The structure resolved and restored into two discrete DNA molecules through another round of DNA cleavage in interconnected Holliday junctions.
The Holliday junction, which is interconnected, produces the two distinct DNA molecules. A site of genetic recombination is created when part of one DNA molecule is covalently joined to part of the homologous DNA molecule. Following this, there is no effective crossover created until the last crossover is created. The first two DNA molecules only contain brief stretches of genetic exchange.
In various types of genetic recombination and double-strand break repair, Holliday junctions are a crucial step in biology. These junctions are typically movable because they contain symmetrical sequences, which allows the four separate arms to move through the junction in a manner that mainly maintains base pairing. Holliday-like four-arm junctions can also be found in some functional RNA molecules.
Hence, two DNA strand are created through holiday junction.
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Place the following labels in the proper position to designate what effect each condition would have on membrane physiology
The arrangement of the placement are:
makes RMP less negative
- ATP stores are declining through mitochondrial poison (arsenic)
- decreased concentration of leaky potassium channels in the membrane
- increased concentration of leaky sodium channels in the membrane
influence the ability of the cell to repolarize
- acetylcholine esterase concentration is decreased
- voltage-regulated potassium channels are blocked
influences the ability of the cell to depolarize
- the size the synaptic cleft is increased
- neurotransmitter synthesis is compromised due to Golgi dysfunction in the pre-synaptic neuron
- release of excitatory neurotransmitter input is blocked
- hypothermia (low ECF sodium)
- hyperhydration (high water concentration in ECF)
What is the cell membrane structure?The cell membrane is a highly flexible structure made mostly of two layers of phospholipids, or "bilayers," back to back. The membrane contains several proteins that serve a number of purposes, along with cholesterol, which adds to the fluidity of the membrane.
Therefore, in the membrane, the phospholipid molecule is made up of a hydrophilic polar phosphate "head" and a hydrophobic non-polar lipid "tail." among others,
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gene believes that characters in a popular science fiction show are secretly sending him messages this
gene believes that characters in a popular science fiction show are secretly sending him messages this Reference
Science fiction, sometimes abbreviated as "science fiction" or "SF," is a category of speculative fiction that frequently explores imaginative and futuristic ideas like advanced technology, space travel, time travel, parallel universes, extraterrestrial life, sentient artificial intelligence, cybernetics, some types of immortality (like mind uploading), and the singularity. Inventions like the atomic bomb, robots, and borazon, whose names exactly match their fictitious forebears, were foreseen by science fiction. Science fiction may also provide a channel for future scientific and technological advancements.
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tissue-specific signals instruct cells to differentiate into specific cell types. stem cells become activated and undergo cell division. signals are received that indicate a need for additional cell types. new progenitor cells are generated to contribute to a growing cell population. the newly differentiated cells then contribute to the tissue, but they may be eliminated later as they age or become damaged.
Generic embryonic cells become specialized cells through cell differentiation. Gene expression is a process that causes something to happen. Gene expression, which is the exact set of genes that are switched on or off, controls how a cell behaves.
How do plant cells decide which cell type to develop into?The trajectory that specific stem cells take when they differentiate appears to be determined by transcription factors, proteins that control which genes are produced in a cell.
What is meant by the differentiation of cells into several tissue types?The process of specialization that results in the development of brain, heart, and all other tissues from the single-cell zygote and the primitive, three-layered embryo is known as cell differentiation.
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2. Galileo is best known for the invention of the:
O Satellite
O Telescope
O Camera
O Computer
Answer: Telescope
Explanation: Galileo pioneered the use of the telescope for observing the night sky. His discoveries undermined traditional ideas about a perfect and unchanging cosmos with the Earth at its centre.
What causes the Bottleneck
Effect?
A. a new species diverges from the
original population and develops new
alleles
B. when a few individuals join a
population and cause a shift in the
allele frequency
C. a large loss in the population due to
a dramatic event this is the answer
D. when a few individuals leave a
population to begin their own
4
Answer: C
Explanation: Genetic drift can have major effects when a population is sharply reduced in size by a natural disaster.
Option D would be referring to the 'founder effect'. Option A would be referring to a 'sampling error' and option B is referring to 'fixation'.
you typed "this is the answer" so im assuming you already knew this lol
Scientists believe that 250 million years ago ________.
