Answer: it’s listed here
Explanation: account Mrs Delano
7 Which class of molecules are used by the body to
synthesize proteins?
A. carbohydrates
B. amino acids
C. lipids
D. minerals
Answer:
The correct answer choice is choice B.
Explanation:
Protein synthesis is process in which polypeptide chains are formed from coded combinations of single amino acids inside the cell. The synthesis of new polypeptides requires a coded sequence, enzymes, and messenger, ribosomal, and transfer ribonucleic acids (RNAs).
secretory iga is found in the secretions that coat mucus membranes, thereby preventing pathogens from colonizing mucosal surfaces. what are methods that bacteria have evolved to evade or inactivate these antibodies?
Secretory igA is found in the secretions that coat mucus membranes, thereby preventing pathogens from colonizing mucosal surfaces.The various methods that bacteria have evolved to evade or inactivate these antibodies are intracellular parthenogenesis. The various antibacterial defense systems help the microbes to survive the attack.
What is first line of defense ?
It is the primary defense system that a body develops in order to create a defense mechanisms against the bacteria.
Secretory igA is found in the secretions that coat mucus membranes, thereby preventing pathogens from colonizing mucosal surfaces. The various bacteria grow in such a way that the antibodies are not able to provide them enough of attack in order to protect.
The various antibodies are generated in response to the antigens that a body gets to witness.
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Have you ever noticed that fruit flies don’t all look alike? If you look closely, you may see that they can have red eyes or white eyes.
Like all living organisms, fruit flies grow and reproduce. In Lesson 3.01, you learned mitosis is the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells, each of which has the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. In Lesson 3.02, you were introduced to meiosis, the process by which organisms produce gametes. In this investigation, you will simulate mitosis and meiosis in fruit flies. Be sure you have fully investigated lessons 3.01 and 3.02 before beginning this assignment.
Materials:
16 pipe cleaners of 2 different colors and 4 matching lengths
String
O-shaped cereal
Marker
Procedure:
Part 1: Modeling Mitosis:
Copy the mitosis chart and add your name to the presentation. The circles you see represent a fruit fly body cell in different stages of the cell cycle.
Take out your pipe cleaners (to represent chromosomes). One color will represent the chromosomes inherited from the mother and one color represents the chromosomes inherited from the father. Use the same length of pipe cleaner for homologous pairs. You should have two sets of four different lengths of pipe cleaners.
Begin by assembling a diploid set of chromosomes for a fruit fly as they exist during most of interphase. A diploid set contains pairs of homologous chromosomes. Each chromosome at this point will be a single strand. You will have an extra set of each length and color left over. Here is a diploid set: Take note:
What is the diploid number of chromosomes in a fruit fly?
How many homologous pairs of chromosomes does a fruit fly have? (review this video for a review of chromosome numbers)
In late interphase, the amount of DNA doubles. That means each chromosome now doubles. Select a matching pipe cleaner (same length and color) for each chromosome and slide both through a piece of cereal. You now should have a set of eight doubled chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs.
Review the mitosis diagrams page 3 of Lesson 3.01 and move the chromosomes through the rest of the steps on your board.
Take a picture of each stage and place it in the appropriate circle in your diagram. Example:
This is a sample image of the # of chromosomes for a Spider Mite, not a Fruit Fly.
Fill in Tables 1 and 2 with the correct information
Table 1: Cell cycle and mitosis in fruit flies
Step Number of
Cells Number of chromosomes in
each nucleus Number of homologous pairs
in each nucleus
Interphase
Cytokinesis
A diploid set of human chromosomes contains 23 homologous pairs (46 chromosomes)
Table 2: Cell cycle and mitosis in humans
Step Number of
Cells Number of chromosomes in
each nucleus Number of homologous pairs
in each nucleus
Interphase
Cytokinesis
Part 2: Modeling Meiosis:
Meiosis is the process of producing sex cells with a haploid set of chromosomes. Haploid means half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. A haploid cell contains one chromosome from each homologous pair.
Copy the meiosis chart and add your name to the presentation. The circles you see represent a fruit fly body cell in different stages of Meiosis.
