Students are conducting an experiment. One student has kept 3 books and another student 6 books. They are using a ramp with same size and dimensions. They are measuring the distance travelled by the car. What they are trying to find out? Will you be able to predict the outcome and give conclusion for that experiment?

Answer:

To determine the inclination angle for both cable segments, we can use the law of sines. Let's call the inclination angle "theta."

L/sin(theta) = h/sin(90-theta)

40/sin(theta) = 8/cos(theta)

Cross multiplying and simplifying, we get:

sin(theta) = 8/40 = 1/5

So,

theta = sin^-1(1/5) = 11.31 degrees

Next, we can use the law of cosines to find the tension force T in cable BAC.

T^2 = W^2 + (LBAC)^2 - 2WLBACcos(theta)

T^2 = 200^2 + 50^2 - 2(200)(50)cos(11.31)

T = sqrt(200^2 + 50^2 - 2(200)(50)cos(11.31)) = sqrt(20000 + 2500 - 2000cos(11.31))

T = sqrt(22500 - 2000cos(11.31))

Rounding to the nearest whole number, we get:

T = 150 lb

So, the inclination angle for both cable segments is 11.31 degrees, and the tension force T in cable BAC is 150 lb.

Explanation:

The effort required to transport a unit charge from a reference point to a specified place in opposition to an electric field is known as the electric potential.

That implies that it is dependent on the charge. As a result, altering q's value will also alter the electric potential's value. In other words, W/value q's will change.

Electric potential is a scalar quantity that represents the amount of electric potential energy per unit charge at a given point in space. It is also known as voltage and is measured in volts (V). Electric potential is created by the presence of electric charges, which can be either positive or negative. A positive charge creates a region of higher electric potential, while a negative charge creates a region of lower electric potential. The movement of electric charges from high potential to low potential is what generates an electric current. Electric potential is a fundamental concept in electricity and plays a crucial role in the design and operation of electrical circuits, devices, and systems.

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Its vertical acceleration is equal to -g, while the horizontal component of its velocity is unchanged.

This is due to the projectile's dual components of vertical and horizontal velocities. But when the item moves, its vertical component of velocity changes but its horizontal component does not.

The projectile's horizontal component of velocity remains constant, therefore it only has a vertical component of acceleration and no horizontal component. The horizontal component of velocity remains unchanged as a result.

Since the only vertical force acting on the object is the weight, the vertical component of acceleration is equal to -g.

Therefore, the vertical component of its acceleration is equal to -g, while the horizontal component of its velocity remains constant.

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The gravitational potential energies are 300 kJ and 400 kJ respectively

Gravitational potential energy is a form of potential energy that an object possesses due to its position relative to a reference point in a gravitational field. It is defined as the amount of work that must be done to move an object from its current position to a reference point, without changing its speed or direction.

The gravitational potential energy of an object can be calculated using the formula:

For the first case;

Note that the mass of  2500 L is 2500 Kg

With respect to the floor;

2500 Kg * 10 * 12 = 300 kJ

With respect to the basement;

2500 * 10 * 16 = 400 kJ

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No, a ball thrown downward with a large starting velocity will not accelerate more rapidly than one that is just dropped at the same time, assuming that both are experiencing the same gravitational field.

Both objects will experience the same b, which is approximately 9.8 m/s^2 near the surface of the Earth. The initial velocity of the thrown ball will only affect its initial speed, but it will not change the acceleration due to gravity.

Therefore, both objects will accelerate at the same rate and will fall at the same speed. However, the thrown ball will cover a greater distance than the dropped ball before hitting the ground, as it has an initial velocity in addition to the acceleration due to gravity.

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According to the question, the impact of an electric car to reach its top speed is found to be 51 sec.

Acceleration may be defined as the process of the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time. It is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.

According to the question,

The acceleration of an electric car = 1.6 m/s²

The speed of an electric car = is 296 km/hour = 1000 m/hour. = 82.2 m/sec.

The acceleration of any moving object is calculated with the help of the following formula:

         1.6 m/s²            =  82.20 - 0/t

           t = 51.45 sec ≅ 51 seconds.

Therefore, the impact of an electric car to reach its top speed is found to be 51 sec.