A
the continents were farther apart
B
the continents were underwater
C
there was only one active volcano on Earth
D
the continents were connected
which of the following correctly orders events during mitosis
Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase should happen in that order during mitosis. Chromatin condenses into discernible chromosomes and the nuclear envelope dissolves during prophase.
How are meiosis and mitosis carried out?Meiosis, a type of cell division, is what creates sperm and egg cells. Mitosis is a crucial aspect of life. During the mitotic process, a cell duplicates all of its components, including its chromosomes, and then divides into two identical daughter cells.
In living organisms, the following things must happen in the right order (sequence) during mitotic division:1. Microtubules' mitotic spindle (spindle fibers) adheres to chromosomes.
2. Microtubules help sex cells to maintain their chromosome organization.
The nuclear membrane is then broken down in step 3.
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what is the correct order of levels of organization, from smallest to largest?; cell tissue organ, organ system, organism examples; list the different levels of biological organization from the largest to smallest; cell tissue, organ, organ system organism in order; what are the levels of organization; chemical level of organization; cellular level of organization; label the levels of structural organization in the human body.
The correct order of the levels of organization from smallest to larges is: cell, tissue, organ, system and organism.
Living organisms have different forms of classification, one of them is from the levels of organization. This classification refers to complexity and size. The levels from least to greatest complexity are:
Cell: Basic unit of structure and function of all living things.
Tissue: Group of cells of the same type.
Organs: Structure composed of one or more types of tissue. The tissues of an organ work together to fulfill a specific function.
Organic System: Group of organs that work together to fulfill a certain function.
Organism: An individual living being that can be composed of one or more organic systems.
According to the above, the correct order of the organization levels from smallest to largest is cell, tissue, organ, system, and organism.
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all of the following are components of the urinary system, except the_____. a. kidneys, b. ureters, c. liver, d. bladder
Answer:
the correct answer would be C.Liver
Explanation:
because kidneys, ureters, and bladder are all parts of the urinary system
Polygenic characteristics have many phenotypes because the number of possible genotypes (and, therefore, phenotypes, if each genotype corresponds to a unique phenotype) is _____, where n is the number of genes or loci involved.
Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Answer choices
3^n
Polygenic characteristics have many phenotypes because the number of possible genotypes (and, therefore, phenotypes, if each genotype corresponds to a unique phenotype) is 3ⁿ where n is the number of genes or loci involved.
A polygenic trait is a property, such as height or skin colour, that is influenced by two or more genes. Because numerous genes are involved, polygenic traits do not follow the patterns of Mendelian inheritance. Multifactorial traits are many polygenic traits that are also influenced by the environment. Because human characteristics like height, eye color, and hair colour are regulated by numerous genes, each of which contributes in some way to the overall phenotype, they come in a variety of slightly different forms.
Hence, many gene control the phenotype of the individual
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the spotted knapweed produces chemicals which stop the growth of nearby plants. this plant is most likely an____.
the spotted knapweed produces chemicals which stop the growth of nearby plants. this plant is most likely an invasive plants.
An introduced organism that overpopulates and damages its new environment is referred to as an invasive species. Even though the majority of imported species are beneficial or neutral to other species, invasive species have a negative impact on ecosystems and bioregions, leading to ecological, environmental, and/or economic harm.
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show the diazo-coupling reactions to form the following dyes from an aniline compound and an aromatic compound
Combining action :- The N=N bond is used to link two aromatic rings together in the process. In the presence of phenol or aromatic amines, arene diazonium salts—such as benzene diazonium salts—react to produce colored azo compounds.
A diazonium compound and another aromatic compound engage in a chemical process known as an azo coupling, which results in an azo compound. The aryldiazonium cation acts as the electrophile and the activated arene as the nucleophile in this electrophilic aromatic substitution process.
Benzene diazonium chloride and phenol combine to form a yellow-orange azo molecule. The reaction is catalyzed by the base.
As a result, although the reason is flawed, the assertion is true.
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What two levels of organization can be found within an organelle?
Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures? O Distal tubule, loop of Henle, proximal tubule, glomerulus, collecting duct O Loop of Henle, glomerulus, proximal tubule, distal tubule, collecting duct O Glomerulus, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, collecting duct O Proximal tubule, glomerulus, distal tubule, loop of Henle, collecting duct - Previous
It is correct to arrange the nephron tubule features in the following order: distal tubule, loop of Henle, proximal tubule, glomerulus, & collecting duct.
