The amount of dividends received by the ordinary shareholders in 2020 is €0.
In the given scenario, Marigold, Inc has 10,300 shares of 5%, €100 par value, cumulative preference shares. This means that the preference shareholders have a priority claim on dividends and are entitled to receive a fixed dividend of 5% on their investment before any dividends can be paid to the ordinary shareholders.
The board of directors declared and paid a €90,300 dividend in 2020. Since the cumulative preference shareholders have a priority claim, the entire dividend amount would be allocated to them until their entitlement is fulfilled.
As no dividends were declared in 2018 and the cumulative preference shareholders are entitled to receive the cumulative dividends, it can be inferred that the dividend arrears from 2018 and prior years are paid in 2019, leaving no dividends available for the ordinary shareholders in 2020.
Therefore, the amount of dividends received by the ordinary shareholders in 2020 is €0.
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in dual channel marketing, a primary decision will be made about how to _____.
In dual channel marketing, a primary decision will be made about how to allocate resources or distribution of products between multiple channels.
Dual channel marketing refers to the use of multiple channels or distribution channels to reach customers and sell products or services. In this approach, a primary decision needs to be made regarding how resources, such as marketing budgets, inventory, and personnel, will be allocated among the different channels. This decision involves determining the optimal distribution of products or services across channels to maximize sales, reach a wider customer base, and enhance customer experience. The allocation of resources in dual channel marketing involves considerations such as the target market for each channel, the channel's reach and effectiveness, customer preferences, cost-effectiveness, and overall business objectives. The decision may involve determining the percentage of resources to be allocated to each channel, setting sales targets for each channel, and establishing guidelines for channel cooperation and coordination.
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Which type of policy-supporting document is optional and often aids in compliance initiatives? Regulations Guidelines Baselines Standards
The type of policy-supporting document is optional and often aids in compliance initiatives is guidelines
What are guidelines?Guidelines refer to optional policy-supporting documents which often aid in compliance initiatives. it provides recommendations for how to achieve best practices or comply with regulations, but they are not legally binding.
Guidelines can be developed by different bodies such as government agencies, industry associations, or other organizations to provide additional information and guidance to organizations or individuals who are subject to regulations or standards.
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In economic systems, which kind of decisions must be made about productive resources?
In economic systems, several decisions must be made about productive resources. These decisions typically revolve around the allocation, utilization, and distribution of resources to maximize efficiency and meet society's needs.
Some key decisions include:
What to produce: This decision involves determining which goods and services should be produced in the economy based on consumer demand, resource availability, technological capabilities, and societal priorities.
How to produce: This decision pertains to the selection of production techniques and methods to transform inputs (such as labor, capital, and raw materials) into output efficiently. It involves considerations like technology adoption, labor-intensive or capital-intensive production, economies of scale, and cost-effectiveness.
For whom to produce: This decision concerns the distribution of goods and services among individuals and groups within society. It involves deciding how the benefits of production are allocated and ensuring equitable distribution based on factors like income levels, needs, preferences, and social policies.
Resource allocation: This decision involves determining how scarce resources, such as land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship, are allocated among different sectors, industries, and economic activities. It requires assessing the relative importance and efficiency of various sectors and making choices on resource allocation to optimize productivity and economic growth.These decisions are typically made by individuals, businesses, governments, and other economic actors within the framework of an economic system, which can range from market-based economies to planned or mixed economies. The specific mechanisms and institutions through which these decisions are made vary depending on the economic system and its underlying principles and policies.
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With respect to an employee's claim under Title Vil for religious discrimination, an employee must show that his religious beliefs that are sincerely held. A. True B. False
It is true that with respect to an employee's claim under Title VII for religious discrimination, an employee must show that his religious beliefs are sincerely held.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a federal law that prohibits employers from discriminating against their employees based on several characteristics, including religion. The act prohibits discrimination against employees based on their religious beliefs or practices, and it requires that employers make reasonable accommodations to their employees' religious beliefs, provided that it does not cause undue hardship to the business or the employer.
Title VII defines religion very broadly to include not only traditional religions but also non-traditional and moral beliefs, which are sincerely held and have the same impact as traditional religious beliefs on the individual's life. The law does not require that an employee's religious beliefs be the same as the employer's, nor does it require that the employee be a member of an organized religious group.
The law merely requires that the employee's religious beliefs be sincerely held. A sincere religious belief is one that is held with the same level of conviction as traditional religious beliefs. It is not enough for an employee to claim that he has religious beliefs in order to claim protection under Title VII. Rather, the employee must show that his religious beliefs are sincerely held and that the employer's actions against him were based on those beliefs.
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Harmon School District’s General Fund accounts for all revenues and expenditures. At the start of school year 2022 (which runs from July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022) the fund balance is $518,000. The approved budget for 2022 follows. Estimated Revenues Property taxes $5,550,000 Intergovernmental revenues 1,665,000 Miscellaneous income 92,500 Appropriations Administration $555,000 Instruction 4,810,000 Pensions and other benefits 740,000 Transportation 370,000 Building maintenance 351,500 School supplies 407,000 All other expenditures 129,500 On August 10, 2021, Harmon School District issued a purchase order for school supplies in the amount of $92,500. On August 20, the school supplies arrived, together with an invoice for $96,200. The invoice was approved for payment because the purchase order allowed for price increases up to 5 percent. The invoice was paid on August 30. Prepare the entries necessary to record the encumbrance, approval for payment of the invoice, and payment of the invoice.
