Reviewing Vocabulary

Answer: 5 -There are 5 significant figures in 48.050. Count the number of significant figures. Non-zero digits, zeros found between two significant digits, and zeros following a significant digit in a decimal are significant.

Explanation:

The substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants.

They are the substances that are present at the start of the reaction and are transformed into different substances, known as products, during the reaction. The reactants are written on the left side of a chemical equation and the products are written on the right side.

In a chemical reaction,

Example:

In the reaction between hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2) to form water (H2O), the reactants are H2 and O2, and the product is H2O. This reaction can be represented by the equation: H2 + O2 -> H2O

In this equation, the reactants H2 and O2 are listed on the left side of the arrow and the product H2O is listed on the right side.

It is important to note that the number of atoms of each element on the reactants side and products side must be equal. This principle is called the law of conservation of mass.

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The given statement "scientists have reached a main milestone in learning how to reverse aging" is true because scientists have investigated that lifestyle interventions, such as proper and healthy diet, exercise and supplements can reverse aging.

Scientific studies reveal that lifestyle interventions, including diet, exercise, and supplements can reverse aging. For instance, in one of the studies, patients were put on a healthy diet, had to take particular supplements, and exercise. After 8 weeks of following this plan, their epigenetic age was reversed by almost two years.

Thus, the given statement correctly specifies that scientists have achieved a big milesotme to reduce or reverse aging.

"

Complete question

scientists have reached a key milestone in learning how to reverse aging

True

False

"

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A is a diastereomer of C and B, and C and B are enantiomers of A. B is a stereoisomer of D. Diastereomers are molecules having the same chemical structure and bonding arrangement.

Components, but they can't be combined. In every other way, enantiomers are identical chemically. When two enantiomers are dissolved molecules in a solution, we can distinguish between them based on which way polarized light rotates. Stereochemistry is the study of how molecules with the same chemical formula and atom-bonding order (constitution) can differ in terms of the three-dimensional spatial orientations of their atoms. This phenomenon is known as stereoisomerism, also referred to as spatial isomerism.

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Answer: The correct volumetric reading for the above measuring tube is 40.5 ml.

What are Significant Figures in Measurement?

Measured size numbers are not exact, as opposed to defined sizes or directly counted sizes. To measure the volume of liquid in a graduated cylinder, we need to read the bottom of the meniscus, the lowest point on the curved surface of the liquid.

We know there are three significant digits in graduated tube measurement . Two digits are reliable and one digit is uncertain.

Here in the above measurements the the reliable volume measurement is 40 ml and the uncertain digit is 5.

Hence, the correct answer is 40.5 ml.

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To extinguish or put off a small contained (non-spreading) fire, an efficient and easy way is to smother the contained fire with another container or equipment so that no oxygen can further react with the fire.

Safety methods and safety precautions are very crucial and important while performing an experiment or while doing some research work in a laboratory or in general whenever working with hazardous inflammable substances.

During any fire hazard, safety measures differ in forms and procedures relative to the intensity and spread of the fire.

While any major fire breakout, the initial/primary action should be getting yourself to safety first while pushing the fire alarm (if available) or informing the fire extinguishing team. To put off a huge fire by manual work yourself or smothering it, won't generally work in the situation.

For any minor fire hazard, as for a small contained fire, for an instance if a fire breaks out in a beaker, then the easiest way would be to smother the contained fire so as no more oxygen gas from the air can enter into the container. Gradually the oxygen (or any other fuel) present in the container would wear out or finish as it gets used and no more combustible substance would be present to help the fire to expand.

Therefore, using extinguisher, or water, or calling the instructor are not the better ways to extinguish a small contained fire.

Hence, Option D among the options is the correct answer to the question.

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A chemical with a mass composition of 76.6% carbon, 6.4 hydrogen, and 17.0% oxygen with a molar mass of 94.12 g/mol has the molecular formula C6H6O.

A substance with a mass percentage of 94% oxygen and 6% hydrogen has the empirical formula OH. It might seem that oxygen and hydrogen should be present in greater proportions in the empirical formula, but keep in mind that the percentages are based on the mass of the elements.

In a hydrocarbon, carbon makes up 92.3% of the mass and hydrogen makes up 7.7%. The compound's empirical formula will be revealed. HCHC5, HCHC3.

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Substance A is  liquid at room temperature and pressure, while substance B is  gas under the same conditions.Based on this observation, we can say that intermolecular attractions in substance A are stronger than those in substance B.

