Scale insects can be serious pests for citrus fruits. Severe infestations of scales result in falling twigs and branches until the affected tree dies. In the early 1900s, California citrus growers sprayed their trees with cyanide gas to kill scale insects. By 1914, some scale insects were surviving the spraying, and eventually the whole population showed resistance to cyanide. Which of the following statements best explains how resistance to cyanide spread in the scale insect population?
A. Insects with a resistance gene survived the first cyanide sprayings and passed the gene to their offspring.
B. Parasites infecting the insect population carried the trait from insects with a resistance gene to insects without a resistance gene.
C. Predators put greater selection pressure on insects with a resistance gene than on insects without a resistance gene.
D. Insects without a resistance gene underwent mutation upon contact with the cyanide to acquire resistance.

Answers

Answer 1

Individuals exposed to a damaging factor might mutate and resist the nosive effects. D) Insects without a resistance gene underwent mutation upon contact with the cyanide to acquire resistance.

What is resistance?

The term resistance refers to an inheritable change in the population sensitivity, reflected through the exposure of individuals to damaging factors (insecticides, for instance) that affects the population.

A genetic modification -mutation- might occur in some of the exposed individuals, leading them to survive under the effects of these factors.

Mutated individuals spread this new character in the population, which evolves with the capability of tolerating the element that would normally affect it.

In the exposed example, some of the exposed individuals developed a mutation after the cyanide exposure and got to survive. These individuals could mate and reproduce, transmitting this new resistant character to the following generations.

The correct option is D. Insects without a resistance gene underwent mutation upon contact with the cyanide to acquire resistance

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Related Questions

According to the results, what is the pH of the
water? Check all that are correct.
Above 7
Basic
About 7
Neutral
Acidic
Below 7

Answers

Answer:

about 7 which is neutral

define plasma osmolality​

Answers

Plasma osmolality measures the body's electrolyte–water balance

what is the binomial system of nomenclature​

Answers

Answer:

definition of binomial nomenclaturea system of nomenclature in which each species of animal or plant receive a name of two terms of which the first identifies the genus to which it belongs in the second of the species itself

Binomial nomenclature is the formal naming system for living things that all scientists use. It gives every species a two-part scientific name. For example, a ladybug found in the United States goes by the fancy name of Harmonia axyridis.

Which organisms ) contain this membrane bound organelle ?​

Answers

Answer:

eukaryotic organisms contain this membrane bound organelles.

egarding transcriptional promoter sites, which of the following statements are true? Select one or more than one:

a)They are located in the gene (DNA) whose information will be transcribed

b)They are found at the 3 'end of the gene that will be transcribed

c)Some of them are called 'TATA box'

d)They are found in the DNA, 'upstream' of the gene to be transcribed.

e)They are proteins of the cytoplasm

Answers

Transcriptional promoter sites are found in the DNA, 'upstream' of the gene to be transcribed.

Some of them are called 'TATA box'.

Where transcriptional promoter sites are located?

Promoter sequences are DNA sequences that define where transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase begins. Promoter sequences are typically located directly upstream or at the 5' end of the transcription initiation site.

Core promoter, proximal promoter, and distal promoter are the examples of different promoters.

So we can conclude that Transcriptional promoter sites are found in the DNA, 'upstream' of the gene to be transcribed.

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One unit of alcohol contains 8 grams of alcohol. calculate the risk of developing liver cancer for someone who consumes 4 units of alcohol a day

Answers

The risk of developing liver cancer for someone who consumes 4 units of alcohol a day is twice as high as normal (hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma).

What does alcohol do to the liver?

Alters the production of enzymes, changing the rate of metabolism of the alcohol consumed, causing chronic inflammation, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis.  Irritates the mucous membranes of the stomach and esophagus, causing esophagitis, gastritis and diarrhea.

With this information, we can conclude that The risk of developing liver cancer for someone who consumes 4 units of alcohol a day is twice as high as normal (hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma).

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Are any factors in the equation of photosynthesis more critical for plants that live on land than for plants that live underwater?​

Answers

The most critical factor during photosynthesis of land plants compared to aquatic plants is water.

What is Photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions by which plants need water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce carbohydrates.

In aquatic plants, water requirements are well satisfied, but it may not occur in land plants.

In conclusion, the most critical factor during photosynthesis of land plants compared to aquatic plants is water.

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Based on the image, which of the following best describes the electronegativity of the carriers and the synthesis and utilization of ATP during the electron-transfer process? Electron carrier I is the least electronegative, and electron carrier IV is the most electronegative. ATP is required for electron transfer between carriers. Electron carrier I is the most electronegative, and electron carrier IV is the least electronegative. ATP is not required for electron transfer between carriers. Electron carrier I is the most electronegative, and electron carrier IV is the least electronegative. ATP is utilized in a distinct reaction, not directly coupled with electron transfer. Electron carrier I is the least electronegative, and electron carrier IV is the most electronegative. ATP is synthesized in a distinct reaction, not directly coupled with electron transfer.

Answers

Based on the image, statement 4. Electron carrier I is the least electronegative, and electron carrier IV is the most electronegative, ATP is synthesized in a distinct reaction, not directly coupled with electron transfer best describes the electronegativity of the carriers and the synthesis and utilization of ATP during the electron-transfer process.

What is the relationship between electron transfer,  carriers, and synthesis of ATP during electron-transfer?

The electron transfer is a process coupled to the generation of ATP by using enzyme carriers during the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which is the third stem of the process of cellular respiration that generates ATP to be used as the source of energy.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that electron transfer carriers help to the synthesis by coupling the electronegativity of certain molecules during the electron-transfer process of oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration.

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Which of the following would most likely increase a person's risk of invasion by pathogenic microbes? select all that apply
Increased action of cilia
Loss of epidermal tissue
Decreased urine flow
Decreased interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
Increased intestinal motility

Answers

The following would most likely increase a person's risk of invasion by pathogenic microbes are the Loss of epidermal tissue.

What is pathogenic invasion?

The invasion of a number with the aid of using a pathogen can be aided with the aid of using the manufacturing of bacterial extracellular materials which act in opposition to the host with the aid of using breaking down number one or secondary defenses of the frame. Medical microbiologists talk to those materials as invasins.

Active cells, referred to as fibroblasts produce collagenous fibers and floor substances. Blood vessels quickly develop into the epidermis, restoring circulation. If the damage may be very minor, the epithelial cells sooner or later repair the dermis as soon as the epidermis has been regenerated.

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Which of the following statements best describes the impact noise pollution has on wildlife?
It can improve the echolocation abilities of marine mammals.
It improves communication between species.
It reduces reproductive rates.
All of these choices are correct.

Answers

The following statements best describe the impact noise pollution has on wildlife It reduces reproductive rates. Thus option "C" is correct.

What is Noise pollution?

Noise pollution is not a result of waste.

Noise pollution is unhealthy and unwelcome sound in the environment that can cause a psychological effect on the people living within the noise pollution area such as stress, sleep disturbance, hearing loss, etc. Pollution by waste is more tangible and is mainly due to human activities that impact negatively on the environment.

Thus option "C" is correct.

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Why do individuals who are anemic generally not exhibit an increase in respiratory rate or tidal volume, even though their blood is not carrying enough oxygen?

Answers

The amount of oxygen that dissolves in the blood in the lungs' alveoli is unaffected by

What is the independent, dependent, and controlled variable in this experiment if you only drop water onto the penny? Experiment: How many drops of water can a penny hold?

Answers

0 because its a penny

Explanation:

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Teams (Web)
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What type of aneurysm is pictured in the image provided?
Saccular
Fusiform
Aortic
O Dissecting

Answers

Answer:

what's this yaar I don't know this answer

The rapid acceleration of globalization has also increased the amount of international migration. Sanderson’s results from a cross-national study indicated that:
Group of answer choices

international migration increases overall levels of human development

international migration increases a country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

international migration decreases overall levels of human development

international migration decreases a country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Answers

Sanderson's cross-national study indicated that international migration increases overall levels of human development. Thus, the correct option is A.

What is Migration?

Migration may be defined as the movement of people from one place to another in search of resources better than their native one.

International migration increases the overall standards of human development because it initiates new opportunities and trade aspects of people of one country to another.

It also leads to improved human development outcomes in major areas like education, health, and finance.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is A.