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Answer:

That is, electrical resistance–is a force that counteracts the flow of current. In this way, it serves as an indicator of how difficult it is for current to flow. Resistance values are expressed in ohms (Ω). Or electrical Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω). Ohms are named after Georg Simon Ohm (1784-1854), a German physicist who studied the relationship between voltage, current and resistance.

There are four factors that affect the resistance of a wire ( electrical resistant metal ) :

Resistance is proportional to length. If you take a wire of different lengths and give each a particular potential difference across its ends. The longer the wire the less volts each centimeter of it will get. This means that the 'electric slope' that makes the electrons move gets less steep as the wire gets longer, and the average drift velocity of electrons decreases. The correct term for this 'electric slope' is the potential gradient. A smaller potential gradient (less volts per metre) means current decreases with increased length and resistance increases.

Resistance is inversely proportional to cross-sectional-area. The bigger the cross sectional area of the wire the greater the number of electrons that experience the 'electric slope' from the potential difference. As the length of the wire does not change each cm still gets the same number of volts across it - the potential gradient does not change and so the average drift velocity of individual electrons does not change. Although they do not move any faster there are more of them moving so the total charge movement in a given time is greater and current flow increases. This means resistance decreases. This does not give rise to a straight line graph as cross sectional area is inversely proportional to resistance not directly proportional to it

Resistance depends on the material the wire is made of. The more tightly an atom holds on to its outermost electrons the harder it will be to make a current flow. The electronic configuration of an atom determines how willing the atom will be to allow an electron to leave and wander through the lattice. If a shell is almost full the atom is reluctant to let its electrons wander and the material it is in is an insulator. If the outermost shell (or sub-shell with transition metals) is less than half full then the atom is willing to let those electrons wander and the material is a conductor.

Resistance increases with the temperature of the wire. The hotter wire has a larger resistance because of increased vibration of the atomic lattice. When a material gets hotter the atoms in the lattice vibrate more. This makes it difficult for the electrons to move without interaction with an atom and increases resistance. The relationship between resistance and temperature is not a simple one.

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The speed of the pendulum bob at its lowest point is 1.92 m/s.

Assuming no energy is lost due to air resistance, the total energy of the pendulum is conserved.

Let h be the maximum height the pendulum rises on the right side, and assume that the displacement from the vertical is small enough that we can use the small-angle approximation sin θ ≈ θ. Then, the potential energy of the pendulum at the maximum height is:

U = mgh

where m is the mass of the bob, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h = 0.24 m.

Similarly, the potential energy of the pendulum at its highest point on the left side is:

U' = mgh'

where h' = 0.25 m.

Since the total energy is conserved, the kinetic energy of the pendulum at its lowest point is equal to the initial potential energy:

K = U - ΔU

where ΔU is the energy lost due to friction. Since half the total energy loss takes place during the downward swing, we have:

ΔU = (1/2)U

Substituting the values, we get:

K = mgh - (1/2)U

K = (5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.24 m) - (1/2)(5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.24 m)

K = 5.76 J

At the lowest point, all of this energy is in the form of kinetic energy:

K = (1/2)mv^2

where v is the speed of the bob at the lowest point.

Substituting the values, we get:

5.76 J = (1/2)(5 kg)v^2

Solving for v, we get:

v = sqrt(2K/m)

v = sqrt(2(5.76 J)/(5 kg))

v = 1.92 m/s

Therefore, the speed of the pendulum bob at its lowest point is 1.92 m/s.

To find the energy lost due to friction, we can use the conservation of energy again:

U - ΔU = U' + ΔU'

ΔU + ΔU' = U - U'

Substituting the values, we get:

ΔU + ΔU' = (5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.25 m) - (5 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(0.24 m)

ΔU + ΔU' = 4.905 J

Since half the energy loss occurs during the downward swing, we have:

ΔU = (1/2)(4.905 J)

ΔU = 2.453 J

The energy lost due to friction is approximately 2.453 J.

Therefore, The total energy of the pendulum at any point is given by the sum of its potential energy and kinetic energy. At the highest point, the pendulum has only potential energy, and at the lowest point, it has only kinetic energy.

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This is because RNA uses uracil instead of thymine, so the complementary base pair for adenine in RNA is uracil, not thymine. Therefore, the RNA strand transcribed from the given gene sequence would contain 49 uracil base pairs, not thymine.

In DNA, adenine always pairs with thymine and cytosine always pairs with guanine. However, in RNA, the base uracil replaces thymine, and adenine always pairs with uracil instead.

Therefore, when a gene sequence containing 49 adenine base pairs is transcribed into an RNA strand, the RNA strand will contain 49 uracil base pairs. This is because each adenine in the DNA strand will pair with a uracil during transcription.

It's important to note that transcription is the process by which DNA is used as a template to create RNA. During transcription, the DNA sequence is "read" by an enzyme called RNA polymerase, which creates an RNA strand by adding nucleotides one at a time in a complementary manner. In this case, the RNA polymerase would add uracil nucleotides to the growing RNA strand to match the adenine nucleotides in the DNA strand.

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The charge on each plate is 2.608×10⁻⁸ C. Charge is a fundamental physical property of matter that describes the degree to which it interacts with electromagnetic fields.

Describe Charge?

It is an intrinsic property of subatomic particles, such as protons and electrons, that gives rise to electric and magnetic forces.

The basic unit of charge is the Coulomb (C), named after the French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, who first quantified the electric force between charged objects. A single proton or electron has a charge of approximately 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs.

Electric charge is conserved, which means that the total amount of charge in a closed system remains constant over time. Charges can be positive, negative, or neutral, and like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract each other.

The electric field between two parallel plates is given by:

E = V/d

where E is the electric field, V is the potential difference between the plates, and d is the distance between the plates.

In this case, the desired electric field is E = 6.50×10⁵ V/m, and the distance between the plates is d = 2.45 mm = 0.00245 m. So, we can solve for the potential difference between the plates as:

V = Ed = (6.50×10⁵ V/m)(0.00245 m) = 1592.5 V

Since the potential difference between the plates is the same as the potential difference across the capacitor, we can use the formula for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor to find the charge on each plate:

C = ε0A/d

where C is the capacitance, ε0 is the permittivity of free space, A is the area of each plate, and d is the distance between the plates.

Plugging in the given values, we get:

C = (8.85×10⁻¹² F/m)(0.00045 m²)/(0.00245 m) = 1.635×10⁻¹¹ F

Finally, we can find the charge on each plate using the formula:

Q = CV

where Q is the charge on each plate, C is the capacitance, and V is the potential difference between the plates. Plugging in the values we found, we get:

Q = (1.635×10⁻¹¹ F)(1592.5 V) = 2.608×10⁻⁸ C

Therefore, the charge on each plate is 2.608 ×10⁻⁸ C.

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The angular deceleration of the ball is -0.42 rad/s².

Angular acceleration is a measure of the rate of change of angular velocity of an object rotating about an axis. When an object rotates, its angular velocity (ω) can change as a result of various factors, such as the application of an external torque or the redistribution of mass in the object.

We can use the formula for angular acceleration:

α = (ωf - ωi) / t

where

α is the angular acceleration

ωi is the initial angular velocity

ωf is the final angular velocity (which is zero in this case since the ball comes to a stop)

t is the time it takes for the ball to come to a stop

To find the initial and final angular positions, we can use the formula:

θf - θi = ωi * t + (1/2) * α * t²

where

θi is the initial angular position (0 in this case)

θf is the final angular position (90 radians in this case)

Substtuting the given values, we have:

θf - θi = ωi * t + (1/2) * α * t²

90 - 0 = (9.13 rad/s) * 15 s + (1/2) * α * (15 s)²

Simplifying and solving for α, we get:

α = -0.42 rad/s²

Therefore, the angular deceleration of the ball is -0.42 rad/s².

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Varying solar radiation causes seasonal changes in air temperature and evaporation.

The amount of solar radiation received by the Earth's surface changes throughout the year due to the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun. In temperate mid-latitudes, this results in seasonal variations in the amount of solar radiation received, which in turn affects both air temperature and evaporation.

During the summer months, the sun is higher in the sky and the length of daylight is longer, resulting in increased solar radiation and higher air temperatures. This increased solar radiation also causes increased evaporation from bodies of water and from the soil, leading to higher levels of atmospheric moisture.

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Correctly matched with its unit of measure is : luminous flux - lumens

Luminous flux is also called luminous power. It is is the measure of perceived power of light and it differs from the measure of total power of light emitted, called 'radiant flux'.

In photometry, measure of the perceived power of light is known as luminous flux . It differs from radiant flux, measure of the total power of electromagnetic radiation, in that luminous flux is adjusted to reflect varying sensitivity of human eye to different wavelengths of light.

Lumen is the standard unit of luminous flux and luminous flux is the measure of perceived power of light by human eye and we measure luminous flux in lumens.

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The force at the axle A is 35,903 N, in the direction 60 degrees counterclockwise from the +x-axis.

Distance is a numerical measurement of how far apart two points are. It is a scalar quantity that represents the length of the path traveled between two points in space, regardless of the direction. Distance is typically measured in units such as meters, kilometers, miles, or feet. It is an important concept in physics, as it is used in many physical calculations, such as those involving speed, velocity, and acceleration. It is also a fundamental concept in everyday life, as it is used to describe the separation between two objects or locations.

To solve this problem, we need to use the principle of moments. The sum of moments about any point is equal to zero when the object is in static equilibrium.

First, let's find the distance from point A to the center of mass of the boom. We can use the fact that the boom is uniform and its center of mass is at the geometric center.

distance from A to center of mass = 12.5 m / 2 = 6.25 m

Let's take point A as the pivot point for calculating the moments. Then, the moment due to the tension T in the cable is:

moment due to T = T * 12.5 m

The moment due to the weight of the boom is:

moment due to boom =[tex]1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 6.25 m[/tex]

The moment due to the weight of the load is:

moment due to load = [tex]3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 12.5 m[/tex]

Since the system is in static equilibrium, the sum of these moments must be equal to zero:

[tex]T * 12.5 m - 1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 6.25 m - 3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 12.5 m = 0[/tex]

Solving for T, we get:

[tex]T = (1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 6.25 m + 3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 12.5 m) / 12.5 T = 41475 N[/tex]

So the tension in the cable is 41,475 N.

To find the force at the axle A, we can use the fact that the sum of forces in the x and y directions must be equal to zero, since the system is in static equilibrium. Let's take the +x axis to the right and the +y axis upward.

The forces in the x direction are:

[tex]T * cos(30°) - N = 0The forces in the y direction are:T * sin(30°) + 1400 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 + 3000 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 = 0Solving for N, we get:N = T * cos(30°) = 41475 N * cos(30°) = 35903 N[/tex]

So the force at the axle A is 35,903 N, in the direction 60 degrees counterclockwise from the +x-axis.

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In first case speed of fish will be ⅚ m/s.

In the second case the speed of fish ⅙ m/s

Given data :-

Mass of bigger fish ( m₁ ) = 5 kg

Mass of small fish ( m₂ ) = 1 kg.

Speed of large fish ( v₁ ) = 1 m/s

Mass of bigger fish after eating smaller ones = 5 + 1 = 6 kg.

Case - 1

Momentum of bigger fish before eating the smaller fish = m₁* v₁ = 5 * 1 = 5 kg.m/s

Momentum of bigger fish after eating the larger fish = ( m₁ + m₂)*v

v = speed of bigger fish immediately after lunch.

Using the conservation of momentum.

m₁* v₁ = ( m₁ + m₂)*v

5 = 6 * v

v =   m/s.

Case -2

Speed of small fish = 4 m/s

Momentum of bigger fish before lunch = 5 kg.m/s

Momentum of smaller fish before lunch = 4*1 = 4 kg.m/s

Net momentum before lunch = 5 - 4 = 1 kg.m/s

Momentum of bigger fish after eating the larger fish = 6 * V

Using the conservation of momentum.

1 = 6 * V

V =  m/s.

What is conservation of momentum?

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Answer:

find the average speed in km/h, we need to convert the time from minutes to hours, then divide the total distance by the total time.

First, let's convert the time from minutes to hours:

30 minutes ÷ 60 minutes/hour = 0.5 hours

Next, we can calculate the average speed:

2.4 km ÷ 0.5 hours = 4.8 km/h

So the average speed of the walker for this distance is 4.8 km/h.

There are certainly significant challenges facing the US political system, and there is a need for reforms that can improve the functioning of government and promote public welfare. However, there is also an ongoing debate about the nature of these challenges and the best path forward to address them.

Critics of the US political system argue that several institutional failures have hindered the government's ability to address major public policy challenges. For example, some say that the US Congress has become increasingly dysfunctional. In contrast, others point to the role of money in politics, with the influence of wealthy donors and special interest groups limiting the ability of elected officials to act in the public interest.

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The speed is 6.5 m/s.

Speed is a scalar quantity that represents the rate at which an object is moving. It is defined as the distance traveled by an object in a certain amount of time. The formula for speed is:

speed = distance ÷ time

where distance is the total distance traveled by the object and time is the duration of the journey. The unit of speed is usually meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h).

In this case, we would take the speed and the velocity to be the same;

Speed/Velocity = Displacement/Time

= 6.5 m/ 1.0 s

= 6.5 m/s

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The unit of measurement the student should use is the gram. The correct option is c.

The International System of Units (SI) uses the gram (formerly gram; SI unit symbol g) as the unit of mass that corresponds to one-thousandth of a kilogram.

A student must know the masses of four different objects for an experiment: a shoe, a piece of paper, a book, and a tissue. The learner should utilize grams as their measurement units.

Therefore, the correct option is c. gram is used to measure the mass of objects and things.

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The question is incomplete. The missing options are given below:

milligram

ounce

gram

kilogram

Answer:

Explanation: E = QV, the energy transferred by the quantity of electric charge by a potential difference of V volts.

a. The total energy is 10.75 J

b. The elastic potential energy at t= 1.25 s is 2.69 J

Energy is the ability to do work.

Elastic potential energy is energy stored in a spring.

The total energy of the system is the maximum elastic potential energy of the system. It is given by E' = 1/2kx'² where

Given that

Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have that

E = 1/2kx'²

= 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × (1.0 m)²

= 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × 1.0 m²

= 10.75 Nm

= 10.75 J

The total energy is 10.75 J

The potential energy stored in the system is given by

E = 1/2kx² where

At t = 1.25 s from the graph, x = -0.5 m

Since k = 21.5 N/m, substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

E = 1/2kx²

E = 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × (-0.5 m)²

E = 1/2 × 21.5 N/m × 0.25 m²

E = 10.75 N/m × 0.25 m²

E = 2.6875 Nm

E = 2.6875 J

E ≅ 2.69 J

The potential energy is 2.69 J

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The reason why relative humidity does not tell us how much water is actually in the air is because the amount of water vapor that air can hold depends on its temperature and pressure.

What is Relative humidity?

Relative humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount of water vapor that the air can hold at a given temperature and pressure. It is expressed as a percentage and provides information about how close the air is to being saturated with water vapor.

armer air can hold more water vapor than colder air, and air at higher pressure can hold more water vapor than air at lower pressure. Therefore, the same amount of water vapor in the air can result in different relative humilities depending on the temperature and pressure.

For example, on a humid day with a relative humidity of 90%, there may be more water vapor in the air than on a dry day with a relative humidity of 30%. However, the air on the dry day is still capable of holding more water vapor before it becomes saturated. This is because the amount of water vapor that air can hold increases with temperature, so if the dry day is hotter than the humid day, the air may be able to hold more water vapor even though the relative humidity is lower.

In summary, relative humidity is a useful measure of how close the air is to being saturated with water vapor, but it does not provide information about the actual amount of water vapor in the air, which depends on the temperature and pressure.

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If the Earth were only half the size it is now, the acceleration due to gravity (represented by "g") at the surface would also be halved.

This is because the gravitational force between two objects is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

With the Earth's mass reduced by a factor of 2 and its radius reduced by a factor of 2, the distance between an object on the surface and the Earth's center would also be reduced by a factor of 2. Thus, the net effect is that the acceleration due to gravity would be halved, resulting in a smaller value of "g" than what we currently observe on Earth.

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Simple machines are devices with few or no moving parts that make work easier by multiplying, reducing, or changing the direction of force

Simple machines can be combined to form complex machines and mechanisms that make many tasks easier to perform. Examples of six types of simple machines include;

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Water has a mass of 1.20 - 0.80 = 0.40 gram.

The water percentage is (0.40 / 1.20) * 100 = 33 1/3%

Evaporation is the physical process through which water transitions from a liquid to a gaseous state and then returns to the atmosphere as steam. Water in solid form (snow or ice) can also move straight to steam, a process known as sublimation. The word must be defined in a broad sense, including sublimation, to consequences of predicting evaporation losses in a region. Solar radiation supplies the energy required for water molecules to shift states.

Calculations:

Initial mass - ultimate mass of evaporated water

Evaporated water: 1.2 g - 0.8 g

0.4 g = evaporated H20

100% 1.2 g total mass

0.4 g of H20 --> 33.33 %

The initial sample has 33.33% of its mass in water.

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400 N/m is the spring constant for a supermarket scale that stretches 0. 01 m when a force of 4N is applied. 0.25 m is the displacement of a spring if it has a spring constant of 10 n/m, and a force of 2. 5N is applied.

Hooke's Law states that as a spring is extended, the force exerted is proportional to the increase in length from the equilibrium length. The spring constant may be computed as follows:

k = F/x,

where,  

k is the spring constant.

F represents the force,

x represents the change in spring length.

Now,

k = F/x

F = k × x

4 N = k × 0.01 M

k = 400 N/M

The spring constant is the proportional constant k. It is a measure of the stiffness of the spring. When a spring is stretched or compressed by an amount x from its equilibrium length, it produces a force F = -kx in the direction of its equilibrium position.

Now,

F = -kx

x = -F/k

[tex]x = \frac{2.5\ N}{10\ N/m}[/tex]

x = 0.25 m

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The amount of power it takes to lift 55N 3 m high in 12.00s is 13.75 Watts.

The power needed to lift an object can be calculated by dividing the work done on the object by the time taken as follows:

Power = work done ÷ time

However, the work done on an object can be calculated by multiplying the force on the object by the distance moved.

Work done = force × distance

Work done = 55N × 3m = 165J

Power = 165J ÷ 12s = 13.75Watts

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Two blocks, M1 and M2, are connected by a massless string that passes over a massless pulley . The distance the block M2 move is 3.44 m.

Calculating the problem:

Given:

M₂ = 19 kg

θ = 29 °

when the system is in equilibrium the net force on the system is zero

Fn = 0 = M₁ × g - M₂ × g × sin(θ)

M₁ = 19 × sin(29) kg

M₁ = 9.21 kg

the mass of M₁ is 9.21 kg

when M₁ = 5 kg

The acceleration of system , a = net force /effective mass

a = (M₂ × g × sin(theta) - M₁ × g )/(M₁ + M₂)

a = 9.81 × ( 19 × sin(29) - 5) /(19 + 5)

a = 1.72 m/s²

The acceleration of system is 1.72 m/s²

for t = 2 s

The distance moved by M₂ , s = 0 + 0.5 × a × t²

s = 0 + 0.5 × 1.72 × 2² m

s = 3.44 m

While distance is the length of an object's path, displacement only refers to the distance between an object's starting point and its final location.

Meter (m) is the SI unit for distance. Centimeters (cm) can be used to measure short distances, and kilometers (km) can be used to measure long distances.

A body's mass is the amount of material it contains. The SI unit of mass, the kilogram (kg), is the kilogram. A definition of mass is: Volume x density = mass.

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The boy's speed as he passes through the lowest point of the swing is 8.8 m/s.

To solve this problem, we can use the conservation of energy. At the lowest point of the swing, the boy has the maximum gravitational potential energy and no kinetic energy. At the highest point of the swing, he has the maximum kinetic energy and no gravitational potential energy.

Since the energy of the system is conserved, the sum of the gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy must remain constant throughout the swing. Let's call the speed of the boy as he passes through the lowest point of the swing "v".

At the lowest point, the gravitational potential energy is given by:

mgh = (1/2)mv²

where m is the mass of the boy, g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²), and h is the height of the lowest point above the ground (6 m - 2 m = 4 m).

Solving for v:

v = √(2gh) = √(2 x 9.8 x 4) = √(77.76) = 8.8 m/s

So the boy's speed as he passes through the lowest point of the swing is approximately 8.8 m/s.

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