Begin by assembling a diploid set of chromosomes for the fruit fly as you did in Part 1. Place the chromosomes, in homologous pairs, in the first nucleus on your chart.
Like mitosis, before meiosis begins, the chromosomes double. Add a similar pipe cleaner to each chromosome and attach it with a piece of cereal as you did in part 1.
Unlike mitosis, which only has one cell division, meiosis has two divisions. Using the meiosis diagram Module 3 as a guide and move your chromosomes through Meiosis I and Meiosis II, taking pictures along the way.
Table 3: Meiosis
Step Number of
Cells Number of
chromosomes in
each cell Number of
homologous
pairs in each cell Diploid or
haploid
number?
Start of Meiosis
End of Meiosis I
End of Meiosis II
Conclusion Questions:
Write your answers in complete sentences.
What is the purpose of mitosis? What is the purpose of meiosis?
Why is it important for a cell to duplicate its DNA before it divides in two?
You have 23 pairs of chromosomes in your body cells. Why do your chromosomes occur in pairs? Where does each chromosome in the pair come from?
A dog’s diploid number of chromosomes is 78. How would the number of chromosomes in the dog’s body cells compare to the number of chromosomes in its gametes?
What happens to the homologous pairs of chromosomes in meiosis I?
What are the two main events that occur in meiosis (not included in this simulation) that leads to genetic variation in the gametes?
Why do siblings not look identical even though they are from the same mother and father?
Individual fruit flies (Drosophila) typically have orange-red eyes. However, some mutant versions have white eyes and lack the red pigment. The fruit fly's reaction to light is altered by these eye color changes.
What are the different eyes color in fruit flies?A new study using fruit flies supports one benefit of sex: It favors advantageous mutations. A female who reproduces asexually transmits all of her genes, whereas a sexually active female only transmits half of her genes.
Wildly bred fruit flies occasionally have crimson eyes. A recessive gene causes brown and sepia eyes, which can only appear when two sepia-eyed flies mate.
Therefore, fruit flies with white, vermilion, and cinnabar eyes are mutations that are far less frequent.
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a family in rural africa gets its drinking water from a local stream. the water is not treated or filtered before use. upon testing, several bacterial pathogens are found in the water, including vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera. what type of illness would most likely sicken this family?
The type of illness that would most likely sicken this family is cholera.
What are pathogens?
An organism that causes or has the potential to cause disease is typically referred to as a pathogen. Pathogens include viruses, bacteria, unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes, as well as other taxonomically diverse organisms. Pathogens, such as bacteria that are targeted by specialist viruses known as phages, impact every living thing.
When Vibrio cholerae bacteria are present in food or water, it can result in cholera, an acute diarrheal infection. Extremely contagious cholera can result in severe acute watery diarrhea. After consuming infected food or water, a person may not exhibit symptoms for 12 hours to 5 days. If left untreated, cholera can kill both adults and children within hours.
Transmission of cholera is strongly correlated with a lack of access to sanitary facilities and clean water. Peri-urban slums and camps for internally displaced people or refugees are examples of typical at-risk places where the minimum standards for clean water and sanitation are not being maintained.
In the event that the bacteria are present or introduced, the effects of a humanitarian crisis, such as the interruption of water and sanitation systems or the relocation of populations into insufficient and crowded camps, might raise the risk of cholera transmission. There have never been any reports of epidemics being started by uncontaminated dead remains.
The long-term solution for cholera control lies in economic development and universal access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation. Actions targeting environmental conditions include the implementation of adapted long-term sustainable WASH solutions to ensure use of safe water, basic sanitation and good hygiene practices in cholera hotspots. In addition to cholera, such interventions prevent a wide range of other water-borne illnesses, as well as contributing to achieving goals related to poverty, malnutrition, and education
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read the abstract for the article on coral trees in italy (number 2 listed in the above examples). what is the purpose of their work?
The purpose of the tentacles of coral polyps is for defense, food capture, and clearing. This is the main purpose of this particular activity.
What are the composition of coral reefs and their process of reproduction?Coral reefs are made up of genetically identical coral polyps. new polyps develop as offshoots from the parental polyp. Coral reefs are made up of genetically identical coral polyps. new polyps develop as offshoots from the parental polyp.
