated as follows:
Total variable cost = Unit variable cost × Unit sales = $7.50 × 50,000 units = $375,000
Contribution margin can be calculated as follows:
Contribution margin = Total sales – Total variable cost = $725,000 – $375,000 = $350,000
The contribution margin ratio can be calculated as follows:
Contribution margin ratio = (Contribution margin / Sales) × 100%
= ($350,000 / $725,000) × 100%
≈ 48.28%
Therefore, the contribution margin ratio is approximately 48.28%.
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Direct Materials and Direct Labor Variance Analysis Shasta Fixture Company manufactures faucets in a small manufacturing facility. The faucets are made from brass, Manufacturing has 60 empiovees. Fach employee presently provides 35 hours of labor per week. Information about a production week is as follows: Required: Total standard cost per unit aboc. Round the cost per unit to two decimal places. - navarmine the direct materials pnce variance, direct materials ceantity vatance, and total direct ruterigls coit variance. Mound your anawers to the aeerest a negative number using a minus sign and an unfoverable variance as a postive number
The direct materials price variance is $2,100 U (Unfavorable), the direct materials quantity variance is $4,500 U (Unfavorable), and the total direct labor cost variance is $49,000 U (Unfavorable).
Direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct labor cost variance are the variances calculated by Direct Materials and Direct Labor Variance Analysis. What is Variance Analysis?
Variance analysis is an important component of management accounting that helps companies to keep track of their expenditures. This analysis entails determining the difference between actual expenses and budgeted expenses for any given accounting period.
In Shasta Fixture Company's case, the total standard cost per unit is $23.50. Here is the solution to the question: Calculation of Direct Materials Price Variance: Actual Cost = 80,000 ÷ 10,000 = $8 per pound
Actual Quantity = 10,500 pounds
Price Variance = (10,500 * $10) - (10,500 * $8) = $21,000 - $18,900 = $2,100 U (Unfavorable)
Calculation of Direct Materials Quantity Variance: Actual Cost = 80,000 ÷ 10,000 = $8 per pound
Standard Cost = $9 per pound Actual Quantity = 10,500 pounds
Quantity Variance = (10,500 * $9) - (10,000 * $9) = $94,500 - $90,000 = $4,500 U (Unfavorable)
Calculation of Total Direct Labor Cost Variance: Standard Hours = 3,500 * 35 = 122,500
Actual Hours = 3,360 * 35 = 117,600
Standard Rate per Hour = $14
Total Direct Labor Standard Cost = 122,500 * $14 = $1,715,000
Actual Rate per Hour = $15Total Direct Labor Actual Cost = 117,600 * $15 = $1,764,000
Total Direct Labor Cost Variance = Actual - Standard = $1,764,000 - $1,715,000 = $49,000 U (Unfavorable)
Hence, the direct materials price variance is $2,100 U (Unfavorable), the direct materials quantity variance is $4,500 U (Unfavorable), and the total direct labor cost variance is $49,000 U (Unfavorable).
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Using Internet search tools, select a case example of an organization that has made what it considered to be an ethical decision. Describe the decision it faced and the decisions and actions that it took subsequently. Critique that decision using the five ethical decision making principles discussed in Chapter 2. Which of the principles were emphasized? Which were less emphasized? Do you agree with their decision? Why or why not?
One example of an organization that made an ethical decision is Ben & Jerry's, an ice cream manufacturer.
In 2018, the company refused to serve two scoops of the same flavor to customers in Australia until the country legalized same-sex marriage. The decision came in response to the nation's contentious same-sex marriage debate.
Ben & Jerry's is a company that values social responsibility, and its actions were not uncommon. It was the first food company to support same-sex marriage in the US, and it continued to advance this cause. It has long championed social justice causes and has taken a strong stance on climate change, among other things.
The company's decision was also consistent with the principle of virtue ethics, which holds that actions should be consistent with virtuous character traits. The decision could be seen as infringing on the rights of customers who wanted two scoops of the same flavor.
However, this principle was less emphasized than the others because the decision did not have a significant impact on customers' rights. Justice was also not a central concern, as the decision did not address broader issues of inequality in society.
In conclusion, Ben & Jerry's decision to refuse to serve two scoops of the same flavor was an ethical decision that was grounded in Intellectual , common good, and virtue ethics.
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T-Mobile Employs Enterprise 2.0
AACSB Standards: Teamwork
Wireless telephone service providers are ranked #5 from the bottom in terms of the most hated industries in the U.S. Surveys show there are three major areas for where improvement is needed. First, customers feel call center staff members can be rude and unhelpful. Second, customers are not happy with the speed of store service or center transactions. Third, customers are not satisfied with the range of wireless voice and/or data plans available.
