The 38.3 days number of days on average, it takes for a company to collect on its accounts receivable. Times Interest Earned Ratio: 4.18 times.
Days Sales in Receivables (DSR)
Days sales in receivables is also known as the average collection period.
This measures how many days, on average, it takes for a company to collect on its accounts receivable.
The calculation is as follows:
DSR = (Accounts receivable ÷ Annual credit sales) × 365
DSR = (321 ÷ 3,062) × 365
DSR = 38.3 days
Debt ratio is a financial ratio that compares a company's total debt to its total assets. It shows the percentage of a company's assets that are financed by debt. The formula for the debt ratio is as follows:
Debt ratio = Total debt ÷ Total assets
Debt-to-Equity Ratio
The debt-to-equity ratio is another financial ratio that compares a company's total debt to its total equity. It shows how much debt a company has relative to its equity. The formula for the debt-to-equity ratio is as follows:
Debt-to-equity ratio = Total debt ÷ Total equity
Times Interest Earned (TIE)
The times interest earned ratio (TIE) measures a company's ability to meet its interest payments on debt. It calculates how many times a company can cover its interest expense with its operating income.
The formula for the times interest earned ratio is as follows:TIE = Operating income ÷ Interest expenseFor the year ended December 31, 2020:
TIE = 308 ÷ 96TIE = 3.21 times
For the year ended December 31, 2019:
TIE = 322 ÷ 77
TIE = 4.18 times
Days Sales in Receivables at December 31, 2020 is 38.3 days.
Wiper's Debt Ratio and Debt-to-Equity Ratio at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are:
Debt ratio = Total debt ÷ Total assets (in millions)Year 2020:
Debt ratio = (589+1,588) ÷ 3,196
= 0.689
= 68.9%
Year 2019:
Debt ratio = (842+1,043) ÷ 2,923
= 0.674
= 67.4%
Calculation of Debt-to-Equity Ratio:
Debt-to-equity ratio = Total debt ÷ Total equity (in millions)
Year 2020:
Debt-to-equity ratio = (589+1,588) ÷ 1,019
= 2.07
Year 2019:
Debt-to-equity ratio = (842+1,043) ÷ 1,038
= 1.80
Times Interest Earned Ratio for 2020 and 2019:
Calculation of Times Interest Earned Ratio:
TIE = Operating income ÷ Interest expense (in millions)
Year 2020:
TIE = 308 ÷ 96
= 3.21 times
Year 2019: TIE = 322 ÷ 77
= 4.18 times.
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Using a search engine, look for the term "company organizational charts," and find at least three examples of organizational charts for corporations, not-for-profits, or government agencies. Analyze each entity’s organizational structure. Is it organized by function, product/service, process, customer type, or geographic location?
By analyzing the organizational charts of corporations, non-profits, or government organizations that were found on the search engine, the following information will discuss the structure of the entity. The article will also answer if the entity is organized by function, product/service, process, customer type, or geographic location.
An organizational chart, also known as an org chart, is a graphical representation of a company's structure. It illustrates the hierarchy of different positions in the company and their relationships to one another. Org charts can show the management chain of command, the different departments that make up a company, and how they interact. There are different ways to structure an org chart, including by function, product/service, process, customer type, or geographic location.
When analyzing the organizational charts of three different entities, the following structures can be found. The first entity is a non-profit organization, and its organizational chart shows that it is organized by function. The chart illustrates a hierarchical system that has a board of directors, followed by executive management, program staff, and administrative staff. The second entity is a corporation that is organized by product/service. Its organizational chart illustrates a product line, with a chief executive officer, followed by product managers and their respective teams.
The third entity is a government agency that is organized by function. Its organizational chart illustrates the various departments that make up the agency, such as law enforcement, transportation, and education. Each department is headed by a director who reports to the agency head. Therefore, it is concluded that the organizations can be organized by different structures to achieve their objectives.
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which of the following tax rates applies to an individual taxpayer in the 32% marginal tax rate bracket? type of gain/loss tax rate collectibles gain 32% unrecaptured section 1250 gain 32% short-term gain 28% long-term gain 15%. g
The tax rate that applies to an individual taxpayer in the 32% marginal tax rate bracket varies based on the type of gain or loss. For collectibles gain, the tax rate is 32%.
For unrecaptured section 1250 gain, the tax rate is also 32%. However, for short-term gains, the tax rate is 28%. Lastly, for long-term gains, the tax rate is 15%.
To summarize:
- Collectibles gain: 32% tax rate
- Unrecaptured section 1250 gain: 32% tax rate
- Short-term gain: 28% tax rate
- Long-term gain: 15% tax rate
These tax rates are applied based on the type of gain or loss incurred by the individual taxpayer. It's important to consult with a tax professional or refer to the official IRS guidelines for specific and accurate information regarding tax rates and brackets.
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Discussion Question – Earning management & IFRS (Acc 304 Accounting Theory)
With reference to the reading list: Ayedh, Fatima & Mohd (2019). Earnings Management in Malaysian Companiesduring the Global Financial Crisis and the Coincidental Effect of IFRS Adoption. AABFJ,13(1),1-26.
Assuming you are a researcher who is interested to examine the impact of COVID-19’s financial reporting/or IFRS adoption during the pandemic on earning management of Malaysian entities.
You are required to: Propose how you will carry out a search/study to contribute to the body of knowledge in this aspect.
Submission format: propose at least 5 areas (theory, variable, method, analysis etc) with examples on how you can contribute to this research.
As a researcher interested in examining the impact of COVID-19’s financial reporting or IFRS adoption during the pandemic on earning management of Malaysian entities, the following are five areas that I would consider researching:
1. Theory: To contribute to the body of knowledge in this aspect, I would propose the event study theory. This theory involves investigating the effect of external events such as the COVID-19 pandemic on a company's stock price. An event study would provide empirical evidence on whether the financial reporting practices adopted by Malaysian entities during the COVID-19 pandemic were effective in mitigating earnings management practices.
2. Variable: I would consider using earning management as an independent variable. This variable would enable me to determine the extent to which Malaysian entities are using IFRS reporting standards to manage their earnings during the pandemic. Additionally, I would consider using factors such as leverage, firm size, and industry to control the effects of other variables on earning management.
3. Method: For this study, I would propose a quantitative research method. This method would involve collecting and analyzing numerical data using statistical tools such as regression analysis. By using a quantitative approach, I would be able to determine the strength of the relationship between earning management practices and IFRS adoption during the COVID-19 pandemic.
4. Analysis: To analyze the data collected, I would use various statistical methods. One of the methods I would consider is regression analysis. Regression analysis would enable me to determine the extent to which the dependent variable (earning management) is explained by the independent variable (IFRS adoption during the pandemic). Additionally, I would use descriptive statistics to summarize the data collected.
5. Sample selection: I would select a sample of Malaysian entities that have adopted IFRS reporting standards during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample would be representative of different industries and sectors in Malaysia. Additionally, I would ensure that the sample includes entities that have been adversely affected by the pandemic to provide a comprehensive analysis of earning management practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusively, these are the areas I would propose researching to contribute to the body of knowledge in this aspect.
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What is the best reason why an American manager working abroad might make more money than a manager who was hired locally?
a. American managers may be subject to different compensation laws.
b. American managers work harder than foreign managers
c. American managers should expect more pay because they are American
d. American managers are usually more skilled than managers from other countries.
An American manager working abroad might make more money than a manager who was hired locally because American managers are usually more skilled than managers from other countries. The correct option is D
It is common knowledge that Americans are among the most hardworking and highly skilled people in the world.
This is due to the rigorous educational system that they undergo.
This is why it is not unusual to see American managers receiving higher salaries than local managers when working abroad.
In many cases, American managers working abroad will have to negotiate their salaries and benefits packages with the hiring company.
This means that the manager will be able to ask for a higher salary than what the company is initially offering.
The reason for this is because American managers often have higher qualifications and more experience than their foreign counterparts.
Additionally, American managers may be more familiar with business practices and policies in the United States than foreign managers.
This knowledge is often highly valued by companies operating in foreign countries, especially if the company is based in the United States.
American managers are usually more skilled than managers from other countries. As a result, they can command higher salaries than their foreign counterparts when working abroad.
This is due to the rigorous education system that they undergo and their familiarity with business practices and policies in the United States.
American managers may also be able to negotiate higher salaries and benefits packages with hiring companies.
In some cases, American managers may be subject to different compensation laws than local managers. However, this is not typically the reason why they earn more.
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WENC Problems All applicable Problems are available in Connect. Common and preferred stock-issuances and dividends Homestead Oil Corp./Problem 8.23 was incorporated on January 1, 2019, and issued the following stock for cash: LO 1,2 connect 800,000 shares of no-par common stock were authorized: 150,000 shares were issued on January 1, 2019, at $38 per share. 200,000 shares of $100 par value, 6.5% cumulative, preferred stock were per share. authorized; 90,000 shares were issued on January 1, 2019, at $122 Net income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 was $2,600,000 and $5,600,000, respectively. 310 Part 1 Financial Accounting No dividends were declared or paid during 2019. However, on December 28, 2020, the board of directors of Homestead declared dividends of $3,600,000, payable on February 12, 2021, to holders of record as of January 19, 2021. Required: a. Use the horizontal model (or write the entry) to show the effects of The issuance of common stock and preferred stock on January 1, 2019. 2. The declaration of dividends on December 28, 2020. 1. 3. The payment of dividends on February 12, 2021. b. Of the total amount of dividends declared during 2020, how much will be received by preferred shareholders? 74 Comm Jespres and dividends Permabilt Corp, was
a. The issuance of common stock and preferred stock on January 1, 2019:
Common Stock: Cash is debited and Common Stock is credited for $5,700,000. - Preferred Stock: Cash is debited and Preferred Stock is credited for $11,040,000.b. The declaration of dividends on December 28, 2020:
Retained Earnings is debited and Dividends Payable is credited for $3,600,000.c. The payment of dividends on February 12, 2021:
Dividends Payable is debited and Cash is credited for $3,600,000.b. The preferred shareholders will receive $585,000 of the total dividends declared during 2020.
To show the effects of the issuance of common stock and preferred stock on January 1, 2019:
1. Issuance of Common Stock:
Debit: Cash - $5,700,000 ($38 per share x 150,000 shares) Credit: Common Stock - $5,700,0002. Issuance of Preferred Stock:
Debit: Cash - $11,040,000 ($122 per share x 90,000 shares) Credit: Preferred Stock - $11,040,000To show the effects of the declaration of dividends on December 28, 2020:
Debit: Retained Earnings - $3,600,000Credit: Dividends Payable - $3,600,000To show the effects of the payment of dividends on February 12, 2021:
Debit: Dividends Payable - $3,600,000Credit: Cash - $3,600,000To determine the amount of dividends received by preferred shareholders:
The preferred shareholders are entitled to receive dividends before the common shareholders. The preferred stock is cumulative and has a 6.5% dividend rate. The preferred shareholders will receive dividends for the current year (2020) and any unpaid dividends from prior years.
For the current year (2020):
Preferred Dividends = Preferred Shares Outstanding * Par Value * Dividend RatePreferred Dividends = 90,000 shares * $100 par value * 6.5%Preferred Dividends = $585,000Therefore, preferred shareholders will receive $585,000 of the total dividends declared during 2020.
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. Rudy Chappa owns a internet running goods website. He sells a single type of shoe: ‘Nike elite’ cross country shoes. If the revenue function for the shoes is TR = (120- Q)Q and the cost function is TC = 1200 + 20Q, what is his profit maximizing number of shoes?
a. 20
b. 40
c. 60
d. 80
If the revenue function for the shoes is TR = (100- Q)Q and the cost function is TC = 1200 + 20Q, the profit-maximizing number of shoes is 40. So, correct option is B.
To find the profit-maximizing number of shoes for Rudy Chappa's internet running goods website, we need to determine the quantity of shoes that maximizes the difference between total revenue (TR) and total cost (TC), which represents the profit (π).
The revenue function is given as TR = (100 - Q)Q, where Q represents the quantity of shoes sold. The cost function is TC = 1200 + 20Q, where Q represents the quantity of shoes produced.
To find the profit-maximizing quantity, we need to find the point where the marginal revenue (MR) equals the marginal cost (MC). MR is the derivative of the revenue function with respect to Q, and MC is the derivative of the cost function with respect to Q.
MR = d(TR)/dQ = 100 - 2Q
MC = d(TC)/dQ = 20
Setting MR equal to MC and solving for Q:
100 - 2Q = 20
2Q = 80
Q = 40
Therefore, correct option is B.
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Complete question is:
Rudy Chappa owns a internet running goods website. He sells a single type of shoe: ‘Nike elite’ cross country shoes. If the revenue function for the shoes is TR = (100- Q)Q and the cost function is TC = 1200 + 20Q, what is his profit maximizing number of shoes?
a. 20
b. 40
c. 60
d. 80
During the taking of its physical inventory on December 31, 2014, Barry's Bike Shop incorrectly counted its inventory as $226,167.00 instead of the correct amours of $172,825.00 What would be the effect on the balance sheet and income statement? Select the correct answer. O assets overstated by $57,362.00 retained earnings understated by $52.362.00 net income statement understated by $52,362.00 Oassets overstated by $226,1117.00 retained earnings understated by $173,825.00 no effect on the inconie statement O assets and retained earnings overstated by $52.362.00 net income overstated by $52.362.00 O assets and retained sarnings overstated by $175.825.00 net income understated by $226,187.00 PIEVOQUE NEXT
The correct answer is assets and retained earnings overstated by $52,362.00, net income overstated by $52,362.00.
Here is the explanation:
The incorrect counting of inventory will overstate the assets on the balance sheet by $226,167 - $172,825 = $53,342.The overstated inventory will also overstate the retained earnings on the balance sheet by the same amount, since retained earnings is equal to the total assets minus the total liabilities.The overstated inventory will overstate the cost of goods sold on the income statement by $53,342, since the cost of goods sold is calculated as the beginning inventory plus the purchases minus the ending inventory.The overstated cost of goods sold will overstate the net income by the same amount, since net income is calculated as the revenue minus the cost of goods sold and other expenses.Therefore, the correct answer is assets and retained earnings overstated by $52,362.00, net income overstated by $52,362.00.
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should the internal governance mechanisms be public info? How does accountability to those rules happen?
These are typically not public information. Accountability is established through the board of directors, internal controls, policies and procedures, performance evaluation, and whistleblower mechanisms.
A) Internal governance mechanisms are typically not intended to be public information. These mechanisms are designed to regulate and guide the internal operations of an organization, including decision-making processes, accountability structures, and compliance measures. Making them public can potentially compromise the organization's competitive advantage, strategic plans, and sensitive information.
However, there is an increasing emphasis on transparency and corporate governance in the business world. Many organizations voluntarily disclose certain aspects of their governance practices and policies to stakeholders, shareholders, and the public. This disclosure helps build trust, demonstrate commitment to ethical conduct, and provide assurance that the organization operates in line with established standards.
Publicly traded companies, in particular, are subject to regulatory requirements that necessitate some level of transparency and disclosure regarding their governance mechanisms. They are often required to provide information about their board structure, executive compensation, risk management practices, and codes of conduct.
While complete public disclosure of internal governance mechanisms may not be appropriate, striking a balance between transparency and confidentiality is essential. Organizations should carefully evaluate what information can be responsibly shared without compromising their competitive advantage or exposing sensitive internal matters.
B) Accountability to these internal governance mechanisms is crucial for maintaining transparency, ethical conduct, and overall organizational effectiveness. Accountability is typically established through several means:
Board of Directors: In the case of corporations, the board of directors plays a vital role in ensuring accountability. They are responsible for overseeing the organization's strategic direction, appointing executives, and monitoring their performance. Board members hold a fiduciary duty to act in the best interests of the organization and its stakeholders.Internal Controls: Internal control mechanisms, such as financial and operational controls, are put in place to ensure compliance with policies and procedures. These controls provide checks and balances, safeguard assets, and mitigate risks. Regular monitoring and auditing processes help identify any deviations or non-compliance, ensuring accountability to established rules.Policies and Procedures: Organizations establish internal policies and procedures to guide employee behavior and decision-making. These policies outline expected standards of conduct, ethical guidelines, and compliance requirements. Employees are expected to adhere to these policies, and violations can result in disciplinary action, ensuring individual accountability.Performance Evaluation and Incentives: Performance evaluation systems assess employees' adherence to internal governance mechanisms, including their compliance with policies, regulations, and ethical standards. Incentives and rewards can be tied to performance metrics aligned with the organization's goals, promoting accountability and alignment with governance rules.Whistleblower Mechanisms: Organizations often have mechanisms in place to encourage employees to report misconduct or violations of governance rules. Whistleblower protection policies and anonymous reporting channels provide avenues for individuals to raise concerns without fear of retaliation. These mechanisms facilitate accountability by allowing the organization to investigate and address potential breaches.Learn more about Publicly traded companies here:
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QUESTION 22 (Please make all calculations to the nearest thousandth) The weight of a quarter at the beginning of the 20th century was 6.250 grams +/-0.091 grams. Amachine that makes metal blanks to be made into quarters is tested and found to produce blanks that weigh, on average, 6.233, with a standard deviation of 0.014 grams. What is the process capability index of the machine?
The process capability index (Cp) of the machine, which produces metal blanks for quarters, is calculated to be 0.167. This indicates that the machine's production process has limited capability.
The process capability index (Cp) of the machine is 0.167.
To calculate the process capability index (Cp), we use the formula:
Cp = (USL - LSL) / (6 * standard deviation)
Given that the weight of a quarter at the beginning of the 20th century has an upper specification limit (USL) of 6.250 + 0.091 grams and a lower specification limit (LSL) of 6.250 - 0.091 grams, and the standard deviation of the machine's production is 0.014 grams, we can calculate the process capability index (Cp).
Cp = (6.250 + 0.091 - 6.250 + 0.091) / (6 * 0.014)
= 0.182 / 0.084
≈ 0.167
Therefore, the process capability index (Cp) of the machine is approximately 0.167.
The process capability index (Cp) measures the capability of a process to meet customer specifications. A Cp value less than 1 indicates that the process spread is greater than the specification limits, indicating that the process may produce items that fall outside the desired range.
In this case, the calculated Cp value of 0.167 suggests that the machine's production process has limited capability to consistently produce blanks within the specified weight range for quarters. The Cp value below 1 indicates that there is a significant overlap between the process spread and the specification limits, which could result in a higher likelihood of producing blanks that do not meet the desired weight requirements.
To improve the process capability, the machine's production variability needs to be reduced, either by adjusting the machine settings or implementing tighter quality control measures. By reducing the standard deviation of the blank weights, the Cp value can be increased, indicating a higher capability of the machine to consistently produce blanks within the specified weight range.
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The following facts relate to the postretirement benefits plan of Wall, Inc.
for 2021:
Service cost: $510,000
Discount rate: 7%
EPBO, January 1, 2021: $6,329,000
APBO, January 1, 2021: $5,632,000
Average remaining service to full eligibility: 16 years
Average remaining service to expected retirement: 26 years
The plan is unfunded. The amount of postretirement expense for 2021 is..................
The amount of postretirement expense for 2021 is $904,240.The amount of postretirement expense refers to the financial cost incurred by a company for providing postretirement benefits to its employees.
Postretirement expense = Service cost + Interest cost - Expected return on plan assets
Where, Service cost = $510,000 Discount rate = 7% EPBO, January 1, 2021 = $6,329,000 APBO, January 1, 2021 = $5,632,000
Interest cost = Discount rate * APBO = 7% * $5,632,000 = $394,240
Expected return on plan assets = 0 (since the plan is unfunded)
Therefore, Postretirement expense for 2021 = $510,000 + $394,240 - $0 = $904,240
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Long-term liabilities are significant to users for all of the following reasons, except A. it affects the company for many year into the future. B.it has an impact on the firm's liquidity. C.it provides information on potential litigation and contractual obligations. D.it provides information about the health of employee pension plans.
Long-term liabilities are significant to users for all of the following reasons except option D.
It provides information about the health of employee pension plans. Long-term liabilities are debts or obligations that are not due within a year or the company's operating cycle.
Long-term liabilities play a vital role in understanding a company's financial health. Investors, creditors, and analysts are interested in long-term liabilities because they reflect the company's ability to manage its debt and meet its financial obligations over time. In general, long-term liabilities impact the company for many years into the future.
They are an essential part of a company's capital structure, and they represent money that a company has borrowed that it must repay in the future. Here are some reasons why long-term liabilities are significant to users:1. Affects the company for many years into the future2. Has an impact on the firm's liquidity.
Provides information on potential litigation and contractual obligations4. Provides information about the financial health of the company Long-term liabilities affect a company's liquidity because they represent money that a company owes over an extended period.
The higher the long-term liabilities, the greater the financial burden on the company. Additionally, long-term liabilities provide valuable information about a company's potential litigation and contractual obligations. This is important because it can impact the company's financial position and reputation. For example, if a company has a lot of long-term liabilities, it may be less able to handle potential lawsuits.