The type of reproduction do coral polyps use to multiply themselves are budding as the outgrowth and eventual splitting off of a new individual from a parent and fission is the separation of a parent into two or more offspring of about equal size and the another process is fragmentation which is the breaking of the parent body into several pieces follow by regeneration.
Therefore, The purpose of the tentacles of coral polyps is for defense, food capture, and clearing. This is the main purpose of this particular activity.
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If a cat normally has 38 chromosomes in its somatic (body) cells, how many chromosomes will be in its gametes? A. 19 B. 76 C. 38 D. None of these
The number of chromosomes in the gametes of the vat that normally has 38 chromosomes in its somatic cells is 19 chromosomes (option A).
What is meiosis?Meiosis is the cell division of a diploid cell into four haploid cells, which develop to produce gametes. The gametes possess half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
The somatic cells or body cells have a diploid number of chromosomes, however, when they undergo meiosis, they become haploid (one set of chromosomes).
For example, if a cat has 38 chromosomes in its somatic diploid (2n) cell, the number of chromosomes that will be present in the gametes produced as a result of meiosis will be 38/2 = 19 chromosomes.
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what is the function of a ribosome? a. it transports messenger rna from the nucleus to the cytoplasm b. it is the factory where messenger rna is translated into protein c. it maintains the energy for protein assembly
The function of a ribosome is that it is the factory where messenger RNA is translated into protein. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.
What do you mean by Ribosomes?Ribosomes may be defined as the type of cell organelles that are spherical and glandular in shape. They occur freely in the matrix or remain attached to the ER. The major components of ribosomes are RNA and Protein. They play an important role in Protein synthesis.
According to the context of this question, ribosomes are actively involved in the translation of genetic code into a specified string of amino acids that are responsible for synthesizing specific proteins.
Therefore, the function of a ribosome is that it is the factory where messenger RNA is translated into protein. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.
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A team of scientists conducted a study to examine how different temperatures affect the reaction rate of cellulase. To determine reaction rate, they measured the amount of methane released by cellulase-producing bacteria in the presence of cellulose. The following graph shows the data the scientists collected during their study
Answer:
The highest reaction rate of cellulose enzyme is at temperature 60 degrees Celcius.
Explanation:
There are some factors that influence the enzyme activity.
1. Temperature
2. pH
3. substrate concentration
4. enzyme concentration
In the beginning, the enzyme (cellulose) is in inactive condition. It can be seen from the low amount of gas produced.
As the temperature increase, the enzyme start reacting by binding more substrate (cellulose) and releasing more product (methane). In human cell, mostly enzyme can work best at optimum temperature around 40 degrees Celcius, while in bacteria may exceed this. Based on the graph shown, the enzyme perform very well at 60 degrees Celcius since the gas produced reach the highest amount, is 5 ml.
As temperature level higher than its optimum, the reaction rate decrease since the enzyme which is made of protein start denaturating. In this condition, enzyme unable to react with the substrate as well as produce a product anymore.
In conclusion, the highest reaction rate of cellulose enzyme is at temperature 60 degrees Celcius.
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What could happen to homeostasis if the nervous system and the endocrine system stop communicating?.
The nervous and endocrine systems are closely related and both are closely involved in conditions of homeostasis. Endocrine dysfunction can lead to a variety of neurological symptoms such as acute encephalopathy including headache, myopathy and coma.
What is homeostasis?In biology, homeostasis is the state of stable internal physical and chemical conditions maintained by a biological system. This is the condition for an organism to function optimally, and many variables such as body temperature and fluid balance must be kept within preset limits.Homeostasis, as currently defined, is a self-regulatory process by which biological systems maintain stability while adapting to changing external conditions.Plasma ionized calcium homeostasis. Arterial blood pressure homeostasis. Core body temperature homeostasis. Homeostasis of body water content.Homeostasis maintains optimal conditions for enzyme action and all cellular functions throughout the body. Maintaining a constant internal environment even when internal and external conditions change.In the human body, this includes controlling: blood sugar concentration.To learn more about homeostasis from the given link :
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Which human body systems interact to provide
movement with the human body in response to
stimulus?