T-Mobile with 51,000 employees, 73 million customers, and over $40 billion in annual revenue is the third largest wireless provider in the U.S. It recognizes that it must take strong action to eliminate customer pain points. Some recent changes include elimination of two-year service contracts, doing away with data buckets, abolishing unpredictable international roaming charges, and including taxes and fees in the rates quoted customers. These are all part of T-Mobile’s "un-carrier strategy" aimed at putting people first and improving the overall customer experience.
Customers’ biggest complaint about their wireless telephone service provider is the poor service they receive when contacting the service center—long wait times on hold, curt and impatient service reps, and ambiguous answers to their questions. T-Mobile is making use of a commercial Enterprise 2.0 collaboration and knowledge management tool to improve the overall customer experience when customers contact the call center. The Enterprise 2.0 solution helps T-Mobile customers and enables the organization to achieve major increases in productivity, employee teamwork, and customer satisfaction. T-Mobile used Enterprise 2.0 software as the basis to build its "T-Community" which serves as the central knowledge source for customer service and support. The new platform has been well received by customers and has also dramatically improved productivity. The effort required to publish content compared to previous means was cut by 70 percent thus saving $8 million over a three-year period. T-Mobile saves an additional $3 million each year in call handling costs by providing call center reps with easy access to current and more complete information. This cuts down the time spent searching for answers and reduces customer call time.
T-Mobile also used Enterprise 2.0 technology to create a company intranet to enable employees to connect, communicate, and work together as a team. This collaboration platform provides a central place for people to collaborate securely and openly across organizations, geographies, systems, and devices. It brings together all the people, information, and tools needed to move the business forward. The intranet provides a single platform for company communications, team collaboration, employee engagement and onboarding, knowledge sharing, enterprise search, and organizational analytics. It enables employees to create business wikis, support social networking, perform blogging, and create social bookmarks to quickly find information. The intranet is accessible via browsers and a mobile intranet app that enables employees to work from anywhere. With the Enterprise 2.0 intranet, getting work done across departments— or time zones—is easier, more efficient, and more transparent. Decisions are made quickly, and projects are finished faster.
Sources: "2017 Annual Report," https://s22.q4cdn.com/194431217/ files/doc_financials/2017/annual/1500109984.pdf, accessed October 18, 2018; "T-Mobile: Jive-n Drives Customer Knowledge for Better Service and Sales, Massive Savings," https://www.jivesoftware.com/ resource-library/customer-success/t-mobile-jive-n-drives-customerknowledge- better-service-sales-massive-savings/#, accessed October 18, 2018; Shelresa Ngo, "This Is the No. 1 Most Hated Industry in America, According to Real Customers," Cheat Sheet, February 8, 2018, https:// www.cheatsheet.com/money-career/most-hated-industries-in-america-according- to-customers.html.
For the "post by" date...
Respond to the following Critical Thinking Questions:
What complaints do you have in dealing with your wireless service provider? How might Enterprise 2.0 help improve this relationship?
Can you identify any innovative ideas to enable T-Mobile to improve the speed and/or quality of in-store service? Briefly outline your thoughts.
Should T-Mobile consider allowing access to its intranet to customers, suppliers, or other parties? What might be the value in doing this? What potential issues does this raise?
Complaints regarding wireless service providers involve staff members being unhelpful and rude, slow store service, and lack of availability in voice and data plans. Enterprise 2.0 could help improve the relationship between customers and their wireless service provider by improving customer service via the use of a knowledge management tool.
This would improve the productivity, teamwork, and overall satisfaction of both customers and employees by enabling them to easily access the necessary information, cutting down on search times for answers, and reducing customer call time. T-Mobile could use technology to improve the speed and quality of in-store service. One innovative idea is to introduce a mobile application that customers can use to interact with the store while they are in the waiting room. They can use the app to receive updates on their place in line, check out available products and plans, and see how busy the store is. Customers can use the app to ask for assistance with any issues they may be having, which would increase the speed of service. They can also use the app to order online and pick up their purchases in the store. This would be a great opportunity for T-Mobile to improve its customer service by increasing the speed of transactions and making customers' lives easier.
T-Mobile could consider allowing access to its intranet to customers, suppliers, or other parties. By doing this, T-Mobile would be able to better collaborate with its partners, suppliers, and other external stakeholders, which could lead to improved relationships, more effective communication, and better overall business results. However, there are also potential issues that could arise from this. Additionally, this could potentially affect the company's culture, as employees might feel uncomfortable sharing information with external parties.
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In a certain region, demand for construction equipment is downward-sloping and elastic with respect to price, while supply is upward-sloping and relatively inelastic. If the state government imposes a tax on the sale of construction equipment, which of the following statements would be true about the effect of the tax?
1. More of the tax burden falls on consumers than on producers
2. More of the tax burden falls on producers than on consumers
3. Total consumer and producer surplus will be reduced by an amount equal to the tax revenue generated
4. None of the above
5. All of the above
The effect of the tax on the sale of construction equipment In the case where demand for construction equipment is downward-sloping and elastic with respect to price.
