1. Chad is a country in north central Africa that is home to a wide range of ethnolinguistic groups. The country is primarily composed of more than 200 ethnic groups, with the Sara people being the largest group. The Sara people speak the Sara-Bagirmi language, which is one of the country's national languages. Other major ethnic groups include the Arabs, the Fulani, and the Toubou.
The linguistic diversity in many of the countries on the map can be a result of the fact that those countries were created through the colonial process. The colonial powers often drew borders that did not take into account the ethnic and linguistic makeup of the area, resulting in countries that contain multiple different ethnic and linguistic groups.
How does a state differ from a nation?A state is a political entity with a defined territory and a government that has the power to make and enforce laws within that territory. A nation, on the other hand, is a group of people who share a common culture, history, and identity. It is possible for one state to contain multiple nations, and for one nation to be spread across multiple states.
Therefore the correct answers are as given above
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Who was the monarch in the 18th century?
George III was the ruler in the 18th century.
Who was George III?In the 18th century, George III ruled as a monarch.
The eldest son of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, George III was born on June 4, 1738, in London.
After the death of his father in 1751, he succeeded his grandpa, George II, as king in 1760.
Prior to ascending to the throne of Hanover on October 12, 1814, he served as both the Duke and Prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg ("Hanover") in the Holy Roman Empire.
Although he was a member of the House of Hanover, he was born in Great Britain, had English as his mother tongue, and never went to Hanover, unlike his two forebears.
Therefore, George III was the ruler in the 18th century.
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True or False: Egyptians believed in one god called the sun god.
It is a true statement that the Egyptians believed in one god called the sun god, also known as Amun.
Who is the sun god in Egyptian?Amun is the ancient Egyptian sun and air god. He is one of the most important gods of ancient Egypt, rising to prominence at Thebes at the start of the New Kingdom period (c. 1570-1069 BCE). For centuries, his cult was the most powerful and popular in Egypt.
In his role as Amun-Min, he is usually depicted as a bearded man wearing a headdress with a double plume, or, after the New Kingdom, as a ram-headed man or simply a ram, symbolizing fertility. His name means "the hidden one," "invisible," or "mysterious of form," and he was considered Lord of All, encompassing all aspects of creation, unlike most other Egyptian gods.
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One major idea from the Scientific Revolution that leads to the Age of Exploration is
One major idea from the Scientific Revolution that led to the Age of Exploration is the idea of a heliocentric universe, which is the belief that the sun, rather than the earth, is at the centre of the solar system. This idea was first proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus in the 16th century and later supported by the work of Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler.
The acceptance of this idea significantly impacted the Age of Exploration. Before the Scientific Revolution, the prevailing view of the universe was that the earth was the centre of the universe and all other celestial bodies orbit around it. This view led to the belief that the earth was the centre of the world, and that the known world was limited to Europe, Asia, and Africa.
This realization led to a desire to explore and discover these unknown lands, which led to the Age of Exploration. Navigators and explorers, such as Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, and Vasco da Gama, were driven by the desire to discover new trade routes, added resources, new markets, and new civilizations.
In summary, the idea of a heliocentric universe, proposed by scientists like Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler during the Scientific Revolution, led to the Age of Exploration by challenging the prevailing view that the earth was the centre of the universe and opening the possibility of unknown lands and peoples beyond the known world. This realization fueled the desire to explore and discover these unknown lands, which led to the Age of Exploration
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The success of women in the west and gaining voting rights first and the United States most supports the idea of
Answer:
a spirit of independence in the west.
Explanation:
Women gaining the right to vote represents the spirit of independence as women were becoming more independent.
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What Spanish colony gained its independence after Spain attempted to reassert control following the Napoleonic Wars?
A. Brazil
B. Mexico
C. The Philippines
D. Saint Domingue
Answer:
B. Mexico
Explanation:
Do you think James Watt should be seen as the engineer of the industrial revolution (list 4 reasons why or why not)
1)James Watt should be seen as the engineer of the industrial revolution because he made significant improvements to the steam engine. His design was more efficient and reliable than previous versions, which allowed for the widespread use of steam power in manufacturing and transportation.