Answer:
The Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems.
Explanation:
i just want to help
the recombination rate between three genes are as follows: a and b: 18% a and c: 37% b and c: 19% what is the order of the genes on the chromosome?
According to the given question, the order of the genes on the chromosome is a, b, and c.
The number of genes contained in one chromosome (except the Y chromosome) can reach hundreds to thousands of genes. Genes that are located close to each other and are located on one chromosome are often linked to one another. These genes are also known as linked genes. Linked genes tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses.
The process of crossing over produces parental and recombinant combinations. Parental combinations are hereditary traits obtained from parental traits, while recombinant traits are new traits that appear and did not exist before.
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for microbial biodiversity studies, it is common to identify the rather than the as a measure of biodiversity.
For microbial biodiversity studies, it is common to identify the genes rather than the organisms as a measure of biodiversity.
Biodiversity is the presence of different types of species in any region. Greater is the number of species of plants and animals in a certain area, more rich is the biodiversity of that region considered. These species are necessary to maintain the balance of ecosystem in the earth.
Genes are the basic factor of inheritance. These are transferred from the parent to their offspring. The genes carry the information for particular trait or character in them. These trait are responsible for the physical appearance as well as anatomy of a child.
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how does an acquired mutation in a somatic cell gene leading to cancer development affect a person's ability to pass on a predisposition for that cancer type to his or her children?
There is no risk of passing on a cancer predisposition from a somatic cell mutation.
There are category of gene mutation, Hereditary mutations: that are inherited from a determine and are gift for the duration of a person’s life, and it is nearly in each cell at the same time as the second is, somatic or received mutation: this kind happens a few instances and are found in a selected cells.
Hence, somatic mutation can't be exceeded to the subsequent generation.
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Please answer 9,10
…………………..
Hemochromatosis, Tay-Sachs, sickle cell Anaemia, and cystic fibrosis are a few of the most prevalent single-gene diseases.
Explain about the genetic disorder?
One gene mutation, numerous gene mutations (multifactorial inheritance disorder), a combination of gene mutations and environmental variables, or damage to chromosomes (changes in chromosome number or structure) can all result in genetic illnesses.
A sickness or condition that affects fewer than 200,000 persons in the United States is frequently referred to as a rare genetic disorder. More than 7,000 different diseases have so far been found, therefore they are not as uncommon as most people believe. 300 million people, or 4% of the world's population, suffer from a rare disease.
Gene changes that are essentially present in every cell in the body cause many genetic disorders. These disorders consequently frequently impact multiple bodily systems, and the majority cannot be treated.
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The immune system requires several nutrients for optimal functioning. Which nutrient has the key role of maintaining healthy skin, lung, and other epithelial and mucosal tissues?.
The nutrient that has the key role of maintaining healthy skin, lung, and other epithelial and mucosal tissues are micronutrients.
What are micronutrients?Micronutrients are elements that the body needs that it cannot synthesize, which is why it is obtained through food. Micronutrients will not provide energy to the body like macronutrients, but they will be necessary for different physiological processes.
Among the micronutrients that are best known are vitamins such as vitamins A, C, minerals, trace elements, prebiotics, etc. These help us keep our body tissues healthy and maintain a strong immune system.
Therefore, we can confirm that the nutrient that has the key role of maintaining healthy skin, lung, and other epithelial and mucosal tissues are micronutrients.
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When does a background extinction occur?
A. A volcanic eruption occurs on an island.
B. A species of birds fails to adapt to a drought
need it as soon as possible
Answer:
1 a
2 c
3 a
4 c
5 d
6 c
7 d
8 c
9 d
10 b
11 d
12 b
13 a
What part of the female reproductive system has to dilate to 10cm accommodate a baby’s head during labor and delivery?.
Cervix has to dilate to 10cm accommodate a baby’s head during labor and delivery.
What is cervix dilation?