While supply is upward-sloping and relatively inelastic, if the state government imposes a tax on the sale of construction equipment, more of the tax burden falls on consumers than on producers.It is important to note that when the supply curve is inelastic, producers tend to bear more of the tax burden.
In the case mentioned above, the demand curve is downward-sloping and elastic. This implies that consumers are more sensitive to price changes, which means that if the price increases, the consumers are less likely to purchase the equipment.
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is an asymmetric cryptographic protocol that allows two parties to establish a shared key over an insecure channel.
The Diffie-Hellman key exchange is an asymmetric cryptographic protocol that allows two parties to establish a shared key over an insecure channel.
An asymmetric cryptographic protocol is a system that utilizes two different keys, namely the private key and the public key, in order to securely transfer data over an insecure channel. A public key is openly available and can be shared with anyone, while the private key is kept secret by the owner. The RSA algorithm is an example of an asymmetric cryptographic protocol.
An asymmetric cryptographic protocol that allows two parties to establish a shared key over an insecure channel is called the Diffie-Hellman key exchange. It is a key agreement protocol that enables two parties, each having an identical secret, to establish a shared secret over an insecure channel without the need for any prior communication. This is accomplished through the use of public and private keys to encrypt and decrypt data, respectively.
The Diffie-Hellman key exchange method allows two parties to establish a shared key over an insecure channel, which can then be used for secure communication. It is widely used in secure communication protocols such as SSL/TLS, SSH, and IPsec. The protocol is secure against passive eavesdropping attacks, but is vulnerable to active man-in-the-middle attacks. To prevent such attacks, the parties can use digital signatures and certificates to authenticate each other's identity before establishing a shared key.
In conclusion, the Diffie-Hellman key exchange is an asymmetric cryptographic protocol that allows two parties to establish a shared key over an insecure channel. It uses public and private keys to encrypt and decrypt data, and is widely used in secure communication protocols. The protocol is secure against passive eavesdropping attacks but is vulnerable to active man-in-the-middle attacks.
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--------------------- is one reason for the different rates of entrepreneurship among countries across the globe.
a. climate
b. competitiveness
c. culture
d. constitution
Different cultures have varying levels of acceptance and support for entrepreneurship. In some cultures, entrepreneurship is highly valued and encouraged, with a positive perception of entrepreneurs as role models and contributors to economic growth. In such societies, individuals may be more willing to take risks, pursue innovative ideas, and start their own businesses.
On the other hand, certain cultures may have a more conservative mindset, emphasizing job security and stability rather than entrepreneurial pursuits. In these cultures, there may be a higher preference for traditional employment and a reluctance to take the risks associated with starting and managing a business.
Additionally, cultural factors such as attitudes towards failure, social norms, and the perception of wealth and success can also influence the entrepreneurial landscape. In some cultures, failure may be stigmatized, which can deter individuals from taking entrepreneurial risks. Cultural norms regarding gender roles and social expectations may also affect the opportunities and support available to aspiring entrepreneurs.
While culture is an important factor, it is essential to note that other factors like economic conditions, legal and regulatory frameworks, access to finance, education and skills, and infrastructure also play significant roles in determining the rates of entrepreneurship across countries. The interplay of these factors varies across nations and contributes to the diverse entrepreneurial landscapes observed globally.
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In the global economy, some nations are open to international trade, while others use tariffs and import quotas to limit the impact of trade. Which of the following is a reasonable conclusion that you can draw from this statement?
A. differences in economic institutions exist among nations
B. no nation intentionally aims for an unsustainable trade imbalance
C. nations have similar priorities and similar economic situations
D. economic growth is built on a foundation of trade improvements
It is important to note that while this conclusion can be drawn, it does not imply that all nations within each category have similar economic institutions. There can still be variations within the group of nations that are open to trade or the group that uses trade barriers.
The correct option is A
The statement suggests that some nations are open to international trade, while others use tariffs and import quotas to limit the impact of trade. This indicates that there are differences in economic institutions among nations. Economic institutions refer to the rules, policies, and structures that govern economic activity within a country. Different nations have different economic institutions, which can be influenced by factors such as political ideology, historical context, and economic priorities.
For example, some nations may prioritize free trade and believe that it can lead to economic growth and prosperity. These nations are likely to have fewer trade barriers and be more open to international trade. On the other hand, some nations may have concerns about the impact of international trade on their domestic industries. They may use tariffs and import quotas to protect their domestic producers from foreign competition and maintain the stability of their domestic markets. Therefore, the reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from the statement is that differences in economic institutions exist among nations.
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a(n) ____ company maintains its management and business operations in its home country while exporting products to or importing products from other countries.