2)He made it possible for the steam engine to be used in a variety of industries, such as mining, textiles, and iron production, which helped to drive the industrial revolution forward.
3)He also helped to develop the concept of horsepower, which was a way to measure the power of the steam engine and compare it to other forms of energy. This standardization helped to improve the efficiency of manufacturing and transportation.
4)He also held several patents on his steam engine designs, which allowed him to control and profit from the technology, which helped to spur its growth and development.
On the other hand,
1)There were other engineers and inventors who made significant contributions to the industrial revolution, such as George Stephenson, who developed the steam locomotive, and Richard Arkwright, who developed the spinning jenny.
2)Watt's steam engine was not the only type of machine that contributed to the industrial revolution, there were other machines such as spinning jenny, power loom, and steam hammer.
3)The steam engine was not a new invention, it was already in use for decades before Watt's improvements.
4)The industrial revolution was a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, with many different factors contributing to its development, it's not solely based on the advancements of the steam engine.
Which answer choice best describes the states rights position?
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people," is the declaration made in the Tenth Amendment.
To put it another way, the Constitution does not give the federal government any powers that states do.
What is the name of states' rights?
These resolutions, also known as "state sovereignty resolutions," have no legal effect. Instead, they are meant to be a statement demanding that the federal government stop assuming powers and imposing mandates on the states for reasons that aren't listed in the Constitution.
What distinguishes a national position from a states' rights position?
The states' rights position encourages local and state intervention in addressing social and economic issues. The nationalist viewpoint supports the involvement of the national government in these matters.
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Which of the following most supported the development of the commerce described in the third paragraph?
answer choices
Maize cultivation spread northward from Mexico.
Native Americans constructed extensive road networks.
Native Americans in the Northeast of North America formed extensive empires.
Metal tools became valuable objects in Native American religions
The spread of maize cultivation north from present-day Mexico in preceding centuries supported economic development, settlement, and social diversification.
Maize production moved from modern-day Mexico northward into the modern-day American Southwest and beyond, promoting social variety among societies, sophisticated irrigation, and economic prosperity. In the Great Basin and Great Plains, societies like the Sioux and Apache flourished.
From one hunter-gatherer band to the next, who used the grain in their subsistence economies and eventually turned into farmers themselves, maize was transferred northward from central Mexico to the Southwest.
gave rise to a stable food supply that encouraged population increase and, in turn, the development of more advanced civilizations. Through trade, maize spread throughout North America, promoting greater American Indian settlement.
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one who is separated to the lord by a vow by means of certain signs is called a . nazarene nazarite shenazarite
Nazarite the name of the Israelites who took the vow prescribed in Numbers 6:2-21.The word generally denotes someone who is separate from others and consecrated to God.
Although no Nazarites are mentioned before Samson, it is evident that they existed before the time of Moses.The vow of a Nazarite involved these three things,abstinence from wine and strong drink,refraining from cutting the hair of the head during the entire period of the continuation of the vow,and avoiding contact with the dead. When the period of the continuation of the vow was over,the Nazarite was to appear at the door of the sanctuary with a one-year-old lamb for a burnt offering,a one-year-old ewe for a sin offering, and a ram for a peace offering.After the priest offered these sacrifices,the Nazarite cut off his hair at the gate and threw it into the fire under the peace offering. For some reason, probably in the midst of his work in Corinth, Paul took upon himself the Nazarite vote.This could only end with his going up to Jerusalem to offer his hitherto uncut hair.But it seems that it was permitted for people at a distance to cut the hair,which was to be taken to Jerusalem,where the ceremony was completed.
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This area represents the United States as it was in
1776.
In 1776, the United States was a small, largely agrarian nation, in the midst of the Revolutionary War, with a population of mostly native peoples, African-American slaves, and European immigrants.
The United States in 1776 was a very different place from what it is today. The thirteen colonies had just declared their independence from Britain and were in the throes of a revolution. The fledgling nation was a land of vast forests and rugged terrain, populated by a mix of native peoples, African-American slaves, and immigrants from Europe. The population was small and spread out, with relatively few large cities. Boston, New York, and Philadelphia were the most populous cities, but even these cities were much smaller than their counterparts today.
The American colonies had a largely agrarian economy, with farming and fishing as the main sources of income. The government was still very new, with the Articles of Confederation in place and the Constitution was not yet written. The American Revolution was still raging, with battles taking place in the countryside and on the coasts.
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the compromise of 1850 did which of the following? the compromise of 1850 did which of the following? admitted california to the union under the principles of popular sovereignty. admitted texas to the union as a slave state. enacted a stringent fugitive slave law. prohibited slavery in the district of columbia.
It established a new Texas-New Mexico border, allowed Utah and New Mexico to choose whether to be slave states or free states, admitted California as a free state, and made it simpler for slaveowners to retrieve runways under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
What was the Compromise of 1850 ?The laws also established a boundary between Texas and the United States, abolished the slave trade in Washington, DC, and amended the Fugitive Slave Act. They also called for the admission of California as a "free state," established territorial governments for Utah and New Mexico, and prohibited the sale of slaves in Texas. Slave trade in Washington, D.C. was prohibited as a result of the Compromise of 1850, which also altered the Fugitive Slave Act. In addition, Utah became a territory, and California joined the union as a free state. California was admitted to the union as a "free" state (i.e., one without slavery), but certain recently annexed regions were given the option to select whether or not to practice slavery.To learn more about Compromise of 1850 refer to:
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Learned men of God never disagree about details of a particular Bible Passage.
True
False
The given statement that " Learned men of God never disagree about details of a particular Bible Passage " is B. False.
When are there disagreements over Bible passages ?The Bible is a complex text to understand as it can be prone to be interpreted in different ways. As a result of this, those who study it might end up disagreeing with certain aspects and Passages.
These learned men who debate the Bible and study it, have done so for hundreds of years and it is this reason why there are different denominations and churches in Christianity.
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narrative of the life of frederick douglass in the 1800's, southern christians believed that christianity supported slavery.
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass is an 1845 memoir and treatise on abolition written by African-American orator and former slave Frederick Douglass during his time in Lynn, Massachusetts.
What did Frederick Douglass believe about Christianity?Slavery. Douglass vehemently advocated against slavery in his writings, lectures, and essays prior to the American Civil War. He attempted to prove that it was inhumane, abnormal, ungodly, immoral, and unfair. Fairness and Truth. The idea that telling the truth will ultimately result in justice inspired Douglass to write his autobiography. One of the best methods to fight the injustice of the practice, in Douglass' opinion, is to present slavery as it truly is. One of the most significant and well-respected politicians of the 19th century was Frederick Douglass. Douglass initially joined William Lloyd Garrison's extreme abolitionist movements after fleeing from slavery in 1838.African-American orator and former slave Frederick Douglass wrote his autobiography and abolitionist treatise Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass in 1845 while living in Lynn, Massachusetts. It is typically regarded as the most well-known of several accounts written by former slaves about the same time.To learn more about Frederick Douglass refer to:
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What were the concerns of the framers of the Constitution?
When the 55 delegates gathered in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation, there were several significant issues to discuss, including representation, state vs. federal powers, executive power, slavery, and commerce.
What is a Constitution?The supreme law of the United States of America is found in its Constitution.
In 1789, it replaced the Articles of Confederation, which served as the country's original constitution.
It defines the national context and legislative restraints, originally consisting of seven articles.
The federal government is divided into three branches according to the doctrine of the separation of powers, which is embodied in the constitution's first three articles.
The legislative branch is represented by the bicameral Congress (Article I); the executive branch is made up of the president and other top officials (Article II); and the judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and other federal courts (Article III).
The Constitutional Convention's five issues.
There were many important topics to debate when the 55 delegates met in Philadelphia to amend the Articles of Confederation, including representation, state vs federal powers, executive power, slavery, and commerce.
Therefore, when the 55 delegates gathered in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation, there were several significant issues to discuss, including representation, state vs. federal powers, executive power, slavery, and commerce.
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Question 1 :
In this cartoon,Turkey is depicted as :
A) greedy
B) sick
C) helpful
D) strong
Question 2 :
Turkey is depicted this way because:
A) it’s ruler was dying
B) it was losing territory
C) it was joining an alliance with France and Russia
D) It was gaining territory
Answer 1: A) greedy
In this cartoon, Turkey is depicted as greedy, as the country is shown crying and grasping onto Europe, suggesting that Turkey wants more territory or is trying to take more land from Europe.