Intermolecular attractions  is a force by which atoms in a molecule  combine. it is basically an attractive force in nature.  It can act between an ion  and an atom as well.It varies for different  states  of matter that is solids, liquids and gases.

The forces of attraction are maximum in solids as  the molecules present in solid are tightly held while it is minimum in gases as the molecules are far apart . The forces of attraction in liquids is intermediate of solids and gases.

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For the solubility curve of saturated solution x, The weight of x will crystallizes out​ will be 16g.

When all of the solute has been dissolved, a solution is said to be saturated. In a saturated solution, no more solute may dissolve after a given temperature. We can make a saturated solution by attempting to dissolve the solute until further attempts are futile.

a mixture once the solvent has completely dissolved. Any extra solute will crystallize and sink to the bottom of the vessel.

When a solution reaches a given temperature, no more solute can be dissolved, it is said to be saturated. For instance, adding sodium chloride (NaCl) to water at room temperature results in the formation of a saturated solution.

At 80°C, we have 1000cm³ = 0.4mol/cm³

40°C = 0.3mol/cm³

hence, the loss in concentration = 0.1mol/cm³

= 0.1 x 160 = 16g

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Complete question -

Answer:

0.26

Explanation:

PV=nRT

n= PV/RT

n = (1*6.28)/(0.082*293)

n=0.26 moles

Decantation is a technique for separating immiscible liquids or soluble compounds from insoluble compounds in mixtures.

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An adjustable-volume micropipette with a range of 0.5-10 μL would be the most accurate for dispensing 125 μL of solution.

What is the micropipette ?

A micropipette is a precision instrument used to accurately measure and transfer very small volumes of liquid, typically between 0.5 µL and 10 mL. It is commonly used in laboratories to prepare samples for chemical analysis and in medical applications to dispense precise amounts of medication. The micropipette is composed of a plunger, a tip, and a cylinder. The plunger is used to draw liquid into the tip, and the cylinder is used to release the liquid. The micropipette is usually operated using a thumbwheel or a push button that controls the plunger. The tip of the micropipette is designed to fit a range of different sized microtubes, allowing for accurate and repeatable transfer of liquids. The micropipette can be calibrated for accuracy, making it an invaluable tool for laboratories that need precise measurements of liquids.

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Heisenberg's uncertainty principle states that the speed and position both cannot be known with perfect accuracy, the more we know about the position, the less we know about speed.

There are certain circumstances that explain that both the position and speed can be found out at the same time like in vehicles, but the uncertainty principle incorporates the uncertainties that are too small as compared to an ordinary object. And this principle is based on the wave duality of matter. It has a mathematical form of Δ x. ΔV≥[tex]\frac{h}{4 pi m}[/tex]

where V is representing velocity, x is representing position, h is the Planck constant and m is the mass of the object.

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If 123.7 g of potassium reacts with gold chloride, the amount of gold produced would be 208.79 grams.

Potassium metal reacts with gold chloride to produce potassium chloride and gold metal according to the following chemical reaction:

[tex]3K + AuCl_3 -- > 3KCl + Au[/tex]

Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass

123.7 g of potassium would be equivalent to: 123.7/39 = 3.17 mol

From the equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of potassium to gold is 3:1. Thus, the mole equivalent of the produced gold would be:

3.17/3 = 1.06 mol

Mass = mole x molar mass

1.06 mol of gold would be equivalent to: 1.06 x 196.97 = 208.79 grams

In other words, the amount of gold produced from the reaction of 123.7 g of potassium with gold chloride would be 208.79 grams.

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The chair structure I has the trans confirmation and the chair structure II has the cis confirmation.

A particular structure can have two isomers, namely, the cis and the trans isomers. The confirmation is said to be cis confirmation when both the substituents are facing in same axial or equatorial plane. The confirmation is said to be trans when both the substituents are facing in the opposite planes.

In the structure I, we can see that both the groups are facing in the opposite planes and hence the structure must have a trans confirmation. In structure two, the groups are in the same plane and hence the confirmation is a cis confirmation.

Hence, the correct option is  c. I = trans; II = cis.

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Following is the classification of monosaccharides as aldose or ketose and structures as the α or β form.

The main distinction between alpha and beta anomers is that the hydroxyl group at the anomeric carbon in the former is in cis to the exocyclic oxygen at the anomeric center, while the latter has the hydroxyl group in trans.

If the substituent off the anomeric center in a Fischer projection is on the same side as the configurational (D- or L-) carbon's oxygen, it is the —anomer. It is the -anomer if it is pointed in the other direction.

18.5

A) Ketose

B) Aldose

C) Ketose

D) Aldose

E) Aldose

18.11

A) α form:

B) β form:

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Answer: #1 deforestation

Explanation:

Sodium bicaronate's empirical and molecular formulas are both NaHCO3. The empirical formula for C2 H6 is CH3.

What does "structural formula" mean?

Chemical bonds connecting the atoms of a molecule are located in structural formulae. A structural formula is made up of symbols for the atoms joined by brief lines that stand in for chemical bonds. Single, double, and triple bonds are denoted by one, two, or three lines, respectively.

If we look at the molecular formula for NaHCO3, we can see that it has a molar ratio of 1:1:1:3 and that everything in this molar ratio results in a total mass of: 23g + 1g + 12g + 48g = 84g. Knowing that the molecular formula shows the total molar ratio of each element in a compound, while the empirical formula shows the simplest ratio of the elements present in a compound.

To determine the empirical formula of C2 H6 , you divide the molecular formula by a number that gives the smallest ratio of atoms. So, we divide C2 H6 by 2 to determine the empirical formula CH3. Structural formula in picture given.

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Answer:

Both and then Molecular

Explanation:

If this occurs, just redissolve the solute with more solvent because the chemical that crystallized out of solution owing to evaporation is unlikely to be pure. the solvent evaporates recrystallization .

while you are cooling your recrystallization.  Recrystallization is a physical process for purifying compounds depending on their solubility. The procedure is finished by heating the material to dissolve the chemical with impurities in a solvent combination. Recrystallization is a method used in chemistry to purify compounds. When a compound and impurities combination is dissolved in a suitable solvent, either the desired compound or the impurities can be extracted from the solution, leaving the other behind. It gets its name from the crystals that form when the chemical precipitates. Recrystallization can also refer to the natural formation of bigger ice crystals at the cost of smaller ones.

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Answer:

The current location of the North Magnetic Pole is in the Arctic Ocean, near the coast of northern Canada, specifically in the region of northern Quebec and Ellesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.

Explanation:

However, it's important to note that the North Magnetic Pole is not a fixed point on the Earth's surface, but it is instead constantly moving. The North Magnetic Pole is moving away from Canada and towards Siberia at a rate of about 55 km (34 miles) per year. This movement is caused by changes in the Earth's magnetic field and is known as the "wandering" of the magnetic poles. The exact location of the North Magnetic Pole can be determined by regular measurements and it is used as a reference point for navigation.

59.60grams particles of silver will be formed from 17.54 g copper, when Copper (II) reacts with Silver Nitrate. The equation is  Cu(s) + 2AgNO₃(aq) → Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2Ag(s).  

The term molar mass is defined as the mass in grams of one mole of the compound.

The equation is as follows:

Cu(s) + 2AgNO₃(aq) → Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2Ag(s).  

1mol of Cu will produce 2 mol Ag.

The molar mass of Cu = 63.5g/mol

The molar mass of Ag = 107.9g/mol

63.5g Cu will produce 2 × 107.9 = 215.8g of Ag

17.54g Cu will produce 17.54g Cu / 63.5gCu × 215.8g Ag

= 0.276 × 215.8

= 59.60grams of Ag produced.

Thus, 59.60grams particles of silver will be formed from 17.54 g copper, when Copper (II) reacts with Silver Nitrate.

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A) have lower melting points. Solid molecular compounds often have lower melting points than solid ionic ones. Chemical substances known as molecular compounds assume the shape of distinct molecules.

Molecular compounds are made up of separate molecules that are connected by sharing electrons (covalent bonding). Examples include water, which has molecules of H2O, methane, which has molecules of CH4, and hydrogen fluoride, which has molecules of HF. Ionic bonding will often be present in compounds when a metal is bound to either a non-metal or a semi-metal. Molecular compounds are those that include just non-metals or semi-metals combined with non-metals and exhibit covalent bonding. Nonmetals are used to create molecular (or covalent) compounds. Compound molecules are created when certain quantities of atoms from several elements combine. Water, ammonia, and carbon dioxide are among examples. Metals and nonmetals are used to create ionic compounds.

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Answer: Two atoms that have the same mass number must have the same number of protons and neutrons

Explanation: I hope this helps!

Weathering of rocks by chemicals called  the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earths surface.

What is meant by rocks?

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Hazard signs such as "Flammable," "Oxidizer," and "Corrosive" National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) diamond Gas Cylinder sign posted signs convey information about chemical storage.

Pictograms are pictorial symbols that are used to express particular information about a chemical's risks. OSHA mandates pictograms on principal labels to indicate chemical dangers. The exact OSHA danger categorization determines each pictogram(s). There are several forms of risks in the workplace, including chemical, ergonomic, physical, and psychological hazards, to mention a few. Dangerous situations. Employees who operate with machinery or on construction sites are more likely to be exposed to safety concerns.  Biological dangers. Biological dangers are exceedingly hazardous  Physical dangers Ergonomic risks Chemical risks Workload risks.

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Bonds between atoms having the same value of electronegativity in the bond, is called as the non-polar covalent bond.

A covalent bond is a chemical bond between two atoms in which pairs of electrons are shared between both the two atoms. The covalent bond is also called a molecular bond. The forces of attraction or repulsion acting between two atoms, when they both share electron pair or bonding pair, is called as Covalent Bonding. If the atoms have the same electronegativity, they will share their valence electrons equally with each other. This type of a covalent bond where electrons are shared equally between the two bonded atoms is called a non-polar covalent bond.

Covalent bonding also includes many kinds or types of interactions, including σ-bonding (sigma bonding), π-bonding ( pi bonding), metal-to-metal bonding, bent bonds, agostic bonding, three-center two-electron bonds and three-center four-electron bonds.

On the other hand, a polar covalent bond is formed between two non-metal atoms that have different electronegativities. Thus the electrons consisting the bond are unevenly shared between th atoms of a polar covalent bond.

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Fermentation does not require oxygen as it is an anaerobic process. If oxygen is present, pyruvate will be completely oxidized to water and carbon dioxide molecules by some yeast species spiration. On the other hand, yeast species will produce ethanol only in an anaerobic environment by a process called Pasteur Effect.

Fermentation  is a process of energy production in cells with a state anaerobic (without oxygen) that produces changes in organic biochemistry through the action of enzymes. Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration in general, but there is a more precise definition that defines fermentation as respiration in an anaerobic environment without the presence of an external electron acceptor. Examples of fermentation can be found in bread making, wine (beer) and cheese making.

Sugar is a common ingredient in fermentation. Some examples of fermented products are ethanol, lactic acid and hydrogen. However, several other components can also be produced from fermentation, such as butyric acid and acetone. Yeast is a common fermenting agent used to produce ethanol in beer, wine, and other alcoholic beverages. Anaerobic respiration (without external electron acceptor) in mammalian muscles during hard work can be classified as a form of fermentation which produces lactic acid as a by-product. This accumulation of lactic acid can cause muscle fatigue.

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Synthesis reaction and Decomposition reaction are two essentially opposite reactions to one another.

The reaction that occurs when two different atoms or molecules interact to form a different molecule or compound is known as the synthesis reaction.

For example, the formation of Sodium Chloride ([tex]NaCl[/tex]) from Sodium ([tex]Na[/tex]) and Chlorine([tex]Cl_2[/tex]). The reaction can be given by the chemical equation:

[tex]2Na+Cl_2 \rightarrow2NaCl[/tex]

The reaction that occurs when one reactant breaks down into two or more products is known as the decomposition reaction.

For example, the decomposition of Calcium Carbonate([tex]CaCO_3[/tex]) by heat into Calcium Oxide ([tex]CaO[/tex]) and Carbon Di-Oxide([tex]CO_2[/tex]). The reaction can be given by the chemical equation:

[tex]CaCO_3\rightarrow CaO+CO_2[/tex]

Hence, Synthesis reaction and Decomposition reaction are two essentially opposite reactions to one another.

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Answer:

1. Polyethylene (PE)
2. Polypropylene (PP)
3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
4. Polystyrene (PS)
5. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), also known as Teflon.

No, NaCl is not a nonpolar covalent bond. NaCl, also known as table salt, is an ionic compound, not a covalent compound.

Ionic compounds are formed when a metal and a nonmetal combine, and the bond between them is an ionic bond. In the case of NaCl, the sodium atom donates an electron to the chlorine atom, creating a positive ion (Na+) and a negative ion (Cl-), which are held together by the electrostatic attraction between the ions.

Covalent compounds, on the other hand, are formed when nonmetal atoms share electrons in order to fill their valence shells. Covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar. A polar covalent bond occurs when the electrons are not shared equally between the atoms. In contrast, a nonpolar covalent bond occurs when the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, creating a symmetrical distribution of electron density.

In summary, NaCl is an ionic compound formed by the combination of a metal (Na) and a nonmetal (Cl) by an ionic bond, not a covalent bond, and it is not a polar or nonpolar covalent bond.

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