A domestic company, also known as a local company, maintains its management and business operations within its home country.
These companies primarily operate in one country and sell their products and services within that same country. They cater to the local market and do not have plans for international expansion.
A domestic company is subject to the regulations and laws of its home country. It must comply with the rules and regulations set by the government. It has the freedom to export its products to other countries or import products from abroad.
The strategies, policies, procedures, rules, regulations, and decision-making systems of a domestic company are influenced by local preferences and cultural norms of the home country. These businesses, being locally headquartered, often face fewer cultural adjustments and language barriers compared to multinational corporations with global subsidiaries.
In summary, a domestic company operates exclusively within its home country. It produces goods and services for the local market and sells them within the same region. While they may engage in international trade by exporting or importing products, their primary focus remains on the local market.
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On October 7, 2022 (Friday), you purchased $100,000 of the
following T-bill: Maturity Bid Asked Chg Asked Yld
1/26/2023 3.408 3.398 +0.015 ??? Calculate your purchase price,
and the Asked Yield.
The purchase price and asked yield of T-bills worth $100,000 with maturity dates of January 26, 2023, bid of 3.408, asked of 3.398, and an increase of 0.015 are to be calculated.
The asked yield is the percentage yield at which a dealer is willing to sell a Treasury bill. The difference between the bid and ask prices is the bid-ask spread. The bid price is the price that a dealer is willing to pay for a Treasury bill.The purchase price of the T-bill can be calculated using the following formula
:P = (FV x (1 - R x T/360))where,
P = Purchase Price
FV = Face Value
R = Interest Rate
T = Number of Days until MaturitySubstituting the values:
P = (100000 x (1 - 3.398 x 111/360))
= 98,757.30.
Therefore, the purchase price of the T-bill is 98,757.30.The yield can be calculated as follows:
Yield = ((FV-P)/P) x (360/T)) x 100Substituting the values:
Yield = ((100000-98757.30)/98757.30) x (360/111)) x 100Yield
= 2.39%Therefore, the asked yield is 2.39%.
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Sjddery Company seils feuther saddles ard equipmient for horse enthusiasts. Saddiery uses the pafpetuat imvertoryssam, The following sehedule relates to the corrparyys liveritory for the month of Misy: Calculate Saddlery Companys cost of goods sold, gross margin, and ending inventory using FiFO. Cost of goods sold $ Gross margin Ending Inventory Calculate Saddlery Companys cost of goods sold, gross margin, and ending inventory using weighted-average. (Round calculations fo cost per unit to 2 decimal places, e.g. 10.52 and final answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 61,052.) Cost of goods sold \& Gross margin \$ Ending Inventory, $ Which cost formula produced the higher gross margin? (Round answers to 2 produces the higher gross margin
Saddlery Company sells feather saddles and equipment for horse enthusiasts. Saddlery uses the perpetual inventory system. The following schedule relates to the company's inventory for the month of May.
FIFO (First-in, First-out)The first step is to calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS).COGS = cost of beginning inventory + cost of purchases – cost of ending inventory cost of beginning inventory
= 6 × $150
= $900
cost of purchases = 10 × $170 + 8 × $180
= $3,660
cost of ending inventory = 2 × $180 + 4 × $200
= $920
COGS = $900 + $3,660 – $920
= $3,640
The gross margin can be calculated as follows:
Gross margin = revenue – cost of goods sold Revenue is not provided in the problem statement, so we cannot calculate the gross margin .
The cost formulas produced the same gross margin as revenue was not given in the problem statement. Therefore, we cannot compare the two formulas' results.
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Omega Company purchased an office building in cash at a cost of $800,000 on January 1, 2015. Omega estimated that the building's life would be 20 years and the scrap value at the end of 20 years would be \$15,000. On January 1, 2016, the company made several expenditures; walls painted, floors refinished for $20,000, and installed additional pollution-control devices in the building for $45,000. With the new device, the life of the building extended by an additional 6 years. In 2019 , the company sold the factory building for $500,000 in cash. Make necessary journal entries for each case (assume the company uses double declining balance method)
On January 1, 2015, Omega Company purchased an office building in cash for $800,000. Omega estimated that the life of the building would be 20 years and the scrap value at the end of 20 years would be $15,000.
The cost of the building that was purchased will be written off using the double-declining-balance method (DDB) of depreciation.