Answer 2: D) It was gaining territory
Turkey is depicted this way because it is shown as gaining territory from Europe. This could be a reference to a specific event or situation that the cartoonist is commenting on. It could also be a general commentary on the relationship between Turkey and Europe or the cartoonist's opinion on Turkey's actions or intentions.
It is worth noting that political cartoons are often open to interpretation and can be viewed differently by different people. The cartoonist's intention and the context in which it is viewed will also play a role in how the cartoon is perceived.
what are the projects that former Ferdinand Marcos didn't finish? (For research purposes only)
The Philippine Coconut Authority Building: This building was intended to be the headquarters of the Philippine Coconut Authority, but construction was halted due to budget constraints.
The Philippine National Railways South Long Haul: This railway was intended to connect the northern and southern parts of the Philippines, but construction was halted due to financial difficulties.
Who is Ferdinand Marcos?Generally, Former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos had several high-profile projects that were initiated during his tenure but were not completed. Some of these include:
The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant: This was the Philippines' first nuclear power plant and was intended to provide a significant portion of the country's energy needs. However, construction was halted in the 1980s due to safety concerns and financial difficulties.The Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex: This complex was intended to be a premier center for the arts in the Philippines, but construction was halted due to budget constraints.The Angat Dam Hydroelectric Power Plant: This hydroelectric power plant was intended to provide a significant portion of the Philippines' energy needs, but construction was halted due to financial difficulties.Read more about Ferdinand Marcos
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Which of the following events happened last?
a. the election of Abraham Lincoln
b.the firing on Fort Sumter
c.the founding of the Confederate States of America
d.the secession of the first group of southern state
Answer:
d. the secession of the first group of southern states happened last.
Explanation:
In 1861, several southern states, including South Carolina, seceded from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. This was in response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as president, as well as other political and economic issues.
After the formation of the Confederate States of America, the first military action of the American Civil War was the firing on Fort Sumter in South Carolina on April 12, 1861.
58. as a result of greater religious freedom, the number of religious denominations in the early republic decreased dramatically. decreased somewhat. increased dramatically.
Greater religious freedom led to a sharp rise in the number of religious denominations in the early republic. The correct answer is option(d).
Freedom of religion or scrupulous freedom is a standard that supports the privilege of an individual or society, honestly or privately, to manifest denomination or assumption in education, practice, worship, and rite. A democracy is a country place capacity is owned by the people as a political whole or the deputies that they choose. Republics have presidents the ones are chosen, alternatively kings or queens.
A religious denomination is a subgroup inside a morality that use under a prevalent name, habit, and identity. The term defines miscellaneous Christian denominations (for instance, Eastern Orthodox, Anglicanism, and common people sorts of Protestantism).
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Which of the following choices are NOT 'covenantal stories'?
God promised Abraham the covenant. The covenant promised Abraham and his descendants land and security if they followed God. God then ordered Abraham and his descendants to circumcise (brit milah) as a covenant sign.
What are 'covenantal stories'?Generally, A promise that was made between God and Abraham in the form of a covenant.
In accordance with the covenant, God promised to provide Abraham and his descendants with safety as well as land, but on the condition that they walk in God's ways.
After that, God gave Abraham and his descendants the mandate to carry out the rite of circumcision, also known as the brit milah, as a sign of their commitment to the covenant.
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The complete Question was not found
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1968 accomplish?
A. Banned discrimination in the sale or rental of housing
B. Banned employer discrimination
C. Banned segregation in the military and armed forces
D. Banned discriminatory practices related to voting
Answer:
A. Banned discrimination in the sale or rental of housing
Explanation:
The Civil Rights Act of 1968, also known as the Fair Housing Act, was a federal law that banned discrimination in the sale or rental of housing based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The law also prohibited discrimination in the financing of housing and made it illegal to threaten, intimidate, or interfere with a person's exercise of their fair housing rights.
imagine that you are a journalist reporting on the thornton affair the week after it happened. create a newspaper headline from each of these perspectives: a pro-american newspaper: a pro-mexican newspaper:
Newspaper Headlines are:
Pro-American newspaper: Mexicans attacked us!