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Carla Vista Limited had 42,600 common shares outstanding on January 1, 2020. On March 1, 2020, Carla Vista issued 20,400 shares in exchange for equipment. On July 1, Carla Vista repurchased and cancelled 12,000 shares. On October 1, 2020, Carla Vista declared a 1-for-2 reverse stock split. Calculate the weighted average number of shares outstanding for Carla Vista for the year ended December 31, 2020. (Round restatement values to 2 decimal places, e.g. 0.53 and final answer to O decimal places, e.g. 5,275.) Weighted average number of shares outstanding ______shares
Carla Vista's weighted average number of shares outstanding for 2020 was 47,232 shares.
To calculate the weighted average number of shares outstanding for Carla Vista for the year ended December 31, 2020, we need to consider the various changes in the number of shares throughout the year.
1. January 1, 2020: 42,600 shares outstanding (beginning balance).
2. March 1, 2020: Carla Vista issued 20,400 shares in exchange for equipment, increasing the number of shares to 42,600 + 20,400 = 63,000 shares.
3. July 1, 2020: Carla Vista repurchased and cancelled 12,000 shares, reducing the number of shares to 63,000 - 12,000 = 51,000 shares.
4. October 1, 2020: Carla Vista declared a 1-for-2 reverse stock split. This means that for every 2 shares, there would be 1 share after the reverse stock split. Therefore, the number of shares becomes 51,000 / 2 = 25,500 shares.
Now, we can calculate the weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Weighted average shares = (Number of shares × Number of days) / Total days
Number of shares from January 1 to March 1 = 42,600 shares × (March 1 - January 1) = 42,600 shares × 59 days = 2,513,400 shares
Number of shares from March 1 to July 1 = 63,000 shares × (July 1 - March 1) = 63,000 shares × 122 days = 7,686,000 shares
Number of shares from July 1 to October 1 = 51,000 shares × (October 1 - July 1) = 51,000 shares × 92 days = 4,692,000 shares
Number of shares from October 1 to December 31 = 25,500 shares × (December 31 - October 1) = 25,500 shares × 92 days = 2,346,000 shares
Total weighted shares = 2,513,400 + 7,686,000 + 4,692,000 + 2,346,000 = 17,237,400 shares
Now we need to divide the total weighted shares by the total number of days in the year to get the weighted average number of shares:
Weighted average number of shares = 17,237,400 shares / 365 days = 47,232 shares (rounded to the nearest whole number)
Therefore, the weighted average number of shares outstanding for Carla Vista for the year ended December 31, 2020, is 47,232 shares.
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Questions 6-8 are based one the following excerpt from Chicago Tribune (May 9, 2016) Tribune Publishing's board has adopted a shareholder rights plan to defend itself against Gannett's unsolicited bid to buy the Chicago-based newspaper company The publisher of the Chicago Tribune, the Los Angeles Times and other papers said Monday the plan, commonly known as a "poison pill," would kick in if a group buys more than 20 percent of Tribune Publishing's shares or begins a tender offer to seek a 20 percent stake from existing shareholders When the plan is triggered, existing shareholders, other than an acquiring entity, could buy preferred shares at a substantial discount, thereby diluting the stake of any acquiring company and making a takeover more expensive. The plan expires in a year. Tribune Publishing's adoption of the defense, widely used in hostile takeover battles, follows its formal rejection last week of Gannett's April 12 offer of $12.25 a share to acquire the company in a deal that was valued at $815 million, including the assumption of $390 million in debt 6. What was Gannett's offer price per share to Tribune in April 2016? QUESTION 7 7 What was the number of shares (in milions) at Tribune? QUESTION 8 8 What is the triggering percentage that the poison pill would be activated? (in percentage)
Gannett's offer price per share to Tribune in April 2016 was $12.25.
In April 2016, Gannett made an unsolicited bid to acquire Tribune Publishing, the publisher of the Chicago Tribune and the Los Angeles Times. The offer price per share was $12.25, as stated in the excerpt from the Chicago Tribune. This offer was part of a deal valued at $815 million, including the assumption of $390 million in debt.
During that time, Tribune Publishing's board adopted a shareholder rights plan, also known as a "poison pill," as a defense mechanism against Gannett's hostile takeover attempt. The plan would be triggered if a group purchased more than 20 percent of Tribune Publishing's shares or initiated a tender offer to seek a 20 percent stake from existing shareholders.
When triggered, the plan allowed existing shareholders, excluding the acquiring entity, to buy preferred shares at a significant discount. This would dilute the stake of any acquiring company and make a takeover more expensive. The plan had a duration of one year, after which it would expire.
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a company issued 9.0%, 5-year bonds with a par value of $260,000. the market rate when the bonds were issued was 10.0%. the company received $249,961.74 cash for the bonds. using the effective interest method, compute the amount of interest expense for the second semiannual interest period (round to 2 decimals).
The amount of interest expense for the second semiannual interest period using the effective interest method is $13,000.
To calculate the interest expense for the second semiannual interest period, we need to determine the carrying value of the bonds and multiply it by the market interest rate. Here are the steps involved:
1. Calculate the semiannual coupon payment:
The coupon rate is 9%, so the semiannual coupon payment is (9% / 2) * $260,000 = $11,700.
2. Determine the carrying value of the bonds:
In the first interest period, the carrying value of the bonds is equal to the cash received, which is $249,961.74.
3. Calculate the interest expense:
The interest expense is calculated by multiplying the carrying value of the bonds by the market interest rate. Since the market rate is 10%, the interest expense for the second semiannual interest period is ($249,961.74 * 10%) = $24,996.17.
4. Adjust the carrying value of the bonds:
To calculate the carrying value for the next interest period, subtract the semiannual coupon payment ($11,700) from the carrying value at the beginning of the period ($249,961.74). The new carrying value is $238,261.74.
5. Repeat the process:
For subsequent interest periods, repeat steps 3 and 4 using the updated carrying value until the bonds mature.
In this case, the amount of interest expense for the second semiannual interest period using the effective interest method is $13,000.
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Suppose you deposit $1,160.00 into an account 4.00 years from today. Exactly 13.00 years from today the account is worth $1,628.00. What was the account's interest rate?
The account's interest rate is approximately 3.2782%.
To calculate the interest rate, we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(n*t)
A = Final amount
P = Principal amount (initial deposit)
r = Interest rate (unknown)
n = Number of times interest is compounded per year (assumed to be 1)
t = Number of years
P = $1,160.00
A = $1,628.00
t = 13 years
Substituting the given values into the formula, we have:
$1,628.00 = $1,160.00(1 + r/1)^(1*13)
Simplifying the equation:
1.40448275862069 = (1 + r)^13
Taking the 13th root of both sides:
(1 + r) ≈ 1.40448275862069^(1/13)
(1 + r) ≈ 1.03278202160479
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
r = 0.03278202160479
To convert the decimal to a percentage, multiply by 100:
r = 3.278202160479%
Therefore, the account's interest rate is approximately 3.2782%.
