Policy comprises a set of rules that dictate acceptable and unacceptable behavior within an organization. In your opinion, why policies are often the most difficult to implement although they are the least expensive to be developed?
Your answer:
b) What type of policy that suitable to be used to guide the use of Web and e-mail system? Justify your answer.
Your answer:
Consider the development of security program in small size organization.
c)Suggest any TWO (2) possible security positions or titles that can be offer by the organization to security graduate.
Your answer:
d)Suggest any FOUR (4) of security components that suitable to be implemented for security program in small size organization with capacity of staffs is less than 20.
Your answer:
e)There are some evaluation methods that can be used by an organization to assess an efficiency of training program provided to its employees. Explain any THREE (3) of them.
Your answer:
f) List THREE (3) components that can be used for security awareness program.
Your answer:
g)From answer (f), which one that you think is the most cost effective? Justify your answer.
Your answer:
h) Confidentiality and integrity are important concepts when discussing security models.
State ONE (1) model that is developed to address a goal to confidentiality.
Your answer:
i)State TWO (2) models that is developed based on integrity.
Your answer:
j)Brewer-Nash model is developed to prevent a conflict of interest between two parties. In what situation is it suitable to be used? Justify your answer with any TWO (2) relevant examples.
Your answer:

Answers

Answer 1

Policies are challenging to implement but inexpensive to develop. An Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) guides web and email use, while security positions, components, and evaluation methods play vital roles in ensuring organizational security.

a) Policies are often difficult to implement because they require changes in behavior, adherence to rules, and may face resistance from individuals or departments. The cost of implementation mainly involves the effort required to enforce the policies and ensure compliance.

b) A suitable policy to guide the use of web and email systems is an Acceptable Use Policy (AUP). It outlines acceptable behavior, guidelines, and restrictions for using these systems. It helps maintain security, privacy, and productivity by addressing issues such as unauthorized access, data breaches, and misuse of resources.

c) Possible security positions or titles for security graduates in a small-sized organization could include Security Analyst, responsible for monitoring and analyzing security systems, and Security Officer, overseeing physical and information security measures.

d) Four suitable security components for a small-sized organization could be: Firewall to control network traffic, Antivirus software to protect against malware, Access Control System to manage user permissions, and Security Awareness Training to educate employees about security practices.

e) Three evaluation methods for assessing the efficiency of training programs are: Pre and post-training assessments to measure knowledge/skill improvement, Surveys and feedback forms to gather participant feedback, and On-the-job observation to evaluate the application of training in real work scenarios.

f) Three components for a security awareness program could be: Training modules and workshops on security best practices, Regular communication and reminders about security policies, and Simulated phishing exercises to test employees' response to phishing attempts.

g) Regular communication and reminders about security policies are the most cost-effective component as it can be implemented through internal communications, emails, and posters, requiring minimal financial resources while effectively reinforcing security awareness.

h) One model developed to address confidentiality goals is the Bell-LaPadula model. It focuses on preventing unauthorized information flow from higher to lower security levels, ensuring confidentiality is maintained in environments where data access needs to be restricted.

i) Two models developed based on integrity are the Biba model, which focuses on maintaining data integrity by preventing unauthorized modifications, and the Clark-Wilson model, which emphasizes well-formed transactions and separation of duties to ensure integrity and prevent unauthorized changes.

j) The Brewer-Nash model, also known as the CAP theorem, is suitable for situations where there is a trade-off between consistency, availability, and partition tolerance in distributed systems. Examples include cloud-based data storage systems and distributed databases where maintaining all three aspects simultaneously becomes challenging, and trade-offs need to be made based on specific requirements.

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Related Questions

in which culture slurping soups and noodles is permitted, but tea should be sipped silently?

Answers

In many cultures, slurping soups and noodles is considered a sign of enjoyment and appreciation for the food. It is seen as a way of showing that the food is delicious and that the person is savoring every bite.

In some cultures, such as in Japan, slurping is considered a normal and polite way of eating soup. On the other hand, sipping tea silently is often seen as a sign of respect and etiquette. In many cultures, including China, Japan, and Korea, tea is a highly valued beverage and is often served with a formal ceremony. Sipping tea quietly and without making noise is seen as a way of showing respect for the tea and for the person who has prepared it.

Overall, the acceptability of slurping versus sipping tea can vary depending on the culture and the context in which it is being consumed. However, in general, slurping soups and noodles is more accepted and common, while sipping tea silently is seen as more polite and respectful.

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When the Earth cooled down and the crust hardened and oceans reformed, what helped to stabilize the Earth's tilt and regulate the climate?