Cervical dilatation, which occurs during childbirth, causes the cervix, the bottom part of the uterus, to open. The process of the cervix opening (dilating) is one way medical personnel monitor how far along a woman's labor is.The cervix widens during labor to allow the baby's head to enter the vagina, which is typically about 10 centimeters (cm) dilated for term newborns.You are in active labor and moving closer to giving birth to your child if your cervix is dilated and you are experiencing regular, painful contractions.Labor is typically divided into three phases by medical guides:
First stage: vigorous, early, and transitional work. The cervix widens, contractions start, and the baby descends into the pelvis. When the cervix has dilated to 10 centimeters, stage one is finished (cm).Stage two: The body starts to push the baby out. Women frequently have a strong urge to push during this point. The baby's arrival brings an end to this phase.Stage three: The placenta is pushed out by contractions. Within a few minutes of the baby's birth, this stage concludes with the placenta being delivered.Hence cervix dilates about 10 cm during baby delivery.
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which classification group is the largest? (meaning they are the most inclusive, or has the most number of different organisms
Answer:
The largest classification group is the domain.
If a female fruit fly is heterozygous and carries one allele for white eyes and one allele for red eyes, her mutant allele and her nonmutant allele will segregate during meiosis i.
It is true that if a female fruit fly is heterozygous and carries one allele for white eyes and one allele for red eyes, her mutant allele and her nonmutant allele will segregate during meiosis.
Genotype of female fruit fly is females are XX, and adult males are XY. Sex-connected developments are most effective observed at the X chromosome, consequently the letters are located as superscripts (above) the X chromosome. Therefore the genotype for the girl fly is XrXr and the male is XRY.
Physical exchange between homologous chromosomes (crossover) occurs during the four-strand stage of meiosis.
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Color is not a good indicator to identify a
mineral because
a) Different minerals can be the same color
b) All of the above
c) Color can change due to exposure to air or
water
d) Some minerals can come in many colors
10 things about genetically different amongst humans that is most likely due to crossing over?
Each chromosome is a distinct pattern of DNA that represents portions of the genome that have been passed down from generation to generation
What is the genetic result of crossing over?The exchange of genetic material across homologous chromosomes is known as crossing-over. It results in new gene combinations on each chromosome. During meiosis, when cells divide, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells, while distinct chromosomes segregate independently of one another.The closer two genes were on a chromosome, the more likely they were to be inherited together. Genes placed farther apart on the same chromosome, on the other hand, were more likely to be separated during recombination.Each chromosome is a distinct pattern of DNA that represents portions of the genome that have been passed down from generation to generation, occasionally being scrambled between chromosomal pairs.To learn more about chromosomes refer,
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terminal branches of an axon are anchored close to the ends of the dendrites of another neuron at regions called
The terminal branch of one axon is anchored near the end of another neuron's dendrite called a region synapses
A synapse is a junction between neurons where information is passed from one neuron to the next. Synapses are most commonly formed between axons and dendrites and consist of presynaptic neurons, synaptic clefts and postsynaptic neurons. Synapses are part of the circuits that connect the sensory organs of the peripheral nervous system to the brain. B. People who perceive pain and touch. Synapses connect neurons in the brain to neurons in the rest of the body, and from those neurons to muscles. Rather, a synapse he is a small gap between two cells where messages can be passed back and forth to communicate. A single neuron can contain thousands of synapses. In fact, a type of neuron called a Purkinje cell, found in the brain's cerebellum, can have as many as 100,000 synapses.
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The virus is considered an exception to the
cell theory because the
A. mitochondria of the virus contain genetic
material
B. virus contains genetic material but no organelles
C. chloroplasts of the virus contain genetic material
F. virus contains no genetic material and is multi-
nucleated
The virus is considered an exception to the cell theory because the virus contains genetic material but no organelles. Thus option B is correct.
What are the characteristic features of virus ?
Viruses are the infectious microbes, a connecting link between living and nonliving organism that contain a nucleic acids covered by a protein coat.
Virus can reproduce at a spectacular rate and live in host cells, They are acellular as they have no cytoplasm or cellular organelles.
They do not have their own machinery so for their metabolism depend on their host and replicate by using the metabolic machinery of the host cell.
viruses can not grow and divide and the new viral components are synthesized and assembled into the infected host cell, they have DNA or RNA but not both.