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- We put Lola in charge of new products because she's so creative and always has new ideas. - Without a doubt, we can always count on Anabel. She never lets us down. - It seems like Christophe is always the first to speak. - Sasha seems to accept the fact that her job isn't very interesting. - Irina is such a team player. She'll always go along with what the team thinks is best. - Gina is always worrying about things. - Tiziana never stops working and is constantly doing two things at the same time. - Jason thinks very carefully about his choices and makes very deliberate decisions because he knows they have consequences. - Antoaneta sets high goals and achieves them. It's likely due to the fact that she's so confident in her capabilities. - Openness to experience - Agreeableness - Type A - Conscientiousness - Extraversion - Neuroticism - External locus of control - Internal locus of control - Core self-evaluation
The given description can be related to the traits and qualities that are associated with the Big Five Personality Traits. These Big Five Personality Traits are as follows: Extraversion,Agreeableness,Conscientiousness,Neuroticism,Openness to Experience
The given statements can be related to the following traits:We put Lola in charge of new products because she's so creative and always has new ideas. - Openness to experience Without a doubt, we can always count on Anabel. She never lets us down.
- Conscientiousness It seems like Christophe is always the first to speak.
- ExtraversionSasha seems to accept the fact that her job isn't very interesting.
- NeuroticismIrina is such a team player. She'll always go along with what the team thinks is best.
- AgreeablenessGina is always worrying about things.
- NeuroticismTiziana never stops working and is constantly doing two things at the same time.
ConscientiousnessJason thinks very carefully about his choices and makes very deliberate decisions because he knows they have consequences. - ConscientiousnessAntoaneta sets high goals and achieves them. It's likely due to the fact that she's so confident in her capabilities. - Conscientiousness and Internal locus of controlThe term that is related to all these personality traits is Core self-evaluation. It is a broad personality concept that encompasses different individual traits such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, emotional stability, and locus of control.
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For each unit of computer sold, Blue Company sells a service contract. The contract provides that the computers sold will be repaired by the company within a period of three years from the date of sale. Based on company's experience, 10% of repairs are done in the 1st year from the date of sale, 30% in the 2nd year and 60% in the 3rd year. Sale of service contracts for the year 2019, 2020 and 2021 are; P500,000; P600,000 and P700,000 respectively. Sale of service contracts and repairs are made evenly throughout the year. How much is the unearned service contract revenue at December 31, 2021? 2. What is the amortized cost of accounts receivable at December 31, 2021?On January 1, 2021, Blue Company had Accounts Receivable and Allowance for bad debts of P360,000 and P12,000 respectively. Sales during the year 2021 amounts to P1,800,000 (all on credit). Accounts of P7,500 were written off during the year 2021. Analysis of the company's accounts receivable at December 31,2021 revealed the following: Age Amount Estimated uncollectible 0-60 days P125,000 1% 61-120 days 90,000 3% Over 120 days 100,000 10%
For 2019, 10% of repairs were done, so the unearned revenue is P500,000 x 10% = P50,000. For 2020, 30% of repairs were done, so the unearned revenue is P600,000 x 30% = P180,000.
Adding these amounts together, the unearned service contract revenue at December 31, 2021 is P50,000 + P180,000 + P420,000 = P650,000. The amortized cost of accounts receivable at December 31, 2021 can be calculated by subtracting the allowance for bad debts from the accounts receivable balance.
For over 120 days, 10% is uncollectible, so P100,000 x 10% = P10,000 is subtracted. Adding these amounts together, the amortized cost of accounts receivable at December 31, 2021 is P2,152,500 - P1,250 - P2,700 - P10,000 = P2,138,550.
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Hank earns $18.50 per hour with time-and-a-half for hours in excess of 40 per week. He worked 44 hours at his job during the first week of March, 2024. Hank pays income taxes at 15% and 7.65% for OASDI and Medicare. All of his income is taxable under FICA. Determine Hank's net pay for the week.
To determine Hank's net pay for the week, we can use the following steps:
Step 1: Calculate the regular pay Hank worked for 40 hours at a regular rate of $18.50 per hour. Regular pay = 40 x $18.50 = $740.
Step 2: Calculate overtime pay Hank worked for an additional 4 hours, which is considered overtime.
Overtime pay = 4 x ($18.50 x 1.5) = $111.
Step 3: Calculate gross pay Gross pay = Regular pay + Overtime pay = $740 + $111 = $851.
Step 4: Calculate FICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) consists of two components: Social Security (OASDI) and Medicare. Hank pays 7.65% of his gross pay as FICA.
OASDI is calculated at a rate of 6.2% and Medicare at a rate of 1.45%. OASDI = 6.2% of $851 = $52.72. Medicare = 1.45% of $851 = $12.33FICA = OASDI + Medicare = $52.72 + $12.33 = $65.05.
Step 5: Calculate federal tax.
Federal income tax is calculated at a rate of 15% of the taxable income. The taxable income is the gross pay minus FICA. Federal tax = 15% of ($851 - $65.05) = $117.74.
Step 6: Calculate net pay.
Net pay is the gross pay minus all deductions. Net pay = Gross pay - FICA - Federal tax= $851 - $65.05 - $117.74= $668.21.
Therefore, Hank's net pay for the week is $668.21. When calculating an individual's net pay, there are many factors that need to be considered. These factors include regular pay, overtime pay, FICA, federal income tax, and any other deductions that are taken out of an individual's paycheck.
In this case, Hank earns $18.50 per hour with time-and-a-half for hours in excess of 40 per week. He worked 44 hours at his job during the first week of March 2024. Hank pays income taxes at 15% and 7.65% for OASDI and Medicare. All of his income is taxable under FICA.
To determine Hank's net pay for the week, we need to first calculate his regular pay.
His regular pay is calculated by multiplying his hourly rate by the number of regular hours worked. In this case, Hank worked 40 regular hours, so his regular pay is 40 x $18.50 = $740. Next, we need to calculate his overtime pay.
Hank worked 4 overtime hours, so his overtime pay is calculated by multiplying his overtime rate by the number of overtime hours worked. His overtime rate is 1.5 times his regular rate, so his overtime pay is 4 x ($18.50 x 1.5) = $111. His gross pay is calculated by adding his regular pay and his overtime pay, so his gross pay is $740 + $111 = $851. FICA is calculated by multiplying the gross pay by the FICA rate.
In this case, the FICA rate is 7.65%, so FICA is 7.65% of $851, which is $65.05.
Federal income tax is calculated by multiplying the taxable income by the federal income tax rate. The taxable income is the gross pay minus FICA, so the taxable income is $851 - $65.05 = $785.95. The federal income tax rate is 15%, so the federal income tax is 15% of $785.95, which is $117.74.
Finally, Hank's net pay is calculated by subtracting FICA and federal income tax from his gross pay. His net pay is $851 - $65.05 - $117.74 = $668.21.
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1. Who, exactly, are the customers for the product you’ve begun documenting? What need(s) will your product satisfy for these customers? How can you identify this target market using market segmentation? What is the approximate size of this market? Draft a paragraph about your target market and segmentation.
2. 2. What kind of market research can you use to better understand the marketing environment, your target market, customers’ needs, and how they make buying decisions for a good or service like yours? Write a few sentences about how you might use market research to support your marketing decisions.
3. Dig a little deeper into the marketing mix for your product. Is it going to be a tangible good, an intangible service, or a combination? What is innovative about your product, and how will this innovation help you meet customers’ needs and differentiate your product from competing products? How will you develop and test this new product? Write two paragraphs to summarize your ideas.
4. You have a few more decisions to make about your product. What brand will you use, and why is it appropriate and distinctive for your product, your industry, and your customers? Will you offer a single product or a product line, and why? If your product is tangible, what will you do about packaging and labeling? Write up to two paragraphs about your branding, product line, packaging, and labeling.
The first question focuses on identifying the target market for the product and how market segmentation can be used to determine the approximate size of this market. The second question discusses the use of market research to understand the marketing environment, target market, customer needs, and buying decisions. The third question explores the marketing mix of the product, including whether it is a tangible good, an intangible service, or a combination, its innovation, and how it will be developed and tested. The fourth question addresses decisions regarding branding, product line, packaging, and labeling.
In order to determine the target market for the product and satisfy their needs, market segmentation can be employed. This involves dividing the larger market into distinct groups based on factors such as demographics, psychographics, behavior, or geographic location. By understanding the specific needs and preferences of each segment, the product can be tailored to better address those needs and increase its appeal to the target customers. Market research can be used to gather valuable insights about the marketing environment, target market, customer needs, and buying decisions. This can be achieved through techniques such as surveys, focus groups, interviews, and observation. The findings from market research will provide valuable information that can guide marketing decisions, allowing for the development of effective strategies and tactics to reach the target market and meet its needs.
Regarding the marketing mix, the product can be categorized as either a tangible good, an intangible service, or a combination of both, depending on its nature. The innovation in the product should be highlighted, as it sets it apart from competing products and addresses specific customer needs in a unique way.
To develop and test the new product, a phased approach can be followed, involving concept development, prototype creation, testing, and refinement based on customer feedback and market demand. This iterative process ensures that the final product meets the intended objectives and satisfies the identified customer needs.
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vella owns and operates an illegal gambling establishment. in connection with this activity, he has the following expenses during the year: rent $40,500 bribes 60,750 travel expenses 4,050 utilities 24,300 wages 335,500 payroll taxes 20,250 property insurance 2,025 illegal kickbacks 36,450 what are vella's total deductible expenses for tax purposes? $fill in the blank 1
Vella's total deductible expenses for tax purposes, excluding the illegal activities, would amount to $426,625.
Vella's total deductible expenses for tax purposes can be calculated by adding up all the expenses that are allowed as deductions by the tax authorities. From the list provided, the deductible expenses would include rent ($40,500), travel expenses ($4,050), utilities ($24,300), wages ($335,500), payroll taxes ($20,250), and property insurance ($2,025).
However, it's important to note that illegal activities, such as operating an illegal gambling establishment and engaging in bribery, are not recognized as legitimate business expenses by tax authorities.
Therefore, expenses related to bribes ($60,750) and illegal kickbacks ($36,450) would not be deductible.
To calculate Vella's total deductible expenses, we add up the allowable expenses:
$40,500 + $4,050 + $24,300 + $335,500 + $20,250 + $2,025 = $426,625.
Thus, Vella's total deductible expenses for tax purposes would be $426,625.
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Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry has decided to go to Elite U. Assuming that all of the values described are correct, for Larry to decide on Elite U, he must have:
A. Calculated his surplus from each choice and picked the one with the highest surplus.
B. Underestimated the benefits of attending No Name.
C. Miscalculated the surplus of attending Elite U.
D. Determined the opportunity cost of each choice and picked the one with the lowest opportunity cost
To determine the correct answer, let's analyze Larry's decision-making process and the information provided. Larry must have miscalculated the surplus of attending Elite U.
Larry has three options for graduate school: Elite U, State College, and NoName U. Larry's decision is based on the value he assigns to attending each school and the associated costs. Let's review the information given:
- Elite U: Costs $50,000 per year and Larry values attending at $60,000 per year.
- State College: Costs $30,000 per year and Larry values attending at $40,000 per year. Larry receives a $10,000 annual scholarship.
- NoName U: Costs $20,000 per year and Larry values attending at $15,000 per year. Larry receives a full $20,000 annual scholarship.
According to the information provided, Larry has decided to attend Elite U. However, based on the given values, Larry would have a higher surplus by attending NoName U. Let's calculate the surpluses for each option:
- Elite U: Surplus = Value - Cost = $60,000 - $50,000 = $10,000
- State College: Surplus = Value - Cost + Scholarship = $40,000 - $30,000 + $10,000 = $20,000
- NoName U: Surplus = Value - Cost + Scholarship = $15,000 - $20,000 + $20,000 = $15,000
From the calculations, it is clear that Larry would have a higher surplus by attending State College or NoName U compared to Elite U. Therefore, Larry must have miscalculated the surplus of attending Elite U if he has chosen it over the other options.
In conclusion, the correct answer is that Larry must have miscalculated the surplus of attending Elite U.
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Assume the following information for one of a company's variable expenses: • The actual amount of the expense is $8,300. • The planned level of activity is 1,000 hours. • The spending variance is $200 unfavorable. • The cost formula is $9.00 per hour. The activity variance must be: Multiple Choice a. $600 b. U. $900 c. F. $900 d. U. $600 F.
The question provides information about a company's variable expense, including the actual amount of $8,300, planned level of activity of 1,000 hours, spending variance of $200 unfavorable, and a cost formula of $9.00 per hour. The question asks for the activity variance.
The activity variance represents the difference between the actual level of activity and the planned level of activity, multiplied by the cost per unit of activity. In this case, the actual amount of the expense is $8,300, and the planned level of activity is 1,000 hours.
Using the cost formula of $9.00 per hour, we can calculate the planned expense based on the planned level of activity: 1,000 hours multiplied by $9.00 per hour equals $9,000. Comparing this with the actual expense of $8,300, we can determine that there is a spending variance of $700 favorable ($9,000 - $8,300).
Since the spending variance is unfavorable by $200, we can determine that the activity variance must be unfavorable to offset this amount. Therefore, the activity variance would be $900 unfavorable (the difference between the $700 favorable spending variance and the $200 unfavorable spending variance). The correct answer is option d: U. $900.
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Identify if the following transactions generates a credit or a debit in the American balance of payments accounts. Explain how each transaction would be classified (current account, capital account, or financial account). Explain whether it constitutes as a cash outflow or a cash inflow in the American balance of payment accounts,
a) An American computer manufacturer purchases $50 hard disk from a Malaysian company,
Answer: Debit, Current account (U.S. good import), cash outflow of $50 [EXAMPLE]
b) An U.S. tourist to Japan sells his iPod to a local resident worth $100.
c) The U.S. central bank sells $500 million of its holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds to a British financial firm.
d) A French owner of Apple shares receives $10,000 in dividend payments.
e) Germany provides research grants to American scientist to work on vaccine research
f) The U.S. government forgives a $50 million debt owed by a developing country.
(b) Debit, Current account (U.S. service export), cash inflow of $100.
In this transaction, the U.S. tourist is selling his iPod to a local resident in Japan.
Since the iPod is considered a U.S. asset being sold abroad, it is recorded as a U.S. service export. The transaction generates a debit in the balance of payments accounts because it represents an outflow of a U.S. asset. However, in terms of cash flow, it constitutes a cash inflow of $100 to the U.S. as the tourist receives payment for the sale.
c) Debit, Financial account (U.S. financial asset export), cash inflow of $500 million
In this transaction, the U.S. central bank is selling $500 million of its holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds to a British financial firm. Since U.S. Treasury bonds are financial assets, the transaction is recorded in the financial account of the balance of payments. The sale of the bonds represents an outflow of U.S. financial assets, resulting in a debit. However, in terms of cash flow, it constitutes a cash inflow of $500 million to the U.S. as the British financial firm pays for the bonds.
d) Credit, Current account (U.S. primary income), cash inflow of $10,000
In this transaction, the French owner of Apple shares receives $10,000 in dividend payments. Dividend payments represent income generated by the ownership of financial assets. Since the French owner is receiving income from his Apple shares, it is recorded as a credit in the current account under primary income. In terms of cash flow, it constitutes a cash inflow of $10,000 to the U.S. as the French owner receives the dividend payment.
e) Credit, Current account (U.S. secondary income), cash inflow (grant amount)
In this transaction, Germany provides research grants to American scientists for vaccine research. Research grants fall under secondary income, as they are unrequited transfers. The transaction represents a credit in the current account as the U.S. receives the grant. In terms of cash flow, it constitutes a cash inflow equal to the grant amount.
f) Credit, Current account (U.S. secondary income), no cash flow impact
In this transaction, the U.S. government forgives a $50 million debt owed by a developing country. Debt forgiveness is considered a secondary income and is recorded as a credit in the current account. However, in terms of cash flow, there is no impact because the debt forgiveness means the developing country no longer needs to make the payment.
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. Social Obligation Social Responsibility Business Ethics Social Awareness ______ 7. Which Of The Following Best Describes The Objective Of Marketing?
______ 6. Rules of conduct that guide actions in the marketplace are called ________.
social obligation
social responsibility
business ethics
social awareness
______ 7. Which of the following best describes the objective of marketing?
A. to create awareness that consumer needs exist
B. to provide consumers with an incentive to purchase
C. to create needs that a business can satisfy
D. to facilitate the sale of assorted goods and services
______ 8. Which of the following regulatory agencies is responsible for enforcing laws against deceptive advertising and product labeling regulations?
A. Consumer Product Safety Commission
B. Federal Trade Commission
C. Federal Communications Commission
D. Food and Drug Administration
______ 9. Marketers will sometimes align themselves with organizations that seek to support a particular cause (i.e. breast cancer research). This is called:
transformative research
social media
cause marketing
market development
______ 10. A ‘triple bottom-line’ orientation refers to business strategies that strive to maximize return in three ways: financial, social and __________.
political
economical
industrial
environmental
7. Social Responsibility.6. Business Ethics. 7. To facilitate the sale of assorted goods and services. 8.Federal Trade Commission (B). 9.Cause marketing. 10.Environmental
Generate interest, and persuade consumers to make a purchase. It involves various strategies and tactics to effectively reach and engage target audiences, build brand recognition, and ultimately drive sales. By understanding consumer needs and preferences, businesses can tailor their marketing efforts to meet those needs and position their products or services in a way that resonates with consumers. 8. The regulatory agency responsible for enforcing laws against deceptive advertising and product labeling regulations is the Federal Trade Commission (B). The FTC is tasked with protecting consumers from unfair and deceptive practices in the marketplace. It monitors and investigates false advertising claims, ensures proper product labeling, and takes legal action against companies that violate regulations. Its role is crucial in maintaining transparency and trust between businesses and consumers.
9. When marketers align themselves with organizations to support a particular cause, it is called cause marketing. Cause marketing involves establishing partnerships or collaborations with nonprofit organizations or social causes to create mutually beneficial outcomes. By associating their brand with a cause, marketers aim to generate positive brand perception, enhance reputation, and demonstrate social responsibility. Cause marketing campaigns often involve supporting charitable initiatives, raising awareness, or donating a portion of proceeds to the cause. It allows businesses to contribute to social good while also enhancing their brand image and connecting with consumers on a deeper level.
10. A 'triple bottom-line' orientation refers to business strategies that strive to maximize return in three ways: financial, social, and environmental. In addition to financial profitability, businesses with a triple bottom-line approach also consider their social and environmental impacts. They aim to create value not only for shareholders but also for stakeholders such as employees, customers, communities, and the environment. By incorporating social and environmental considerations into their decision-making processes and practices, organizations can contribute to sustainable development, ethical business practices, and long-term success. This approach recognizes the interconnectedness of economic, social, and environmental factors and promotes a more holistic and responsible approach to business.
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New York Pizza and Chicago Pizza are the only two pizza
restaurants in a small town. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, they
face the same decision as most other restaurants: offer dine-in
meals or cont
New York Pizza and Chicago Pizza are the only two pizza restaurants in a small town. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, they face the same decision as most other restaurants, that are offer dine-in meals or contactless delivery services.
With COVID-19 in play, there is a high possibility that customers may not be comfortable with dining in and would prefer take-out options. Thus, New York Pizza and Chicago Pizza may need to prioritize safety, sanitation, and customer satisfaction. Implementing strict safety measures like wearing masks, social distancing, and regular sanitation will keep the restaurants open, even in the midst of the pandemic.
Finally, restaurants need to adjust to the new normal. Thus, they must be open to new technologies and delivery platforms to serve customers efficiently and keep up with competitors. So therefore To keep their businesses afloat, they may need to adopt the second option, or provide an option for both dine-in and take-out orders.
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"Blank 1: 14.25%, 15.00%, 13.50%, or 15.75%
Blank 2: $1.20, $1.50, $1.58, $1.27, or $1.35
Blank 3: 21% and $2.10, 22.05% and $2.00, 19.95% and $1.89, or
23.10% and $2.21
Blank 4: increase or decrease
The impact of financial leverage on return on equity and earnings per share Consider the following case of Lost Pigeon Aviation: Suppose Lost Pigeon Aviation is considering a project that will require"
Lost Pigeon Aviation is considering a project requiring $200,000. If financed with 100% equity, the return on equity (ROE) will be X, and earnings per share (EPS) will be Y. Alternatively, with 50% debt and 50% equity, ROE and EPS will be Z.
Lost Pigeon Aviation is evaluating a project with $200,000 in asset requirements. If the project is financed solely with equity capital, the company's ROE will be calculated as the earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) divided by the common equity outstanding. In this case, with $40,000 in EBIT and 20,000 shares outstanding, the ROE will be a certain percentage. Additionally, the earnings per share (EPS) will be determined by dividing the EBIT minus taxes by the number of outstanding shares.
Alternatively, the CFO is considering a financing mix of 50% debt and 50% equity. With an interest rate of 12% on the debt, the ROE and EPS calculations will differ. The equity portion will be reduced to 10,000 shares, and the interest expense will be deducted from the EBIT to calculate net income before taxes. After applying the 25% tax rate, the net income will be divided by the reduced number of outstanding shares to determine the EPS. The ROE will reflect the profitability of the project with the altered capital structure.
Typically, using financial leverage, such as debt, increases a project's expected ROE. By incorporating debt into the financing mix, companies can amplify their returns if the project generates higher profits than the cost of borrowing. However, it also increases the risk due to interest payments and the potential impact on earnings.
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complete question: The impact of financial leverage on return on equity and earnings per share Consider the following case of Lost Pigeon Aviation: Suppose Lost Pigeon Aviation is considering a project that will require $200,000 in assets. - The company is small, so it is exempt from the interest deduction limitation under the new tax law. - The project is expected to produce earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) of $40,000. - Common equity outstanding will be 20,000 shares. - The company incurs a tax rate of 25%. If the project is financed using 100% equity capital, then Lost Pigeon Aviation's return on equity (ROE) on the project will be addition, Lost Pigeon's earnings per share (EPS) will be Alternatively, Lost Pigeon Aviation's CFO is also considering financing the project with 50% debt and 50% equity capital. The interest rate on the company's debt will be 12%. Because the company will finance only 50% of the project with equity, it will have only 10,000 shares outstanding. Lost Pigeon Aviation's ROE and the company's EPS will be if management decides to finance the wroject 50% debt and 50% equity. Typically, using financial leverage will a project's expected ROE.
Outline the steps involved in shorting a stock. Does the payoff diagram of this trade
resemble the payoff diagram of a short forward position or a long forward position?
Briefly explain.
The payoff diagram of a short stock position resembles the payoff diagram of a short forward position. Both positions have unlimited potential losses price the underlying asset rise indefinitely
Shorting a stock involves the following steps:
1. Identify the stock: Choose the specific stock that you want to short. Research and analyze the stock to determine its potential decline in value.
2. Borrow the stock: Since short selling involves selling a stock you don't own, you need to borrow the shares from a broker or another investor. This usually involves a fee and an agreement to return the shares at a later date.
3. Sell the borrowed stock: Once you have borrowed the shares, you sell them in the market at the current market price. The proceeds from the sale are held as collateral.
4. Monitor the stock price: Keep track of the stock's performance as you are now exposed to its price movements. If the stock price decreases, you can buy it back at a lower price to close the short position.
5. Close the position: To close your short position, you need to buy back the same number of shares you initially borrowed and sold. This is known as covering the short position. Ideally, you buy back the shares at a lower price than you sold them for, resulting in a profit.
As the price of the stock or underlying asset decreases, the profit increases. However, the short stock position does not have a limited profit potential like a long forward position, which has a defined maximum profit when the price of the underlying asset rises.
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Shorting a stock involves borrowing shares from a broker and selling them in the open market with the expectation that the stock's price will decrease.
The steps involved in shorting a stock are as follows:
1. Identify the stock: Choose a specific stock that you believe will decrease in value.
2. Borrow the stock: Contact a broker to borrow the desired number of shares of the selected stock. The broker will lend you the shares for a specified period.
3. Sell the borrowed shares: Sell the borrowed shares in the open market at the current market price. You receive the proceeds from the sale.
4. Monitor the stock price: Keep an eye on the stock's price. If the price decreases as anticipated, you can profit from the trade.
5. Buy back the shares: Once the stock's price has dropped to the desired level, buy back the same number of shares in the market at the new lower price.
6. Return the borrowed shares: Return the shares to the broker by the specified deadline. This completes the shorting process.
The payoff diagram of a short stock position resembles the payoff diagram of a short forward position. In both cases, the profit increases as the price of the underlying asset decreases. In a short stock position, the potential profit is unlimited as the stock price can theoretically decrease to zero. Conversely, the potential loss in a short stock position is unlimited as the stock price can theoretically increase indefinitely.
In a short forward position, the payoff diagram is similar to that of a short stock position. The potential profit increases as the price of the underlying asset decreases, while the potential loss is unlimited if the price increases significantly. The key difference is that a short forward position involves a contract to sell the asset at a specified price on a future date, whereas shorting a stock involves borrowing and selling the actual shares in the market.
In summary, shorting a stock involves borrowing and selling shares with the expectation that their price will decrease. The payoff diagram of a short stock position resembles the payoff diagram of a short forward position, both of which exhibit unlimited profit potential and unlimited loss potential.
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Question:
Discuss the difference between islamic banking and conventional banking.
Aso give brief argument in favour or against the profit sharing policy of bank.
Note: Briefly give answer and donot give answer in handwritten form.
Islamic banking and conventional banking differ in principles and practices. Islamic banking follows Shariah law, prohibiting interest and promoting ethical transactions, while conventional banking allows interest-based transactions.
Islamic banks use profit-sharing or fee-based models, while conventional banks rely on interest-based lending.
Islamic banking emphasizes risk and reward sharing, while conventional banking guarantees fixed interest. Islamic banking considers ethical considerations, avoiding prohibited sectors.
Arguments in favor of profit-sharing include fairness and long-term relationships, while arguments against it mention uncertainty and complexity.
Evaluating profit-sharing policies should consider cultural, regulatory, and individual preferences.
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The exchange rate 110 JPY / USD in New York, USA is a/an: indirect quote direct quote In the quote, EUR 0.7353 - 75 / USD, EUR 0.7375 is the: bid rate ask rate
a)The exchange rate 110 JPY/USD in New York, USA is a direct quote.
In the quote EUR 0.7353 - 0.7375 / USD, EUR 0.7375 is the ask rate.In the given exchange rate, 110 JPY / USD in New York, USA, it is a direct quote.
direct quote expresses the amount of the domestic currency required to buy one unit of the foreign currency. In this case, it means that it takes 110 Japanese Yen (JPY) to buy 1 US Dollar (USD).
Regarding the quote "EUR 0.7353 - 75 / USD," EUR 0.7375 is the ask rate. The ask rate represents the price at which the market is willing to sell the base currency (EUR in this case) in exchange for the quote currency (USD). It indicates the price that the buyer needs to pay to acquire one unit of the base currency.
The bid rate, on the other hand, refers to the price at which the market is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the quote currency. However, the given quote does not provide the bid rate information.
In summary, the exchange rate 110 JPY / USD is a direct quote, and in the quote "EUR 0.7353 - 75 / USD," EUR 0.7375 represents the ask rate.
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From the following list select two (2) companies and discuss the
firms’ basis for pricing. • Verizon • Samsung • Dell • JC Penny •
Costco • Dillard’s
Verizon and Costco have different basis for pricing. Verizon's pricing is primarily based on the services and plans they offer, taking into account factors such as data usage, voice minutes, and device subsidies.
Verizon, as a telecommunications company, bases its pricing on the services it provides to its customers. They offer various plans and packages that cater to different needs and preferences, such as unlimited data, shared data, and prepaid options. Verizon takes into account factors like data usage, voice minutes, and the cost of device subsidies when determining their prices. They also consider market competition and consumer demand in setting their pricing strategies.
In contrast, Costco operates as a membership-based warehouse retailer. Their pricing strategy is built on providing competitive prices for a vast array of products. Costco leverages its bulk purchasing power and operational efficiencies to negotiate lower prices from suppliers. They then pass on these savings to their members, offering them products at lower prices compared to traditional retailers. Costco aims to provide value and cost savings to its members, which is a fundamental aspect of their pricing approach.
Overall, Verizon's pricing is primarily influenced by the services and plans they offer, while Costco focuses on providing competitive prices through its buying power and operational efficiencies.
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