A. The Stars

B. The magnetic field

C. The Sun

D. The Moon

Answers

Option D is correct. When the Earth cooled down and the crust hardened and oceans reformed, the Moon helped to stabilize the Earth's tilt and regulate the climate.

The Moon helped to stabilize the Earth's tilt and regulate the climate. The Earth's tilt stabilizes due to the gravitational pull of the moon. In addition, the gravitational forces of the moon and sun help regulate the Earth's climate by causing the tides.

The moon's gravity creates a bulge in the oceans that results in tidal forces. As a result, this increases the mixing of surface water and nutrients, which helps to maintain the Earth's climate. The Earth's tilt stabilizes at an angle of 23.5 degrees, which is responsible for seasonal variations.

As a result, if the tilt changes, the Earth's climate would alter dramatically. Because the moon keeps the Earth's tilt stable, it prevents significant shifts in the Earth's climate. Thus, the Moon helped stabilize the Earth's tilt and regulate the climate. Therefore option D is correct.

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What was the result of New York Times v. Sullivan ?

Answers

The ruling in New York Times v. Sullivan established a precedent that helped shape the law regarding defamation, protecting the freedom of the press and promoting the open discussion of public affairs.

New York Times Co. v. Sullivan is a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history, decided in 1964. The result of the case was a significant victory for the freedom of the press and established important protections for journalists and media organizations regarding defamation lawsuits.

In this case, the New York Times published a full-page advertisement in 1960 that criticized certain actions by public officials in Alabama and contained some factual errors. L.B. Sullivan, the Montgomery City Commissioner, filed a defamation lawsuit against the New York Times and several African American ministers who had endorsed the advertisement, seeking damages.

The Supreme Court, in a unanimous decision, held that public officials could not succeed in a defamation lawsuit against a news organization unless they could prove "actual malice." The Court defined "actual malice" as knowledge that the statement was false or with reckless disregard for the truth. This standard provided a higher level of protection for the press against defamation claims brought by public officials.

The Court recognized the importance of robust and uninhibited public debate, stating that criticism of public officials and their actions must be protected to ensure the vitality of the First Amendment. The ruling in New York Times v. Sullivan established a precedent that helped shape the law regarding defamation, protecting the freedom of the press and promoting the open discussion of public affairs.

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Use critical thinking to analyze issues:
- Debating factors related to innovation typologies

Answers

Innovation is a key driver of business success. When it comes to innovation, there are several typologies that can be debated to help gain a better understanding of the factors that affect innovation.

The typologies are incremental innovation, disruptive innovation, and radical innovation.Incremental innovation is the most common type and involves making small improvements to existing products or processes. Disruptive innovation, on the other hand, involves creating something entirely new that disrupts the existing market. This can be challenging because it often involves a significant change in the way things are done and requires a different set of skills and capabilities.Radical innovation is the most complex of the three typologies. It involves creating something entirely new and different that requires a significant investment of time, money, and resources.

Ultimately, the success of any innovation effort will depend on the ability of the organization to create a culture of innovation that is aligned with its strategic goals and objectives.

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. A researcher is studying the effects of the COVID-19 impact on gun sales. Researchers studied gun sales from March 2019 and from March 2020.
Is this an example of descriptive or inferential statistics? Explain

Answers

Studying the effects of COVID-19 impact on gun sales by comparing data from March 2019 and March 2020 is an example of inferential statistics.

Inferential statistics involves making inferences and drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample. In this case, the researcher is examining the impact of COVID-19 on gun sales by comparing data from two specific time periods: March 2019 and March 2020. By analyzing these specific time periods, the researcher aims to draw conclusions about the broader population and understand how the pandemic influenced gun sales.

The researcher is not merely describing the gun sales data from the two time periods; instead, they are using the data to infer or make generalizations about the entire population of gun sales during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inferential statistics allow researchers to make predictions, draw conclusions, and test hypotheses about a larger population based on a sample.

Therefore, the study of the effects of COVID-19 on gun sales through the comparison of data from specific time periods represents an application of inferential statistics.

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In the future, the education and economic gap will narrow, as those at the bottom become less disadvantaged and dissatisfied.False

Answers

In the future, the education and economic gap will narrow, as those at the bottom become less disadvantaged and dissatisfied. The statement is false.

While it is desirable for the education and economic gap to narrow in the future, there is no guarantee that it will automatically happen. The narrowing of these gaps requires deliberate and sustained efforts from governments, institutions, and societies. Without proactive measures to address systemic inequalities and provide equal opportunities, the gaps can persist or even widen.