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PLEAZE HURRY
Which phylum of animals included organisms that have soft bodies, possible shell covering, and head with eyes or tentacles?
Select one:
a.
Nemotoda
b.
Porifera
c.
Rotifera
d.
Mollusca
please give correct answer and don't fool around
Answer:
Mollusca
Explanation:
They have soft body. They are fully or partially enclosed in calcium carbonate shell.
Answer:
I hope this helps.
Explanation:
Humans build cities that replace grassy areas with concrete. What processes would that impact in the water cycle and why?.
Structures and sealed surfaces have an influence on the natural water cycle. As a result, stormwater is produced and natural water flows are changed.
Stormwater is rain that has accumulated on sealed surfaces like roadways, walkways, and rooftops. It enters our rivers immediately through the stormwater drainage system.
Urban regions see an upsurge in rainwater entering their rivers when it rains. Flooding into the stormwater drainage system causes water that would typically seep into the ground to be delivered directly to our rivers. Our rivers are impacted by large amounts of stormwater by:
fish and other water species' habitats are being harmeddisrupting aquatic creatures' breeding cyclesbank erosion in streamsincreasing levels of turbidity and pollutionaltering the seasonal flood patternsHere is another question with an answer similar to this about water cycle: https://brainly.com/question/22883431
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Define an atom, and describe how and what subatomic particles compose it. Use your best grammar to write 3–5 sentences on this topic.
Thank you in advance to whom it may concern!
Answer:
Explanation:
Elementary particles, commonly known as subatomic particles. Any of the several discrete, self-contained forms of matter or energy that constitute the fundamental constituents of all matter. Despite being negatively charged and nearly massless particles, subatomic particles have electrons that are typically atom-sized. Additionally, it comprises positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons, the heavier constituents of a small but extremely compact nucleus. The only known subatomic particles, however, are by no means these fundamental atomic building components. For instance, quarks are the subatomic particles that make up protons and neutrons, while electrons are merely one of a class of subatomic particles that also includes muons and neutrinos. By interacting with cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere, scientists have discovered and described more uncommon subatomic particles, such as positrons, the antimatter of electrons. The field of elementary particles has expanded dramatically with the construction of powerful particle accelerators to study the high-energy collisions of matter with electrons, protons and other particles. When high-energy particles collide, the collision energy becomes available for the creation of subatomic particles such as mesons and hyperons. Ultimately, the revolution that began in the early 20th century with the theory of matter-energy equivalence, completed by the discovery of the effect of force on the exchange of 'force' particles such as photons and gluons, transformed the study of elementary particles. did. I was. Over 200 subatomic particles have been discovered as a result of the reaction or collision of cosmic rays produced in particle accelerator experiments. Most of them are highly unstable and live for less than a millionth of a second. Theoretical and experimental studies of particle physics, the study of elementary particles and their properties, have allowed scientists to understand more clearly the nature of matter and energy, and the origin of the universe. The Standard Model is a theoretical foundation that takes into account particle physics as it is now understood. For all identified subatomic particles, the Standard Model provides a classification scheme based on theoretical descriptions of the basic forces of matter.
Answer:
An atom is a particle of Matter that defines a chemical element. While they compose of three different subatomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus while the electrons are located around the atom.
Explanation:
1. Compare and Contrast Compare the direct
and indirect methods that geologists use to
understand the structure and composition of
Earth's interior using examples.
Answer:
Earth's Interior? ▫ By studying ... Direct observation (rocks originating ... By studying earthquake waves ... Many are probably pieces of proto-planets similar in composition to Earth.
Explanation:
What is the difference between an introduced and an invasive species?
An introduced species is not necessarily harmful to the environment. an invasive species has a negative effect.
An introduced species is an alien species that has been integrated into the native environment in some way by humans or other means. The main difference from introduced species is that they integrate into their native environment without adversely affecting the surrounding ecosystem.
An alien species is an organism that is not native to the place or region where it is believed to have been introduced, but that has been accidentally or intentionally bringing to a new location by human activity. Invasive species are animals or plants from another part of the world that do not belong to the new environment.
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4. Explain how ATP generation is linked to the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis:
Answer:
the atp is linked by blood cells