This method implies that the asset's depreciation rate will be two times the straight-line depreciation rate. The DDB depreciation rate can be calculated using the following formula: DDB rate = 1 / life of the asset x 2
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A new computer virus (AcctBGone) destroyed most of the company records at BackupsRntUs. The computer experts at the company could recover only a few fragments of the company's factory ledger for March as follows. Further investigation and reconstruction from other sources yielded the following additional information: - The controller remembers clearly that actual manufacturing overhead costs are recorded at $18 per direct labor-hour. (The company assigns actual overhead to Work-in-Process Inventory.) - The production superintendent's cost sheets showed only one job in Work-in-Process Inventory on March 31. Materials of $15,800 had been added to the job, and 320 direct labor-hours had been expended at $37 per hour. - The Accounts Payable are for direct materials purchases only, according to the accounts payable clerk. He clearly remembers that the balance in the account was $36,700 on March 1. An analysis of canceled checks (kept in the treasurer's office) shows that payments of $252,300 were made to suppliers during the month. - The payroll ledger shows that 5,100 direct labor-hours were recorded for the month. The employment department has verified that there are no variations in pay rates among employees (this infuriated Steve Fung, who believed that his services were underpaid). - Records maintained in the finished goods warehouse indicate that the finished goods inventory totaled $108,000 on March 1. - The cost of goods manufactured in March was $564,700. Required: Determine the following amounts: a. Work-in-process inventory, March 31. b. Direct materials purchased during March. c. Actual manufacturing overhead incurred during March. d. Cost of goods sold for March.
a. Work-in-process inventory on March 31 = $27,640
b. Direct materials purchased during March = $289,000
c. Actual manufacturing overhead incurred during March = $91,800
d. Cost of goods sold for March = $564,700
a. Work-in-process inventory on March 31 Materials $15,800
Direct labor cost = 320 hours × $37 = $11,840,
Total = $27,640
b. Direct materials purchased during March.Balance, March 1 $36,700
Add: purchases $252,300,
Total = $289,000
c. Actual manufacturing overhead incurred during March.Direct labor cost $18 per direct labor hour = $91,800
d. Cost of goods sold for March:Direct materials used: Beginning inventory $36,700
Add:
Purchases 252,300 ,
Total = $289,000,
Ending inventory (Cost of finished goods in ending inventory) 108,000,
Direct materials used (cost of goods manufactured) $181,000 ,
Direct labor cost 320 hours × $37 per hour $11,840 ,
Manufacturing overhead (18 per direct labor-hour × 5,100 direct labor-hours) $91,800 ,
Total manufacturing costs $284,640 ,
Cost of goods sold: Beginning finished goods inventory $108,000 ,
Add:
Cost of goods manufactured 564,700
Goods available for sale $672,700 ,
Ending finished goods inventory (108,000)
Cost of goods sold $564,700
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QUESTION TWO [25] 2.1 Describe the benefits of implementing Enterprise Risk Management and discuss the barriers / hindrances to the successful implementation of Enterprise Risk Management. 2.2 Analyse the significance of building survival in relation to business risk management.
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is a holistic approach that organizations use to manage risks while capturing opportunities. It involves identifying, assessing, and managing risks across an organization.
Implementing ERM has several benefits, including improved decision-making, enhanced risk mitigation strategies, better alignment of risk and strategy, improved operational efficiencies, and reduced negative impacts of risk. The barriers to successful ERM implementation include cultural resistance, lack of resources, competing priorities, and inadequate support from top management.
To overcome these challenges, organizations need to build a culture of risk management, allocate adequate resources to ERM, and ensure that the strategy is aligned with the organization's goals. The significance of building survival in relation to business risk management lies in ensuring that an organization can sustain its operations in the event of unexpected disruptions.
Business continuity planning (BCP) is critical in ensuring that an organization can continue to operate during and after a disruption. The process involves identifying potential disruptions and putting measures in place to mitigate the impacts. A robust BCP will help an organization to minimize disruption, reduce recovery time, and minimize losses.
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Your company uses a reorder point model for one of its most important inventory items for which it seeks to maintain a 99% cycle service level. According to policy, you recently placed a replenishment order when the inventory position dropped to 681 units. The lead time for this item is known to be 3 weeks. Average weekly demand is 200 units with a weekly standard deviation of demand of 20 units.
Three days after placing your order, your supplier informed you it had experienced an equipment failure that would result in your order being delayed. You have been told that your order will be delivered 3 weeks from the date the supplier notified you of the problem. In the period between placing your order and notification of the delay, 100 units of inventory have been consumed.
What is the probability that you will run out of inventory of this important item before your supplier can deliver the replenishment order?
The probability of running out of inventory before the supplier can deliver the replenishment order is 0.05 or 5%.