Pro-Mexican Newspaper: We saved ourselves from the Americans!
What is Pro-American newspaper?The development of America was greatly influenced by Pro-American newspaper. They continued to fuel uprisings and support the cause, ultimately contributing to the result of being the only mainstream media of their time.Information and general knowledge are available through Pro-American newspaper.Pro-American newspaper provide the latest news about the country's economy as well as sports, games, entertainment, trade and business. Reading Pro-American newspaper is part of modern life and a good habit. Your perspective and knowledge will be enhanced by this practice.As a result, Pro-American newspaper in both the North and South were able to provide the public with vital information on the political issues of the war, the consequences of the war, the deployment of large armies, and casualty reports. Notably, the editorial responsibility of the conflict was the responsibility of the Pro-American newspaper.To learn more about newspaper from the given link:
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The Northern victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg effectively spelled doom for the Confederacy's efforts to win its independence on the battlefield.TrueFalse
It is true that The Northern victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg effectively spelled doom for the Confederacy's efforts to win its independence on the battlefield.
How did the North win Vicksburg?Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and forced Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton's Confederate Army of Mississippi into the defenses encircling the fortified city of Vicksburg, Mississippi. During the American Civil War, the Battle of Vicksburg was a crucial Union victory that split the Confederacy and solidified the reputation of Union General Ulysses S. Grant. In the American Civil War, the Union gained control of the Mississippi River in 1863 after winning the siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi. General Ulysses S. Grant's Union force proceeded south after the Battle of Shiloh in April 1862. In order to give the Union control over the Mississippi River, Grant hoped.To learn more about Vicksburg refer to:
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Question 1 :
This person in this photograph is :
A) Mohandas Gandhi
B) Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
C) Rena Shah Pahlavi
D) Mao Zedong
Question 2 :
In this photograph this person is
A) leading a retreat March
B) spinning cloth
C) engaging in guerrilla tactics
D) wearing Western-style clothing
Question 3 :
This action is
A) an attempt to modernize and Westernize
B) a non-violent act of protest
C) a way to increase religious conflict
D) a strategic move in Civil War
Answer:
1) This person in this photograph is :
A) Mohandas Gandhi
2) In this photograph this person is :
B) spinning cloth
3) This action is :
B) a non-violent act of protest
Explanation:
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an important leader during Indian struggle for independence from the British rule. During, his Non-Cooperation Movement, Gandhiji told the Indian people to boycott foreign goods and burn foreign cloth. Alternatively, they should wear khadi cloth, which is made by spinning cloth in the charkha.
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Drag each feature to the correct category. Identify the content of the primary source. a record showing Declaration of Intention for Albert Einstein the person who authorized this document the name of the person on the declaration form the person’s date of birth
Primary sources are authentic content in any format. Primary sources include documents produced at a certain period of time or event, such as letters, diaries, minutes, photographs, artefacts, interviews, and sound or video recordings.
What is primary source ?A first-person or current account of an event or subject is referred to as a primary source. Because they were made by individuals or objects who were present during the time or event, they are the most direct proof of that time or event. These sources present unique ideas or brand-new facts without being subjected to interpretation.
When documents are published or digitised, for example, primary sources may change from their original format into a later one, but the information is still primary.
Hence option A is correct .
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The Anglo-American tradition of individual rights and limits on government stretches back centuries to medieval England, and is often thought to have originated in the _____.
Question 6 options:
a)
Rights of Man
b)
Magna Carta
c)
Confession of St. Patrick
d)
Constitutions of Clarendon
The Anglo-American tradition of individual rights and limits on government stretches back centuries to medieval England, and is often thought to have originated in the b) Magna Carta
The Anglo-American tradition of individual rights and limits on government stretches back centuries to medieval England and is often thought to have originated in the Magna Carta. The correct option is b.
An important historical document was signed in England in 1215 and is referred to as the Magna Carta or the Great Charter. It was a crucial step in creating the idea of individual rights and putting the monarchy's power under check. Due process of law, immunity from arbitrary detention, and the assurance of certain rights and liberties were all notions introduced by the Magna Carta. The Anglo-American heritage of individual liberties and constrained government is regarded as having its roots in this treaty.
Thus, the ideal selection is option b.
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helpppppppppppppppppppllllp
Answer: Signed in 1933, the Tennessee Valley Authority Act created a public corporation “To improve the navigability and to provide for the flood control of the Tennessee River; to provide for reforestation and the proper use of marginal lands in the Tennessee Valley; to provide for the agricultural and industrial development of said valley...and for other purposes.”
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"Dismal indeed was the picture presented by the war-wracked South when the rattle of musketry faded." Explain.
This quote speaks of the dire conditions in the South after the Civil War. Many lives, property and land were destroyed.
What is Civil War?There was a civil war in America called the Civil War. Confederate and Union forces made up of secession states fought. The main issue that sparked the conflict was whether to allow slavery to spread across our western borders and create more slave republics, or to lead slavery on a path to eventual annihilation. The battle of Gettysburg started from the summit.This memo describes the dire state of the South after the Civil War. Land, homes and lives were extensively destroyed. Civilization also collapsed, losing both its economic and social foundations. Time is not the only thing that has passed.To learn more about Civil War from the given link :
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The information on the map supports the conclusion that African American migration between 1940 and 1970 was mainly from the
a. urban areas to rural areas
b. south to the north
c. Mountain states to the West Coast
d. Sun Belt to the Great Plains
The information on the map lends credence to the assertion that most African Americans moved north between 1940 and 1970.
What was the great migration in African American history?One of the biggest human migrations in American history was the Great Migration. In the period between the 1910s and the 1970s, almost six million Black Americans relocated from the American South to the northern, midwestern, and western states.
In the early stages of the Age of Exploration, Africans arrived in the New World. Early in the 1500s, Africans made their way across the various regions of North, Central, and South America that Spain had claimed, some free and some in slavery, serving as warriors, interpreters, or slaves.
After Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white individual, civil rights activists started the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Therefore, the correct answer is option b. south to the north
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Use the American Model of Democracy organizer to define the American model of democracy, describe its influence,
and explain how it has affected the cause of human rights around the world.
Using your organizer, please respond to the following question:
How has the American model of democracy affected the cause of civil rights around the world? Upload your graphic
organizer along with your response.
The American political system is intricate. This system places a strong emphasis on democracy, in which the people have the last say. In the case of the United States, elected representatives are used to indirectly exercise that power.
How American model of democracy affected the world?Although it has been a significant supporter of democracy, the U.S. did not create it. The development of a democratic government, which later influenced the makeup of the United States, is sometimes credited to the Greeks.
What is a Democracy?Democracy, which can be translated as "power of the people," is a form of government that is based on popular will. The word democracy is derived from the Greek words "demos," which means "people," and "kratos," which means "power."It can be simpler to comprehend the concept of democracy in terms of what it most definitely is not because there are so many distinct kinds of democratic administration in existence today. Therefore, democracy is neither an autocracy, dictatorship, or oligarchy, where one person or a small group of people dominate.Democracy, as it should be understood, should not even be the "rule of the majority" if it means that the interests of minorities are wholly disregarded. At least in theory, a democracy is a system of administration where all of the people, according to their "will".To learn more bout Democracy visit:
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What did President Grant do in an attempt to stop the violence and curb the violence? In the end was it successful? How do you know? What changed in 1872?
Please help me
Answer:
President Grant attempted to stop the violence and curb the violence by using federal troops to enforce the law and protect the rights of newly freed slaves. He also signed the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871, which gave the federal government the power to prosecute and punish those who used violence to deny others their rights. He also signed the Civil Rights Act of 1875, which prohibited discrimination in public places, such as hotels and restaurants, based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Unfortunately, these efforts were not entirely successful in stopping the violence, as the Klan and other white supremacist groups continued to terrorize and intimidate black communities. The Supreme Court in 1883 declared the Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional which further undermined the protection of the rights of the blacks. In 1872, the Republican Party was split by the scandal of the Credit Mobilier of America, which damaged the reputation of the party and weakened the political will to continue the fight against the violence.
