Start of Meiosis = 1 cell 1 pair of chromosomes
End of Meiosis 1 = 2 cells crossed over chromosome (combined genes 1 in each cell = 2)
End of Meiosis 2 = 4 cells, 1 chromatid in each (4)
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Why do calculations of recombination frequencies between loci that are far apart on chromosomes underestimate the true genetic distance between the loci?.
This is the complete question
A. Recombination frequencies cannot exceed 50% and asymptotically approach 50% as the distance between genes increases because only one crossover can occur per chromosome. B. As the distance between loci increases, some multiple crossovers go undetected such that the relationship between recombination frequency and map distance ceases to be linear. C.Loci that are far apart on a chromosome often recombine to produce combinations of alleles that result in a lethal phenotype and such recombinants are not recovered or identified. D. Loci that are far apart on a chromosome are often susceptible to a form of chromatic interference that results in reduced crossing over, and this interference does not occur for loci that are closer together. E. If two crossovers occur between two loci, then only nonrecombinant gametes are produced; therefore, recombination frequencies actually begin to decrease for more distant pairs of genes.
As the distance between loci increases, some multiple crossovers go undetected such that the relationship between recombination frequency and map distance ceases to be linear. Thus, option "B" is correct.
How, explain your answer briefly?When calculating recombination frequencies, and hence, map distances, we might notice that these distances are not completely additive. They might vary. For example, let us say that we have three genes, A, B, and C, in that order. We calculated that the distance between A and B equals 5.9 MU and that B and C are 19.5 MU apart. According to this, we might say that the total distance between A and C is 25.4 MU (5.9 + 19.5). However, after a two-point calculation between A and C, the value equals 23.7 MU.
The recombination frequency between these two genes located in the extremes and far apart underestimates the actual genetic distances between them because there might occur other crossing-overs that were not detected. This is when calculating the distance between A and C, we probably will not detect the occurrence of a double recombinant between them, and hence, we might sub-estimate the real distance.
The relationship between the actual map distance (number of crossing overs) and the recombination frequency between two loci, is not lineal. The farther apart are the two genes, the worse is the distance estimation.
Thus, option "B" is correct.
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Which of these statements is NOT true of the phylogenetic tree?
The statement that is not true of the phylogenetic tree is that it ranks organisms by importance in evolutionary history. option A
Features of the phylogenetic treeA phylogenetic tree is a diagram representing evolutionary relationships among organisms. It is also known as phylogenyPhylogenetic trees are hypothesesIt reflects how species or other groups evolved from a common ancestors.Hence, the statement that is not true of the phylogenetic tree is that it ranks organisms by importance in evolutionary history. option A
The complete question is:
Which of these statements is NOT true of the phylogenetic tree?
A. It ranks organisms by importance in evolutionary history.
B. It depicts an organism's lineage as it changes over time.
C. It shows successive events of speciation in which one species gives rise to two.
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What environmental impacts does green roofs and double window glazing have?
Answer:
A green roof can increase building efficiency and help reduce electricity costs.
Explanation:
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What does the author predict about the future of the Earth's mantle? Do you support his educated guess? Use complete sentences to answer.
Because this region is immune to human meddling, the earth's mantle won't change in the future.
What transpires in the mantle of the Earth?We can determine the Earth's topography thanks to the heat and material transport taking place in the mantle. Plate tectonics is shifted by mantle activity, which also causes earthquakes, volcanoes, seafloor spreading, and the formation of mountains.
Therefore, since this area is protected from human interference, we can draw the conclusion that the earth's mantle won't alter in the future.
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Which of these factors causes populations to compete?
A. Continuous migration
B. Low population densities
C. Limited resources
D. High death rates
Fossil evidence has been used to understand the movement of continental plates. The figure below shows where fossils of several species have been found. How would the range
modern organisms today compare to these species?
Answer:
The modern organisms would have more muscular bodies
Explanation:
Which function of the cell cycle is especially important to burn victims? growth of existing cells repair of existing cells protection of new cells reproduction of new cells
Reproduction of new cells are the function of the cell cycle is especially important to burn victims. Hence option d is correct.
What is reproduction?Reproduction is defined as birthing is the process by which a living thing produces offspring. To reproduce is to reproduce. It is a biological procedure by which an organism creates a physiologically identical progeny. Generation after generation, reproduction makes possible and ensures the survival of species.
The phases of the cell cycle are G1, S, G2, and mitosis. In gap 1, the cell expands in size and copies the DNA during the synthesis phase. The cell goes through preliminary modifications in the gap 2 phase. The real division takes place during the mitotic phase, when the cell multiplies and grows in quantity to replace the burned victim's old and dead cells. It encourages the wounded area's growth and healing.
Thus, reproduction of new cells are the function of the cell cycle is especially important to burn victims. Hence option d is correct.
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Two different bacterial samples, a and b, were inoculated onto sim media. What can you conclude based on your observations?
The conclusion that can be made here is that:
A is motileSpecimen A gave indoleSpecimen B does not hydrogen sulfide (H2S)Specimen B does not have indoleWhat is a sim media inoculation?This is a type of laboratory practical that isb used to see if organisms are motile through the use of single stabs.
