sodium is much more apt to exist as a cation than chlorine this is because choline has a higher tendency of gaining electrons than sodium as they have a different ionization energy
chlorine is a halogen { group 17} in period 3 with valence electrons which requires less energy to gain electrons while sodium is a group 1 element b and a period 3 element with 1 valence electron which is loosely attached with its energy structure.
The removal of this 1 valence electron in sodium is easier than in chlorine with 7 valence electrons this difference is brought about by the differences in ionization energies in both of the elements
ionization energy is the minimum energy which is required by an element to gain or lose a valence electron
It is easier for chlorine to gain electron to attain stability in its energy configuration
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In a hypotonic solution, water will move ____ the cell, causing the cell to ____.
In a hypotonic solution, water will move inside the cell, causing the cell to swell and burst.
Hypotonic solution refers to a solution that contains a lower amount of solute when compared to the solute concentration of other solutions, in a semipermeable membrane. Such kind of solutions basically have less solute concentration and water basically moves inside the cell membrane.
In hypotonic solutions, there is a net movement of the water from the solution into the body. Due to which if we place a cell in a hypotonic solution then that cell will start swelling up as the water is entering the cell and eventually it will burst out. And this process is called as cytolysis.
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Which molecules have been synthesized in experiments similar to the ones performed by miller and urey?.
The molecules have been synthesized in experiments similar to the ones performed by miller and urey is DNA.
Define DNA.A cell's genetic material, which carries the instructions necessary for an organism to grow and function. This knowledge is transmitted from one generation to the next through the use of DNA molecules.
What was replicated in the Miller-Urey experiment?The seminal Miller-Urey experiment demonstrated that several of the protein precursors required for life on Earth could be formed using only water, ammonia, hydrogen, and methane as well as electric sparks to simulate lightning. To mimic the chemistry of early Earth was Stanley Miller and Harold Urey's goal.
Hydrogen, methane, ammonia, water, and CH4 were all employed in the experiment (H2). A 500 ml glass flask half-filled with water and a sterile 5-liter glass flask with the chemicals all sealed inside were used as the system.
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What determines the reactivity of metals?.
Metal reactivity is primarily influenced by four factors: nuclear charge, atoms or ions, shielding effect, and subarea arrangement (of electrons).
Where can one find metals?The continental surface is where most pure metals are found. They are discovered in ores, which are solid materials from which metals and minerals can be extracted. The most of the planet's iron size, which compensates over a percent of it's own mass, is located in its core.
How do metals become made?Extraction of the unprocessed ore from the earth is the initial step in the production of metal alloys. The non-metal components, like as rock and rubbish, are eventually deleted from the ore during processing. The subsequent melting and combining of various metal components yields metal alloys.
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why is density referred to as a characteristic property of matter? the density of a substance is the same regardless of the mass and the volume of the substance at a given temperature. the density of a substance changes when you change the mass of the substance at a given temperature. the density of a substance changes when you change the volume of the substance at a given temperature. the density of a substance is the same regardless of the temperature of the substance.
Density is referred to as a characteristic property of matter because Option A. the density of a substance is the same regardless of the mass and the volume of the substance at a given temperature.
Density is the substance's mass consistent with the unit of quantity. The symbol most customarily used for density is ρ, despite the fact that the Latin letter D can also be used. Density is the size of ways tightly a cloth is packed together. it's far defined as the mass consistent with unit quantity.
ρ = m/V, wherein ρ is the density, m is the mass of the item and V is the quantity of the object.
The density of a liquid is a measure of how heavy it is for the quantity measured. in case you weigh the same amounts or volumes of two one-of-a-kind beverages, the liquid that weighs extra is greater dense.
The density is of two types, one is absolute density, and the alternative is relative density. Relative density is also called unique gravity, which is the ratio of the density of a material to the density of a reference material. typically, the reference fabric is water.
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what is the concentration of a solution made by diluting 75 ml of 6.0 m hcl to a final volume of 750 ml?
The concentration of a solution made by diluting 75 ml of 6.0 m hcl to a final volume of 750 ml is 0.6 M.
Given that :
molarity of solution M1 = 6.0 M
volume of the solution V1 = 750 mL
molarity of solution after dilution M2 = ?
Volume of solution after dilution V2 = 750 mL
using the dilution law we get :
M1 V1 = M2 V2
M2 = M1 V1 / V2
M2 = ( 6 × 75 ) / 750
M2 = 0.6 M
Thus, The concentration of a solution made by diluting 75 ml of 6.0 m HCl to a final volume of 750 ml is 0.6 M.
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What is this answer helpp
The answer is the properties of noble gas. The following correct two answers are :-
A colorless and odorless gasNon-reactiveThe noble gases are colorless, odorless, tasteless, and nonflammable under popular conditions. They have been once categorized institution zero in the periodic table because it become believed they'd a valence of zero, meaning their atoms can't combine with the ones of other elements to form compounds.
The most considerable property of the noble gases, group 18 is their state of being inactive. They occur in low concentrations within the surroundings. They locate makes use of as inert atmospheres, neon signs and symptoms, and as coolants. The 3 heaviest noble gases react with fluorine to form fluorides.
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. what products would you expect from oxidation of the following compounds with cro3 in aqueous acid? with pyridinium chlorochromate (pcc, c5h6ncro3cl) in dichloromethane? (a) 1-hexanol (b) 2-hexanol (c) hexanal
The oxidation of a) 1-hexanol b) 2-hexano c) hexanal with CrO3 in aqueous acid gives 1-hexanoic acid, 2-hexanone and 1-hexanoic acid respectively. The oxidation with PCC gives 1-hexanaldehyde, 2-hexanone and no reaction respectively.
What is PCC?
PCC is also called as pyridinium chlorochromate which is a yellow-orange salt. this is primarily used for the oxidation of alcohols which gives carbonyl compounds as products. It is one of the highly effective oxidizing agents for alcohols.
The oxidation of alcohols with CrO3 gives carbonyl compounds like aldehydes and ketones. With primary alcohol and aldehydes it gives carboxylic acid, whereas with secondary alcohol it gives ketones as products. PCC with primary alcohols give aldehyde, with secondary alcohols give ketone and with aldehyde there is no reaction.
Therefore, CrO3 with 1-hexanol and hexanal gives 1-hexanoic acid, with 2-hexanol gives 2-hexanone. PCC with 1-hexanol gives 1-hexanaldehyde, 2-hexanol gives 2-hexanone and with hexanal there is no reaction.
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a student collects hydrogen gas over water in a graduated cylinder. if the student measures that the total pressure inside the graduated cylinder is 0.949 atm and the experiment was performed at 25oc, what is the pressure of hydrogen gas? enter your answer numerically in units of atm.
The pressure of hydrogen gas is 0.9177 atm. The result is obtained by using the Dalton's law of partial pressures.
What is Dalton's law of partial pressures?The Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the amount of the partial pressures of the component gases. It can be expressed as
p = p₁ + p₂ + p₃ + ... + pₙ
Where
p = total pressure of a mixture of gasesp₁, p₂, p₃, ... = partial pressures of gasesCollected hydrogen gas over water in a graduated cylinder. The total pressure inside the graduated cylinder is 0.949 atm at the temperature of 25°C.
What is the pressure of hydrogen gas?
At the temperature of 25°C, the vapor pressure of water is 0.0313 atm.
If the total pressure of the mixture of gases is 0.949 atm, the pressure of hydrogen gas is
p = p vapor of water + p hydrogen
0.949 = 0.0313 + p hydrogen
p hydrogen = 0.949 - 0.0313
p hydrogen = 0.9177 atm
Hence, the pressure of hydrogen gas is 0.9177 atm.
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a solution containing barium iodide is mixed with one containing magnesium sulfate to form a solution that is 0.0130 m in bai2 and 0.00330 m in mgso4 . does a precipitate form in the newly mixed solution? ksp(baso4)
Q(4.29 × [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] ) > Ksp ( 1.07 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex]), so precipitate form in the newly mixed solution.
Ksp of Baso4 = 1.07 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex]
Solution contains 0.0130m BaI2 and 0.00330m MgSO4
BaI2 → Ba2+ + 2I-
0.0130 2(0.0130)
MgSO4 → Mg 2+ + SO42-
0.00330 0.00330
Q = [Ba2+] [So42-] = 0.0000429 = 4.29 × [tex]10^{-5}[/tex]
Q(4.29 × [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] ) > Ksp ( 1.07 × [tex]10^{-10}[/tex])
Precipitation in an aqueous solution is the process of changing a dissolved substance from a super-saturated solution into an insoluble solid. Precipitate refers to the solid that forms. The chemical agent responsible for the formation of the solid during an inorganic chemical reaction is known as the precipitant.