To record purchase order issued August 10
To record receipt of supplies (reduction of encumbrance)
To record payment voucher approved on August 20.
To record payment of invoice on August 30.
The purchase order issued on August 10 are Encumbrances (Expenditure) $92,500 and Accounts Payable (Liability) $92,500. the receipt of supplies (reduction of encumbrance) are Accounts Payable (Liability) $92,500 and Encumbrances (Expenditure) $92,500. Payment voucher approved on August 20 are Accounts Payable (Liability) $96,200 and Cash (Asset) $96,200. Payment of invoice on August 30 are Accounts Payable (Liability) $96,200 and Cash (Asset) $96,200.
To record the purchase order issued on August 10:
Date: August 10, 2021
Encumbrances (Expenditure) $92,500
Accounts Payable (Liability) $92,500
To record the receipt of supplies (reduction of encumbrance):
Date: August 20, 2021
Accounts Payable (Liability) $92,500
Encumbrances (Expenditure) $92,500
To record the payment voucher approved on August 20:
Date: August 20, 2021
Accounts Payable (Liability) $96,200
Cash (Asset) $96,200
To record the payment of the invoice on August 30:
Date: August 30, 2021
Accounts Payable (Liability) $96,200
Cash (Asset) $96,200
Please note that these entries assume the use of a periodic inventory system, where the encumbrance is initially recorded for the estimated purchase and reduced upon receipt of the supplies.
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Given the following constructor:
and assuming that this constructor contains no errors - select all of the following statements that must be true:
The name of the class is BankAccount (or BankAccount.java)
There exists a field/attribute called name.
There exists a field/attribute called balance.
There exists a field/attribute called n
All new objects created with this constructor have an initial balance of 200.0. The following code correctly calls this constructor:
BankAccount b = new BankAccount();
The statement "The name of the class is Bank Account (or BankAccount.java)" must be true. This is because the constructor is being called with the class name "Bank Account".
The statement "There exists a field/attribute called balance" must be true. This is because the constructor initializes a field/attribute named "balance".
The statement "All new objects created with this constructor have an initial balance of 200.0" must be true. This is because the constructor explicitly sets the initial balance to 200.0.
The statement "There exists a field/attribute called n" cannot be determined based on the given information. The constructor does not explicitly mention a field/attribute called "n".
Therefore, the correct statements are:
1. The name of the class is Bank Account (or BankAccount.java).
2. There exists a field/attribute called balance.
3. All new objects created with this constructor have an initial balance of 200.0.
The constructor code suggests the presence of a class named "Bank Account" with a field/attribute called "balance". It also confirms that all new objects created using this constructor will have an initial balance of 200.0. The existence of a field/attribute called "n" cannot be determined as it is not mentioned in the constructor.
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the shape of the aggregate demand curve does not tell us anything about how the total dollar value of spending will ultimately be divided between output and prices
for this we need
a. information about the standard of living in the country
b. information that only consumers' price index can provide
c. an aggregate supply curve
d. to know how far from the origin the aggregate demand curve is
c. an aggregate supply curve The shape of the aggregate demand curve alone does not provide information about how the total dollar value of spending will be divided between output and prices.
To understand this division, we need to consider the aggregate supply curve. The aggregate supply curve represents the relationship between the price level and the level of output that firms are willing to supply. It helps us understand how changes in aggregate demand will affect output and prices. to analyze the division between output and prices, we need the aggregate supply curve along with the shape of the aggregate demand curve. The aggregate supply curve provides crucial information about the responsiveness of firms to changes in demand and the capacity of the economy to produce goods and services. It reflects factors such as input costs, technological capabilities, resource availability, and labor market conditions.
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52.Which of the following do banks hold as insurance against the high cost of deposit outflows?(a) Excess reserves(b) Secondary reserves(c) Bank equity capital(d) Each of the above(e) Only (a) and (b) of the above
Banks utilize excess reserves, secondary reserves, and bank equity capital as insurance measures to mitigate the risks associated with deposit outflows and ensure their ability to meet financial obligations. Therefore, the correct answer is (d) Each of the above.
Banks hold various assets as insurance against the high cost of deposit outflows. These assets include:
(a) Excess reserves: Excess reserves refer to the amount of funds that banks hold above the required reserves mandated by regulatory authorities. By holding excess reserves, banks can ensure that they have sufficient liquidity to meet deposit outflows and other obligations.
(b) Secondary reserves: Secondary reserves are liquid assets that banks hold as a backup to meet their liquidity needs. These reserves can include marketable securities, government bonds, or other highly liquid assets that can be easily converted into cash.
(c) Bank equity capital: Bank equity capital represents the owners' stake in the bank and serves as a buffer against losses. It provides a financial cushion for the bank to absorb potential losses and maintain stability during periods of deposit outflows or financial stress.
Thus, banks utilize excess reserves, secondary reserves, and bank equity capital as insurance measures to mitigate the risks associated with deposit outflows and ensure their ability to meet financial obligations. Therefore, the correct answer is (d) Each of the above.
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The principal focus of the control chart is the attempt to
seperate special or assignable causes of variation from common
causes of variation.
Select one: True False
True.The principal focus of a control chart is to separate special or assignable causes of variation from common causes of variation.