To calculate the probability of running out of inventory before the supplier can deliver the replenishment order, we need to consider the lead time demand and the current inventory position.Given:
Reorder point (ROP) = 681 units, Lead time = 3 weeks, Average weekly demand = 200 units, Standard deviation of weekly demand = 20 units, Inventory consumed during the delay = 100 units. First, we need to calculate the lead time demand, which is the average demand during the lead time: Lead time demand = Average weekly demand * Lead time, Lead time demand = 200 units/week * 3 weeks, Lead time demand = 600 units, Next, we calculate the standard deviation of the lead time demand:Standard deviation of lead time demand = Standard deviation of weekly demand * Square root of lead time, Standard deviation of lead time demand = 20 units/week * sqrt(3), Standard deviation of lead time demand ≈ 34.64 units, Now, we calculate the effective inventory position at the time of the delay:Effective inventory position = Inventory position at the time of order - Inventory consumed during the delay. Effective inventory position = 681 units - 100 units. Effective inventory position = 581 units. To determine the probability of running out of inventory, we can use the normal distribution with the mean equal to the effective inventory position and the standard deviation equal to the standard deviation of the lead time demand. We need to find the probability that the demand during the lead time exceeds the effective inventory position:Probability of running out of inventory = 1 - cumulative distribution function (CDF) of (Effective inventory position, Mean = Lead time demand, Standard deviation = Standard deviation of lead time demand). Using statistical software or a table, we can find the cumulative probability or CDF. Let's assume the CDF value is 0.05.Therefore, the probability of running out of inventory before the supplier can deliver the replenishment order is 0.05 or 5%.
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Explain each activity that are available in scrum framework such as sprint planning, daily scrum (daily standup), scrum review, and scrum retrospective. Include the participants in each meeting.
Scrum framework is a popular methodology used by Agile development teams for software development. Scrum is based on the principles of Agile, which focuses on delivering high-quality software in an iterative and incremental way. In Scrum, there are four key activities or events that take place: Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum (Daily Standup), Scrum Review, and Scrum Retrospective.
Each activity has its own purpose and participants. Below is an explanation of each activity and the participants involved: Sprint Planning: Sprint Planning is the first event that takes place in Scrum. The purpose of Sprint Planning is to define the work that needs to be done during the upcoming Sprint and to create a Sprint Goal.
The participants involved in Sprint Planning are: Product Owner: Responsible for defining the requirements of the project and prioritizing the backlog.
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Which of the following is an example of quantitative data? Job title Job classification Salany Department name
Quantitative data refers to data that are numerical, that is, data that can be counted or measured. These data can be used to generate statistics that can be used to describe a given phenomenon or set of phenomena.
Examples of quantitative data include height, weight, income, and age. Out of the options provided, the only example of quantitative data is salary. This is because salary is a numerical value that can be measured.
Job title, job classification, and department name are all examples of categorical data, which are data that can be classified into specific categories or groups.
While they may contain numbers, these numbers do not have any numerical significance and are only used to label the different categories or groups. In conclusion, salary is an example of quantitative data.
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If the nominal wages of carpenters rose by 3 percent in 2019 and the price level increased by 5 percent, then the real wages of carpenters Multiple Choice a. decreased by 3 percent.
b. decreased by 2 percent. c. increased by 2 percent. d. increased by 8 percent.
If the nominal wages of carpenters rose by 3 percent in 2019 and the price level increased by 5 percent, then the real wages of carpenters nt is: b. decreased by 2 percent.
What is the Change in Real Wages?Using this formula to calculate the change in real wages is:
Change in Real Wages = Percentage change in nominal wages - Percentage change in price level
Let plug in the formula
Change in Real Wages = 3% - 5%
Change in Real Wages = -2%
Therefore the real wages is option b.
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which of the following is true regarding bruno's sale of securities before the effective date of registration?
Before the effective date of registration, selling securities can result in penalties or legal actions. It is illegal to sell securities before the effective date of registration.
Securities should be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) before they are offered for sale to the public. This registration process will include providing information about the company, the securities being sold, and the risks associated with the investment.Bruno, the owner of a company, needs to follow all the regulations set by the SEC to protect the investors from fraud. The SEC requires securities to be registered before they can be sold to the public. Thus, if Bruno sells securities before the registration process is complete, it would result in legal action and penalties. Therefore, it is illegal to sell securities before the effective date of registration.
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Situation: You are the new Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of a non-profit hospital. MRI volumes over the past 5 years have increased dramatically to the point where the demand exceeds the capacity of the single MRI that the hospital is currently operating. A request has come from the director of Imaging to purchase an additional MRI. There is space available but the room will need to be shielded after the MRI is installed. This project has been on the long-term strategic plan for the past four years. As you understand, each year the CEO has told the CFO to postpone purchasing the MRI. You have a need to access capital funding and analyze the financial impact of purchasing a new MRI. Complete and SBAR that describes the request as follows: · Situation – Describe the situation of the MRI request · Background – Discuss issues that may have stopped the CFO and Administration from purchasing the MRI in the past. o Include a summary or outline of the capital budget request process · Assessment/Analysis - Provide the financial analysis that supports (or doesn’t support) purchasing the MRI this analysis will include o Expected life of the MRI o Cashflow analysis of the MRI over that expected life (Hint: don’t forget to include the initial purchase of the MRI in year one) o NPV Calculation o IRR Calculation · Recommendation – What is your recommendation based on the analysis and background discussion. Assuming that you do recommend purchasing the MRI, describe how you would access capital to pay for this purchase and why you chose this option. · Compare and contrast the follow methods to pay for the purchase of the new MRI o Bond Issue o New Loan or Line of Credit o Using Cash Reserves o Philanthropy o Would raising revenue to increase reimbursement be an option, why or why not?
