Property rights protect businesses by preventing competitors from copying their products. Thus, option D is correct.
What is a Property right?Property rights are frequently defined as the ability to keep something, like land or a car, and get rid of it whenever one pleases. This, therefore, is but one component of private property than emphasizes the sole right to possession.
There are only three ways to safeguard intellectual property: through patents, registrations, or rights. A patent protects a given product design, a service mark a word, phrase, or pattern, and even a copyright protects a piece of writing.
This will give them an added benefit when it comes to the product. Also, this will help in earning more profit or revenue as they will be the only person who will be responsible for selling that kind of product.
Therefore, option D is the correct option.
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Which of the following employees is most likely to be a hub? Multiple Choice Before his next project starts, Joseph wants his boss to explain the rewards for a good job. Lila values efficiency and precision in coworkers. Magdala tries hard to give everyone credit for their contributions. Khadija urges her team to be flexible and to consider all available options. Robert's coworkers see him as rigid and nit-picky.
Answer:
Khadija urges her team to be flexible and to consider all available options.
Explanation:
HUB which is an acronym of Historically Underutilized Business, is a form of business ventures or arrangement, whereby more than fifty percent is owned and control by a minority. For example, a woman, non-white Americans, etc, amongst others.
Hence, in this case, from the available options, Khadija is a female, and unlike Lila, she has a team of her own. This implies she is a leader and could be the owner or owned more than fifty percent in the company's ownership.
Therefore, the right answer is "Khadija urges her team to be flexible and to consider all available options."
Which of these are considered rewards of practicing management? Building a catalog of successful products or services Becoming a mentor and helping others Experiencing decreased discretion over the work that you do Experiencing a feeling of accomplishment along with your employees Magnifying your range and stretching your abilities
Answer:
The rewards of practicing management include:
a. Building a catalog of successful products or services
b. Becoming a mentor and helping others
c. Experiencing a feeling of accomplishment along with your employees
d. Magnifying your range and stretching your abilities
Explanation:
When management is truly practiced, the rewards are usually great. The rewards cannot be quantified by what one person has accomplished, because it has some multiplier effects. Organizational efficiency is also improved. For those in management, they will gain much experience which they can easily pass to others through mentoring and coaching. With their employees, they will also feel a sense of having accomplished something meaningful. Management also gives one the ability to go beyond one's natural range, stretching the person's abilities, and enabling her to attain better outcomes than initially imagined.
Henrique Correa's bakery prepares all its cakes between 4 A.M.and 6 A.M.so they will be fresh when customers arrive. Day-old cakes are virtually always sold, but at a 50% discount off the regular $ price. The cost of baking a cake is $, and demand is estimated to be normally distributed, with a mean of and a standard deviation of . What is the optimal stocking level? Refer to the standard normal tableLOADING... for z-values. The optimal stocking level for the bakery is nothing cakes (round your response to the nearest whole number).
Answer:
27
Explanation:
The computation of the optimal stocking level for the bakery is shown below:
Given that
Cost = c = $7
Selling price = p = $ 10
salvage value = s = $ 5
Mean = 25
Standard deviation = [tex]\sigma[/tex]= 8
Now based on the above information
underage cost = Cu = p-c = $10 - $7 = $3
And,
overage cost = Co = c-s = $7 - $5 = $2
So,
[tex]\frac{P\leq C_{u}}{(C_{u}+C_{o})}\\\\\frac{P\leq3}{(3+2)}[/tex]
= 0.6
Now use normsinv() function in excel
So,
The Z value for the probability 0.6 is 0.2533
Now finally
The optimal stocking level is
[tex]=\mu +z\sigma[/tex]
= 25 + 0.2533 × 8
= 27.02
= 27
Documents issued by the FASB include all of the following except:________.a. Statements of Financial Accounting Standards.b. Interpretations of Statements of Financial Accounting Standards.c. Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts.d. Financial Reporting Releases.
Answer: Financial Reporting Releases
Explanation:
The Financial Accounting Standards Board is a body that was set up in order to create and also improve the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles that are within the United States so as to be beneficial to the public.
Documents issued by the FASB include • Statements of Financial Accounting Standards
• Interpretations of Statements of Financial Accounting Standards.
• Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts.
Therefore, the Financial Reporting Releases isn't among the documents issued.
Consider a newly issued TIPS bond with a 3-year maturity, par value of $1,000, and coupon rate of 4.00%. Assume annual coupon payments.
Time Inflation in
Year Just Ended Par Value Coupon Payment + Principal Repayment = Total Payment
0 $ 1,000.00
1 2.0% $ 1,020.00 $ 40.80 0 $ 40.80
2 1.0 % $ 1,030.20 $ 41.21 0 $ 41.21
3 3.0 % $ 1,061.11 $ 42.44 $ 1,061.11 $ 1,103.55
What is the nominal rate of return on the TIPS bond in the first year?
a. 3.00%
b. 4.08%
c. 6.08%
d. 6.00%
Answer: c. 6.08%
Explanation:
The return for the first year is given as;
= Coupon payment / Par Value
= 40.80/ 1,000
= 4.08%
TIPS are inflation protected securities so this return is the real return. Nominal return is;
= Real return + inflation
= 4.08% + 2.0%
= 6.08%
Match each of the numbered descriptions with the principle or assumption it best reflects. Enter the letter for the appropriate principle or assumption in the blank space next to each description.
A. Cost principle
B. Matching principle
C. Specific accounting principle
D. Full disclosure principle
E. General accounting principle
F. Business entity assumption
G. Revenue recognition principle
H. Going-concern assumption
1. Revenue is recorded only when the earnings process is complete.
2. Information is based on actual costs incurred in transactions.
3. Usually created by a pronouncement from an authoritative body.
4. Financial statements reflect the assumption that the business continues operating.
5. A company reports details behind financial statements that would impact users’ decisions.
6. A company records the expenses incurred to generate the revenues reported.
7. Derived from long-used and generally accepted accounting practices.
8. Every business is accounted for separately from its owner or owners.
Answer:
1 with G = Revenue Recognition Principle
2 with A = Cost principle
3 with C = Specific Accounting Principle
4 with H = Going concern assumption
5 with D = Full Disclosure Principle
6 with B = Matching Principle
7 with E = General Accounting Principle
8 with F = Business Entity Assumption
Explanation:
Revenue shall be recognised as at the time that their is 100% certain that the risk and reward associated is transferred to the customer. = Revenue Recognition Principle.
Cost Principle assumes to record transactions at its cost and not the market value.
Specific Accounting Principle is made with specific orders for specific industry.
Going concern assumption assumes that the business with continue to an infinite period of time and it will not end.
Full Disclosure principle requires to disclose all the material facts about business whether the effect is currently disclosed in financial statements or not.
Matching principle requires to record expense for each revenue earned.
General Accounting Assumption is old and applicable on all the businesses and industry.
Business Entity Assumptions assumes for business calculations that the owners are different from their business, and both are two separate identities.
In Pro-self or egoistic orientation: primary concern is not with personal outcomes.A. TrueB. False
Answer:
B, False
Explanation:
In terms of philosophy, the egoistic refer to a theory in which one should be in a motivation and the objective of its own actions. There is a difference between the egoism and egotism. Egotism refer to an over and above valuation of own importance or own activities
Here it deals with the main concern that what one can demand for and it is towards for the self alone that is not relevant to make uncomfortable for others
Therefore the given statement is false
The Cheyenne Hotel in Big Sky, Montana, has accumulated records of the total electrical costs of the hotel and the number of occupancy-days over the last year. An occupancy-day represents a room rented out for one day. The hotel's business is highly seasonal, with peaks occurring during the ski season and in the summer. Month Occupancy- Days Electrical Costs January 3,030 $ 9,044 February 3,080 $ 9,234 March 3,980 $ 11,913 April 1,630 $ 6,194 May 1,270 $ 4,826 June 2,110 $ 8,018 July 650 $ 2,470 August 3,690 $ 11,552 September 1,960 $ 7,448 October 4,410 $ 12,998 November 1,600 $ 6,080 December 2,230 $ 8,474 Required: 1. Using the high-low method, estimate the fixed cost of electricity per month and the variable cost of electricity per occupancy-day. (Do not round your intermediate calculations. Round your Variable cost answer to 2 decimal places and Fixed cost element answer to nearest whole dollar amount) 2. What other factors other than occupancy-days are likely to affect the variation in electrical costs from month to month
Answer:
1.Occupancy days $3,760
Electrical costs $10,528
Variable cost=2.80
Fixed cost=$650
2. Seasonal factors
Systematic factors
Number of days
Explanation:
1.Calculation using high and low method for both Occupancy days and Electricity cost
Occupancy Electrical
Days Costs
High activity level 4,410 12,998
Low activity level 650 2,470
Change 3,760 10,528
Calculation for Variable cost of electricity per occupancy-day.
Using this formula
Variable cost= Electricity cost/Occupancy days
Let plug in the formula
Variable cost=10,528/3,760
Variable cost=2.80
Calculation for Fixed cost of electricity per month
Fixed cost=2,470-(650*2.80)
Fixed cost=2,470-1,820
Fixed cost=$650
2. Factors that are likely to affect the variation in electrical costs from month to month will include the following:
Seasonal factors
Systematic factors
Number of days
Seasonal factors can either be winter or summer.
Systematic factors include either having guests, To switch off fans as well as lights.
Number of days are days that are present in a month.
Computerland is a small country which produces three goods: desktops, laptops, and tablets. The prices and quantities for three consecutive years are as follows. 2012 2013 2014 Price Quantity Price Quantity Price Quantity Desktops 10 20 10 18 12 24 Laptops 10 50 9 40 12 60 Tablets 5 50 5 45 8 55 Suppose 2013 is the base year. What is the percentage growth of real GDP from 2013 to 2014
Answer:
37.9%
Explanation:
Please find attached a clear image of the table used in answering this question
Gross domestic product is the total sum of final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year.
Real GDP is GDP calculated using base year prices. Real GDP has been adjusted for inflation.
Real GDP in 2013 = (10 X 18) + (9 x 40) + (5 x 45) = 180 + 360 + 225 = 765
Real GDP in 2014 = (10 X 24) + (9 x 60) + (5 x 55) = 240 + 540 + 275 =1055
Percentage growth rate in real GDP = (1055 / 765 ) - 1 = 0.379 = 37.9%
Select the correct answer.
Which word correctly completes this sentence?
Prefiero ___ camisas que están en la mesa.
A.
esos
B.
eso
C.
esas
D.
ésos
Answer:
C. esas
Explanation:
The Spanish Language use both gender and quantity in their pronouns
Thus as Shirt is considered female we neeed to use a female pronoun
The stress is on the next to last syllable therefore: It doesn't have a written accent
as it ends in "s" and their grammar states:
/n /s /vowels do not have the accent written when the stress is on the next to last syllable
The following balances are from the accounts of Tappan Parts: January 1 (Beginning) December 31 (Ending) Direct materials inventory $ 21,800 $ 24,600 Work-in-process inventory 32,300 29,200 Finished goods inventory 5,500 6,500 Direct materials used during the year amount to $46,000 and the cost of goods sold for the year was $52,700. Required: Prepare a cost of goods sold statement.
Answer:
Tappan Parts:
Cost of goods sold statement:
Beginning inventory:
Direct materials $21,800
WIP 32,300
Finished goods 5,500
Total $59,600
Purchases of materials 53,400
Available $113,000
less Ending inventory:
Direct materials $24,600
WIP 29,200
Finished goods 6,500
Total $60,300
Cost of goods sold $52,700
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
January 1 (Beginning) December 31 (Ending)
Direct materials inventory $ 21,800 $ 24,600
Work-in-process inventory 32,300 29,200
Finished goods inventory 5,500 6,500
Direct materials used during the year amount to $46,000 and the cost of goods sold for the year was $52,700
b) The missing figure in the above statement is the purchases of raw materials. This is determined by adding the cost of goods sold to the ending inventory of raw materials, work in process, and finished goods. This gives the cost of raw materials, WIP, and finished goods available for sale. Then the beginning inventories of raw materials, WIP, and finished goods are deducted to obtain the amount of purchases of materials made during the period.
Skippers Landing sells boats and provides mooring facilities for its customers. Skippers Landing sells the boats for $60,000 each and provides mooring facilities for $10,000 per year. It concludes that the goods and services are distinct and accounts for them as separate performance obligations. Skippers Landing enters into a contract to sell a boat and one year of mooring services to a customer for $65,000. Required: How should Skippers Landing allocate the transaction price of $65,000 to the performance obligations
Answer:
Skippers Landing should allocate the transaction price of $65,000 to the performance obligations as follows:
Boat = $60,000/$70,000 x $65,000 = $55,714
Mooring facilities = $10,000/$70,000 x $65,000 = $9,286
Explanation:
To apply "IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers," Skipper Landing will allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation for each boat and mooring facilities sold based on the proportion of the relative stand-alone selling prices of each boat and mooring facilities sold to the customer in the transaction.
Economists look at any situation in terms of its component parts: the people making decisions, the environment in which they're making those decisions, and the goods or services being exchanged. For example, think about a wedding celebration. Which of the following wedding-related items are services? Check all that apply. Having a wedding gown altered The food at the reception Flowers for a wedding reception Getting your hair done for a wedding
Answer:
Having a wedding gown altered
Getting your hair done for a wedding
Explanation:
A service is rendered when there is no exchange of physical goods between the buyer and seller
When a wedding gown is altered and when my hair is done, there is no exchange of a physical good
Who would qualify as a disinterested third party in a transaction?
Answer: An escrow agent
Explanation:
An escrow agent would qualify as a disinterested third party in a transaction. An escrow agent is simply an individual or an entity which holds property for third parties while there is a disagreement that us being resolved or when a transaction is finalized. The role of an escrow agent is usually played by an attorney.
Does selling a product at below cost make business sense?
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Seeling a product at below cost means that a company sells a product with a price that is lower than its manufacturing cost and in certain situations it makes business sense to do it when customers buy the product and then, will need to buy accesories or complimentary products over time which will allow to make profit from the other products.
You are the manager of a firm that receives revenues of $50,000 per year from product X and $90,000 per year from product Y. The own price elasticity of demand for product X is -3, and the cross-price elasticity of demand between product Y and X is 1.6. How much will your firm's total revenues (revenues from both products) change if you increase the price of good X by 2 percent
Answer:
$-120
Explanation:
Own Price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price of the good.
Price elasticity of demand = percentage change in quantity demanded / percentage change in price
-3 = percentage change in quantity demanded / 2%
percentage change in quantity demanded = --3 x 2% = -6%
The quantity demanded of good X would fall by 6%
Revenue would change by -0.06 x $50,000 = -$3000
Cross price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded of good Y to changes in price of good X.
1.6 = percentage change in quantity demanded of good Y / 2%
percentage change in quantity demanded of good Y = 1.6 x 2% = 3.2%
The quantity demanded of good Y would increase by 3.2%
Revenue would change by 0.032 x $90,000 = $2880
Total change = -$3000 + $2880 =-$120
A 4-year project has an annual operating cash flow of $51,000. At the beginning of the project, $4,200 in net working capital was required, which will be recovered at the end of the project. The firm also spent $22,300 on equipment to start the project. This equipment will have a book value of $4,620 at the end of the project, but can be sold for $5,640. The tax rate is 40 percent. What is the Year 4 cash flow
Answer: $60,432
Explanation:
The equipment can be sold for $5,640 yet the book value is $4,620. The gain is therefore;
= 5,640 - 4,620
= $1,020
After tax cashflow from sale
= Sales price - tax on gain
= 5,640 - (1,020 * 40%)
= $5,232
Cash-flow in 4th year = Annual Cash flow + after-tax cash-flow from sales + net working capital recovered
= 51,000 + 5,232 + 4,200
= $60,432
Erkkila Inc. reports that at an activity level of 7,100 machine-hours in a month, its total variable inspection cost is $424,730 and its total fixed inspection cost is $183,446. What would be the average fixed inspection cost per activity unit at an activity level of 7,400 machine-hours in a month
Answer:
Average fixed cost per unit= $24.79
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
The total fixed inspection cost is $183,446.
Activity units= 7,400 machine-hours
To calculate the average fixed inspection cost, we have to divide the total fixed inspection cost by the actual number of activity units.
Average fixed cost per unit= 183,446/7,400
Average fixed cost per unit= $24.79
In November and December 2020, Crane Company, a newly organized magazine publisher, received $79200 for 1,000 three-year subscriptions at $26 per year, starting with the January 2021 issue. Crane included the entire $79200 in its 2020 income tax return. What amount should Crane report in its 2020 income statement for subscriptions revenue
Answer:
Crane should report $26,400 as subscription revenue in Income Statement
Explanation:
Amount received towards Subscription = $79,200 for 3 years
Subscription revenue to be recognized in Income Statement of 2020 =
= $79,200 / 3
= $26,400
Ecstasy Pharmaceuticals faces fixed costs of $1 million with manufacturing its new drug. The company sells the drug in bottles of 50 pills for $10. The company estimates that it must sell 200,000 bottles to break even. What is the total cost to produce a bottle of 50 pills
Answer:
The cost of producing one bottle is $10 .
Explanation:
The fixed costs of making the drug = $1 million
The selling price of the 50 pills bottles = $10
Total number of bottles sold at breakeven =200000
Total revenue from the sale of bottle = $10 × 200000
Total revenue from the sale of bottle = $2000000
Since at breakeven point the total revenue is equal to total cost. So, total cost of producing the 200000 bottles is $2000000.
Thus, the cost of producing one bottle = $2000000 / 200000 = $10
"A customer who has signed an arbitration agreement at account opening has a dispute with a representative that he wishes to settle under FINRA’s procedures without being subject to a binding decision. The customer should use the:"
Answer:
The customer should use the:
Non-binding arbitration
Explanation:
This non-binding arbitration will enable the two disputing parties to be advised on the best possible solution to their disagreement. However, since the arbitration is non-binding and merely advisory, the two parties are not bound by the decisions of the arbitrator unless they each agree to abide with the settlement. On the other hand, if the arbitration is binding, then the decision of the arbitrator is final.
After these closing entries what will be the balance in the retained earnings account? Total Revenues $ 125,000 Total Expenses 60,000 Retained Earnings (beginning) 130,000 Dividends 15,000
Answer:
$10,000
Explanation:
Given the data above,
School band members need to raise money for new uniforms. Some members want to sell energy drinks at a football game, but others want to organize a car wash in the school parking lot. Based on economics, what would be most influential in making the decision?
the labor needed
the consumer demand
the capital needed
the value of the resources
Answer:
The most influential in making the crucial decision is:
the consumer demand
Explanation:
Before the School Band members finalize on their decision about selling energy drinks and organizing a car wash, they will need to assess the demand for their product or service. This is critical because without effective demand, supply would be met with negative reactions which will not produce good results, no matter the decision taken.
Answer:
D: the value of the resources
Explanation:
Just took the test^_^
The market value of the equity of Hudgins, Inc., is $594,000. The balance sheet shows $33,000 in cash and $204,000 in debt, while the income statement has EBIT of $105,000 and a total of $149,000 in depreciation and amortization. What is the enterprise value-EBITDA multiple for this company
Answer:
3.01 times
Explanation:
Calculation for the enterprise value-EBITDA multiple for this company
First step is to calculate for the enterprise value using this formula
Enterprise value = Market capitalization + Debt−Cash
Let plug in the formula
Enterprise value = $594,000 + 204,000−33,000
Enterprise value = $765,000
Second step is find the EBITDA using this formula
EBITDA = EBIT + Depreciation and Amortization
Let plug in the formula
EBITDA = $105,000 + 149,000
EBITDA = $244,000
Third step is to calculate for the enterprise value-EBITDA multiple using this formula
Enterprise value-EBITDA multiple = Enterprise value /EBITDA
Let plug in the formula
Enterprise value-EBITDA multiple=$765,000 / $254,000
Enterprise value-EBITDA multiple = 3.01 times
Therefore the enterprise value-EBITDA multiple for this company will be 3.01 times
The following data pertains to Traverse Co.’s investments in marketable debt securities: Market value Cost 12/31/24 12/31/25 Trading $150,000 $155,000 $145,000 Available-for-sale 150,000 130,000 110,000 What amount should Traverse Co. report as unrealized holding loss to be included in 2025 Net Income?
Answer and Explanation:
The computation of the amount reports as unrealized holding loss is shown below:
The marketable securities should be reflected by considering the lower value of market value or cost therefore the trading cost would be decreased by $10,000 i.e.
= $155,000 - $145,000
= $10,000
While the available to sale value is also fall but does not reflected in the income statement it could be shown in the other comprehensive income
Cherokee Inc. is a merchandiser that provided the following information: Amount Number of units sold 14,000 Selling price per unit $ 17 Variable selling expense per unit $ 2 Variable administrative expense per unit $ 3 Total fixed selling expense $ 19,000 Total fixed administrative expense $ 15,000 Beginning merchandise inventory $ 10,000 Ending merchandise inventory $ 23,000 Merchandise purchases $ 86,000 Required: 1. Prepare a traditional income statement. 2. Prepare a contribution format income statement.
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
Traditional format income statement:
COGS= beginning finished inventory + cost of goods manufactured - ending finished inventory
COGS= 10,000 + 86,000 - 23,000
COGS= $73,000
Sales= 14,000*17= 238,000
COGS= (73,000)
Gross profit= 165,000
Total selling expense= (2*14,000 + 19,000)= (47,000)
Total administrative expense= (3*14,000 + 15,000)= (57,000)
Net operating income= 61,000
Contribution margin income statement:
Total variable cost= 73,000 + 14,000*2 + 14,000*3= 143,000
Sales= 14,000*17= 238,000
COGS= (143,000)
Gross profit= 95,000
Total fixed selling expense= (19,000)
Total fixed administrative expense= (15,000)
Net operating income= 61,000
Warrants exercisable at $20 each to obtain 79000 shares of common stock were outstanding during a period when the average market price of the common stock was $25. Application of the treasury stock method for the assumed exercise of these warrants in computing diluted earnings per share will increase the weighted average number of outstanding shares by
Answer:
$15,800
Explanation:
Calculation to compute diluted earnings per share
Using this formula
Diluted earnings per share=Shares of common stock- (Shares of common stock×Warrants exercisable ÷Average market price of the common stock )
Let plug in the formula
Diluted earnings per share=79,000-(79,000×$20÷$25)
Diluted earnings per share=79,000-$63,200
Diluted earnings per share=$15,800
Therefore $15,800 diluted earnings per share will increase the weighted average number of outstanding shares.
Maria's Food Service provides meals that nonprofit organizations distribute to handicapped and elderly people. The following is her forecasted income statement for April, when she expects to produce and sell 3,000 meals. Amount Per Unit Sales revenue $ 18,000 $ 6.00 Costs of meals produced 13,500 4.50 Gross profit $ 4,500 $ 1.50 Administrative costs 2,100 0.70 Operating profit $ 2,400 $ 0.80 Fixed costs included in this income statement are $4,500 for meal production and $600 for administrative costs. Maria has received a special request from an organization sponsoring a picnic to raise funds for the Special Olympics. This organization is willing to pay $3.50 per meal for 300 meals on April 10. Maria has sufficient idle capacity to fill this special order. These meals will incur all of the variable costs of meals produced, but variable administrative costs and total fixed costs will not be affected. Required: a. What impact would accepting this special order have on operating profit? (Select option "higher" or "lower", keeping Status Quo as the base. Select "none" if there is no effect.)
Answer:
See explanations below
Explanation:
Kind find attached solution. Please note that 3,300 units was used for the alternative.
The bookstore of a university would be considered:
A) A cost center.
B) A profit center.
C) An investment center.
D) A revenue center.
A university would be considered an investment center.
What is an investment center ?An investment center is a division of a company that can use capital to make a direct profit contribution. The terms "profit center" and "cost center" are some examples of parallelism that you can compare and contrast.
A company's various departments are divided into two categories: those that make money and those that don't. Cost centers, profit centers, and investment centers are the three different categories into which organizational departments are divided. A cost center is evaluated based on how much it spends and is focused on lowering costs.
The marketing and human resources departments are two examples of the departments that make up the cost center. A profit center's efforts to produce profits through more sales or lower expenses are assessed based on the amount of profit it generates. The manufacturing and sales departments are examples of units that are included in a profit center. Profit and cost centers can also include divisions, initiatives, teams, subsidiary businesses, production lines, or machinery in addition to departments.
Thus, the option c is correct.
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You are considering investing in a security that matures in 10 years with a par value of $1,000. During the first five years, the security has an 8 percent coupon with quarterly payments (i.e., you receive $20 a quarter for the first 20 quarters). During the remaining five years the security has a 10 percent coupon with quarterly payments (i.e., you receive $25 a quarter for the second 20 quarters). After 10 years (40 quarters) you receive the par value. Another 10-year bond has an 8 percent semiannual coupon (i.e., the coupon payment is $40 every six months). This bond is selling at its par value, $1,000. This bond has the same risk as the security you are thinking of purchasing. Given this information, what should be the price of the security you are considering purchasing
Answer:
$1,060.75
Explanation:
the yield to maturity of the second bond is to 4% semiannual or 8.16% effective annual rate.
so we have to calculate the quarterly interest rate that yields an effective annual rate of 8.16%:
0.0816 = (1 + i)⁴ - 1
1.0816 = (1 + i)⁴
⁴√1.0816 = ⁴√(1 + i)⁴
1.0198 = 1 + i
i = 0.019804 = 1.9804%
now we must discount the first bond using that effective interest rate:
PV of face value = $1,000 / (1 + 4%)²⁰ = $456.39
PV of first 20 coupon payments = $20 x 16.38304 (PV annuity factor, 1.9804%, 20 periods) = $327.66
now we must find the value of the last 20 coupon payments but at the end of year 5 = $25 x 16.38304 = $409.58. Then we calculate the PV = $409.58 / (1 + 4%)¹⁰ = $276.70
the bond's current market value = $456.39 + $327.66 + $276.70 = $1,060.75
