Photosynthesis is a means of converting light energy to chemical energy. Explain what this statement means.
Answers
Answer:
photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain
other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy .
During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured
and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into
oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
also
During the process of photosynthesis, light penetrates the
cell and passes into the chloroplast. The light energy is
intercepted by chlorophyll molecules on the granal stacks.
Some of the light energy is converted to chemical energy.
During this process, a phosphate is added to a molecule to
cause the formation of ATP(Adenosine triphosphate)
Let's take a short look at photosynthesis before moving on to this topic.
It is an exergonic, light-dependent, biological, oxidoreductive, energy-yielding process. Where sugars or (CH2O)n are produced energetically by reducing CO2.
Although Co2 is essentially prevalent in nature, it does not break down into sugars since the reaction is thermodynamically possible.
Right after sunlight strikes the surface of the leaf, there are these little components known as reaction centers or energy harvesting cores, which are surrounded by antenna complexes. These antenna complexes are normally composed of chl a, chl b, xanthophyll, carotenoid, etc.
Here, the antenna complexes serve as filters, allowing just the necessary amount of flux to depart the outershelled electron of the chlorophyll molecule via energy activation states (of different kinds).
As the pigment system activates the chlorophyll molecule, the energy from the light is now transferred to chemo potential energy, which is subsequently employed in the process to oxidize the water molecule by the Kok clock mechanism.
Now this is an rather interesting cycle having multiple energy states, from Ground (SO) to maximum (S4) notice that the energy was first required to move on to next step in intermediates but as soon as it reached S4 or max state it oxidized water and this energy is actually enough to reduce Carbon di Oxide to sugar.
(Attachment #1)
If I'm not incorrect, the conversion works like this.
(Attachment #2)
As a result, it needs to be activated gradually in order to build up enough energy to pass the energy barrier.
NOTE:
As you can see, plants don't purposefully create oxygen, but why do they continue to do so? It does this because its primary goal is to turn sugar into oxygen, which it then converts into water that actually vaporizes while keeping the system cool.
Related Questions
true or false? the leukocytes of the innate immune system are b cells, macrophages, and neutrophils.
Answers
The statement that leukocytes of the innate immune system are b cells, macrophages, and neutrophils is TRUE
What are the leukocytes of the innate immune system?The leukocytes of the innate immune system are mainly phagocytes, or phagocytic cells meaning “eating cell”, which describes what role phagocytes play in the immune response.
These phagocytes circulate the body, sort for potential threats such as bacteria and viruses, to engulf and destroy them.
Phagocytic cells of the innate immune system include the mast cells, B- cells, neutrophils and macrophages.
Therefore, the leukocytes of the innate immune system are b cells, macrophages, and neutrophils is TRUE
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What are the oval shaped structures that can be found all over the slide.
Answers
The oval-shaped structures that can be found all over the slide are Nucleus.
What are a nucleus and its function?
The nucleus controls and holds the activities of the cell (e.g., growth and metabolism) and has the genes, and structures that include the hereditary data.
Nucleoli are miniature bodies often seen within the nucleus. The gel-like matrix in which the nuclear features are poised is the nucleoplasm.
Thus, oval-shaped structures that can be found all over the slide are Nucleus.
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With ideal environmental factors, the reproduction rate of bacteria is...
Answers
With ideal environmental factors, bacteria are able to reproduce at a very rapid pace.
Bacterial reproductionBacteria reproduce mainly by a single cell dividing into two, given the right condition. In order words, they reproduce by binary fission.
When environmental conditions are optimum, a typical bacterial cell can divide every 4 to 20 minutes depending on the species.
The time can become longer with sub-optimal environmental conditions.
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Which of the following is not a type of variable in a scientific experiment?
Answers
Observation is the only option that is not a variable in scientific experiment.
What are variables in scientific experiment?
Variables are factors, or condition that can exist in differing amounts during a scientific experiment.
Types of variables in scientific experimentScientific experiment usually has three kinds of variables:
independent, dependent, and controlled.Thus, Observation is the only option that is not a variable in scientific experiment.
The complete question is below:
Which of the following is not a type of variable in a scientific experiment? A. Independent B. Control C. Dependent D. Observation
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Some animals that are scavengers can eat bacteria-laden meat that would harm humans. Which of the following best explains why these bacteria would harm a human, but not a scavenger?
The scavenger's immune system is strong enough to fight off bacterial infections before it produces toxins and damages tissues.
Only human cells have the complementary receptors that bind to surface molecules found on the bacteria.
Antibodies found in the blood of the scavenger destroy the bacteria as soon as they enter the bloodstream.
The pH and temperature environment in the human encourages more bacterial growth and colonization.
Answers
The scavenger's immune system is strong enough to fight off bacterial infections before it produces toxins and damages tissues. Thus, option "A" is correct.
How, explain your answer briefly?Animals that feed on meat might have an immune system adapted to it and strong enough to prevent bacterial infections before it produces toxins and damages tissues.
Some of these animals (beetles) spray the rotting meat with an antimicrobial substance produced by their own organism, before starting to eat.
Other animals, however, consume rotten meat and attack bacteria with stomach acid that is ten times more acidic than our stomach acid, which can eliminate a large part of bacteria, before they cause problems. However, some bacteria can survive and cause serious problems if we eat these animals.
Thus, option "A" is correct.
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Which of these
describes
humoral immunity?
A. the binding of antigen and antibody triggering a
response of plasma and memory b-cells to attack
B. t-cells and macrophages fighting infected cells that
are non-self or cancerous
C. our body remembering pathogens it has fought off or
learning from vaccines
D. obtaining immunity from an outside source, like
mother to baby
FutureForw
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
obtaining immunity from an outside fluid
Complete the concept map to identify the facial and cranial bones and their relationships to the cavities and sinuses of the skull.
Answers
According to the research, the skull is a set of eight cranial bones welded and joined together and fourteen the facial bones.
What are the skull bones?In the skull there are various bones that articulate with each other to result in the structure known as the skull and the bone mass.The facial bones located in the lower and anterior part of the head, with a total of fourteen bone structures that can be found in it.The cranial bones are made up of two parietal bones, two temporal bones, a frontal bone, an occipital bone, a sphenoid bone and an ethmoid bone which, when articulated together, form a narrower anterior pole and a posterior pole.Four main structures arise from the union of the facial bones: the eye socket, the nostrils, the pterygomaxillary fossa and the palatine vault.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the skull is a set of eight cranial bones welded and joined together and fourteen the facial bones.
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Question 3 of 10
What was the purpose of treating the radish seeds for the lab "Radical
Radishes" with radioactive cobalt-60?
A. To cause mutations in the radish embryos
B. To hybridize normal radish DNA with a radioactive DNA probe
C. To kill all the living microorganisms on the seeds
D. To produce labeled probes with radish DNA
SUBMI
Answers
The purpose of treating the radish seeds with radioactive cobalt-60 is to cause mutations in the radish embryos (Option A).
What is chemical mutagenesis?Chemical mutagenesis is a technique used in molecular biology laboratories by inducing mutations in germinal cells.
Chemical mutagenesis is very useful to link an anormal phenotype to a mutated gene, an approach known as reverse genetics.
In conclusion, the purpose of treating the radish seeds with radioactive cobalt-60 is to cause mutations in the radish embryos (Option A).
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Even when asymptomatic, _______ can still be actively multiplying and killing cells in the immune system that help fight pathogens.
Answers
Even when asymptomatic, the virus can still be actively multiplying and killing cells in the immune system that help fight pathogens. This is further explained below.
What is a virus?Generally, the virus is simply defined as a virus consisting of a core of genetic information, either DNA or RNA, wrapped by a capsid, which is a protective covering formed of protein.
In conclusion, It is possible for the virus to be actively reproducing and destroying immune cells even in the absence of any outward symptoms.
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If a gene has 9 codons, how many amino acids long would it be?
Answers
i hope that helps you!!
which of the following is true regarding speciation and mechanisms of evolution?
Answers
Speciation is one of the driving processes of evolution and results in the formation of new species.