An organism is motile when there is a radiation from the stab mark which makes the tube it is in to turn turbid.
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1.write the chemical equation for transpiration
2.what is translocation ??,give the chemical equation for translocation
plss help will mark brainlest..
Answer:
1
Explanation:
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium hydroxide solution With solid oxalic acid dihydrate. 2. Calculate the volume of 6M NaOH solution needed to prepare 0.5 L of 0.1M solution by dilution. 3. Calculate the molar mass of oxalic acid dihydrate (H2C2O4.2H2O). 4. Calculate the mass of oxalic acid dihydrate that would neutralize 30. mL of 0.10 M NaOH solution. 5. Name the primary standard used to standardize your base solution.
Only animals have prokartyotic cells:
True
False
Answer:
The answer is neither True nor False .Because:
The organisms which are prokaryotes(have prokaryotic cell) are only Kingdom Monera i.e Bacteria and blue green algae and all the remains i.e plants,animals,fungis,protists have eukaryotic cells.
Identify the type of chromosomal disorder described below.
Blank is known as trisomy 21 and impacts brain and body development.
Blank predominantly affects males and their fertility.
Blank predominantly affects females and can impact their growth.
Answer:
Down Syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
Explanation:
An immunocompromised host is one who shows a decrease in ______.
An immunocompromised host is one who shows a decrease in the ability to mount an immune defense to infection because the immune system is damaged and it is weak which can not fight infections.
What is immunocompromised host?An immunocompromised host refer to a person whose immune system is weak or damage and does not have tye ability to fight incoming infections.
Therefore, An immunocompromised host is one who shows a decrease in the ability to mount an immune defense to infection because the immune system is damaged and it is weak which can not fight infections.
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Which of the following molecules Carrie’s genetic information that determines the physical characteristics that organisms inherit?
DNA, the inheritable Material DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, is the inheritable material in your cells.
It was passed on to you from your parents and determines your characteristics. The discovery that DNA is the inheritable material was another important corner in molecular biology.For a patch to act as the inheritable material, it should have the following characteristics Be able of replication i.e. produce its own replica.It should be stable, structurally and chemically.It must have the compass for slow changes( mutations) to evolve. Be expressed in the form of ‘ Mendelian Characters ’.
Although DNA is the inheritable material in utmost organisms, in some contagions, RNA is the inheritable material. In fact, according to studies, RNA was the first inheritable material. But, since RNA is unstable, DNA evolved from RNA with chemical variations, making it more stable and more fit to carry inheritable information.
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An example of a wobble base is?
Answer:
The four main wobble base pairs which are:
guanine–uracil (G–U),hypoxanthine–uracil (I–U), hypoxanthine–adenine (I–A), hypoxanthine–cytosine (I–C).Choose any one of them.
which part of the microscope reflects light
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which part of the microscope reflects light?THE ANSWER IS MIRRORSWhy mirrors? bcs mirrors are sometimes used in lieu of a built-in light. If your microscope has a mirror, it is used to reflect light from an external light source up through the bottom of the stage. Nosepiece: This circular structure is where the different objective lenses are screwed in.Have a great day^^correct me if I’m wrong
How does dermal tissue help plants on a hot day?
It releases substances so plants can absorb more water from the soil.
It has a waxy material that prevents the loss of water to the environment.
It has guard cells that open to prevent the loss of water to the environment.
It contains chemical substances that allow plants to use water more quickly.
In which situation would new technology be most likely to cause a change in an existing theory about new structures a cell?
The new technology makes it possible to detect and analyze a structure more rapidly.
The new technology allows scientists to confirm the presence of an existing structure in a cell.
The new technology makes it possible to produce additional structures that were not previously there.
The new technology allows detection of a structure that could not be detected previously.
The situation that the new technology be most likely to cause a change in an existing theory about new structures of a cell is the new technology allows detection of a structure that could not be detected previously.
What is a technology?Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. Technology is used in the advancement of the worlds. New technologies help to solve many problems that were impossible before.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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The new technology allows detection of a structure that could not be detected previously. Thus, the correct option is D.
What are the benefits of technology?
Sales will probably improve as a result of technology that makes it simpler for people to buy from you, including an e-commerce solution and numerous payment apps. Marketing departments are forced to adapt the social media platforms that your clients and potential customers use since they are born and die on a monthly basis.
The tasks that HR departments perform for hiring, reviewing applicants, onboarding, and training involve a significant amount of technology. The more HR duties you can complete using technology, the quicker they can be completed and the less likely it is that you will make a mistake that could result in a lost recruit, an employee leaving, or a lawsuit. Employee education on topics like benefit enrollment and corporate policies, for instance, guarantees appropriate paperwork is done and cuts down on training time for new hires.
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1. Which of the following is true about eating?
Calcium is not very important.
It is not important to eat before you exercise.
Carbohydrates are not good for you.
It's important to eat the right kinds of food before you exercise.