What is the nephron?The kidneys are each made up of a million nephrons, that are filtering cells. A filter called the glomerulus and a tubule are both parts of a nephron. The glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule restores essential chemicals to your blood while removing waste. This is the way the nephrons function.
What is a nephron and its function?Nephron, a functional element of the kidney, is indeed the organ responsible for producing urine as waste or extra chemicals are eliminated from the blood. Every human kidney contains roughly 1,000,000 nephrons.
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What are 2 examples of the second line of defense?; What are the 2 first line of body defenses?; What does the 2nd line of defense do?; What is the body's line of defense against pathogens?
2 examples of the second line of defense are dendritic cells and Macrophages.
Skins, tears and mucus are the 2 first line of body defenses.
A collection of cells, tissues, and organs that cooperate to defend the organism makes up the second line of defence. The immune system is shown here.
The initial line of defence against infection is made up of skin, tears, and mucus. They aid in defending us against encroaching infections.
What is first line of defense?
The body's physical and chemical defences, often known as the first line of defence or outer defence system, are constantly ready and prepared to protect the body against infection. Your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, "friendly" bacteria, and white blood cells known as neutrophils are examples of these.
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operations can assist in minimizing insect and rodent presence by
Operations can help by removing spots that serve as harborage for insects and rodents.
What is a method for maintaining a pest-free workplace?These filthy creatures can be kept at bay by keeping trash cans closed and as clean as possible, eliminating trash frequently, and maintaining clean, free-of-food-debris food areas.
What are the best methods for keeping flies out of the operation?Install plastic strips around the top edge of doors to keep flies from penetrating storage spaces through these open entrances. Keep your facility's windows and doors closed to prevent flies from entering.
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Select the correct answer.
A budget helps businesses succeed for all the following reasons EXCEPT
O A. a budget can help the business owner predict income.
O B.
most business expenses are difficult to predict in advance.
O C.
a budget can allow for additional funds when unexpected expenses arise.
O D.
a business can anticipate how much it will spend on expenses.
most business most business expenses are difficult to predict in advance. are difficult to predict in advance is the correct answer because all the above gave the reasons why budgets are created.
what is budget?
A budget can easily be referred as an estimation of revenue and expenses over a calculated period of time and is usually compiled and re-evaluated on a periodic basis. which is also the process of creating a plan to spend your money.
Types of budget
some of the major types of budgets are:
Master budget. A master budget is an aggregation of lower-level budgets created by the different functional areas in an organization. Operating budgetCash budget.Financial budget.Labor budget.Static budget.learn more about budget here:
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What is an antibiotic?
A. a man-made product that inhibits the
growth of any pathogen in the body
B. the natural defenses of the body that fight
infections
C. a naturally occurring chemical that targets
bacteria that are harmful to the body this is the answer
D. the layer of the cell wall that protects
bacteria from the host
which of the following does not represent a genetic change that can change a proto-oncogene into an oncogene?
A mutation introducing a stop codon immediately after the initiator methionine codon does not represent a genetic mutation capable of converting a proto-oncogene into an oncogene.
An oncogene is a mutated gene achingly has the potential to cause cancer. Before the oncogene is translated, it is called a proto-oncogene, and it plays an important role in regulating normal cell division. Cancer can arise when a proto-oncogene is mutated, turning it into an oncogene and causing cells to divide and grow in an uncontrolled manner Activation of oncogenes involves genetic changes in cellular protooncogenes. The effect of these genetic changes is to give the cell a chance to grow.
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How do you humans get the nitrogen they need
Answer: The air you breathe is around 78% nitrogen, so nitrogen enters your body with every breath. Nitrogen is also obtained from protein-containing foods such as meat, fish, legumes, nuts, eggs, milk and other dairy products.
suppose that you scooped up a sample from a pond containing water and microorganisms on kepler, hypothesize what three of those organisms might be like. include information on how the organisms would feed themselves, where they might live in the pond i.e. shallow/deep, shore/edge, and at least two structures that they might have that would help them to survive. those structures may or may not be similar to ones found in microorganisms on earth. it is up to you
Three of those organisms might be unicellular eukaryotic, prokaryotic unicellular, and strings of individual single cells.
This one is unicellular eukaryotic, which suggests that it might resemble other Protista species. Its eukaryotic organization is demonstrated by the fact that its genetic material is protected by the nuclear membrane and contains organelles that are bound to membranes. It is non-photosynthetic and is located in fish guts.