SBAR refers to Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. The following is an SBAR statement that describes a request to buy an additional MRI in a non-profit hospital:
Situation – The non-profit hospital is facing an increase in the volume of MRI cases. The hospital has a single MRI machine, and the demand for it has exceeded its capacity. The director of Imaging has requested the purchase of another MRI. There is sufficient space available, but the room will need to be shielded after installation.
Background – The purchase of an additional MRI has been part of the hospital's long-term strategic plan for the last four years. However, the CEO has always directed the CFO to postpone purchasing the MRI. The capital budget request process may have also contributed to this delay. Typically, in this process, the CFO must prepare and present a capital budget request to the CEO and board. The request should include a justification, timeline, and projected return on investment.
Assessment/Analysis - Based on the financial analysis conducted, it is recommended that the non-profit hospital purchases an additional MRI machine. The financial analysis will include the expected life of the MRI, cash flow analysis, net present value (NPV), and internal rate of return (IRR) calculations. These will help to evaluate the financial impact of purchasing an additional MRI machine over the expected life of the machine.
Recommendation – Based on the analysis, it is recommended that the non-profit hospital should purchase the additional MRI machine. To finance the purchase, several methods could be considered, including bond issue, new loan or line of credit, using cash reserves, philanthropy, or raising revenue to increase reimbursement. Of these methods, a bond issue or new loan is recommended, as it is a more cost-effective method of financing. Philanthropy is also a good option, but it may not provide the entire funding needed. Raising revenue to increase reimbursement may not be feasible, as it is dependent on the availability of funds from payers.
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The
Company is Target.
The
Company is Target. Industry is retail.
Industry Comparison Search the company on the MSN Money website. Find the industry ratios for the following: - Current Ratio - Debt to Equity Ratio - Return on Assets - Return on Equity - Inventory Tu
In order to understand the financial health of Target, an American retail corporation, several industry ratios were used, including the current ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, return on equity, and inventory turnover.
By using industry ratios such as current ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, return on equity, and inventory turnover, the financial health of Target was analyzed. The current ratio for Target is 0.96, which is lower than the industry median of 1.10. A current ratio greater than one indicates the ability of the company to pay its short-term liabilities using its current assets. Hence, Target needs to improve its current ratio in order to meet its short-term obligations.
The debt-to-equity ratio of Target is 2.11, which is higher than the industry median of 1.37. This implies that Target is using more debt in comparison to equity in financing its assets, indicating a higher financial risk. Therefore, Target needs to lower its debt or increase its equity in order to lower its risk. The return on assets of Target is 6.10%, which is higher than the industry median of 3.20%.
This indicates that Target is efficient in utilizing its assets in generating profits. The return on equity of Target is 20.70%, which is higher than the industry median of 15.30%. This indicates that Target is efficient in utilizing its equity in generating profits. Lastly, the inventory turnover of Target is 8.10, which is lower than the industry median of 8.80.
This implies that Target is taking more time to sell its inventory in comparison to its competitors. Target needs to improve its inventory turnover by optimizing its inventory to avoid overstocking or stockouts.
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Discuss any four (4) advantages of taking out private
export credit insurance.
Export credit insurance is a type of insurance policy that protects exporters against the risk of non-payment by buyers. There are several advantages of taking out private export credit insurance.
Here are four advantages:
1. Mitigates the Risk of Non-payment by Buyers
One of the primary advantages of export credit insurance is that it helps mitigate the risk of non-payment by buyers.
It protects the exporter against the risk of the buyer defaulting on their payment obligation due to factors such as insolvency, political risks, or economic instability.
2. Helps Expand Market ShareExport credit insurance helps exporters expand their market share by allowing them to extend credit terms to their buyers.
This means that buyers can purchase goods and services without having to pay for them immediately, which makes it easier for them to buy from the exporter.
By offering credit terms, exporters can make their products more attractive to buyers and increase their market share.
3. Provides Access to FinancingExport credit insurance can provide exporters with access to financing.
Since export credit insurance mitigates the risk of non-payment by buyers, it makes it easier for exporters to obtain financing from banks and other financial institutions.
This is because lenders are more willing to lend to exporters who have export credit insurance, as it reduces their risk exposure.
4. Improves Cash FlowExport credit insurance can help improve cash flow for exporters.
By mitigating the risk of non-payment by buyers, it ensures that exporters receive payment for their goods and services on time.
This means that they can maintain a steady cash flow and avoid cash flow problems that can arise due to delayed payments or non-payment by buyers.
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Brandon and Madeleine just purchased a piece of land and a tractor. They plan to start growing and selling organic jalapeno peppers. They have heard that the market for organic jalapeno peppers is perfectly competitive. What does that mean in terms of long-run profit? Firms will earn negative economic profits in the long run. Firms will earn zero economic profit in the long run. Firms will earn positive economic profits in the long run. Firms will earn zero accounting profit in the long run. O Brandon and Madeleine want to know the quantity they should produce to maximize profit. As their economic advisor, you recommend that they O O O O produce until marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue. produce until marginal revenue is equal to price. produce as much as possible, regardless of cost. produce until price falls below the average variable cost.
Brandon and Madeleine, in a perfectly competitive market for organic jalapeno peppers, firms will earn zero economic profit in the long run.
In the long run, in a perfectly competitive market, firms have the ability to enter or exit the market freely. If firms in the market are earning positive economic profits, it will attract new firms to enter the market. This increased competition leads to an increase in the supply of organic jalapeno peppers, which in turn lowers the market price. As the market price decreases, firms' economic profits diminish until they reach zero. Conversely, if firms in the market are experiencing negative economic profits, some firms may exit the market, reducing supply and causing prices to rise until reaching a point where economic profits become zero.
As an economic advisor, I recommend that Brandon and Madeleine produce until marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue to maximize their profit. In a perfectly competitive market, the marginal revenue equals the market price. By producing up to the point where marginal cost (MC) equals marginal revenue (MR), they ensure that the cost of producing an additional unit is equal to the revenue generated by selling that unit. This maximizes their overall profit.
Therefore, to maximize profit in the long run, Brandon and Madeleine should produce until marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue (or market price).
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1. A project manager is notified of a natural disaster that may
occur during an active project’s execution. Which of the following
is the best option to maintain budget and scope? (Give
explanations
A project manager is notified of a natural disaster that may occur during an active project’s execution. In this case, the best option to maintain budget and scope is to follow the pre-defined risk management plan.
The risk management plan describes how the project team will identify, assess, and manage risks throughout the project's lifecycle. The plan helps the project manager to develop a proactive approach to address risks and develop appropriate responses.In the case of natural disaster, the project manager should first evaluate the situation to determine the potential impact on the project's scope and budget.
The project manager should work with the stakeholders to identify any changes in the project requirements, timeline, or budget.The project manager should assess the project schedule and budget to determine if any adjustments are necessary.
The plan should outline how to identify and address potential risks to the project's budget and scope. The contingency plans should also be developed to respond effectively if the disaster occurs during the project's execution.
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7. A marketing channel intermediary knows its customers want to be able to buy in large quantity, so it needs to be especially concerned about the it provides to customers. a. spatial convenience b. service backup c. lot size d. waiting time e. product variety 8. A company that is developing a national chain of dealerships to sell used cars at one fixed price needs to be concerned about providing its customers with which of the following services desired by customers? a. a high level of spatial convenience b. product differentiation c. market aggregation d. Form utility e. a narrow assortment breadth 9. With which of the following products is its manufacturer most likely to use exclusive distribution? a. men's dress shirts b. pruning sheers c. handheld calculator d. baby grand piano e. Star Wars merchandise 10. Channel objectives should be: a. stated in terms of which channels will be used b. written with the strengths and weaknesses of intermediaries in mind c. uniform across product lines d. designed to be impervious to temporary changes in the external environment e. all of the above 11. Once channel objectives have been established the next step in channel design is to: a. determine service output levels b. select the channel members c. set up contingency plans in the event of environmental changes d. identify the major channel alternatives e. evaluate the major channel alternatives
A marketing channel intermediary knows its customers want to be able to buy in large quantity, so it needs to be especially concerned about the "lot size" it provides to customers. A lot size is the quantity of a product offered for sale.
A company that is developing a national chain of dealerships to sell used cars at one fixed price needs to be concerned about providing its customers with which of the following services desired by customers? The correct answer is "product differentiation." A company that is developing a national chain of dealerships to sell used cars at one fixed price must provide product differentiation to differentiate its product from competitors.
With which of the following products is its manufacturer most likely to use exclusive distribution? The correct answer is "baby grand piano." A baby grand piano is the product with the most exclusive distribution as it is costly and needs the utmost attention to detail during transportation and delivery.
Channel objectives should be "written with the strengths and weaknesses of intermediaries in mind." Channel objectives should be defined in line with the strengths and weaknesses of intermediaries so that effective strategies could be developed to achieve channel objectives.
Once channel objectives have been established the next step in channel design is to "identify the major channel alternatives." This is the most critical step as the channel objectives decide how the manufacturer plans to sell its product, and the right distribution channels must be chosen to ensure that the product reaches the right consumers.
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