Factors such as access to quality education, economic policies, social mobility, and inclusion play crucial roles in determining whether the gaps will narrow or not. Simply assuming that dissatisfaction will drive change overlooks the structural barriers and complexities involved. It is essential for societies to actively work towards creating an inclusive and equitable future through comprehensive policies and interventions.

Therefore the statement that in the future, the education and economic gap will narrow, as those at the bottom become less disadvantaged and dissatisfied is false.

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Your question seems incomplete, but i suppose the question was:

"In the future, the education and economic gap will narrow, as those at the bottom become less disadvantaged and dissatisfied. True or false."

We tend to focus more on negative impressions than positive ones.
T/ F

Answers

The statement "We tend to focus more on negative impressions than positive ones" is a true statement. We tend to focus more on negative impressions than positive ones because negative experiences are more powerful than positive ones in shaping our behavior, thoughts, and emotions.

Negative events are more memorable, and we tend to dwell on them more than positive ones. Negative emotions such as fear and anger are more potent than positive emotions such as joy and satisfaction.The negativity bias refers to the fact that humans are more affected by negative stimuli than by positive stimuli.

This means that we are more likely to be influenced by bad news, criticism, or negative feedback than by good news, praise, or positive feedback.To sum up, the statement "We tend to focus more on negative impressions than positive ones" is true.

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your aunt prefers to stay in her home and avoid public places and social situations. she mightr be diagnosed with

Answers

If your aunt prefers to stay in her home and avoid public places and social situations, she might be diagnosed with agoraphobia. Agoraphobia is a mental illness that is usually characterized by a fear of environments, which may include large, open spaces or unfamiliar places, where escape or help is difficult to obtain.

Agoraphobia is a form of anxiety disorder, the causes of which are not yet fully known. It can develop at any age, but it often occurs in adults who are under the age of 35.The condition is believed to be linked to a variety of environmental, psychological, and genetic factors, as well as imbalances in brain chemistry. It's also thought to be linked to other anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Symptoms of Agoraphobia:

An individual with agoraphobia may exhibit any of the following symptoms:

Inability to leave the house without a companion or someone else with them.

A fear of crowds and public places, including shopping centers, movie theaters, and other crowded locations.

Fear of being trapped or locked in a location.

Avoiding social situations or activities that may lead to leaving the house.

Overwhelming panic, feeling out of control, and feeling vulnerable.

Fear of becoming embarrassed, or that others will criticize or judge them.

Individuals with agoraphobia usually avoid certain situations or places since they feel afraid and vulnerable.

The avoidance can aggravate the fear and worsen the problem. In severe cases, people with agoraphobia may become homebound, which may also limit their ability to carry out daily activities.

Treatment for Agoraphobia:

There are several methods to treat agoraphobia, including:

Therapy with a mental health provider or group therapy;

Medications that can include antidepressants, antianxiety medications, or beta-blockers;

Self-help techniques, including learning to control breathing and relaxation techniques. It may also include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which assists in identifying and replacing negative thoughts with more positive thoughts or behaviors.

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Brand loyalty is a favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time.

Answers

"Brand loyalty is a favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time" is a true statement.

Brand loyalty refers to the positive attitude and consistent purchasing behavior exhibited by consumers towards a particular brand over an extended period. It indicates a strong preference for a specific brand and a willingness to repeatedly choose and purchase products or services from that brand rather than switching to competitors.

Brand loyalty is often a result of positive experiences, perceived quality, satisfaction, trust, and emotional connections established with the brand. It can lead to long-term customer relationships, increased customer retention, and advocacy for the brand.

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to do sontething with thoi foctrer employer? औf not, take a fow minutes to lock up the hisionies of various fect canparius. to find at least cre example

Answers

A factor company provides financing solutions to businesses that are unable to obtain financing from other sources.

The statement "to do something with the former employer? not, take a few minutes to lock up the histories of various factors companies" is unclear and does not make sense.

However, to answer the second part of the question "to find at least one example," I will provide an example of a factor company.

A factor company is a financial institution that specializes in providing financing to businesses that are unable to obtain financing from other sources. It is a company that provides cash advances to businesses against their accounts receivable.

This helps businesses maintain their cash flow and meet their financial obligations.

One example of a factor company is Crestmark.

Crestmark provides financing solutions to small and medium-sized businesses in various industries such as manufacturing, distribution, staffing, and more.

They offer services such as accounts receivable financing, factoring, asset-based lending, and more.

In conclusion, a factor company provides financing solutions to businesses that are unable to obtain financing from other sources, and Crestmark is an example of a factor company.

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In the process of starting a car, which step happens first?

Answers

The first step in the process of starting a car is. In the process of starting a car, the first step is typically to insert the car key or push the start button to activate the ignition.