This one is prokaryotic and unicellular, thus it might be related to other monera species. Its prokaryotic organization is evident from the fact that its genetic material is not protected by the nuclear membrane and lacks membrane-bound organelles.
Strings of distinct single cells make up this one creature. It only has one type of cell. It lacks membrane-bound structures. It is autotrophic and has the structure of streptococcus, which is a row of cells.
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In rabbits, black fur is dominant to white fur. As a rabbit breeder, you crossed a bb male with a Bb female, please complete the Punnett square for the possible genotypes of the offspring. Then complete, the phenotype ratio (out of 4) of the offspring.
***Please follow all Punnett square rules to complete this question.
________ ________
______ offspring 1 offspring 2
______ offspring 3 offspring 4
(Fill in all 4 blanks in the above Punnett square and the 4 offsprings. The first 2 blanks are straight above offspring 1 and 2.) Also fill in the 2 blanks below. 10 total answers.
Black:____ White:___
First, set up the Punnett square using the genotypes of the parents.
The male is bb, so place two b's in the top row. The female is Bb, so place one B in the left column, and one b in the right column.
BB bB
bb bb
Next, fill in the squares of the Punnett square with the possible combinations of the alleles. In the left-hand top square, place a B and a b since the male parent has one B and one b. In the right-hand top square, place a b and a B since the female parent has one B and one b. In the left-hand bottom square, place two b's since both parents have one b. Finally, in the right-hand bottom square, place two b's since both parents have one b.
BB bB
bb bb
Then, calculate the phenotype ratio. The ratio of black fur to white fur is 3:1, since three of the offspring have the black fur allele (BB, Bb, bb) and one of the offspring has the white fur allele (bb).
Black: 3 White: 1
What is the Punnett square?
The Punnett square is a chart used to predict the genotype of a particular cross or breeding experiment. It is named after British geneticist Reginald Punnett, who devised the technique. The square is used to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. It can also be used to describe the probability of a certain phenotype, such as eye color, appearing in the offspring.
What are Genotypes and Phenotypes?
Genotypes are the genetic makeup of an organism, which is determined by the alleles it carries. These alleles are passed from parents to offspring and can be dominant, recessive, or a combination of both.
Phenotypes are the physical characteristics and traits of an organism, which are determined by the genotype, but can also be influenced by environmental factors.
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Which of these facts could you determine by reading the geologic time scale? Select the two correct answers.
O the life forms that lived in each era
O how old Earth is
O the number of eras in Earth's history
the events that ended major divisions of geologic time
Answer:
O the life forms that lived in each era
O the number of eras in Earth's history
Explanation:
The geologic time scale is a way to look at Earth's history by dividing time into distinct periods based on the events that occurred. The scale breaks the roughly 4.6 billion years of Earth's history into a series of eras, periods, and eones.
Answer:
Based on the majority of one’s scientific mindset; the age of the earth and the eras which determine the supposed life forms.
B and C
Explanation:
Trick question; the life forms are identified in the presumed eras which are viewed in the various events throughout Earth’s Histroy.
transcription and translation of a protein which is composed of 630 nucleotides would form___amino acids a. 1890 b. 70 c. 210 d. 630
Transcription and translation of a 630-nucleotide protein would produce 210 amino acids.It is 630/3=210.
Transcription and translation are two processes that convert nucleotide sequences from DNA into amino acid sequences to produce the desired protein.The process by which mRNA codes for a specific protein is known as translation The codon set to each amino acid is coded by over three nucleotides called the triple codon.During transcription, the DNA molecule is unwound, and the RNA strand is synthesized using the unfolded DNA strand as a template. Now that transcription is complete, the RNA molecule travels to the cytoplasm of the cell, where it will be translated into protein.
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What is cytokinesis and when does it occur during the cell cycle?; Where does cytokinesis occur in the cell cycle?; What is the process of cytokinesis ?; What is cytokinesis the stage of the cell cycle?
The physical process of cell division known as cytokinesis splits the parent cell's cytoplasm into two daughter cells. Cytokinesis begins during the anaphase phase of nuclear division and lasts until telophase.
Anaphase marks the start of cytokinesis, which concludes in telophase and is finished when the subsequent interphase starts. The abrupt emergence of a pucker, also known as a cleavage furrow, on the cell surface is the first audible sign of cytokinesis in an animal cell.