Control charts are statistical tools used in quality control to monitor and analyze process variation over time. By plotting data points on a control chart and setting control limits, it becomes easier to identify when a process is operating within its normal range (common cause variation) or if there are specific factors causing variation outside of the norm (special or assignable causes). This distinction helps in detecting and addressing issues that may be affecting process quality, leading to improved overall performance and consistency.
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Ambry Ward
August 2, 2022
Strategic Management
Justin Bond, Ph.D.
Strategy Project-Week 1
Starbucks
As a coffee company whose mission and vision statement are " To inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time." Starbucks has branded itself in a way where it presents itself as a part of the community that it is set up at, where it adds value, through its employment programs that value diversity, equal opportunity, facilitate young baristas with the times and resources to complete their education and hire veterans. They also add value to the community. not just by providing consistent, high-quality coffee and service but also by providing a place for people to meet, relax and disconnect from their daily routine and find a home away from home. Starbuck's competitive strategy is to scale with sustainability & Quality. Starbucks controls over 59 % of the Coffee Market within the United States of America, followed by Mc Donald's. Dunkin Donuts. and other brands.
Porter's five forces are
The threat of new entrants: Independent roasters and startups like Blue Bottle Coffee which was recently acquired by Nestle who can charge premium prices for their coffee are the new entrants. So, the threat of new entrants is extremely, which is why it made sense for the coffee giant to invest in the roastery in order to build its brand, reputation and customer experience around the world.
The threat of substitutes: Starbucks isn't the only coffee company who's eyeing every growing market for Coffee. Dunking Donuts. McDonald’s, Shake Shack, Costa Coffee, Gloria Jeans Coffee, Lavazza are the closest substitutes and competitors for Starbucks
Bargaining power of buyers: What sets Starbucks apart from the rest of its competition is the fact that it offers more than coffee, it offers an experience. It also doubles up as a workspace, a place to meet with friends and hold meetings. Which is why buyers have low bargaining power and Starbucks can continue to charge premium prices for its coffee.
Bargaining power of suppliers: Suppliers, on the other hand, have a higher bargaining power than Starbucks because of the volatility of coffee bean prices. Coffee beans are one of the most volatile commodities as far as price is concerned. The cost of sourcing coffee for Starbucks is particularly since Starbucks follows ethical sourcing policies and standards.
Rivalry amongst existing competitors: There's stiff rivalry amongst competitors. Starbucks's stiffest competition comes from Dunkin Donuts. Starbucks controls over 40% of the US coffee market while Dunkin Donuts controls over 22% of the US Coffee Market's share.
In order to complete this assignment, you must use the same for-profit publicly-traded organization that you chose in Week 1. It is too late to change because your final project submission will synthesize all of your strategy project submissions.
Complete the following steps:
Evaluate some of your chosen organization's resources using The VIRO Framework (Chapter 3-2c). Which of these resources, if any, result in long-term, sustainable competitive advantage for the company?
Review the functional-level strategies highlighted in Chapter 4 (superior efficiency, superior quality, superior innovation, and superior customer responsiveness). Assess your chosen organization. Determine at which functional-level strategy they currently excel, and explain your reasoning.
VIRO Framework Resources The VRIO Framework is used to examine a company's resources and determine whether or not they can create a sustainable competitive advantage for the firm. This framework looks at the following four aspects: Value - Does the company's resource add value to the customer or help it capture new markets?
Rareness - Is the resource unique in the industry, or is it a commodity?
Imitability - Is the resource difficult to copy, or can competitors easily imitate it?
Organization - Is the company's organization set up in a way that allows it to exploit the resource fully?
Starbucks resources that provide long-term, sustainable competitive advantage to the company are its brand name, its supply chain, and its intellectual property.
Brand Name: Starbucks' brand name is one of its most valuable resources because it represents the company's mission, vision, and values. It is well-known and respected globally, which allows Starbucks to charge premium prices for its products.
Supply Chain: Starbucks has an efficient supply chain that allows it to source high-quality coffee beans and other ingredients from around the world. This allows the company to offer consistent, high-quality products to its customers.
Intellectual Property: Starbucks has patented several processes and products, such as its Frappuccino and its coffee bean roasting methods, which gives the company a unique advantage over its competitors.
Functional-level Strategies In Chapter 4, functional-level strategies such as superior efficiency, superior quality, superior innovation, and superior customer responsiveness are highlighted. Starbucks excels in superior quality. Starbucks is known for providing high-quality coffee products and a unique customer experience that sets it apart from its competitors. The company has set high standards for its products and services, such as ethical sourcing policies and standards, to ensure that it maintains its reputation for quality. The company's premium pricing strategy is based on its reputation for quality products and services, which is why superior quality is a functional-level strategy in which Starbucks excels.
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Harry signed a lease with Hawthorne Apartments in Portland. The lease required Harry to reimburse Hawthorne Apartments for any damage to the apartment not caused by the landlord's negligence or fault. After moving in, Harry received a new washer and dryer from his parents. He did not read the instruction manual before overloading the dryer with bedding, including an unwashed pillow, which started a fire. Harry refused to reimburse Hawthorne Apartments for the fire damages. Hawthorne Apartments filed a suit in Oregon state circuit court against Harry, alleging that he breached the lease by failing to pay for the damages caused by the fire. Harry argued that the lease was unenforceable for lack of consideration. Is Harry correct? Instruction: please use the IRAC method when answering the question. IRAC stands for "Issue, Rule, Application and Conclusion". In other words, first you should summarize the relevant facts, and state the legal issue/question of this case, then talk about what the relevant legal rule and principle is for this case; lastly, you should apply the legal rule/principle to the facts of this case to reach a legal conclusion. The answer does not necessarily have to be long, but it should include all four elements of IRAC. Best of luck!
Rule: Under the contract law, a valid contract requires mutual consideration, which means a promise or performance by both parties, i.e., an offer and acceptance.
Both parties must give something of value for an agreement to be enforceable.Application: Here, Harry signed a lease agreement with Hawthorne Apartments that required him to pay for any damages that he caused to the property. Harry's negligence in overloading the dryer with bedding, including an unwashed pillow, which started a fire was the cause of the damage. Hawthorne Apartments filed a suit against Harry for breaching the lease agreement by not paying for the damage that he caused.
Harry argued that the lease agreement was unenforceable due to lack of consideration. However, this argument is invalid because Harry received the consideration when he signed the lease agreement. The lease agreement was a legally binding contract between Harry and Hawthorne Apartments, and both parties agreed to its terms.Conclusion: Therefore, Harry's argument that the lease was unenforceable for lack of consideration is incorrect. The lease agreement was legally binding, and Harry was obligated to pay for the damages caused by the fire.
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3. (5 points) Describe two situations when an individual control chart should be used.
1. Process Stability Monitoring
2. Continuous Improvement Projects (Lean, Six Sigma)
An I-chart or X-chart, commonly referred to as an individual control chart, is a statistical tool used to track and examine changes in a particular process or feature over time. The following two scenarios call for the usage of an individual control chart:
1. Process Stability Monitoring: An individual control chart can be used to track a process' performance over time when it is thought to be stable and under control. This aids in determining whether the process is steady or whether any unique reasons of variation need to be looked into and resolved.
2. Projects focusing on continuous improvement, such as Lean or Six Sigma initiatives, frequently employ individual control charts.
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Demo Problem 2 Solving T-Account
Candy's Cups manufactures and sells plastic party cups. At the beginning of the period they had 37,000 tons of plastic in direct materials inventory. During the period the firm purchased an additional 45,000 tons of plastic. At the end of the period the firm had 39,000 tons of plastic remaining in inventory. How many tons of plastic were used in production during the period?
According to the question 43,000 tons of plastic were used in production during the period.
To determine the number of tons of plastic used in production during the period, we can use the concept of the T-account.
The formula for calculating the plastic used in production is as follows:
Plastic Used in Production = Beginning Direct Materials Inventory + Purchases - Ending Direct Materials Inventory
Given information:
Beginning Direct Materials Inventory = 37,000 tons
Purchases = 45,000 tons
Ending Direct Materials Inventory = 39,000 tons
Using the formula, we can calculate the plastic used in production:
Plastic Used in Production = 37,000 tons + 45,000 tons - 39,000 tons
Plastic Used in Production = 43,000 tons
Therefore, 43,000 tons of plastic were used in production during the period.
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when an economy is producing at full employment or the maximum quantity that an economy can produce, it is considered a)real GDP b)nominal GDP c)potential GDP d)aggregate GDP
When an economy is producing at full employment or the maximum quantity that an economy can produce, it is considered to be at its potential GDP.
Potential GDP (Gross Domestic Product) represents the maximum level of output an economy can produce when all resources are fully utilized, including labor, capital, and technology. It represents the economy's productive capacity under ideal conditions, with full employment and efficient use of resources.
Real GDP and nominal GDP, on the other hand, are measures of the actual output of an economy during a specific period. Real GDP adjusts for inflation and provides a measure of output in constant prices, while nominal GDP does not adjust for inflation and reflects output at current market prices.
Aggregate GDP is not a commonly used term and does not represent a specific concept in economics. It might be confused with aggregate demand or aggregate supply, which relate to the total spending in the economy or the total supply of goods and services, respectively.
Therefore, the correct answer is c) potential GDP.
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Why do we make choices that seemingly are not always what makes us the happiest? i.e., why do we do chores or go to work? Use your understanding of consumer choice and marginal utility analysis.
We make choices that do not necessarily make us happy, such as doing chores or going to work, because these actions provide utility beyond just happiness. According to consumer choice theory, individuals aim to maximize their total utility from consuming goods and services.
Marginal utility analysis also plays a significant role in this theory, which explains the added satisfaction derived from consuming additional units of a good or service.In this case, while chores or work may not bring us immediate happiness, they provide long-term utility in the form of financial stability, a clean living environment, and a sense of accomplishment.
Marginal utility analysis explains that the utility gained from each additional unit of work or chore may decrease, but the total utility from the activity remains positive.We often choose to do activities that bring us lower marginal utility but higher total utility.
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If you pay $6650 in interest on $165 000 principal for 7 months, what is the nominal annual rate?
the nominal annual rate in this case is approximately 29.8%.
To calculate the nominal annual rate, we use the formula:
Nominal Annual Rate = (Interest / Principal) * (12 / Number of Months)
Given that you paid $6650 in interest on a principal of $165,000 for 7 months, we can substitute these values into the formula.
Nominal Annual Rate = ($6650 / $165,000) * (12 / 7)
By performing the calculations, the nominal annual rate is approximately 29.8%.
Therefore, the nominal annual rate in this case is approximately 29.8%.
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The number of common stocks outstanding is 30 million shares and the number of semiannual coupon bonds outstanding is 1 million for Wonka Ind. Wonka also has
$100
million current market value worth of preferred stocks. Suppose the current quote for the bond is
88%
of the par value of
$1000
with
7%
annual coupon rate and the remaining years to maturity is 6 years. The marginal tax rate of the firm is
40%
. If the current price of stocks equal to
$34
with the cost of equity equal to
13%
and the cost of preferred stock is equal to
6%
. Find the WACC. [Hint: find the market value weights and the find cost of debt as it is not explicitly given]
8.20%
(B)
9.49%
(C)
10.33%
(D)
11.25%
(E)
12.82%
Where the above is given,note that the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is 10.33%.
How is this so?Here are the steps to solve the problem -
1. Calculate the market value of common stock - market value common = 30000000 * 34 = 102000000
2. Calculate the market value of preferred stock - market value preferred = 1000000 * 6 = 6000000
3. Calculate the market value of debt - market value debt = 0.88 * 1000 * (1 + 0.07/2)⁻⁸ = 3809523.81
4. Calculate the weight of common stock - weight common = market value common / (market value common + market value preferred + market value debt) = 0.74189
5. Calculate the weight of preferred stock - weight preferred = market value preferred / (market value common + market value preferred + market value debt) = 0.0625
6. Calculate the weight of debt - weight debt = market value debt / (market value common + market value preferred + market value debt) = 0.19561
7. Calculate the cost of debt - cost debt = (1 - tax rate) * coupon rate = (1 - 0.4) * 0.07 = 0.042
8. Calculate the WACC - WACC = weight common * cost equity + weight preferred * cost preferred stock + weight debt * cost debt = 0.74189 * 0.13 + 0.0625 * 0.06 + 0.19561 * 0.042 = 0.1033
Therefore, the WACC is 10.33%.
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Full Question:
Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:
The number of common stocks outstanding is 30 million shares and the number of semiannual coupon bonds outstanding is 1 million for Wonka Ind. Wonka also has $100 million current market value worth of preferred stocks. Suppose the current quote for the bond is 88% of the par value of $1000 with 7% annual coupon rate and the remaining years to maturity is 6 years. The marginal tax rate of the firm is 40%. If the current price of stocks equal to $34 with the cost of equity equal to 13% and the cost of preferred stock is equal to 6%. Find the WACC. [Hint: find the market value weights and the find cost of debt as it is not explicitly given] 8.20% (B) 9.49% (C) 10.33% (D) 11.25% (E) 12.82%
what are suitable procedures for applying risk management strategies that are industry standard?
Applying industry-standard risk management strategies involves following established procedures and best practices.
While the specific procedures may vary depending on the industry and the nature of the risks involved, here are some common steps that can be considered when implementing risk management strategies: Risk Identification: Identify and document potential risks that may affect your organization. This can be done through risk assessments, brainstorming sessions, historical data analysis, and consulting with subject matter experts. Risk Assessment: Evaluate the identified risks based on their likelihood of occurrence and potential impact. This step helps prioritize risks and determine which ones require immediate attention.
Risk Mitigation Planning: Develop strategies and action plans to mitigate or reduce the identified risks. This may involve implementing preventive measures, controls, redundancies, safety protocols, or training programs to minimize the likelihood or impact of risks.
Risk Monitoring and Control: Establish monitoring mechanisms to track and control risks on an ongoing basis. This can include regular inspections, audits, performance evaluations, and the use of key performance indicators (KPIs) to detect any deviations or emerging risks.
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Public health practice has been applied to community health problems since the early 1900's.
Question 3 options:
True
False
As you brainstorm for your final Research Proposal, give an example of 2 health issues that you might address and suggest an intervention that would address each.
Ex:
Health problem: After the last year's employee health screenings, we found rates of high blood pressure and BMI increased over the past 3 years.
Intervention: Our organization will implement an employee health program. Strategies will include a wellness room where employees can stretch or do workout videos, standing desks, and competitions with incentives.
The statement "Public health practice has been applied to community health problems since the early 1900s" is true. Public health is defined as the science and art of preventing illness, prolonging life, and promoting health through the organized efforts of society.
Public health practice has been used to tackle community health issues since the early 1900s.Public health is an important field because it focuses on improving the health of entire populations rather than just treating individual patients. This implies preventing illness and promoting health rather than just treating diseases that have already developed. Example of two health issues and an intervention that would address each:1. Health problem: Childhood Obesity Intervention: Implement school-based physical activity programs, including physical education, recess, and after-school sports programs.2. Health problem: Smoking Intervention: Implement smoking cessation programs in healthcare clinics and worksites. Provide nicotine replacement therapy and counseling to assist individuals in quitting smoking.
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An
umbrella policy provision that REQUIRES the insured to pay a
portion of the loss NOT covered by underlying insurance is
A. a coinsurance clause.
B. a participation clause.
C. an excessive limit.
A coinsurance clause is the right response. Coinsurance clauses are umbrella policy clauses that compel the insured to pay a portion of the loss that is not covered by the underlying insurance.
This clause requires the insured to keep up a specific level of coverage under the underlying policies, usually a portion of the total value of the liability or property insured. The insured is responsible for the portion of the loss that the underlying insurance does not pay if the insured does not comply with this provision and a loss occurs. The coinsurance clause's purpose is to spread the risk between the insured and the insurer and encourage the insured to fully insure their assets.