Explanation:

Starting a car involves several steps that must be done correctly in order to start the engine. It is important to understand of operations that must be followed.

These are:  The ignition system, which is responsible for providing the electrical spark needed to ignite the fuel in the engine. The fuel system, which is responsible for providing the fuel that will be burned in the engine. The starting system, which is responsible for turning the engine over until it starts.

Each of these systems must work together correctly in order to start the car. In general, the first step in the process of starting a car is to turn the key in the ignition. This will activate the ignition system and the fuel system. Once the ignition system is activated, it will begin to provide the electrical spark needed to ignite the fuel in the engine. At the same time, the fuel system will begin to provide fuel to the engine.

The starting system will then begin to turn the engine over. This is done by using a starter motor that is connected to the engine. As the starter motor turns, it will turn the engine over until it starts.

In the process of starting a car, the first step is to turn the key in the ignition. This activates the ignition system and fuel system, and the engine is turned over by the starting system. The ignition system provides the electrical spark to ignite the fuel, and the fuel system provides the fuel to the engine.

The starting system turns the engine over until it starts. Once the engine is running, the starter motor disengages, and the car is ready to drive.

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the federal government possesses general police powers related to public health. a)TRUE b)FALSE

Answers

b) FALSE

The statement is false.

In the United States, the federal government does not possess general police powers related to public health.

The Constitution grants certain powers to the federal government while reserving other powers to the states.

The general police powers, including those related to public health, are primarily held by the states.

Under the principle of federalism, the federal government has limited powers enumerated in the Constitution, and public health is primarily within the jurisdiction of state governments.

States have the authority to enact laws, regulations, and policies concerning public health, including measures to protect and promote public health, disease control, vaccination requirements, and quarantine regulations.

While the federal government does have a role in public health, it is mostly through agencies such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which provide guidance, coordination, funding, and support to state and local governments in matters of public health.

However, the federal government's authority in public health is more focused on specific areas where it has been granted power by the Constitution, such as interstate commerce or in times of national emergencies.

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Ruben works over 20 hours a week during the school year and Marianne does not work at all. Ruben, compared to Marianne, is more likely to: A. become more socially responsible. B. know how to manage his money better. C. drop out of school. D. not engage in drug and alcohol use.

Answers

The correct option is B.Ruben, compared to Marianne, is more likely to know how to manage his money better. Ruben works over 20 hours a week during the school year while Marianne does not work at all.

Ruben's being employed at a job over 20 hours a week during the school year means that he has to balance his school work with his job; this requires good time management skills. Ruben is also more likely to be responsible for paying some of his expenses, such as his cellphone bill, which necessitates learning how to budget his funds to ensure that he can meet his monetary obligations every month.

Marianne, on the other hand, is not likely to know how to manage her money because she does not work at all during the school year. Ruben, compared to Marianne, is more likely to know how to manage his money better. Thus, the correct option is B.

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What are the principles of good writing? Give examples of good writing documents.
Which do others say about communication skills? Give examples of student associations (ACM, IEEE, College Board) and famous people quotes.
COSC 4272 Senior Assessment
Please answer correctly

Answers

The principles of good writing can vary depending on the context and purpose of the writing.

However, some general principles that are often considered important for good writing include:

Clarity: Good writing should be clear and easy to understand. It should convey information or ideas in a concise and straightforward manner. Ambiguity and confusion should be minimized.

Example: A user manual that provides clear step-by-step instructions on how to assemble a product, using simple and understandable language.

Coherence: Good writing should be well-organized and structured. The ideas should flow logically and smoothly, making it easy for the reader to follow the writer's thoughts.

Example: An academic essay that presents arguments and evidence in a logical order, with each paragraph building upon the previous one to support the main thesis.

Conciseness: Good writing should be concise and to the point. Unnecessary words or repetition should be avoided, and the writer should strive to convey their message efficiently.

Example: A business report that provides a succinct summary of key findings and recommendations, without excessive elaboration.

Grammar and Mechanics: Good writing should demonstrate a strong command of grammar, punctuation, spelling, and other mechanics of writing. Proper usage of language enhances readability and credibility.

Example: A professional email that is free from grammatical errors and uses punctuation correctly, creating a positive impression on the recipient.

Now, regarding communication skills, here are some opinions others may have:

Effective communication is essential for success in professional and personal relationships.

Quote by Warren Buffett: "The one easy way to become worth 50 percent more than you are now — at least — is to hone your communication skills."

Strong communication skills facilitate collaboration and teamwork.

Example: The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) promotes effective communication among computer science professionals through conferences and publications.

Clear and concise communication helps to avoid misunderstandings and conflicts.