The physical process of cell division known as cytokinesis separates a parental cell's cytoplasm into two daughter cells. In animal cells, the two forms of nuclear division, meiosis and mitosis, also take place at the same time.
A cell must correctly separate its cytoplasm and chromosomes throughout the cell cycle's cytokinesis stage in order to produce two daughter cells.
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During which stage(s) of plant seed germination (see model below) is cellular respiration required to supply all plant cells with the ATP required to fuel growth and development? Select ALL that apply: stages of seed germination 3[ A B C D E Stage A Stage B Stage C Stage D Stage E
During stage(s) A, B, C, D, E of plant seed germination (see model below) is cellular respiration required to supply all plant cells with the ATP required to fuel growth and development.
The sprouting of a seed, spore, or other reproductive body, typically following a period of hibernation. The process may be started by the following factors: water absorption, elapse of time, cooling, warming, oxygen availability, and light exposure. germination and cotyledons.
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Synthesize DNA: When new cells are made, DNA is replicated and a copy is given to each new cell. In this activity, imagine that you are DNA polymerase, the enzyme
that makes DNA using a DNA template.
Now imagine that the double stranded DNA helix was already unwound, and you are working with only one strand of the DNA for each sequence. In the space
provided, write the complementary strands for BOTH the normal and the sickle cell DNA strands below.
DNA Sequence (normal):
S'ATG GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT 3¹
DNA Sequence (sickle-cell):
5' ATG GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GTG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT 3
What is the sequence to the complementary strands? Write your answer in the following format:
#xxxxXxx xxxx xxXxXxXxXx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxXxXxXxxxXxXxXxXx
Xxx XXX XXX
# is either 3 or 5. X is either A, G, C, T or U
DNA sequence normal cell
DNA sequence sickle cell
Answer:
Remember apples in a tree, Cars in a garage
Explanation:
Normal DNA sequence:
TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CTC CTC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA
Sickle Cell DNA Sequence:
TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CAC CTC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA
I hope this helps!
the autonomic and somatic relflex arcs have the same components except the autonomic reflex has two motor neurons. true or false?
True: Both of them share the same constituent parts, but the autonomic reflex arc has two motor neurons, whereas the somatic reflex arc contains only one.
What is autonomic and somatic ?
The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord is referred to as the peripheral nervous system. The primary role of the PNS is to transmit data from the central nervous system to the effector organs. The peripheral nerve system is divided into two parts: the somatic and the autonomic. In contrast to the autonomic nervous system, which is referred to as the involuntary nervous system, the somatic nervous system is referred to as the voluntary nervous system. The primary distinction between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems is that the somatic nervous system regulates the body's voluntary muscular movements, whilst the autonomic nervous system regulates the body's involuntary muscular movements.
Somatic and autonomic nerve systems govern different types of motions, which is the primary distinction between them.
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what is the importance of bones, muscles and joints in the human body; bones are made up of which minerals; bones are made up of calcium and; what is a joint; what is skeleton; types of skeletal system; how do muscles help the bones to move; 5 major functions of the skeletal system
The musculoskeletal system is made up of bones, muscles, and joints, as well as cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and connective tissue..
This system provides structure and support to your body while also allowing you to move about. The musculoskeletal system's components develop and alter during life.
Tendons are strong connective tissues that link skeletal muscles to the skeleton (see Figure above). Many skeletal muscles are connected to the ends of bones that come together at a joint. The muscles link the bones and span the joint. Muscle contraction pulls on the bones, causing them to move.
It gives the body its shape, allows movement, produces blood cells, protects organs, and stores minerals.
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with the exception of the lumbricals, all other extensors of digits 1-5 are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve. True/ False
False. All extensors of digits 1–5—aside from the lumbricals—are innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve.
The following are frequent reasons why the peroneal nerve is damaged: Knee trauma or injury. break in the fibula (a bone of the lower leg). Overview. The gluteal muscles are the set of posterior hip & thigh muscles that are the most visible. The gluteus maximus, medius, minimus, & tensor fasciae latae make up this muscle group. These four muscles build up and provide structure to the gluteal (buttock) area. The bladder is not innervated by the vagus nerve. A parasympathetic nerve, the vagus supplies the heart, bronchial musculature, the stomach, as accessory glands from the mouth to the junction of a proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3 of the transverse colon. Its neurons are located in the medulla.
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