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The consequence of lengthy and demanding entrance procedures tojoin a craft union or a professional group is to: Select one:A. Shift thelabour supply curve to the left.B. Directly raise the wage that unionmembers receive.C. Shift the labour demand curve to the left.D.Shift the labour supply curve to the right.E. Shift the labourdemand curve to the right.
The correct option is A: Shift the labor supply curve to the left.
When there are lengthy and demanding entrance procedures to join a craft union or a professional group, the consequence is to: Shift the labor supply curve to the left.
Labor supply refers to the number of people willing and able to work in a particular occupation or industry at a specific wage rate. Lengthy and demanding entrance procedures imply that the cost of entering the industry has increased.
As a result, it reduces the number of people willing to work in the industry, which means that there is a decrease in the supply of labor. Therefore, this shifts the labor supply curve to the left.
To understand this better, the graph below shows a shift in the supply curve to the left. Notice that with a shift in the supply curve, the equilibrium price increases while the equilibrium quantity decreases.
Hence, it leads to higher wage rates for those who are willing and able to enter the profession or the union.
Thus, the correct option is A: Shift the labor supply curve to the left.
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Yolanda is a sole proprietor who runs a small gift shop which of the following is a compliment of her cost of goods sold gift wrap used to wrap item sold as gifts salary of the store bookkeeper items initially purchase for resale but removed from inventory for Yolanda's personal use cost of running a holiday sale advertisement on a local radius station
As a sole proprietor running a small gift shop, Yolanda must account for all of the costs associated with running her business, including the cost of goods sold (COGS).
This term refers to the cost of the merchandise that Yolanda sells in her store. It includes all of the costs associated with producing or purchasing the products that she sells.For Yolanda, the cost of goods sold includes the cost of the gift wrap used to wrap items sold as gifts. This is because the gift wrap is considered a necessary part of the products that she sells, and it is included in the price that her customers pay.
These items are considered to be Yolanda's personal expenses, rather than business expenses. As a result, they are not included in the calculation of the cost of goods sold. Finally, the cost of running a holiday sale advertisement on a local radio station is also an indirect cost of Yolanda's business.
Although advertising is necessary for Yolanda to attract customers to her store, the cost of the advertisement is not included in the cost of goods sold. Instead, it is considered an overhead cost, which is a general cost of doing business.
In summary, the cost of goods sold includes the cost of the gift wrap used to wrap items sold as gifts, but it does not include the salary of the store bookkeeper, items that are initially purchased for resale but removed from inventory for Yolanda's personal use, or the cost of running a holiday sale advertisement on a local radio station.
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The market for e-cigarettes is given as: Demand: P=96−4Q Supply: P=1Q Due to the negative health effects of e-cigarettes, the government has imposed a $7 per unit tax on the product. However, consumers are unhappy with this policy and have lobbied the government to abolish the tax and impose a price ceiling instead. The government yields to the political pressure and replaces the tax with a price ceiling that ensures the quantity of ecigarettes transacted in the market under this intervention is the same as the quantity transacted under the tax. By how much does consumer surplus increase?
The increase in consumer surplus due to this intervention is found as $870.
Given the following demand and supply curve of e-cigarettes:
Demand: P=96−4Q
Supply: P=1Q,
due to negative health effects, the government has imposed a $7 per unit tax on e-cigarettes.
However, consumers have lobbied the government to abolish the tax and impose a price ceiling instead.
The government yields to the political pressure and replaces the tax with a price ceiling that ensures the quantity of e-cigarettes transacted in the market under this intervention is the same as the quantity transacted under the tax
.Now, in order to calculate the change in consumer surplus, we need to calculate consumer surplus before and after the tax is imposed.
Initially, before the tax is imposed, the market equilibrium price and quantity can be calculated as:
96 - 4Q = Q
=> Q = 16
P = 96 - 4*16
= 32
Consumer surplus can be calculated as,
CS1 = 1/2 * (96 - 32) * 16
= $640
Now, with the tax imposed, the new price of the product becomes:
96 - 4Q + $7 = Q$
= (96 + 7) / 5
= 20
Consumer surplus can be calculated as:
CS2 = 1/2 * (96 - 20) * 15
= $720
Now, the government replaces the tax with a price ceiling that ensures the quantity of e-cigarettes transacted in the market under this intervention is the same as the quantity transacted under the tax.
The quantity transacted is 15 units. Thus, the new equilibrium price can be calculated as:
1Q = $7
=> Q = 7
P = 1 * 7
= 7
New consumer surplus can be calculated as:
CS3 = 1/2 * (96 - 7) * 15
= $870
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Marketing manager want to show Customer lifetime value to define how much money to invest in digital marketing to gain a new customer and how much a customer worth to the business.
Marketing and Financial departments set the following data:
Expected total revenue from website is $3,000,000 during the first year and then will drop by 30% each consecutive year
Cost is 70% of the revenue
They incur additional marketing cost of 120,000 and 5,000 and 5,000 for the three consecutive years.
Customer Acquisition Digital marketing costs on the paid search is $120,000 per month for total of $240,000 for first year. In Years 2 and 3, we don’t have a digital marketing acquisition cost.
Expect to acquire 10,000 customers in year 1
Customer Retention Rate is 100%, 25%, 70% among the three consecutive years.
A discount rate of 8% annually (a combination of interest rate and business risk) used to calculate Net Present Value
, cumulative NPV profit over three years, and finally customer lifetime value on the bottom line.
Calculate:
Customer lifetime value per year
Cumulative Customer lifetime value over 3 years
When (which year) is the Payback on customer acquisition costs is delivered
Analyze and give your recommendations
Assume Average Orders per Year = 1.2, 2.5, 2.5 for the three consecutive years. Determine the customer average Order Size per year.
Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) represents the net profit or revenue that a business makes from its entire relationship with an average customer. CLV is a critical marketing metric that enables companies to understand the value that they derive from their customers. To determine customer lifetime value (CLV), follow these steps:
Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) per year is: CLV = NPV of revenue from customer - Cost of acquiring and serving that customer. Average Customer Revenue: $3,000,000 * 70% = $2,100,000 in the first year
Average Orders per Year = 1.2, 2.5, 2.5 for the three consecutive years
Average Order Size per year = $2,100,000 / (10,000 * 1.2) = $175 per year for the first year
CLV = ($175 * 3.7) / (0.08 - 0.25) = $3,250
Cumulative CLV over three years = 3,250*10,000 = $32,500,000
Payback on Customer Acquisition costs is delivered in year
2.Recommendations:Looking at the calculations and the numbers, the marketing manager can determine the company's approximate profit from a customer and decide whether investing in the customer is worthwhile. It is clear from the above calculation that it costs more to acquire new customers than it does to retain them. Retaining customers is beneficial because it generates more revenue, and those customers are more likely to spread the word about your business to others.
Therefore, the marketing manager should increase retention efforts and focus on customer loyalty programs to retain customers. Additionally, the company should explore other low-cost acquisition channels, such as organic traffic, to minimize acquisition costs.
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. What was the basis of the law suit brought by Ms. Liebeck against McDonalds Restaurants?
Ms. Liebeck filed a lawsuit against McDonald's in 1994 for serving coffee that was too hot and causing severe burns to her body, which was a well-known case that brought international attention to McDonald's corporation.
Liebeck, a 79-year-old woman, was in the car with her grandson when the incident occurred in the drive-thru lane. Liebeck purchased coffee from McDonald's, which she spilled on her lap, causing severe burns. She filed a lawsuit against McDonald's Corporation after her initial settlement demands were refused. Liebeck originally sought to reach a settlement with McDonald's restaurant chain, but they declined her requests.
She had sustained second- and third-degree burns on her thighs, buttocks, and genitals from the coffee, which was served at a temperature of 180-190 degrees Fahrenheit. McDonald's coffee was served at 30 degrees hotter than the standard, according to the plaintiff. They kept their coffee hotter than many of their competitors. McDonald's company denied any responsibility for her injuries, claiming that Liebeck spilled the coffee on herself.
Liebeck's legal team presented evidence that McDonald's was aware of the dangers of its hot coffee and that it had been responsible for other burn injuries in the past. The jury awarded her $200,000 in compensatory damages and $2.7 million in punitive damages, which the trial court subsequently lowered to $480,000.
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What ONE tourism market segment (group of tourists) do you think offers the most potential for the future of tourism? Why? How would you go about encouraging this group to travel? What kinds of services/experiences are they looking for?
The millennials market segment is the most promising market segment in the tourism industry.
The tourism industry is a multi-billion dollar business that caters to a wide range of individuals and market segments. Despite the numerous benefits and growth potential, the tourism industry is fraught with risks, including geopolitical events, public health crises, and shifts in consumer preferences. Among the many market segments that exist within the tourism industry, one segment that offers great potential is the millennials.
The millennial market segment has been identified as one of the most lucrative demographics in tourism. According to a report by Resonance Consultancy, the millennial demographic was the largest generational group of travelers globally. They account for more than a third of all travelers and will remain the largest group in the coming years. In addition, they are not only the largest group but also the most influential, having the power to sway other demographics. They have different travel preferences from other demographic groups, such as a preference for experiential travel, off-the-beaten-path experiences, and responsible travel practices. This demographic seeks authentic travel experiences and is willing to pay a premium for unique, high-quality experiences.
To encourage this group to travel, tourism operators and destinations need to develop innovative and engaging experiences that are tailored to their needs and preferences.
For instance, they may offer customized travel itineraries that take into account millennials' preference for flexibility and spontaneity. They could also offer unique accommodations, such as glamping or sustainable hotels, and provide unique outdoor experiences, such as hikes, outdoor adventures, and sustainable travel experiences. Another way to encourage millennials to travel is by offering immersive cultural experiences, such as culinary tours, art tours, or local festivals. Finally, they can leverage social media platforms to showcase their offerings and connect with millennials who are always seeking new and unique experiences.
In conclusion, the millennials market segment is the most promising market segment in the tourism industry. To succeed in this market, tourism operators and destinations need to develop innovative and experiential offerings that meet the needs and preferences of this demographic.
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5. The two-year interest rate is \( 6.5 \% \). What is the two-year discount factor?
The formula for calculating the two-year discount factor can be derived as follows: If r represents the annual interest rate and m represents the number of compounding periods per year, the periodic interest rate can be found as r/m.
Hence, the two-year discount factor can be calculated as follows: 1 / (1 + (r/m))^2
Substituting the values given in the question, we get:
r = 6.5% = 0.065m = 1 (since the interest is compounded annually)
Using these values, the two-year discount factor can be found as follows:
1 / (1 + (0.065/1))^2
1 / (1.065)^2
= 1 / 1.135225
= 0.8800 (rounded to four decimal places)
Therefore, the two-year discount factor is 0.8800.
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A farmer is considering planting five possible crop mixes. The outcomes depend on the weather (dry, average, or rainy). Assume the three possible weather states have probabilities: dry = 30%, average = 40%, rainy = 30%. Answer the following two questions.
Dry Average Rainy
Mix A -1 1 8
Mix B 5 -1 5
Mix C -1 3 4
Mix D 2 2 3
Mix E 3 0 -1
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. Which planting decision has the highest expected monetary value?
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. What is the expected value of perfect information?
A. mix A
B. mix B
C. mix C
D. mix D
E. mix E
F. 2.4
G. 2.5
H. 2.6
I. 2.8
J. 3.0
The answer to the question is Mix B, which has the highest expected monetary value.
To calculate the expected monetary value for each mix, we multiply the outcome of each mix in each weather state by the probability of that weather state and sum the results. Therefore, Mix D has the highest expected monetary value of 2.20.For the second question, the main answer is J. 3.0, which represents the expected value of perfect information.
To calculate the expected value of perfect information, we find the maximum outcome for each weather state and multiply it by the probability of that weather state. Here are the calculations:- Dry: the maximum outcome is 3 (from Mix E, Average: the maximum outcome is 3 (from Mix D)Rainy: the maximum outcome is 8 (from Mix ANext, we calculate the expected value of perfect information:
(3 * 0.30) + (3 * 0.40) + (8 * 0.30) = 0.9 + 1.2 + 2.4 = 4.5
Therefore, the expected value of perfect information is 4.5, which corresponds to option J.
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annie innocently misrepresented the status of a puppy as being a full-blooded pomeranian when actually it was a mixed breed. levi had contracted to purchase the dog, but the problem was discovered before he went to pay for the dog and pick it up. nevertheless, levi was very angry and felt that annie should have been more careful. he said that he planned to rescind the contract and also sue her for damages to punish her and deter others from behaving similarly. which of the following is true regarding the remedies available to levi?
The correct answer is B. Because Annie violated the contract to provide a full-blooded Pomeranian, Levi is entitled to rescind the contract, but he is not entitled to the damages he seeks.
In this scenario, Annie misrepresented the status of the puppy by claiming it was a full-blooded Pomeranian when it was actually a mixed breed. This misrepresentation constitutes a breach of contract. Levi, the buyer, has the right to rescind or cancel the contract due to this breach.
However, regarding the damages Levi seeks, he would not be entitled to them. In contract law, damages are usually awarded to compensate the injured party for any losses or harm suffered as a result of the breach. In this case, since Levi discovered the problem before paying for and picking up the dog, he did not suffer any actual damages.
Damages are typically meant to compensate the injured party for actual losses incurred. Since Levi did not suffer any financial harm or other losses, he would not be entitled to damages in this situation.
To summarize, Levi can rescind the contract and be relieved of any obligations to purchase the dog due to Annie's breach of contract. However, he would not be entitled to the damages he seeks since he did not suffer any actual losses.
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Complete Question
Annie innocently misrepresented the status of a puppy as being a full blooded Pomeranian when actually it was a mixed breed. Levi had contracted to purchase the dog, but the problem was discovered prior to his paying for the dog and picking it up. Nevertheless, Levi was very angry and felt that Annie should have been more careful. He said that he planned to rescind the contract and also sue her for damages to punish her and deter others from behaving similarly. Which of the following is true regarding the remedies available to Levi?A. Because Annie violated the contract to provide a full blooded Pomeranian, Levi is entitled to rescind the contract and also to the damages he seeks.
B. Because Annie violated the contract to provide a full blooded Pomeranian, Levi is entitled to rescind the contract, but he is not entitled to the damages he seeks.
C. Because Annie is not guilty of any wrongdoing, Levi is entitled to no remedy; and Annie has an additional 30 days in order to honor the contract.
D. Because Annie is not guilty of any wrongdoing, Levi is entitled to no remedy; and Annie has an additional 60 days in order to honor the contract.
E. Because Annie is not guilty of any wrongdoing, Levi is entitled to no remedy; and Annie has an additional 90 days in order to honor the contract
Assume the credit terms offered to your firm by your suppliers are 4/5,net45.
Calculate the cost of the trade credit if your firm does not take the discount and pays on day 45.
(Hint: Use a 365-day year.)
The cost of the trade credit if the firm does not take the discount and pays on day 45 is 38.01%.
How to find?The credit terms offered to a firm by its suppliers are typically given as a discount and a number of days in which to pay. In this example, the terms are 4/5, net 45.
This means that the firm can take a 4% discount if it pays within 5 days, or it can pay the full amount within 45 days. The cost of trade credit when a firm does not take the discount and pays on day 45 can be calculated as follows:
Cost of trade credit = [(Discount % / (100% - Discount %)] x [365 / (Number of days credit is outstanding - Discount period)]
Cost of trade credit = [(4 / (100 - 4)] x [365 / (45 - 5)]
Cost of trade credit = [(4 / 96)] x [365 / 40]
Cost of trade credit = 0.0417 x 9.125
Cost of trade credit = 0.3801 or 38.01%.
Therefore, the cost of the trade credit if the firm does not take the discount and pays on day 45 is 38.01%.
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