Answer:
It's important to eat the right kinds of food before you exercise.
Explanation:
Since:
-Carbs help fuel your brain, kidneys, heart muscles, and central nervous system.
-Eating or drinking before exercise can improve workout performance and may allow you to work out for a longer time or at a higher intensity. If you don't eat, you might feel sluggish or lightheaded when you exercise.
-Calcium is a mineral most often associated with healthy bones and teeth, although it also plays an important role in blood clotting, helping muscles to contract, and regulating normal heart rhythms and nerve functions.
all the other options are false
therefore your answer is D
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describe 4 differences between a bactrial cell and a plant cell
Answer:
Genetic material, cell wall, photosynthesis, and ribosomes.
Extras: vacuole, flagella
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Regarding the factors of true labor: distortion of the myometrium increases the sensitivity of the skeletal muscle layers. the fetal pituitary releases oxytocin in response to estrogens. placental estrogens decrease the sensitivity of the muscle cells of the myometrium. maternal oxytocin release is inhibited by high estrogen levels.
Regarding the factors of true labor, the the fetal pituitary releases oxytocin in response to estrogens.
What is oxytocin?It should be noted that oxytocin means a hormone that is involved in childbirth. It is associated with trust and empathy.
In this case, regarding the the factors of true labor, the the fetal pituitary releases oxytocin in response to estrogens.
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from about 450 to 300 million years ago, ______ dominated earth's vegetation, and then about 300 million years ago, ______ began to become more prominent.
From about 450 to 300 million years ago, bryophytes dominated the earth's vegetation, and then about 300 million years ago, gymnosperms began to become more prominent.
Evolution of plantsAbout 450 to 300 million years ago, most of the plants as we currently have them are yet to evolve according to evolutionists.
Instead, seedless vascular plants such as bryophytes were around. Many years after, these seedless plants evolved into vascular plants with seeds that are not enclosed in fruits.
Vascular plants with seeds but without fruits are known as gymnosperms. Plants whose seeds are enclosed in fruits, angiosperms, evolved thereafter.
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why do the potato strip in pure water get bigger?
Answer:
The incoming water in the potato cells pushes on the cell walls and makes the cells bigger , that's how the strips of potato in pure water becomes bigger .
Control group is important for scientific study ? and why ?
1. When mRNA moves out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm it attachs to another RNA
called rRNA, a protein assembly site referred to
mRNA moves out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm and attaches to another RNA called rRNA, a protein assembly site referred to as the ribosome.
What is Ribosome?This is referred to an organelle which is responsible for protein synthesis in cells.
The mRNA is used as a template for the rRNA to attach at this point to aid in protein translation and production. rRNA ensures that the appropriate amino acids are added and also form part of the ribosome which are involved in catalysis of the reaction.
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An organ is a part of the body composed of two or more tissue types and is designed to perform at least one specific physiological function
How many layers does a muscle fascicle have connective tissues
A muscle fascicle have three layers of connective tissues.
What are connective tissues?Connective tissues are tissues which connects layers of organs or tissues together.
A muscle us a type of tissue.
A muscle fascicle have three layers of connective tissues called:
epimysium, perimysium, and endomysiumTherefore, a muscle fascicle have three layers of connective tissues.
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Can you think of a physiologic process that is not under the control of a homeostatic reflex system?.
Hair and nail growth are not homeostatically controlled. There is no miracle in using exuberance to handle these procedures. The disadvantage is that they can produce very long and interrupt normal activities.
Hair and nail growth are not homeostatic ally controlled. The disadvantage is that they can produce very long and interrupt normal activities.
What is homeostasis ?It is a physiological process where body to maintain the internal environment in response to changes in outer external environment.
Internal environment means the interstitial fluids while external environment refers to the environment in which organisms live.
Any fluctuation in homeostasis leads to death or a disease of an organism, called as homeostatic imbalance.
The diseases include diabetes, dehydration, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, gout etc.
The controlling factors of homeostasis are stimulus can be any physical, chemical or environmental factors leads to deviation of normal body’s environment
Receptor receives the stimulus and pass to the control center like neuron.
Regulator can control coordinator center receives and processes information from the receptor like Hypothalamus.
Effector can control commands from stimulus like Glands, muscles
Response refers to any reaction response to the stimulus.
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The ________ communicates with the lower bladder to enable excretion of urine from the body.
The urethra is an organ which communicates with the lower bladder in order to enable excretion of urine from the body of a living organism.
What is an excretory system?An excretory system refers to a living system that is saddled with the responsibility of removing waste products from the body of a living organism, so as to prevent damage to the body and help maintain homeostasis.
Based on scientific information, the urethra is an organ which communicates with the lower bladder in order to enable excretion of urine from the body of a living organism.
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What does integrin do?
Integrin acts as transmembrane linkers and mediates the interactions between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix.
What is Integrin?
They are proteins which possesses catalytic and structural functions in the body of organisms.
This is done through their ability to regulate different reactions which occur in cells.
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An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform _____ functions in a multicellular organism
Answer:
a certain functions
Explanation:
