Two factors which affect the amount of rotation of the plane of rotation of polarized light by an optically active substance are the optical pathlength and the wavelength of the light used
Define polarized light
Light waves that have a single plane of vibration are said to be polarized. Polarization is the process through which non-polarized light is converted into polarized light. There are numerous ways to polarize light.
The ability of a substance to rotate the polarization plane of plane-polarized light is known as optical activity, and the compound that possesses this ability is referred to as optically active. A chiral medium's optical rotation is dependent on the optical pathlength, the light's wavelength, the system's temperature, and the quantity of dissymmetric analyte molecules present.
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TRUE OR FALSE. Displacement tonnage is the weight of the ship, when empty, measured by the weight of the volume of water it displaces.
True. Displacement tonnage is the weight of a ship when it is empty, measured by the weight of the volume of water it displaces. This is usually expressed in long tons, which is 2,240 pounds.
What is Displacement?Displacement is a vector quantity which measures the change in position of an object from its starting point. It is the shortest distance between two points and is a measure of how far an object has moved. This quantity is commonly used in physics to describe the motion of objects, as the direction of an object's displacement is in the same direction as its velocity. Displacement can also be interpreted as the difference between an object's initial and final position in a given period of time.
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Knowing that the speed of light in the vitreous humor is 2.1 × 108 m/s, what is the index of refraction of the vitreous humor? (Note: The speed of light in a vacuum is 3.0 × 108 m/s.)
A) 0.7
B) 1.4
C) 2.1
D) 3.0
Knowing that the speed of light in the vitreous humor is 2.1 × 10⁸ m/s, 1.4 is the index of refraction of the vitreous humor.
What is the meaning of the index of refraction?
The relative speed of light in various mediums is quantified by the refractive index. The ability to recognize the direction in which the light would bend when moving from one medium to another is made possible by knowledge of the refractive indices of various media. Refraction is the term for the bending of light as it passes through transparent materials (it also occurs with sound, water, and other waves). We are able to create lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms, and rainbows because to this bending caused by refraction.
Index of refraction = speed of light in vacuum/speed of light in the medium
The speed of light in a vacuum is 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s.
The speed of light in the vitreous humor is 2.1 × 10⁸ m/s
Index of refraction = 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s/2.1 × 10⁸ m/s
Index of refraction = 1.4
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a convex lens is placed on a flat glass plate and illuminated from above with monochromatic red light. when viewed from above, concentric bands of red and dark are observed. what does one observe at the exact center of the lens where the lens and the glass plate are in direct contact?a convex lens is placed on a flat glass plate and illuminated from above with monochromatic red light. when viewed from above, concentric bands of red and dark are observed. what does one observe at the exact center of the lens where the lens and the glass plate are in direct contact?one observes a dark spot.
When a convex lens is placed on a flat glass plate and illuminated from above with monochromatic red light, concentric bands of red and dark are observed.
These bands are a result of the interference of light waves that are reflected from the top and bottom surfaces of the lens and the glass plate. The areas of constructive interference appear red, while the areas of destructive interference appear dark.
At the exact center of the lens where the lens and the glass plate are in direct contact, one observes a dark spot. This is because the thickness of the lens and the glass plate is the same at the center, so the light waves that are reflected from the top and bottom surfaces of the lens and the glass plate are in phase and cancel each other out. As a result, no light is transmitted through this region, and a dark spot is observed.
This phenomenon is known as the "Newton's rings" and is commonly used in the field of optics to measure the flatness of surfaces. The size of the dark spot at the center of the lens depends on the thickness of the lens and the glass plate, and the wavelength of the light used. The smaller the thickness and the shorter the wavelength, the smaller the size of the dark spot.
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Respond to the following student statement:
(static electricity)
"A positively charged object is an object that has an excess of positive electrons."
No, that is incorrect. A positively charged object is an object that has an excess of protons. Electrons are negatively charged, so an object with an excess of them would be negatively charged.
What is proton?Proton is a subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of atoms. It has a positive electric charge and a mass that is approximately 1,836 times that of a hydrogen atom. Protons are the building blocks of all matter, as they combine with neutrons and electrons to form atoms. Protons can also interact with other particles and form subatomic particles, such as protons and antiprotons. Protons are a type of baryon and are made up of three quarks. Protons are among the most stable particles in nature and play an important role in the structure of the universe.
Static electricity is caused by an imbalance of electrons between two objects. When a positively charged object comes close to a negatively charged object, the electrons will be attracted to the positively charged object, resulting in a static electric charge.
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Design a double-dwell cam to move a follower from 0 to 2.5 in in 60 degrees, dwell for 120 degrees, fall 2.5 in in 30 degrees, and dwell for the reminder. The total cycle must take 4 seconds. Chosse suitable functions for rise and fall to minimize accelarations. USE CYCLOIDAL DISPLACEMENT. DO NOT USE MODIFIED TRAPEZOIDAL ACCELARATION.
This double-dwell cam will move a follower from 0 to 2.5 in in 60 degrees, dwell for 120 degrees, fall 2.5 in in 30 degrees, and dwell for the remainder of the 4 second cycle, while minimizing accelerations.
What is accelerations?Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, or the rate at which an object's speed or direction is changing.
The cycloidal displacement function for this double-dwell cam is given by the following equation:
Position = A + B sin(θ) + C cos(θ) + D tan(θ)
Where A, B, C and D are constants determined by the desired motion profile.
For our double-dwell cam, the constants can be determined by solving the following four equations:
A = 0
B = 2.5 in/60°
C = 0
D = 0.6 in/s²
Therefore, the cycloidal displacement function for the double-dwell cam is given by:
Position = 2.5 in/60° sin(θ) + 0.6 in/s² tan(θ)
This double-dwell cam will move a follower from 0 to 2.5 in in 60 degrees, dwell for 120 degrees, fall 2.5 in in 30 degrees, and dwell for the remainder of the 4 second cycle, while minimizing accelerations.
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A circuit is constructed with a resistor, two inductors, one capacitor, one battery and a switch as shown. The value of the resistance is R1 = 289 Ω. The values for the inductances are: L1 = 394 mH and L2 = 172 mH. The capacitance is C = 91 μF and the battery voltage is V = 12 V. The positive terminal of the battery is indicated with a + sign.Aww 0000 00001) The switch has been closed for a long time when at time t = 0, the switch is opened. What is UL1(0), the magnitude of the energy stored in inductor L1 just after the switch is opened?2) What is ωo, the resonant frequency of the circuit just after the switch is opened?
The resonant frequency of the circuit just after the switch is opened is ωo = 250.86 rad/s.
When the switch is opened at time t=0, the current through inductor L1 is interrupted and the energy stored in it will start to discharge. The energy stored in an inductor is given by the formula E=1/2 * L * I^2, where E is the energy, L is the inductance, and I is the current.
Just before the switch is opened, the current through inductor L1 is equal to the current in the circuit, which can be found using Ohm's Law: V=IR. Thus, I=V/R1 = 12/289 = 0.0415 A.
Therefore, the energy stored in inductor L1 just after the switch is opened is:
E = 1/2 * L1 * I^2 = 1/2 * 0.394 * 0.0415^2 = 0.000034 J
So, UL1(0) = 0.000034 J
2) The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is given by the formula:
ωo = 1/√(LC)
where ωo is the resonant frequency, L is the inductance, and C is the capacitance.
At t=0, the capacitor is fully charged and there is no current in the circuit. Thus, the initial conditions for the circuit are: i(0)=0 and vC(0)=12V.
The impedance of the circuit just after the switch is opened can be found using the formula:
Z = R1 + j(ωL2 - 1/(ωC))
where j is the imaginary unit, ω is the angular frequency, and L2 is the inductance of the second inductor.
To find the resonant frequency, we need to find the value of ω that makes the impedance Z purely resistive. This means that the imaginary part of Z must be equal to zero. So:
ωL2 - 1/(ωC) = 0
ωL2 = 1/(ωC)
ω^2 = 1/(L2C)
ωo = √(1/(L2C)) = √(1/((0.172)(91x10^-6))) = 250.86 rad/s
Therefore, the resonant frequency of the circuit just after the switch is opened is ωo = 250.86 rad/s.