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Most of the work done in the field of resource technology occurs where?

Answers

Most of the work done in the field of resource technology occurs in :    

The computer system

What are technology resources ?

Technology resources are resources which are used for the production and dissemination of data. The work done based of these resource is first conceived and planned in the brain and mind of the creator, before the work is been done mostly using a computer system Technology resources include wireless data, video networks ,electronic storage devices and other forms of data extraction.

Hence we can conclude that Most of the work done in the field of resource technology occurs in : The computer system

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2. How are the amino acids formed from the codon in Mutation #2 different from those formed from the original codon pattern?

Answers

Mutations are caused by the alteration in the nucleotide bases. These altered bases synthesize diverse amino acids relying upon nucleotide base sequences that code for a specific amino acid.

What is Mutation?

A mutation may be defined as sudden, stable, and inheritable transformations in the sequence of the genome of an organism.

Mutations can bring a different code for amino acid sequences that results in the synthesis of a particular type of protein.

Before mutation amino acids formed from the codon are specific to their nucleotide bases but mutation causes the alteration in the nucleotide bases which alters the sequence of amino acid and proteins as well.

Therefore, it is well described above.

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True or False.

There is an increase in the concentration of albumin-bound fatty acids in the blood during a fasting state.

Answers

I believe it is true

L 1.2.6 Quiz: Evaluating Scientific Claims
Question 4 of 10
Which of the following is the best definition of empirical evidence?
OA. Evidence that supports a scientific hypothesis
B. Evidence based on personal beliefs or preferences
OC. Evidence gathered through direct observation
D. A set of untested data used to support product claims

Answers

The statement' evidence gathered through direct observation' is the best definition of empirical evidence.

What is empirical data?

Empirical data can be defined as verifiable information that can be tested by using the scientific method.

Empirical data can be obtained by means of observational and/or experimental procedures.

Empirical evidence needs to be testable, which means it can be confirmed or rejected by using the scientific method.

All scientific theories are based on well-sustained empirical evidence by experimental and/or observational procedures.

In conclusion, the statement' evidence gathered through direct observation' is the best definition of empirical evidence.

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Water bends light. This type of bending is called refraction. The drawing tool shows a penny submerged in water, but only part of the path of the light ray is shown. How could the light ray bend as it enters and leaves the water so that you can see the penny at position B? Draw the missing parts of the light ray so the penny is visible at position B.​

Answers

Water makes the penny visible by bending the light rays towards the normal.

What is refraction of light?

Refraction is the bending of light rays as it crosses the boundary of media of different densities.

The ability of water to to bend light is employed in making a penny visible when water is added to container container a penny which was not visible initially.

Therefore, water makes the penny visible by bending the light rays towards the normal.

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5 Which statement BEST describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
A. Both processes use energy to form molecules of glucose.
B. The products of one process are the reactants in the other process.
C. The products of one process are the same products in the other process.
luminate EducationTM, Inc.

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

the formula of photosynthesis is  6CO2 + 6H2O + light/energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 and the equation for respiration is C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + light/energy

What are the fnctions of ovule and sepal.

If u write good answer i will keep u in mark as brainlist.

Answers

Answer:

Ovule is the organ responsible for the formation and containment of reproductive cells and it consist of majorly three parts which are integuments (the outer part), the nucellus and the gametophyte

Sepal acts majorly as a defender providing protection to the reproductive cells also acting as a petal in plants without petals.

A forested area contains deer, wolves, blue jays, squirrels, and many plant species including the staple diet of the deer. Alfalfa. During
the construction of a mall nearby, humans have changed the flow of water in the area, drying up a stream that feeds the major patches of
Alfalfa. What will likely happen in this environment?
1. The deer population will shrink
II. The wolf population will shrink
III. The blue jay population will increase
IV. The squirrel population will migrate to a new location
A. I, II and IV
B. Just IV
C. I and III
D. I and II

Answers

Answer:

The Answer tothe questioN should be D

Explanation:

its is D because if the deer decrease that affects the wolves as well because its their food source. One affects the other

As per the given scenario, deer population will shrink as well as wolf population will shrink. The correct option is D.

What is competition?

Competition is most commonly determined by the interaction of individuals competing for a small quantity of a shared resource.

It can also be characterized more broadly as the indirect or direct interactions of organisms that results in a change in fitness when the organisms share the same resource.

When members of multiple species start competing for the same resource, this is known as interspecific competition.

Woodpeckers and squirrels frequently end up competing for nesting rights in the very same holes and spaces in trees, while African savanna lions and cheetahs compete for the same antelope and gazelle prey.

As in the given case, the water supply is being limited by the humans, it will most likely to cause the competition for the resource. It will lead to shrinkage of deer population along with wolf population.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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Which of the following best describes a characteristic of fungi that differentiates them from bacteria?

Fungi are eukaryotes, while bacteria are prokaryotes.
Bacteria are heterotrophs, while fungi are autotrophs.
Bacteria have gametangia, while fungi do not.
Fungi have cell walls, while bacteria do not.

Answers

Bacteria are primitive unicellular organisms. Fungi are more complex, evolved, multicellular organisms. Option A). Fungi are eukaryotes, while bacteria are prokaryotes.

What are the characteristics of fungi?

Fungi is a group composed of eukaryotic organisms, among which we can find several species. They are multicellular organisms, and their cells have organelles, nucleus, cell membrane, and wall.

Let us review some common characteristics,

They are heterotrophic organisms, meaning they take energy and nutrients from other organisms. They do not produce it.

Their cell wall is composed of chitin which helps to avoid dehydration.

They reproduce either sёxually or asёxually. They produce spores in special structures known as asks.

Their structure is complex and composed of the mycelium and the fructiferous body.

Fungi are important to the ecosystem because they are one of the principal organic matter decomposers. But they are also significant for different human uses.

What are the characteristics of bacteria?

The bacteria domain is composed of a wide group of unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms with a simple structure and sized between 1 to 10 micrometers.

These organisms lack a nucleus, nuclear membrane, and organelles. They only present plasmids and ribosomes. They have a cell membrane and a cell wall that protects the cell. Some of them can also present a capsule.

They reproduce asexually and are either autotrophs and heterotrophs.

Options,

A) Fungi are eukaryotes, while bacteria are prokaryotes. TRUE

B) Bacteria are heterotrophs, while fungi are autotrophs. FALSE. Bacteria can be both, while fungi is heterotroph.

C) Bacteria have gametangia, while fungi do not. FALSE. Bacteria reproduces asexually.

D) Fungi have cell walls, while bacteria do not. FALSE. Bothe of them have cell walls.

The correct option is A). Fungi are eukaryotes, while bacteria are prokaryotes.

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Why did Mendel study pea plants?

Answers

Answer:

He chose peas because they had been used for similar studies, are easy to grow and can be sown each year.

Explanation:

I just saw the answer on the website :)

(≧▽≦)( ꈍᴗꈍ)

What best summarizes the differences between ancient and modern horses?

Answers

An ancient horse was used for labor and was made for carrying heavy loads of water horses are now built with more muscle in their legs

what the difference between saturated and unsaturated​

Answers

Saturated fats tend to come from animals, while unsaturated fats come from plants. Saturated fats also don’t have double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats normally have at least one. Also, unsaturated fat is healthier than saturated fat.

Answer:

Saturated fast are solid at room temperature, unsaturated fats are a liquid at room temperature.

Explanation:

Saturated fast are solid at room temperature and unsaturated fats are a liquid at room temperature. The reason is because in saturated fats there are no double bond between carbon atoms, this gives them their solid structure .

Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, this gives them their liquid form.

Rich has been a therapist for over fifteen years and most of that time he has used an assessment tool that uses random pictures to provoke an immediate response. Rich is looking to determine anxiety and depression in individuals, so he utilized the ________ for assessment.

Answers

Answer:

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Explanation:

yes

Rich is looking to determine anxiety and depression in individuals, so he utilized the Rorschach Inkblot Test for assessment.

What is Rorschach Inkblot Test?

Rorschach Inkblot Test may be defined as a type of test that utilizes some sort of images in inkblots in which some of them are black or gray and demonstrate the pattern of thought disorders like anxiety, depression, etc. in the case of schizophrenia.

This test is also utilized to estimate the personality of an individual, emotional disorders, and level of intelligence.

Therefore, it is well described above.

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why norovirus is a good pathogen?

Answers

answer: Noroviruses, unlike the Ebola virus, are extremely hardy, able to travel through the air and stay for days on surfaces where they can infect new people. "Noroviruses are perhaps the perfect human pathogen," one CDC scientist declared in a scientific review.

During which stage of interphase do cells copy their chromosomes?

Answers

Answer:

The S phase (Synthesis phase)

DNA replication takes place during the S-phase of interphase, creating two identical sets of DNA. The DNA coils and condenses into units known as chromosomes during the start of mitosis. The two identical sister chromatids that make up each chromosome are joined by a centromere.

How does DNA replication work?

The biological process of creating two identical copies of DNA from a single original DNA molecule is known as DNA replication.

A double helix of two complementary strands makes up DNA. These strands are split apart in the replication process. The method of semi-conservative replication uses each strand of the original DNA molecule as a template to create its counterpart.

Several enzymes that carry out this process are given below, along with their activities.

____________

DNA Dependent DNA POLYMERASE is a class of enzymes that is responsible for all organisms' DNA replication processes. It accelerates DNA replication in the 5′ to 3′ range.The enzyme known as TOPOISOMERASE is involved in the over- or under-winding of DNA.HELICASE—Using the energy from ATP hydrolysis, which is characterized by the breakdown of hydrogen bonds between annealed nucleotide bases, helicases are frequently employed to separate the strands of a DNA double helix or a self-annealed RNA molecule.DNA GYRASE, a particular kind of topoisomerase, relieves strain caused by DNA helicase's unwinding action.DNA LIGASE- Joins the OKAZAKI FRAGMENT of the lagging strand and re-anneals the semi-conservative strands.PRIMASE - Primase catalyzes the production of a short primer, which is a ssDNA template-specific piece of RNA (or DNA in other species).

REPLICATION FORK -(Attachment #1)

_________________

REPLICATION PROCESS -

INITIATION - The beginning of DNA replication takes place at certain locations in the DNA molecule known as ori-sites or regions. Enzymes often recognize these locations and initiate the process. As opposed to C-G base pairs, which produce three hydrogen bonds, A-T base pairs only form two hydrogen bonds, making them easier to strand split. As a result, these sites are typically "AT-rich" (rich in adenine and thymine bases). Following the discovery of the origin, enzymes create a pre-replication complex that unzips the double-stranded DNA. The enzyme topoisomerase is involved in this process.Elongation - The 5'-3' activity of the DNA polymerase enzyme. Now, a new strand was created by DNA polymerase enzymes in the direction of 5′ to 3′ (note: the DNA template is read in 3' to 5' direction). RNA primers were simultaneously created by the primase enzyme and utilized by the polymerase to create new strands of RNA.

As DNA polymerase enzyme has 5′ - 3′ direction so two types of strand are form -

LEADING STRAND - A DNA polymerase with high processivity that has the direction 5′ - 3′ (template strand 3′-5′) extends the continuous strand from the primer in the same direction as the replication fork that is expanding. One RNA primer is applied to the leading strand.

LAGGING STRAND - It is the discontinuous strand whose synthesis is going in the opposite direction of the replication fork that is developing. Each primer extends the lagging strand intermittently to create Okazaki fragments. A low processivity DNA polymerase that is different from the replicative polymerase enters to fill the gaps after RNase eliminates the priming RNA pieces. Multiple primers are applied to the lagging strand, and then the Okazaki fragments are joined by the ligase enzyme, filling in the gaps.

TERMINATION - Replication forks meet and end at several locations throughout the chromosome because eukaryotes start DNA replication at various locations; it is unknown how these are controlled. Termination necessitates the halting or blocking of the DNA replication fork's forward motion. When termination occurs at a particular locus, it includes the interaction of two elements: (1) a DNA sequence known as a termination site sequence, and (2) a protein that binds to this region to actually cease DNA replication.

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Which of the following describes what might happen with a sudden increase in precipitation in the grassland biome?

Rise in drought-tolerant plants
Salt and sediment deposition
Decline in severe storms
Nutrient loss and soil erosion

Answers

Answer

Nutrient loss and soil erosion

Explanation:

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