Example: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) emphasizes the importance of clear communication in technical fields to ensure accurate understanding and interpretation of complex information.

Communication skills are highly valued by employers across industries.

Example: The College Board encourages students to develop strong communication skills as they prepare for college and future careers.

It's important to note that the examples provided for student associations and famous people quotes are for illustrative purposes and may not directly represent the views of those organizations or individuals.

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the united states classifies someone as an older person when they reach this age.

Answers

The United States classifies someone as an older person when they reach the age of 65. The explanation behind this classification is that, in most cases, retirement age is 65.

Therefore, people over 65 are typically considered to be in the later stages of their life, and many begin to rely on social security benefits as a source of income. Additionally, many older individuals may require healthcare services more frequently and may experience age-related health concerns, such as arthritis, vision and hearing loss, or chronic illnesses. As a result, older adults may require specialized care and resources to support their well-being and independence. To address these needs, many communities and organizations offer programs and services designed to support the aging population, including health clinics, assisted living facilities, transportation services, and social and recreational activities.

In conclusion, 65 is the age that classifies someone as an older person in the United States, with many services and resources available to support this population.

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The challenge of learning to function in society and beyond the family marks Erikson's childhood stage of
A. initiative versus guilt.
B. trust versus mistrust.
C. autonomy versus shame and doubt.
D. industry versus inferiority.

Answers

The challenge of learning to function in society and beyond the family marks Erikson's childhood stage of Industry versus inferiority and the correct option is D.

Erikson's theory of development has eight distinct stages that cover the entire human life cycle from birth to death.

According to the Eriksonian perspective, each stage has its own unique psychosocial crisis. The crisis is characterized by a conflict between two opposing traits or forces.

The resolution of the conflict in favor of the favorable trait leads to psychological growth and healthy development, while the opposite leads to unhealthy outcomes in terms of maladaptive behaviors and psychological disorders.The following are the stages of Erikson's theory of development.

Trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs role confusion, intimacy vs isolation, generativity vs stagnation, and ego integrity vs despair.

The answer to the question is option D. Industry versus inferiority.

The stage of Industry versus inferiority is Erikson's childhood stage where the child's major goal is to learn to function effectively and develop a sense of competency in social, academic, and athletic activities, as well as the wider society.

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Using the case study below, answer the following questions:
"Obviously, I need to start working on some training programs. Which topics do you think I should start with?"
"How do I go about developing a training program that will be really useful and make people excited? What are the steps I need to take?"
"How should I communicate the training program to the corporate and retail employees? Should the new training I develop be communicated in the same way?"
"Do you think that we should look at changing pay and benefits? Why or why not?"
"Can you please help me draft a training program framework for what we have discussed? Do you think I should design one for both the corporate offices and one for the retail stores?"

Answers

The training program should focus on the following topics: Product knowledge, customer service, and store management. The training programs should be personalized to the unique needs of the employees.

To develop a training program that is useful and exciting, the following steps should be taken: Conduct a training needs analysis, Set training goals and objectives, Create a training curriculum and develop training materials, Determine the training methods to be used, Conduct the training and measure its effectiveness. 3.  Should the new training I develop be communicated in the same way?The training program can be communicated to the employees using the following communication channels: Email, Intranet, Posters, Staff Meetings, and social media. The new training should be communicated differently to the corporate and retail employees as the two groups have different needs and responsibilities.

It is advisable to look at changing the pay and benefits to improve employee retention, productivity, and morale. This will help to attract and retain top talent in the business.

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An applicant completing Form U4 would not be required to list their
A) legal name and any aliases used.
B) residential history for the past 10 years.
C) employment history for the past 10 years.
D) date of birth.

Answers

Correct option is A. An applicant completing Form U4 would be required to list their legal name and any aliases used. However, they would not be required to list their date of birth.

FINRA Form U4 is the Uniform Application for Securities Industry Registration or Transfer. All of the information included in the U4 must be accurate, current, and complete. An individual must file a Form U4 if they are seeking registration or approval with a FINRA-regulated firm.

The Form U4 requires the applicant to provide a great deal of personal and professional information, including:Legal name and any aliases used.Residential history for the past three years.Date and place of birth.Citizenship status.Employment history for the past 10 years.Financial industry-related criminal charges or convictions.Financial judgments or liens.The U4 must be signed by the applicant, the applicant's employer, and a representative of FINRA.

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Over the past 20-30 years, the role of children has changed significantly. Which of the following is NOT one of these changes?

A.) Children watch more television than they used to
B.) Children's opinions are sought by marketers
C.) Children are "seen but not heard"
D.) Children's opinions are sought by parents

Answers

Over the past 20-30 years,  the following is NOT one of the changes in the role of children i.e. option C.) Children are "seen but not heard" is NOT one of these changes.