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In the circuit shown, the switch is closed and the capacitor charges up. Calculate how long it takes for the charge to decrease by 80% in this capacitor when the switch is opened. Assume C = 0.040 μF, R= 300 Ω.
The time it takes for the charge on the capacitor to decrease by 80% when the switch is opened is 6.63 microseconds.
What is the time it takes for a capacitor's charge to decrease by 80% when the switch is opened, given C = 0.040 μF and R= 300 Ω?
We can use the equation for the voltage on a capacitor as it discharges through a resistor:
V(t) = V0 * exp(-t / RC)
where V0 is the initial voltage on the capacitor, R is the resistance, C is the capacitance, t is time, and exp() is the exponential function.
To find the time it takes for the charge on the capacitor to decrease by 80%, we need to solve for t when V(t) = 0.2 * V0.
We can solve for t by plugging in the values supplied in the problem:
0.2 * V0 = V0 * exp(-t / RC)
0.2 = exp(-t / RC)
Taking the natural logarithm of both sides:
ln(0.2) = ln(exp(-t / RC))
ln(0.2) = -t / RC
t = -ln(0.2) * RC
Inputting the values for R and C from the problem:
t = -ln(0.2) * 300 * 0.00000004
t = 6.63 microseconds
Therefore, it takes approximately 6.63 microseconds for the charge on the capacitor to decrease by 80% when the switch is opened.
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In a crash, the vehicle body, front and back is designed to absorb energy - it is engineered to "crumple up." As the crumpling occurs, energy is absorbed.T/F
True. In a crash, the vehicle body, including the front and back, is designed to absorb energy through a process called "crumple zones."
These zones are engineered to crumple up during a collision, which helps absorb the energy and reduce the impact on the occupants.
Crumple zones are specific areas of a vehicle, typically located in the front and rear, that are designed to deform or collapse in a controlled manner upon impact. These zones are carefully engineered to absorb and dissipate the energy generated during a collision.
When a vehicle collides with an object or another vehicle, the crumple zones undergo controlled deformation, effectively lengthening the time it takes for the vehicle to come to a complete stop.
By increasing the duration of the impact, the force applied to the occupants is reduced, helping to mitigate the severity of injuries.
The deformation of the crumple zones absorbs a significant portion of the kinetic energy, converting it into work done on the vehicle structure. This energy absorption helps prevent it from being transmitted directly to the passenger compartment, where the occupants are seated.
The design of crumple zones varies depending on the vehicle make and model, but the primary goal is always to enhance occupant safety.
By sacrificing the integrity of the vehicle structure, crumple zones serve to protect the individuals inside by dissipating the crash energy over a larger area and extending the time of the collision.
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A single-turn wire loop is 3. 8 cm in diameter and carries a 620 mA current. A. Find the magnetic field strength at the loop center. B. Find the magnetic field strength on the loop axis, 25 cm from the center. (units for part B must be in nT)
A single-turn wire loop is 3.8 cm in diameter and carries a 620 mA current. A. The magnetic field strength at the center of the loop is 1.03 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] T. B. The magnetic field strength on the loop axis, 25 cm from the center, is 19.6nT.
A. To find the magnetic field strength at the center of the loop, we can use the formula
B = μ0I/2R
Where μ0 is the permeability of free space, I is the current, and R is the radius of the loop.
We are given that the loop has a diameter of 3.8 cm, so its radius is
R = 3.8 cm / 2 = 1.9 cm = 0.019 m
We are also given that the current in the loop is
I = 620 mA = 0.62 A
And we know that the permeability of free space is
μ0 = 4π x [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] T m/A
Substituting these values into the formula, we get
B = μ0I/2R = (4π x [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] T m/A )(0.62 A)/(2 x 0.019 m) = 1.03 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] T
Therefore, the magnetic field strength at the center of the loop is 1.03 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] T.
B. To find the magnetic field strength on the loop axis, 25 cm from the center, we can use the formula
B = μ0I/2r
Where r is the distance from the center of the loop to the point on the axis.
We are given that r = 25 cm = 0.25 m.
Substituting the other values from part A, we get
B = μ0I/2r = (4π x [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] T m/A )(0.62 A)/(2 x 0.25 m) = 1.96 x [tex]10^{-8}[/tex]T
Therefore, the magnetic field strength on the loop axis, 25 cm from the center, is 19.6nT.
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Molecules in a solid
A. are harder than molecules in liquids or gases.
B. transfer heat to their neighbors by a process called convection.
C. have no internal energy because they are not moving around.
D. are held in nearly fixed positions by strong attractive forces.
Molecules in a solid are held in nearly fixed positions by strong attractive forces. The correct answer is D.
This is what gives solids their rigid and definite shape, unlike liquids and gases which are able to flow and take the shape of their containers. In a solid, molecules vibrate around their fixed positions but do not move around like they do in liquids or gases.
Because of their fixed positions, molecules in a solid are not able to transfer heat to their neighbors by convection like they do in liquids or gases. Instead, heat is transferred through a process called conduction where the heat is transferred from one molecule to the next through direct contact.
It is also important to note that molecules in a solid do have internal energy, even though they are not moving around. This energy is in the form of their vibrations and the strength of the attractive forces holding them in place.
Overall, understanding the behavior of molecules in different states of matter is crucial for many fields of science, including chemistry and physics.
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what would you call the long gray horizontal feature next to the letter a you see in the hydrogen alpha picture of the sun below? virtual solar observation image a group of answer choices solar flare sunspot solar prominence solar granule solar filament
The long gray horizontal feature next to the letter 'a' in the hydrogen alpha picture of the sun is called a solar filament.
A solar filament is a large, elongated structure made of dense, cooler plasma suspended in the sun's magnetic field.
They appear as dark lines or curves on the solar surface when viewed in hydrogen-alpha images.
Solar filaments are different from solar flares, sunspots, solar prominences, and solar granules, which are other phenomena occurring on the sun.
In the provided hydrogen-alpha image of the sun, the feature you are referring to next to the letter 'a' is a solar filament, a structure composed of cooler plasma suspended in the sun's magnetic field.
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The relationship between the actual air temperature X (in degrees Fahrenheit) and the temperature Y adjusted for wind chill (in degrees Fahrenheit, given a 10 mph wind) is given by the formula: y= -16 + 1.2x . Estimate the actual air temperature if the temperature adjusted for wind chill is -25 degrees Fahrenheit.a. -15b. -7.5c. -47d. -22.5
-47 degrees Fahrenheit is the actual air temperature if the temperature adjusted for wind chill is -25 degrees Fahrenheit
Define temperature
How hot or chilly the air is is determined by its temperature. The most typical weather parameter is it. Temperature is a more precise term for the kinetic energy, or energy of motion, of the airborne gases. The air temperature rises when gas molecules travel more swiftly.
Surface temperature is another name for it in meteorology. A thermometer that is placed outside but shielded from the light will read the temperature of the air.
y= -16 + 1.2x
The temperature adjusted for wind chill , Y is -25 degrees Fahrenheit
The actual air temperature is X
-25 = -16 + 1.2x
1.2x = -25+16
x = -9/1.2
x = -47
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Two resistors, one with resistance R and the second with resistance 4R are placed in a circuit with a voltage V. If resistance R dissipated power P, what would be the power dissipated by the 4R resistance?
A) 4P
B) 2P
C) 1/2P
D) 1/4P
The power dissipated by a resistor is given by the formula P = V^2/R, where V is the voltage across the resistor and R is its resistance.
For the resistor with resistance R, the power dissipated is given as P.
For the resistor with resistance 4R, the voltage across it will be the same as the voltage across the R resistor (since they are connected in the same circuit), but the resistance is four times greater.
Using the formula for power, we get:
P = V^2/R
P' = V^2/(4R)
To compare the powers dissipated by the two resistors, we can simplify the expressions by eliminating the voltage V:
P/P' = (V^2/R) / (V^2/(4R))
P/P' = 4
Therefore, the power dissipated by the 4R resistor is four times the power dissipated by the R resistor.
Answer: A) 4P
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21) An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion. During this process, its entropy
A) decreases.
B) remains unchanged.
C) increases.
D) cannot be predicted from the data given.
The entropy of an ideal gas undergoing isothermal expansion increases (option c).
The entropy of an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal expansion increases because there is a transfer of heat from the surroundings to the system.
This increase in energy causes the molecules of the gas to become more disordered, increasing the system's entropy.
The change in entropy can be calculated using the formula ΔS = Q/T, where ΔS is the change in entropy, Q is the heat transferred, and T is the temperature.
Since the process is isothermal, the temperature remains constant, meaning that any increase in entropy must be due to the transfer of heat.
Therefore, the correct answer is C) increases.
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according to phil, when compared to lower mass stars, higher mass stars go out group of answer choices A. silently with a bang B. with a whimper D. with an explosion C. with a whisper
When compared to lower mass stars, higher mass stars go out silently with a bang.
What is mass?Mass is the physical property of a physical body that is a measure of its inertia and is measured in kilograms (kg). It is the amount of matter contained in an object, and is different from weight, which is a measure of the force of gravity on an object. Mass is an intrinsic property of an object, meaning it is not affected by outside forces, such as gravity. Mass is related to the density of an object, which is a measure of how tightly packed the particles that make up the object are.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
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A skateboarder rolls 25.0 m down a hill that descends at an angle of 20.0 degrees with the horizontal. Find the horizontal and vertical components of the skate boarder's displacement.
The horizontal component of the skateboarder's displacement is 24.8 m and the vertical component of the skateboarder's displacement is 8.94 m.
What is displacement?Displacement is a vector quantity that describes the distance and direction of an object's change in position. It is the measurement of how far an object has moved from its original point of reference. Displacement is calculated by subtracting the initial position from the final position. It is important to note that displacement is not the same as distance.
Horizontal component:
The horizontal component of the skateboarder's displacement can be found using the equation:
H = D x cos(θ)
where H is the horizontal component, D is the magnitude of the displacement, and θ is the angle with the horizontal.
Therefore, the horizontal component of the skateboarder's displacement is:
H = 25.0 m x cos(20.0°) = 24.8 m
Vertical component:
The vertical component of the skateboarder's displacement can be found using the equation:
V = D x sin(θ)
where V is the vertical component, D is the magnitude of the displacement, and θ is the angle with the horizontal.
Therefore, the vertical component of the skateboarder's displacement is:
V = 25.0 m x sin(20.0°) = 8.94 m.
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Radiative energy is A. heat energy. B. energy carried by light. C.energy from nuclear power plants. D.energy used to power home radiators. E energy of motion
Radiative energy refers to energy carried by light and transmitted through space in the form of electromagnetic waves.
What is radiative energy and how is it transmitted?
Radiative energy refers to energy that is transmitted through space in the form of electromagnetic waves. This can include visible light, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, radio waves, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
This type of energy is responsible for a wide range of phenomena, including heat transfer, photosynthesis, and the operation of electronic devices such as radios and televisions. Therefore, radiative energy is not necessarily the same as heat energy, energy from nuclear power plants, energy used to power home radiators, or energy of motion.
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Daisy (50. kg mass) skates on ice at 4.0 m/s to greet her friend (70. kg mass), who is standing still, with open arms. As they collide, while holding each other, with what speed do they both move off together?
answer choices:
a) 5.0m/s
b) 1.7 m/s
c) zero
d) 2.5 m/s
The momentum before the collision should be equal to the momentum after the collision.
Before the collision, Daisy has a mass of 50 kg and is moving at 4.0 m/s. Her friend, with a mass of 70 kg, is standing still, so their combined initial momentum is (50 kg)(4.0 m/s) + (70 kg)(0 m/s) = 200 kg·m/s.
After the collision, they are holding each other, so we can treat them as a single object with a combined mass of 120 kg (50 kg + 70 kg). Let v be the speed at which they both move off together after the collision.
Using the conservation of momentum principle, we can write the equation:
Initial momentum = Final momentum
200 kg·m/s = (120 kg)(v)
Now, we can solve for v:
v = (200 kg·m/s) / (120 kg) = 1.67 m/s
So, when Daisy and her friend collide and hold each other, they both move off together at a speed of approximately 1.67 m/s.
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water in a cylinder of height 10 ft and radius 2 ft is to be pumped out. the density of water is 62.4 lb/ft . find the work required if (a) the tank is full of water and the water is to be pumped over the top of the tank. work
The work required to pump out a full cylinder of water with a height of 10 ft and radius of 2 ft over the top of the tank is 62,400 ft-lb.
To find the work required, we first need to calculate the volume of the cylinder, which can be done using the formula V = πr²h, where V is the volume, r is the radius, and h is the height.
In this case, V = π(2 ft)²(10 ft) = 40π ft³.
Next, we find the weight of the water in the cylinder by multiplying the volume by the density (62.4 lb/ft³).
The weight of the water is W = (40π ft³)(62.4 lb/ft³) = 2,496π lb.
Finally, we find the work required to pump out the water by multiplying the weight of the water by the height it must be pumped (10 ft).
The work required is: Work = (2,496π lb)(10 ft) = 24,960π ft-lb ≈ 62,400 ft-lb.
Summary: To pump out a full cylinder of water with a height of 10 ft and radius of 2 ft over the top of the tank, 62,400 ft-lb of work is required.
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consider a piece of wire with uniform density. it is the quarter of a circle in the first quadrant. the circle is centered at the origin and has radius 2. find the centroid of the wire.
The centroid of the quarter-circle wire is located at the point (2.356, 1).The centroid of a wire or any other object is the point where the weight of the object is evenly distributed. In this case, we need to find the centroid of a quarter-circle wire in the first quadrant.
To find the centroid of the wire, we can break it down into smaller parts and find the centroid of each part. Since the wire has uniform density, each part will have the same weight.
Let's divide the quarter-circle wire into smaller parts by drawing vertical lines from the center of the circle to the edge of the wire. These lines will divide the wire into a series of rectangular strips. The centroid of each rectangular strip is located at the center of the strip.
Since the wire is symmetric, the centroid of each rectangular strip will lie on the line y = 1. The distance from the center of each rectangular strip to the y-axis is equal to the width of the strip. The width of each strip is equal to the radius of the circle multiplied by the angle of the strip in radians.
Using this information, we can integrate over the angle of each rectangular strip to find the total weight and the x-coordinate of the centroid. By symmetry, the y-coordinate of the centroid is 1.
After performing the integration, we find that the x-coordinate of the centroid is (8/3)π/4 or approximately 2.356.
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Calculate the magnitude of the angular momentum L, in kg • m²/s, of the coconut as observed by you one second after it is released directly overhead (t = 1s)
According to the question the magnitude of the angular momentum of the coconut 0.042 kg•m²/s.
What is angular momentum?Angular momentum is a physical quantity that describes the rotational motion of an object. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both direction and magnitude. It is the product of an object's rotational inertia, or moment of inertia, and its angular velocity. Angular momentum is conserved in systems that have no external torque acting on them, meaning the total angular momentum of a system remains constant. This principle is important in the fields of physics, engineering, and astronomy, where angular momentum is used to describe the motion of stars and planets.
L = mωI
L = m(2π/T)t(2/5)mr² = (4π/5T)m²r²t
For a coconut with a mass of 0.5 kg, a radius of 0.1 m, and a period of 1 s, the magnitude of the angular momentum is L = (4π/5) (0.5 kg)² (0.1 m)² (1 s) = 0.042 kg•m²/s.
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because of a physical disability, keisha is unable to physically duplicate the actions of an ice skating instructor. which of the following processes keep her from being able to observationally learn how to ice skate?
Keisha's physical disability prevents her from being able to observationally learn how to ice skate. Her inability to physically replicate the movements of an instructor is a significant limitation in her ability to acquire new skills through observation.
1. Observational learning, also known as social learning, is the process of acquiring new behaviors or skills by watching and imitating others. It involves the use of mirror neurons in the brain, which allow an individual to observe the actions of others and then reproduce them. However, in the case of Keisha, her physical disability keeps her from being able to observationally learn how to ice skate.
2. Her disability prevents her from physically duplicating the actions of an ice skating instructor, which is essential in observational learning. For example, if the instructor demonstrates how to do a triple axel, Keisha would not be able to physically replicate the movement due to her physical disability. This inability to imitate the movements of the instructor means that she cannot learn by observing others, which is a significant limitation for her.
3. Moreover, Keisha's inability to replicate the movements of the instructor may also affect her motivation to learn how to ice skate. If she sees others effortlessly performing the moves she cannot do, she may become discouraged and lose motivation to continue trying. This could potentially lead to frustration and further inhibit her ability to learn.
In conclusion, Keisha's physical disability prevents her from being able to observationally learn how to ice skate. Her inability to physically replicate the movements of an instructor is a significant limitation in her ability to acquire new skills through observation.
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4. How much does it cost to watch an entire World Series (21 h) on a 90.0 W black-and-white television set? Assume that electrical energy costs $0.070/kW*h
The cost to watch an entire World Series on a 90.0 W black-and-white television set is $0.26.
To calculate the cost, first we need to determine the total energy consumed by the television set over 21 hours. We can use the formula E = Pt, where E is the energy consumed in kilowatt-hours (kWh), P is the power in kilowatts (kW), and t is the time in hours. Converting the power of the television set from watts to kilowatts gives us:
P = 90.0 W ÷ 1000 = 0.0900 kW
Plugging in the values, we get:
E = 0.0900 kW x 21 h = 1.89 kWh
Next, we can calculate the cost using the given rate of $0.070 per kWh:
Cost = 1.89 kWh x $0.070/kWh = $0.13
Therefore, it would cost $0.26 to watch an entire World Series on a 90.0 W black-and-white television set.
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An immersion heater of resistance R converts electrical energy into thermal energy that is transferred to the liquid in which the heater is immersed. If the current in the heater is I, the thermal energy transferred to the liquid in time t is:
A) IRt
B) I^2Rt
C) IRt^2
D) IR/t
The answer is B) I^2Rt. This is because the thermal energy transferred is proportional to the square of the current (I^2) and the resistance (R), and the time (t) for which the current flows.
To explain further, the power (P) dissipated by an electrical device can be calculated using the formula P = IV, where I is the current and V is the voltage across the device. For an immersion heater, the voltage is typically constant, so we can write P = VI.
Using Ohm's Law, we can substitute V = IR, giving P = I^2R. This is the power dissipated by the heater, which is also the rate at which thermal energy is transferred to the liquid. Therefore, the thermal energy transferred in time t is P*t = I^2Rt, which is option B.
In summary, the thermal energy transferred by an immersion heater is proportional to the square of the current, the resistance, and the time for which the current flows, and can be calculated using the formula I^2Rt.
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The polarization of a helium-neon laser can change with time. The light from a laser is initially horizontally polarized; as the laser warms up, the light changes to be vertically polarized. Suppose the laser beam passes through a polarizer whose axis is 54 ∘ from horizontal. By what percent does the light intensity transmitted through the polarizer change as the laser warms up? Express your answer using three significant figures. If the transmitted intensity decreases as the laser warms up, please enter your answer as a negative number.
The light intensity transmitted through the polarizer changes by 14.3% as the helium-neon laser warms up. This change occurs because the polarization of the laser light changes from horizontal to vertical, and the polarizer is oriented at an angle of 54 degrees from the horizontal.
The polarizer only allows light waves that are polarized in the same direction as its axis to pass through, so as the polarization of the laser light changes, the amount of light that is transmitted through the polarizer changes as well.
To calculate the percent change in transmitted intensity, we need to use the formula: % change = (new intensity - initial intensity) / initial intensity x 100%. Since the initial intensity is 50% (cos(54°)), and the final intensity is 35.7% (sin(54°)), the % change is (-14.3%), which is negative because the transmitted intensity decreases as the laser warms up. Therefore, the answer is -14.3%, expressed with three significant figures.
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2) Express -40°C in °F.
A) -72°F
B) -54°F
C) -40°F
D) 4.4°F
According to the question to convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit -40°F is -54°F.
What is Fahrenheit?Fahrenheit is a temperature scale developed in 1724 by German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit. The Fahrenheit scale is the most widely used temperature scale in the United States and its territories. On the Fahrenheit scale, the freezing point of water is 32 degrees, and the boiling point of water is 212 degrees. This scale is sometimes referred to as the "Centigrade Scale." The name Fahrenheit is derived from the German word "Fahre," which means "to travel."
To convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit, use the formula (°C × 9/5) + 32 = °F. Therefore, to convert -40°C to °F, use the formula (-40 × 9/5) + 32 = -54°F.
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A nearsighted person has a far point of 491 cm from his left eye and 642 cm from his right eye. He wants contact lenses that will let him see objects at a great distance. Determine the focal length of the contact lens needed for each eye. (Remember, a converging lens has a positive focal length and a diverging lens has a negative focal length.)
The focal length of the contact lens needed for the left eye is +7.26 cm and for the right eye is +5.62 cm.
What is lens?Lens is a transparent curved piece of glass or other transparent material used to form an image by refracting light. A lens has two principal planes, the optical axis and the principal planes, which are parallel to each other. Lenses are used for a variety of optical functions, such as magnifying objects, correcting optical defects, and focusing light.
The focal length of the contact lens is determined by the formula 1/f = 1/d + 1/s, where f is the focal length, d is the far point, and s is the near point. Since the far point for the left eye is 491 cm from the eye and the near point is infinity, the formula simplifies to 1/f = 1/491. Solving for f, we get +7.26 cm. We can use the same formula to determine the focal length of the contact lens for the right eye, where the far point is 642 cm and the near point is infinity. This yields a focal length of +5.62 cm.
Therefore, the focal length of the contact lens needed for the left eye is +7.26 cm and for the right eye is +5.62 cm.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. If the resistance of a circuit were tripled, then the current through the circuit would be ____.
a. one-third as much
b. three times as much
c. unchanged
d. ... nonsense! There would be no way to make such a prediction.
If the resistance of a circuit were tripled, then the current through the circuit would be one-third as much.
What is resistance?
The obstruction to current flow in an electrical circuit is measured by resistance. The ratio of the applied voltage to the electric current passing through it is another definition for it.
Any change in resistance will cause the current to change in the opposite or inverse direction. Therefore, if the resistance is doubled or tripled, the current will be reduced to half or third of its initial value.
If all other elements remain constant, the current drops as the resistance rises. Electrical conductors, such as metals, are substances with low resistance that make it simple for electricity to move through them.
V ⇒ IR
I ⇒ V/R
If R is 3 times increased
I ⇒ V/3R
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when an ice skater pulls in her initially outstretched arms while spinning on point, does she change her angular momentum
Yes, the ice skater changes her angular momentum when she pulls in her outstretched arms while spinning on point. Angular momentum is the product of moment of inertia and angular velocity, and is conserved in the absence of external torques.
When the ice skater pulls in her arms, she decreases her moment of inertia, which means that her angular velocity must increase in order to maintain conservation of angular momentum. This is because angular momentum is conserved when there is no net external torque acting on the system.
This phenomenon is known as the conservation of angular momentum, which states that the total angular momentum of a system remains constant in the absence of external torques. Therefore, as the ice skater pulls in her arms, she decreases her moment of inertia, which causes her angular velocity to increase in order to conserve her angular momentum. This makes her spin faster.
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Complete Question
When an ice skater pulls in her initially outstretched arms while spinning on point, does she change her angular momentum? If so, does it increase or decrease?
How do AM and FM radio stations differ in the way they transmit signals?
AM and FM radio stations differ in the way they transmit signals. The difference in modulation techniques and bandwidth allows FM radio stations to transmit higher quality sound and have less interference compared to AM radio stations.
AM stands for Amplitude Modulation and FM stands for Frequency Modulation. AM radio signals vary the amplitude of the carrier wave to transmit information. On the other hand, FM radio signals vary the frequency of the carrier wave to transmit information. This difference in modulation allows FM radio stations to transmit higher quality sound than AM radio stations. FM radio stations also have a wider bandwidth than AM radio stations, allowing them to transmit more information, including stereo sound. FM radio stations are also less susceptible to interference from electrical appliances and atmospheric conditions, which is a common problem for AM radio stations. FM radio stations are typically found on the higher end of the frequency spectrum and are often used for commercial radio broadcasts.
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