Supernate or supernatant are other names for the clear liquid that remains above the precipitated or centrifuged solid phase.
When solid impurities separate from a solid phase, the concept of precipitation can also be applied to other chemical fields, such as organic chemistry and biochemistry, as well as the solid phases (such as metallurgy and alloys).
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Compare the reaction for the expansion of methane with the reverse of the reaction that represents the standard enthalpy of formation. Which properties are the same for both reactions and which are different?.
SAME: -the condition of the molecules of methane.
DIFFERENT: Each element's total number of atoms
-the reaction's enthalpy change
-the atomic state of carbon
What does combustion's standard enthalpy change mean?Enthalpy change of combustion on a standard basis, H°c
When one mole of a compound is burned fully in oxygen under standard circumstances and with everything in its normal state, the enthalpy change that results is known as the compound's standard enthalpy change during burning.
What connection exists between standardized enthalpy and the enthalpy of formation?The standard enthalpy change of formation is defined as the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the products less the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants in this equation.
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cosider a series of rh(iii) reactions known to be activated by dissociative (or id) pathways. what is the expected effect
Correct option is changing the leaving group from SCN⁻ to Cl⁻
What exactly are the dissociative and associative mechanisms?Briefly stated, associative mechanisms entail binding a fresh ligand to the complex compound, whereas dissociative mechanisms entail releasing a ligand from the complex compound.
These patterns of interpersonal assistance are known as associative processes. They participate in at least one area of social life. Dissociative processes separate individuals from one another. They are different in a few different facets of social life.
In Dissociative mechanism, the metal ligand bond should be weak
so dissociation of bond easily takes place.
Cl⁻ is better leaving group than SCN⁻
Correct option is changing the leaving group from SCN⁻ to Cl⁻.
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Complete question is "Consider a series of Rh(III) reactions known to be activated by dissociative (or ld) pathways.
What is the expected effect of the following changes on the rate of the reactions:
a. An increase on the overall charge on the complex.
b. Changing the leaving group from SCN to Cl
c. Changing the entering group from Cl- to I."
Contractile vacuoles are organelles that maintain water balance by pumping excess water out of some single-celled pond organisms. In humans, the kidney is an organ chiefly involved in maintaining water balance. These facts best illustrate that.
These facts serve as the best examples of how the tissues, organs, and organ systems in all living things collaborate to maintain homeostasis because contractile vacuoles are organelles that regulate water balance
Homeostasis is the term used to describe the body's need to achieve and preserve a specific state of equilibrium. A physiologist by the name of Walter Cannon first used the term in 1926. The tendency of the body to keep internal conditions, like blood sugar and temperature, at essentially constant and stable levels is known as homeostasis.
Between cells and an entire organ, there is a biological organisational level called tissue. An assembly of comparable cells and their extracellular matrix from the same origin that work together to perform a particular function is referred to as a tissue.
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What volume of ideal gas is occupied by 4.70 moles of that gas at 50 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 0.980 atm?
Answer in Liters. Round to one decimal place.
As a result, it is easier to calculate the volume occupied by any number of moles of a given gas when you are aware of its molar volume at a particular temperature and pressure.
Why would knowing the molar volume of a gas be important?The molar volume of a gas specifies the volume that one mole of that particular gas fills at a given temperature and pressure.The most prevalent illustration is the molar volume of a gas at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), which is equal to 22.4 L for 1 mole of any ideal gas at a temperature of 273.15 K and a pressure of 1.00 atm.Therefore, knowing that 1 mole occupies 22.4 L makes it easy to calculate the volume occupied by any number of moles of an ideal gas when given these values for temperature and pressure.V = n ⋅ V molar
The volume will be for 2 moles of a gas at STP.
2 moles⋅22.4L/mol=44.8 L
The volume will be for 0.5 moles.
0.5moles⋅22.4L/mol=11.2L , and so forth.
The ideal gas law P V = n R T is used to determine a gas's molar volume.
PV=nRT→V=nRT/P→Vn=RT/P
Consider the situation where you were requested to calculate the gas' molar volume at 355 K and 2.5 atm of pressure. Because molar volume refers to the space that one mole occupies, you'd receive
V/1 mole=0.082(L⋅atm/mol⋅K)⋅355K/2.5atm=11.6L/mol
1 mole takes up this volume at 355 K and 2.5 atm. It is evident that under these circumstances, any number of moles' volume can be easily calculated:
2moles⋅11.6L/mol=23.2L
0.5moles⋅11.6L/mol=5.8L and so forth.
As a result, it is easier to calculate the volume occupied by any number of moles of a given gas when you are aware of its molar volume at a particular temperature and pressure.
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If the following elements were to form ions, they would attain the same number of electrons as which noble gas?.
Similar to He, the Li+ ion also possesses two electrons. Similar to Ne, the ions Mg2+ and O2 each have ten electrons. Similar to Ar, the S2 and K+ also contain 18 electrons. Like Kr, the ions As3 and Rb+ each have 36 electrons.
Atoms outermost electron shell is where lone pairs are located. By employing a Lewis structure, they may be located. If two electrons are paired but aren't utilised in chemical bonding, they are consequently referred to as lone pairs. So, the amount of valence electrons around an atom is equal to the sum of the number of electrons in lone pairs and the number of electrons in bonds.
In order to describe the geometries of molecules, the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) uses the idea of a lone pair in an atom. In the chemistry, they are also mentioned.
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you have discovered an enzyme consisting of four identical units, each of which catalyzes the same reaction. what might this structure do to the reaction rate in a cell?
It will slow down the reaction rate as the four subunits compete for substrate and thus will show competitive inhibition.
When the inhibitor and substrate attach to the same location, competitive inhibition results. The structural similarity between the substrate and the inhibitor provides the molecular basis for the binding of competitive inhibition at the active site. As a result, the enzyme is "tricked" into identifying and binding the inhibitor. All the subunits of the enzyme are identical and thus they might compete with each for binding to active site and thus slow down the reaction rate.
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how many grams of hcl are needed to make 200.0 ml of a 3.0 m solution?
The number of moles of HCl in 200 ml of 3 molar solution is 0.6 moles. The mass of HCl needed to prepare 200 ml of 3 molar solution is 22.5 g.
What is molarity?Molarity is a concentration term used to express the amount of solute in a solution. It is the ratio of number of moles of solute to the volume of solution in liters.
Given that the volume of HCl solution to be prepared is 200 ml or 0.2 L. The number of moles of HCl in 0.2 L of 3 molar solution is :
number of moles = molarity × volume in liter
= 0.2 × 3M
= 0.6 moles
The molar mass of HCl is 37.5 g/mol. Thus mass of 0.6 moles is 0.6 × 37.5 = 22.5 g.
Therefore, the mass of HCl needed to prepare the solution is 22.5 g.
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Answer: 21.876
Explanation:
M = mol/L
M = 3
mol = x
L = 0.2 (200 mL is 0.2 L)
So,
3 = x/0.2 = 0.6 mol
Then,
0.6 multiplied by 36.46 = 21.876
a chemist makes of silver perchlorate working solution by adding distilled water to of a stock solution of silver perchlorate in water.
A chemist's working solution has a concentration of 6.718 mol/L in the supplied statement.
What is distilled water used for?Involve battery, automobile cooling equipment, or other devices whose mineral buildup might be harmful are sterilized using distilled water. It is perfect for use in skin care items, canning goods, or cleaning laboratory equipment because it doesn't contain any other minerals or pollutants.
Why can't we drink distilled water?Dehydration and health issues due to a lack of critical nutrients are brought on by drinking distilled water. Because of body absorbs dissolved salts from water into tissue, consuming distilled water is not a bad idea.
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vinegar is a solution of acetic acid in water. if a 225 mlml bottle of distilled vinegar contains 30.1 mlml of acetic acid, what is the volume percent (v/v) of the solution?
The ratio of 30.1 ml of acetic acid to 225 ml of vinegar, expressed as a volume percent (v/v) is 13.38%.
To calculate the volume percent (v/v) of the solution in a 225-ml bottle of distilled vinegar, substitute the following numbers for the formula of volume percent:
Volume of solute/volume of solvent is expressed as a percentage (v/v%); 100 v/v = 30.1 ml/225 ml, or 13.38%.
The ratio of the volume of a solute present in a solution to the volume of the solution as a whole is known as the volume percent of a solution.
In addition, this fraction needs to be increased by 100 since this sort of concentration, which is commonly computed for liquid- and gas-phase solutions.
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What defines the symbols used in architectural plans?.
The legend defines the symbols used in architectural plans.
The architectural plan symbols and notations are described in the legend. There, for particular projects, are numerous common symbols. To ensure accuracy, it is crucial to review the legend for each project because symbols' appearances and meanings can vary. Construction companies, for instance, can provide a collection of drawings with their own special set of blueprint symbols. Moreover, depending on who you ask, a number of symbols with various appearances may all refer to the same thing. Or, various specialties of employees may interpret the same symbol differently. To understand what the symbols on each individual plan imply, always check the legend.
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When preparing a solution in a cuvette, make sure to handle the cuvette by the ________ and avoid touching the __________ then, ___________ the cuvette before placing it in the spectrophotometer.
When preparing a solution in a cuvette ,make sure to handle the cuvette by the rim and avoid touching the transparent sides.then,blot all sides of the cuvette before placing it in the spectrometer.
Cuvette are a type of vessel which is necessary for spectral analysis of liquid samples.It is a small rectangular tube to hold the aqueous solution in it.this is used in spectrometric measurements to measure the absorbance of specific wavelength.
When preparing a solution, we have to handle the cuvette carefully to avoid breakage. We have to avoid contact with clear side of the cuvette with any hard surfaces. Avoid spillage of the solution on the outer side of the cuvette while filling the cuvette. Always hold the cuvette the opaque side with the two fingers and transparent sides are not being touched. Always clear them with the tissue paper before keeping cuvette inside the holder. Avoid applying excessive force while placing the cuvette in the holder.
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Which of the following are compounds? (Select all that apply.)
Ne
Cl.2
NaCl
CO.2
Answer:
Explanation:
CO2 and NaCI are both compounds.
calculate the ph of a solution that is 0.075 m in trimethylamine, (ch3)3n , and 0.12 m in trimethylammonium chloride, ( (ch3)3nhcl ).
The buffer's pH value is 10.10.
Why is pH so crucial?The crucial parameter of pH represents the chemistry of a solution. The pH can affect how readily available nutrients are, how biological processes work, how bacteria behave, and how chemicals behave.
Trimethylamine is a weak base that creates a buffer when present with its conjugate base, trimethylammonium ion.
We use the H-H equation for weak bases to get the pH of the buffer:
pOH = pKb + log [Conjugate acid] / [Weak base]
pKb is -log Kb = 4.20
pOH = 4.20 + log [N(CH₃)₃] / [NH(CH₃)₃]
Replacing the concentrations of the problem:
pOH = 4.20 + log [0.075M] / [0.12M]
pOH = 3.9
As pH = 14 -pOH
The buffer's pH value is 10.10.
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You have 14.32g N2 and 4.21g H2.
Your balanced equation looks like this: N2 + 3H2 2NH3
What is the limiting reactant?
N2 = 28.02 g H2 = 2.02 g NH3 = 17.04 g
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The limiting reagent here is the Hydrogen gas
Limiting reagents are substances that are completely used up or consumed in a chemical reaction, they are also referred to as limiting reactants as well. According to stoichiometry of chemical reactions a fixed amount are reactants are supposed to react with each other in order to complete the chemical reaction, and if some reagent is less in amount for the reaction then it is considered as limiting reagents.
In the above given reaction we can see that 3 moles of Hydrogen gas are required to react with one mole of 1 mole of Nitrogen gas to form 2 moles of Ammonia. But if in case in the reaction only 2 moles of Hydrogen are available with 1 mole of Nitrogen.
In that case we cannot use the whole quantity of Nitrogen, because the whole amount of Nitrogen requires 3 moles of Hydrogen and we have just 2 mole.
Hence we can say that the Hydrogen gas is limiting the reaction and therefore it is called as the limiting reagent
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what is the concentration of a solution formed by diluting 160 ml of 12.0 m hcl solution to 660 ml? m
The concentration of a solution formed by diluting 160 ml of 12.0 m hcl solution to 660 ml is 2.9 M.
given that :
The concentration , M1 = 12.0 M
the volume , V1 = 12.0 mL = 160 mL = 0.160 L
The volume V2 = 660 mL = 0.660 L
concentration , M2 = ?
using the dilution law we get :
M1 V1 = M2 V2
M2 = M1 V1 / V2
M2 = (12 × 0.160 ) /0.660
M2 = 2.9 M
Thus, after diluting the solution with 160 mL of 12 M HCl then the concentration of the solution formed = 2.9 M.
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______ is a water-soluble vitamin that is especially important in amino acid metabolism, and is a coenzyme in over 100 chemical reactions.
Vitamin B-6 is the water-soluble vitamin important in amino acid metabolism, and is a coenzyme in over 100 chemical reactions.
What is a vitamin?Vitamins are organic molecules, essential micronutrients that organisms need in small amounts for the proper functioning of their metabolism. Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body or are not available in sufficient amounts and must be obtained from food.
The vitamins are classified as either fat-soluble (vitamins A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (vitamins B, C). The difference between these two groups determines how each vitamin functions in the body. Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed quickly and excess is released, whereas fat-soluble vitamins dissolve slowly and excess is stored in the liver, means that it may cause problems.
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if an elements first ionization is large what can you predict about its atomic radius, electron affinity and electronegativity
First ionization energy is the energy required to remove the outermost or highest energy electron from a neutral atom in a gaseous state
Elements that have high ionization energy have smaller atomic radii this is because they require more energy for them to lose an electron
the valence electrons in the outer shell are strongly pulled by the nucleus.
electron affinity is the amount of energy liberated when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negatively charged ion
The elements with higher ionization energy have a negative showing that they have the highest tas they will release massive energy if an electron is forced to enter their atoms.
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Nitrogen is the central atom in molecules of nitrous oxide, N2O. The Lewis structure for another possible arrangement is shown here. Assign formal charges to each atom.
N=O=N
The Lewis structure of the molecule and the formal charge are shown in the image attached.
What is the Lewis structure?The term Lewis structure has to do with the structure that shows the arrangement of the atoms that can be found in a compound. In the Lewis structure we can find the symbols of the various elements in the compound and then the number of electron pairs that are attached to each of the atoms.
Now we can see that there are formal charges that are attached to particular structures. The formal structures are used to be able to tell us the overall charge that is present in the molecule.
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in the combustion of ethane, 2c2h6(g) 7o2(g) 4co2(g) 6h2o(g), what volume of o2 will be required to react completely with 27.6 l of c2h6?
The volume of O₂ will be required to react completely with 27.6 l of C₂H₆ is 96.6liters.
What exactly does "combustion response" mean?The release of energy occurs as a result of the chemical reaction known as combustion, in which an oxidizing agent and fuel combine to undergo oxidation (usually in the form of heat).
Given equation,
2C₂H₆(g) 7O₂(g)→ 4CO₂(g) 6H₂O(g)
According to the following equation, 7 moles of oxygen are required for the full combustion of 2 moles of ethane.
Avogadro's law states that for a complete combustion of 2 volumes of ethane, 7 volumes of oxygen are required. This means that for complete combustion, 7 liters of oxygen require 2 liters of ethane.
So, the volume of oxygen that can react with 27.6 liters of ethane
= 27.6(7/2) = 96.6liters.
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Thymol Blue (color change Ph 8.0 - 9.6) might be selected as an indicator for the titration of a weak acid with a strong base. Can you estimate the pH at the equivalence point?would the answer be:a. No. We would need to know the volumes of both the analyte and the titrant before we could do that.b. Yes. The equivalence point should be somewhere between a pH of 3.1 and 4.4.c. Yes. The equivalence point should be somewhere between a pH of 9.6 and 10.6.d. Yes. The equivalence point should be somewhere between a pH of 7.0 and 8.0.e. No. We would need to know the concentration of the titrant before we could do that.f. Yes. The equivalence point should be somewhere between a pH of 8.0 and 9.6.
Equivalence point should, in fact, range from pH 8.0 to 9.6. Indicator's color must change at equivalent moment. pH range between 8.0 and 9.6 is predicted to be equivalency point for titration using thymol blue.
Which indicator is most prevalent?On "litmus" paper, the indication is most frequently detected. Below pH 4.5, it is red, and beyond pH 8.2, it is blue. Various other commercial pH sheets may display colors for each major pH unit. A blend of indicators called Universal Indicator is able to offer a full spectrum of colors for the pH scale.
What are reliable signs?Reliable: Measured consistently throughout time and by several data collectors. Useful: Can be applied to show program results and enhance programs. Adequate: Capable of tracking changes over time and advancement toward goals or results. Easy to grasp and interpret: Understandable.
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which general trend is found in grouo 3 as the elements are considered in order of increasing atomic number
Answer:
2
Explanation:
2 is correct because the number of charges on the nucleus increases, causing a stronger attraction for the bonding of electrons (and thus greater electronegativity).