Over the past 20-30 years, the role of children has changed significantly. The changes in the role of children are as follows: Children watch more television than they used to. Children's opinions are sought by marketers.Children's opinions are sought by parents. Children have a say in most family decisions.

The role of children has changed from that of being seen and not heard to the point where they are now active participants in family life. Nowadays, children's opinions are taken seriously and are considered when making decisions. They are encouraged to express themselves and share their views on a wide range of issues.

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sylvia tells her roommate that negative reinforcement and negative punishment are similar because they

Answers

Sylvia tells her roommate that negative reinforcement and negative punishment are similar because they both involve taking away a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior recurring again.

However, the main difference between the two lies in the type of stimulus that is removed or taken away.

Explanation:

In psychology, reinforcement is a technique of conditioning a behavior by rewarding the individual or subject with a positive stimulus. It involves increasing the likelihood of the behavior occurring again in the future. Positive reinforcement entails giving or adding a positive or desirable stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior recurring again. Negative reinforcement, on the other hand, involves removing an unpleasant or aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior recurring again.

Punishment, on the other hand, is a technique of conditioning a behavior by penalizing the individual or subject with an aversive stimulus. It involves decreasing the likelihood of the behavior occurring again. Positive punishment entails applying or adding an aversive or unpleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior recurring again. Negative punishment involves taking away a desirable or pleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior recurring again.

In conclusion, Sylvia's assertion is partially correct.

While negative reinforcement and negative punishment are similar because they both involve taking away a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior recurring again, their difference lies in the type of stimulus that is removed or taken away.

In negative reinforcement, an aversive or unpleasant stimulus is removed, while in negative punishment, a desirable or pleasant stimulus is removed.

Negative reinforcement and negative punishment are two concepts that are closely related in psychology. Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant or aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior recurring again. Negative punishment, on the other hand, entails taking away a desirable or pleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior recurring again. Sylvia's assertion that the two concepts are similar is true to some extent.

However, their difference lies in the type of stimulus that is removed. While negative reinforcement involves removing an aversive or unpleasant stimulus, negative punishment involves taking away a desirable or pleasant stimulus.

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______ consists of all objects and ideas within a society. select one: a. argot b. culture c. folkways d. inventions

Answers

Culture consists of all objects and ideas within a society. Therefore, the correct option is (b).

Culture encompasses all objects, ideas, beliefs, behaviors, and practices within a society. It includes tangible aspects such as art, architecture, tools, and technology, as well as intangible elements like values, norms, customs, language, and religious beliefs. Culture is a shared system of knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors that is passed down from generation to generation and shapes individuals' identities and their way of life. It provides a framework for social interactions, defines acceptable behavior, and influences people's perceptions, attitudes, and worldview. Culture is dynamic and constantly evolving, shaped by historical, social, economic, and environmental factors. It plays a vital role in shaping individuals and societies, promoting social cohesion, and fostering collective identity.Therefore, the correct option is (b).

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Christians reconciled monotheism and the existence of God the Father and Jesus through the doctrine of:
the Holy Trinity.
Divinity.
Incarnation.
Pentecost

Answers

The Christians reconciled monotheism and the existence of God the Father and Jesus through the doctrine of the Holy Trinity.

Christians reconciled monotheism and the existence of God the Father and Jesus through the doctrine of the Holy Trinity. Christians reconciled monotheism and the existence of God the Father and Jesus through the doctrine of the Holy Trinity, which asserts that God is three consubstantial persons: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. The three are distinct, but they share one divine essence. Therefore, monotheism is maintained by the notion of one divine substance shared by the three distinct persons. Christians reconciled monotheism and the existence of God the Father and Jesus through the doctrine of the Holy Trinity. The doctrine of the Holy Trinity asserts that God is three consubstantial persons: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit.

The three are distinct, but they share one divine essence. Therefore, monotheism is maintained by the notion of one divine substance shared by the three distinct persons.The doctrine of the Holy Trinity was developed as a result of the early church's attempts to reconcile the divinity of Jesus with monotheism. Christians believed that Jesus was the Son of God and therefore divine, but they also maintained that there is only one God. To reconcile these seemingly contradictory beliefs, the doctrine of the Holy Trinity was formulated. This doctrine asserts that God is three persons in one: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The three are distinct, but they share one divine essence.

In conclusion, the doctrine of the Holy Trinity is a central tenet of Christianity, and it is used to reconcile the divinity of Jesus with monotheism. It asserts that God is three persons in one: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The three are distinct, but they share one divine essence. Therefore, Christians believe that there is only one God, and that God is the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.

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The free exercise clause guarantees that the national government will not interfere with which of the following?Religion

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The free exercise clause guarantees that the national government will not interfere with religion as well as individuals' religious beliefs or practices.

This clause, found in the First Amendment of the United States Constitution, ensures that the government cannot impose restrictions or limitations on individuals' religious freedom or discriminate against particular religious groups. It protects individuals' rights to worship, observe religious rituals, and hold religious beliefs of their choosing without government interference.

This means that the government cannot establish an official religion or favor one religion over others. The free exercise clause is crucial in upholding the principles of religious liberty and ensuring that individuals have the freedom to practice their faith or choose not to adhere to any religious beliefs without fear of persecution or government intrusion.

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1. Jesse wants to see a context diagram and a diagram 0 DFD for TIMS. She said to include
notes to identify any assumptions or other issues.
2. Need to review the JAD session summary again! I need to identify the four main TIMS
functions. Jesse wants to see a lower-level DFD for each process.
3. Reply to Jesse's message about CASE tools. Search the Internet to find three more
alternatives.
4. decision table and a decision tree that show the logical rules described in
Jesse's message about fees and discounts. Include an explanation of how you created the
decision table and decision tree.

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1. For TIMS, a context diagram and a level 0 DFD should be created. A context diagram provides a high-level view of the system, including the external entities that interact with it, while a level 0 DFD provides a more detailed view of the processes that make up the system.

Assumptions and other issues should be identified in notes.2. The four main TIMS functions should be identified by reviewing the JAD session summary. A lower-level DFD should be created for each process.3. Three more alternatives for CASE tools can be found by searching the Internet.

4. The logical rules described in Jesse's message about fees and discounts should be displayed in a decision table and decision tree. An explanation of how the decision table and decision tree were created should be included.

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Stall Bounce back Control emotions
Identify some posture and resistance constants of an effective resistance posture. (Select all that apply)

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From the list provided, the posture and resistance constants of an effective resistance posture are  -

2.Bounce back

3.Control emotions

How this so?

1. Bounce back  -  The ability to recover quickly from setbacks and maintain resilience in the face of challenges.

2. Control emotions - Having the capacity to regulate and manage emotions, ensuring they do not negatively impact decision-making or responses.

These two constants, "Bounce back" and "Control emotions," contribute to an effective resistance posture by promoting resilience and rationality in the face of adversity.

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Full Question:

Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:

Identify some posture and resistance constants of an effective resistance posture.

1.Stall

2.Bounce back

3.Control emotions
4. Anger

You have noticed that your next-door neighbor, Arya, always works in the garden, and her husband, Suresh, always walks the dog. You conclude that if Suresh and Arya are efficient, then it must be the case that a. Suresh does not have an absolute advantage in gardening. b. Arya does not have a comparative advantage in walking the dog. c. Suresh's opportunity cost of walking the dog is not lower than Arya's. d. Suresh's opportunity cost for gardening is not constant.

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The correct answer is c. Suresh's opportunity cost of walking the dog is not lower than Arya's.

The scenario described indicates that Arya specializes in gardening while Suresh specializes in walking the dog. To determine the comparative advantage between the two activities, we need to consider the concept of opportunity cost. Opportunity cost refers to the value of the next best alternative that is forgone when making a choice.

In this case, if Suresh and Arya are efficient in their respective tasks, it implies that they have optimized their abilities and time allocation. If Suresh had a lower opportunity cost for walking the dog than Arya, it would make more sense for Suresh to perform gardening (which has a higher opportunity cost for Arya) and for Arya to walk the dog (which has a higher opportunity cost for Suresh). However, the given information suggests that Arya consistently works in the garden while Suresh walks the dog, implying that Suresh's opportunity cost of walking the dog is not lower than Arya's.

Therefore, option c is the correct conclusion, indicating that Suresh's opportunity cost of walking the dog is not lower than Arya's. This means that Suresh values walking the dog more than gardening, while Arya values gardening more than walking the dog, leading to their specialized roles based on their comparative advantages.

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the dividend discount model implies that investors who agree about the firm's blank______ and blank______ will also agree about its blank______.

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The dividend discount model implies that investors who agree about the firm's growth rate and risk will also agree about its fair value or price.

What is the Dividend Discount Model?

The dividend discount model (DDM) is a stock valuation method that calculates a theoretical share price based on the predicted future dividends, adjusted for the time value of money. The model's central assumption is that a company's value is the total sum of all future dividends that it will pay out over time. The model is based on the idea that investors are more interested in a company's capacity to generate profits and pay out dividends than in any other metric. A dividend discount model's mathematical framework is straightforward.

The calculation involves predicting the future dividends that the company will pay out and discounting them back to their present value using an appropriate discount rate. The discount rate is often set equal to the company's cost of capital, which takes into account the risk involved in investing in that company. In a nutshell, the dividend discount model suggests that a company's intrinsic value is the sum of all future dividends it will pay out, and that this value is determined by two factors: the expected growth rate of the company's dividends and the level of risk associated with those dividends.

The dividend discount model implies that investors who agree about the firm's growth rate and risk will also agree about its fair value or price.

The dividend discount model is a stock valuation approach that is used to calculate the value of a stock's future dividend payments. This calculation is based on the assumption that the value of a company is the total sum of all future dividends that it will pay out over time. As such, the dividend discount model is useful for investors who are interested in a company's capacity to generate profits and pay out dividends. The model also suggests that investors who agree about a firm's growth rate and risk will also agree about its fair value or price.

The dividend discount model (DDM) is a stock valuation approach that is based on the assumption that the value of a company is the total sum of all future dividends that it will pay out over time. The model calculates a theoretical share price based on the predicted future dividends, adjusted for the time value of money. The model suggests that a company's intrinsic value is the sum of all future dividends it will pay out, and that this value is determined by two factors: the expected growth rate of the company's dividends and the level of risk associated with those dividends. The model also implies that investors who agree about a firm's growth rate and risk will also agree about its fair value or price.

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yang watched her brother pray before eating and heard their mother praise him for praying. thus, yang has learned to pray before eating a meal. yang’s praying is most likely a result of

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Based on the given information, Yang watched her brother pray before eating and heard their mother praise him for praying. Thus, Yang has learned to pray before eating a meal. Yang’s praying is most likely a result of Observational Learning.

Observational learning is a type of learning that happens as a result of observing and imitating the behavior of others. It's the process of learning new information, behaviours, or skills by observing others without necessarily going through a direct experience. It involves acquiring new knowledge, skills, or behaviors by watching and learning from the actions, attitudes, or outcomes displayed by others.

The learner pays attention to the model and focuses on the behaviour or information being demonstrated. This requires actively observing and processing the relevant cues and details. Here, Yang has learned by watching her brother pray and seeing her mother praise him for it. By observing, Yang has learned the behavior of praying before meals. In this way, Yang is practising observational learning.

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Put the following argument into standardized form (do not supply any missing premises or missing conclusions). (b) Express the logical issue. (c) Identify the question‑begging emotive phrase used in the premise. (d) Explain in complete sentences why that phrase is question‑begging.
"Communism is an unjust political system because it requires the brutal, ruthless suppression of all but one political party."

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Standardized form:

1. If a political system requires the brutal, ruthless suppression of all but one political party, then it is unjust.

2. Communism requires the brutal, ruthless suppression of all but one political party.

3. Therefore, communism is an unjust political system.

The logical issue in this argument is the generalization or assumption that all communist systems require the brutal and ruthless suppression of all but one political party. The argument presents this assumption as a premise without providing any evidence or justification for it.

C. The question-begging emotive phrase used in the premise is "brutal, ruthless suppression."

D. This phrase is question-begging because it assumes the conclusion of the argument, namely that communism is an unjust political system. By using emotionally loaded terms like "brutal" and "ruthless suppression," the argument seeks to evoke a negative emotional response and bias the reader against communism. However, without establishing the truth of the premise, which assumes that communism necessarily involves such suppression, the argument fails to provide a solid logical foundation for its conclusion. It assumes what it is trying to prove, making the argument circular and weak in terms of logical reasoning.

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Jonathan was interested in students' attitudes about drinking at his college. He decided to study this by asking every student in his Research Methods class to fill out a survey which asked about attitudes towards drinking. He then reported on "Attitudes of SDSU
Students Towards Drinking." Which sampling method did he use?
A. simple random
B.cluster sample
c. availability
D. quota

Answers

Jonathan used the sampling method known as "availability sampling." Hence, c. availability is the correct option.

Availability sampling is a non-probability sampling technique that involves selecting the most convenient participants for a research study. The sample is chosen because the people are easily accessible or readily available. It is not a random sampling method since it doesn't involve random selection. It's used when a population is tough to locate or when a researcher needs data rapidly, and it's one of the most straightforward forms of sampling.

Based on the question, Jonathan didn't use simple random, cluster sample, or quota sampling. Instead, he approached his Research Methods class to fill out a survey that asked about attitudes towards drinking, thus making the availability sampling method his pick for his study. Hence, c. availability is the correct option.

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