What is evolution?Evolution is the process by which new organisms are formed from existing organisms due to changes that result in increasing complexity of the organisms.
Speciation is the process by which new species are formed from existing species.
Therefore, it can be concluded that speciation is one of the driving processes of evolution.
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EASYYYYYYYY
a. Worldwide, what percentage of human water usage does industry account for?
b. What percentage in the US of human water usage does industry account for?
Answers
The percentage of human water usage that the industry account for is 19% while the percentage does industry account for in the US for human water usage is = 5%
What is human water usage?Human water usage is the water used by individuals for direct purposes such as bathing, drinking, and cooking.
The percentage of human water usage that the industry account for is 19% while the percentage does industry account for in the US for human water usage is = 5%
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The function of y is to transport ___ produced by plants during __ to other parts of plants.
Answers
Answer:
dissolved food substances,photosynthesis
Explanation:
Y is the phloem
Transportation occurs from the leaves to other parts of the plant
How does each new cell formed by cell division differ from the mature cell?
OA. Each new cell has a smaller ratio of surface area to volume.
B. Each new cell has a larger ratio of surface area to volume.
O C. Each new cell has different information in its nucleus.
D. Each new cell has fewer chromosomes in its nucleus.
Answers
Internal membrane-bound compartments located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are called.
Answers
Internal membrane-bound compartments located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are called organelles.
What is a membrane-bound compartment within the cell?An organelle is a membrane-bound compartment or structure in a cell that serves a particular function.
In the less-stricter definition, an organelle directs to any cellular structure, whether it is membrane-bound or not, that has a special function.
Thus organelles are the answer.
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PLESE HELP ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!!! A student has an unique genetic disorder where they cannot create enough energy to move around. It turns out she is most likely born without enough of which organelle?
Answers
A forest fire destroys an area. A small population of trees and a large population of birds are both affected. Which
type of limiting factor causes this?
density dependent
density independent
population dependent
population independent
Answers
Answer:
Density Independent
Explanation:
Density independent is the factor that will affect a population no matter its size. Temperature, natural disasters, and oxygen levels all influence this.
The correct term to describe the type of limiting factor that causes the destruction of both the small population of trees and the large population of birds in this scenario is "density-independent." Density-independent factors are environmental factors or events that affect populations regardless of their size or density.
What is density-independent?Density-independent factors are environmental factors or events that affect populations regardless of their size or density. These factors exert their influence on population dynamics independently of population density. Density-independent factors include natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and forest fires, as well as extreme weather events, habitat destruction, pollution, and certain diseases.
In this case, the forest fire is an example of a density-independent factor because it can impact both the tree population and bird population regardless of their respective sizes or densities.
Therefore, the correct answer is "density-independent."
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what is the likelihood of a cell firing determined by ?
Answers
The likelihood of a cell firing is typically determined by adding both the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input.
What is a cell?A cell can be defined as the fundamental functional, structural and smallest unit of life, which is found within the body of an organism.
Generally, the likelihood of a cell firing is typically determined by adding both the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input. Thus, the net sum of the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic input would determine whether or not a cell fires.
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Diffusion does not require any energy.
How does diffusion work?
A. Particles move from areas of higher concentration to
areas of lower concentration.
B. Molecules are moving AGAINST a concentration
gradient.
C. Heat is released making molecules move more quickly.
D. Cells only use energy to move substances across the
membrane.
Answers
A - Read below
Diffusion is simply particles spreading around. Think of it like spraying perfume in a room. Where the person sprayed the perfume would be a high concentration as there is a lot of that perfume there. However, on the other side of the room there would be little to no perfume. So the perfume spreads around until it is evenly distributed in the room.
2. Explain why low carbohydrate diets cause a los of fat. You must describe how aerobic cellular
respiration works in your body when you answer this question.
Answers
Low carbohydrate diets cause a loss of fat because it leads to the process called ketosis associated with burning stored fats for energy.
What is cellular respiration?Cellular respiration is the main process by which cells obtain energy by synthesizing ATP, which is mainly achieved by burning glucose (carbohydrate) molecules.
Low carbohydrate diets lead the body to a process known as ketosis where fats are converted into ketones that act as good respiratory fuels.
In conclusion, low carbohydrate diets cause a loss of fat because it leads to the process called ketosis associated with burning stored fats for energy.
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In order to determine the shape of human muscle cells, a scientist should:
A. observe a sample of the cells with an electron microscope
B. prepare a medium for making a culture of the cells
C. observe a sample of the cells with a light microscope
D. prepare a model of that type cell
Answers
observe a sample of the cells with a light microscope
Explanation:
.
Consider the following prediction. Prediction: If tomato plants are harmed by NoGro herbicide, then an increase in the concentration of NoGro herbicide in the supplied water will result in a decrease in the average height of the tomato plants over a one-year period. Which of the following best describes this prediction?
OA. The prediction is not useful because it has not yet been peer- reviewed by other scientists.
OB. The prediction is useful because it summarizes what is already known about a particular research question.
OC. The prediction is not useful because it fails to mention the name of the scientist doing the experiment.
OD. The prediction is useful because it explains what observations will be made if a hypothesis is true
Answers
The statement that describes this prediction is as follows:
The prediction is useful because it explains what observations will be made if a hypothesis is true.Thus, the correct option is D.
What is Herbicide?Herbicide may be defined as a chemical agent that is responsible for destroying or inhibiting the growth of a particular plant as compared to the normal one.
The projection is necessary because it supports the product after a one-year duration. So for example, if after one year there is undoubtedly a reduction in the intermediate height of the tomato plants, then we can absolutely say that it is because of the existence of NoGro herbicide which is supplied in water.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts
have their own DNA but no
organelles.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are MOST SIMILAR to which type of cell?
A. root cells
b amoeboid cells
C. prokaryotic cells
Answers
Answer:
C. prokaryotic cells
Definitions
The Mitochondrion is an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production.
Chloroplast is usually defined as a plastic containing chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll is the green coloring matter of leaves and plants, essential to the production in a bluish-black form, C55H72MgN405 (chlorophyll a), and a dark-green form, C55H70MgN4O6 (chlorophyll b).
A root cell is one of the maestro cells in the human organic structure that has possible ability of turning into any of the more than the organic structure's 200 cell types.
Prokaryotes is any cellular organism that has no nuclear membrane, no organelles in the cytoplasm except ribosomes, and has its genetic material in the form of single continuous strands forming coils or loops, characteristic of all organisms in the kingdom Monera, as the bacteria and blue-green algae.
What are the similarities and differences between prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts?Both mitochondria and heterotrophic prokaryotes, as well as chloroplasts and autotrophic prokaryotes, have a genetic structure (DNA with a circular double helix shape and the genes themselves), as well as comparable ribosome types. In reality, the endosymbiotic idea is based on these parallels.
The following models show one large cell (A) and four small cells (B). 0 C A B Which of the following states why one of the models is better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell? © A. B is better because it has more surface area. © B. A is better because it has more surface area. O C. A is better because it has less volume O D. B is better because it has less volume
Answers
B is one of the models that are better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell because B has smaller cells but more surface area than A. Thus, the correct option is A.
How do nutrients move in and out of the cell?Nutrients are entranced throughout cells, tissues, and even your whole body through the blood via capillaries. Tiny blood vessels that unite arteries to the veins also facilitate the transportation of nutrients in and out of the cell.
The surface area of the cell plays an essential function in demarcating its effectiveness in fascinating the nutrients through indirect approaches like diffusion as it assists in transporting the nutrients without utilizing energy.
Therefore, B is one of the models that are better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell because B has smaller cells but more surface area than A.
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Which of the following are complementary pairs in DNA:
True
False
Answers
Answer:
B) C - G
Explanation:
There are only 2 complementary bases in DNA which are:
A - TC - GAlpa wants to change 0.54 kilometers into a smaller metric unit. She will have to
Answers
The correct answer is that she has to multiple
Multiple
Explanation:
Hope its help
Hope its help
Rachel Carson warned of the danger of increased use of pesticides.
true false
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Carson's 1962 bestseller first warned the public about the devastating effects of chemical pesticides—and started a revolution. Carson's 1962 bestseller first warned the public about the devastating effects of chemical pesticides—and started a revolution.
Answer: true
Explanation:
Think about challenges related to marine science which are currently facing society. In coastal and inland communities alike, there might be challenges such as pollution, invasive species, or waste management. Communities also face public health issues, such as outbreaks of diseases, and ethical concerns surrounding science and technology. Communities turn to fellow citizens, scientists, engineers, and other professionals to solve these problems. Many times these problems are not clearly defined or easy to solve. They involve many variables and points of view. Your task is to analyze a global challenge related to marine science, and to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.
Answers
Global challenges related to marine science are as follows:
1. Ocean acidification is a major issue that affects all of the world's ocean industries and has severe negative effects on the environment, society, and the economy. Coordinated government action is required to effectively address this issue.
What is impact of ocean acidification?Ocean acidification will affect the biological, biogeochemical, and ecological aspects of the oceans, and while the effects on the environment, the socio-ecological system, and human dimensions are all still not fully understood, they have the potential to have very dramatic effects. Numerous marine ecosystem services and goods may be impacted directly or indirectly. Industries that rely on these services from the Ocean are impacted.
2. Overfishing:
Overfishing poses a severe threat to the fish in our water, whether it's for the food industry or the aquarium sector. The Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that more than half of the species of marine fish have been totally or overexploited, despite the fact that many of them simply need to remain in the sea because they are not necessary for food security or because they cannot survive in captivity. We are killing entire ecosystems and the food chains that are necessary to keep them healthy by overfishing. Overfishing not only causes the extinction of entire species, but it also directly affects other species in the food chain.
3. Plastic
Between 1.15 and 2.41 million tons of plastic enter the ocean every single year. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, which is a collection of rubbish in the Pacific Ocean is now three times the size of France. Animals can get tangled in the huge amount of plastic which litter the ocean, and the plastic smothers and destroys coral and sponges. Plastic bags are also often mistaken for food by sea turtles, and they either become trapped or eat the bag which clogs their digestive system. Plastic continuously breaks down resulting in little pieces of “micro-plastic” that are consumed by a variety of marine life, including several species that humans like to catch and eat.
solutions that account for societal needs and wants:
1. Cutting back on carbon emissions.
2. Reducing plastic usage.
3. Making sure the fish you consume is supplied sustainably and ethically.
4. Participating in beach cleanups.
5. Only purchase aquarium fish that were raised in captivity.
6. Supporting elected officials that favor a wholesome atmosphere
7. Contributing to environmental organizations that protect our oceans.
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10 The table shows the scientific names and the common names of four plants.
scientific name
Althea officinalis
Hottonea palustris
Viola palustris
Viola tricolor
common name
marshmallow
water violet
marsh violet
wild pansy
Which word in their names shows that two of the plants share the greatest number of features?
A marsh
B palustris
C Viola
D violet
Answers
Answer:
A marsh the answer is A
Explanation:
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The word in their names shows that two of the plants share the greatest number of features is marsh. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is marsh ?A marsh is a type of wetland where herbaceous plant species, not woody ones, predominate. The transition between the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems is commonly formed by marshes, which are frequently found along the borders of lakes and streams. Grass, rush, or reeds frequently rule over them.
Cattails, sedges, papyrus, and sawgrass are typical examples. Most aquatic creatures, including fish and salamanders, can survive in water with little oxygen.
In a marsh, herbaceous plants make up more than half of the vegetation, and the pH of the soil is neutral. There are fewer than 30% woody plants in the area. Throughout the growth season, a marsh has standing water for extended periods of time.
Thus, option A is correct.
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How does the nebular hypothesis account for the formation of planets?
Answers
Answer:Our solar system formed at the same time as our Sun as described in the nebular hypothesis. The nebular hypothesis is the idea that a spinning cloud of dust made of mostly light elements, called a nebula, flattened into a protoplanetary disk, and became a solar system consisting of a star with orbiting planets
Explanation:
