If we assume a transaction cost of 0.5% for each stock purchase, let's calculate the number of shares you can buy each week and the remaining cash after each transaction:
Week 1 (25/03/22):
Price per share: $85.20
Transaction cost: $85.20 * 0.005 = $0.426
Amount available for stock purchase: $100,000 - $0.426 = $99,999.574
Number of shares purchased: $99,999.574 / $85.20 = 1173.49 shares (rounded down to 1173 shares)
Remaining cash: $99,999.574 - ($85.20 * 1173) = $0.374
Week 2 (01/04/22):
Price per share: $83.20
Transaction cost: $83.20 * 0.005 = $0.416
Amount available for stock purchase: $0.374 - $0.416 = -$0.042 (negative value means insufficient funds)
Number of shares purchased: 0 shares
Remaining cash: $0.374
Week 3 (07/04/22):
Price per share: $82.71
Transaction cost: $82.71 * 0.005 = $0.414
Amount available for stock purchase: $0.374 - $0.414 = -$0.04 (negative value means insufficient funds)
Number of shares purchased: 0 shares
Remaining cash: $0.374
Based on the given stock prices and transaction costs, you would be able to purchase 1173 shares of the stock on the first week. However, the remaining cash would not be sufficient to make any additional purchases in the following weeks.
Please note that this calculation assumes that the transaction costs are deducted from the available cash before determining the number of shares to purchase.
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Karl, Billy, and Jennifer are all third grade students on summer break in a small town in towa. To help their familles pay the bills the children all decide to get jobs at a local grain refinery. The foreman at the grain refinery hires them on the condition that. "since [they] are half the size of normal people, we going to pay you half.: Not knowing the difference the children all agree and accept the employment positions. During their first day of job training Karl notices a sign and since he cannot read asks the foreman what it means. The forenjan replies. "...oh that thing... it is nothing... Just something OSHA requires us to put up: Karl then asks, "What is OSHA?" The foreman responds...a cartoon character. Assume you are asked to explain what is OSHA to the three children. Please be sure to discuss the act, the administrative agency, specific duty standards, and general duty standards. Also, if there are any additional legal issues in the above fact pattern please also address them.
The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is a federal law that provides employers with standards to guarantee safe and healthy working conditions for their employees. Employers are obliged to provide a safe working environment for their employees, according to OSHA's general duty standard. This implies that if there are any safety risks or dangers in the workplace, the employer must take the necessary precautions to prevent accidents or injuries.
The administrative agency that is in charge of enforcing this law is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.The grain refinery hires Karl, Billy, and Jennifer, three third grade students on summer break, to work at the factory. The foreman at the factory agreed to pay them half their standard pay since they were half the size of usual people without knowing the difference. During Karl's first day of training, he inquires about a sign, which the foreman dismisses as an OSHA requirement. OSHA stands for Occupational Safety and Health Administration. OSHA's specific duty standards include requirements that employers maintain a safe and healthy workplace, protect employees from harm, provide safety training, and provide appropriate protective gear. OSHA's general duty standard demands that employers provide a safe working environment for their employees.The children should be informed that they are entitled to the same pay as other people their age, irrespective of their height or any other physical characteristic. The children should also be advised that OSHA has mandated specific safety standards that employers must observe, such as providing protective gear and proper training. Employers are obliged to provide a safe working environment for their employees, according to OSHA's general duty standard. This implies that if there are any safety risks or dangers in the workplace, the employer must take the necessary precautions to prevent accidents or injuries.
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Which of the following social skills do many executives find challenging to acquire? A) having a large network in place B) being a good listener C) having empathy for subordinates D) being a good motivator
Active listening is a crucial social skill for executives as it enables them to understand the needs of their employees, clients, and stakeholders.
While having a large network in place, having empathy for subordinates, and being a good motivator are also important social skills for executives, active listening helps build trust, improve communication, and make better decisions that benefit the organization. Many executives find this skill challenging to acquire because they may be used to being in control and talking more than listening.
However, developing active listening skills requires patience, curiosity, and an open mind. Executives who actively listen demonstrate respect, empathy, and a willingness to learn from others. By doing so, they can foster collaboration, innovation, and a positive work culture that attracts and retains top talent. Ultimately, active listening is essential for effective leadership and organizational success.
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If the market for day care workers is in equilibrium at $5.00 per hour as shown in this diagram, a minimum wage of $8.00 per hour will increase unemployment by
a. 300 workers.
b. 500 workers.
c. 600 workers.
d. no workers.
the quantity of day care workers supplied exceeds the quantity demanded by 600 workers, leading to an increase in unemployment.
To determine the increase in unemployment due to a minimum wage increase, we need to understand the impact of the minimum wage on the demand and supply of day care workers.
If the market for day care workers is initially in equilibrium at $5.00 per hour, it means that the quantity of day care workers supplied is equal to the quantity demanded at that wage rate. Let's assume the equilibrium quantity is Q* workers.
When the minimum wage is increased to $8.00 per hour, it raises the cost of hiring day care workers. As a result, the demand for day care workers may decrease, leading to a surplus in the labor market.
If the minimum wage exceeds the equilibrium wage, it creates a situation where the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded. In this case, the quantity of day care workers supplied at the minimum wage of $8.00 per hour will be higher than the quantity demanded.
Now, to determine the increase in unemployment, we need to find the difference between the quantity supplied and the quantity demanded at the minimum wage of $8.00 per hour.
Since the diagram is not provided, we cannot directly determine the exact quantities involved. However, based on the given answer choices, we can conclude that the increase in unemployment will be:
c. 600 workers.
This suggests that at the minimum wage of $8.00 per hour, the quantity of day care workers supplied exceeds the quantity demanded by 600 workers, leading to an increase in unemployment.
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is it a good practice to include the account or user name in the password? why or why not?
No, it is not a good practice to include the account or user name in the password.
This is because including personal information such as the account or user name in the password can make it easier for attackers to guess and crack the password. Attackers often use automated tools to try different combinations of usernames and passwords until they find one that works.
Including personal information in the password can also make it easier for someone to impersonate you online or gain unauthorized access to your accounts.
Instead, it is recommended to create strong, unique passwords that are difficult to guess or crack. Strong passwords typically include a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols. Additionally, it is important to use a different password for each account to limit the potential damage if one password is compromised. To help remember all these unique passwords, consider using a password manager tool.
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Treasury bill with a par value of $5000 sold at $4,750. After six month the discount of this treasury bill is 8.6% . Show your answer. TRUE/False :
d.Assuming free markets, purchasing power parity refers to a situation in which the real purchasing power of a currency is the same in domestic and international trade. TRUE/False : e. When companies accumulate too much debt, they usually engage in secondary offerings to acquire money for paying the debt. TRUE/False :
The discount on this treasury bill after six months is 3%, not 8.6% so it is false.
What will be the discount on treasury bill with a par value of $5000?False. To calculate the discount on a treasury bill, we need to find the difference between the face value and the discounted price. In this case, the discount can be calculated as follows:
Discount = Par Value - Selling Price
Discount = $5000 - $4750
Discount = $250
Now, to find the discount rate, we can use the formula:
Discount Rate = (Discount / Par Value) * (360 / Time to Maturity)
Discount Rate = ($250 / $5000) * (360 / 6)
Discount Rate = 0.05 * 60
Discount Rate = 3%
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A broad differentiation strategy works best in which of the following market circumstances? Multiple Choice When buyers have a low degree of bargaining power and purchase the product frequently When new and improved products are introduced frequently When buyers incur low costs in switching to rival brands O When most competitors are resorting to clever advertising and promotions in an attempt to set apart their product offerings When there are many ways to differentiate the product or service that have value to buyers
A broad differentiation strategy works best when there are many ways to differentiate the product or service that have value to buyers.
This is because a broad differentiation strategy involves creating a unique product or service that is perceived as superior in quality, features, and benefits compared to competitors, and therefore customers are willing to pay a premium price for it. In a market where there are many ways to differentiate the product or service that have value to buyers, a company can leverage this by focusing on creating a unique and superior offering that stands out from the competition.
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Which of the following costs related to a business car would be capitalized? Select one: A. the cost to change the oil O B. the cost of new tires C. the cost to install an engine with higher horsepower D. the cost to replace a broken windshield
An engine with more horsepower would be installed at a cost that would be capitalized.
When a cost is capitalised, it is not immediately expensed but instead is recorded as an asset on the balance sheet. Capital costs are expenses made to boost an asset's value or functionality or to give long-term benefits.
The price of installing a more powerful engine would be capitalised in the options provided. The business car's performance and worth would be improved by an upgraded engine, and the cost might be viewed as a capital investment in the asset. Capitalising this expense allows for its addition to the car's worth and amortisation or depreciation over the course of its useful life.
The other choices, including the price of an oil change, the price of new tyres, and the price of a replacement windscreen, would normally be categorised as operating expenses.
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Negotiable Instruments Sabrina Runyan writes the following note on a sheet of paper: "I, the undersigned, do hereby acknowledge that 1 owe Leo Woo one thousand dollars, with interest, payable out of the proceeds of the sale of my horse, Lightning, next month. Payment is to be made on or before six months from date." Discuss specifically why this is not a negotiable instrument.
This note is not a negotiable instrument because it lacks the essential characteristics required for negotiability.
For an instrument to be considered negotiable, it must meet certain criteria, such as being in writing, signed by the maker or drawer, containing an unconditional promise or order to pay a specific amount of money, payable on demand or at a definite time, and payable to the order or bearer. In this case, the note fails to meet these requirements. Firstly, it is written on a sheet of paper, which is not a commonly recognized medium for negotiable instruments. Additionally, the note does not contain an unconditional promise or order to pay a specific amount of money, but rather acknowledges a debt with interest, payable from the proceeds of the sale of a specific horse next month. The conditional nature of payment and the absence of a definite amount or payee make it non-negotiable.
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The options that are appropriate for one entrepreneurial venture may be completely inappropriate for another. provide examples to support your answer.
An ex-employee Srinivas of Tesla started a new business option, Zero 21 began developing this conversion kit in 2018. By the end of 2017, he arrived in India and established Zero 21 Renewable Energy Solutions in Hyderabad to make India better. For Srinivas, the term Zero 21 refers to ‘Zero air and sound pollution in the 21st century’. By the start of 2018, he began working on the venture’s first product, the Smart Mule. It took them a couple of years to develop it because as a small venture they couldn’t afford to make any mistakes with their product. Also, back then, they sourced most major components from China. Srinivas claims that this is no longer the case with major components like motors and controllers sourced locally.
Today, every auto driver spends anywhere between Rs 4.65 and Rs 5.50 per km, which we want to reduce to Rs 1.20 Rs 1.50 per km with capital expenditure. This reduction will make a considerable difference to auto drivers. We want to make that difference,"
The process of converting a three-wheeler from CNG/diesel to electric using its ReNEW Conversion Kit doesn’t take more than 3-4 hours. The process basically involves removing the engine, gearbox, diesel or CNG tank and installing a controller, motor and battery back. Once it undergoes conversion, the three-wheeler takes about 3-4 hours to fully charge, utilising eight to 10 units of electricity. Alongside the electric conversion kit, Zero 21 also offers a 40 amp charger. The battery range will suffice given how auto rickshaw drivers in Chennai, for example, travel a daily average distance of 100 km, notes the Centre for Public Policy and Research.
It is a great start for Zero 21 Renewable Energy Solutions to succeed in the electric automobile industry in India which can give tough competition for other top companies like Tesla as Zero 21 Renewable Energy Solutions is cheap and more suitable for Indian auto rickshaw or Taxi.
what is the discussion on this topic?
The discussion on this topic revolves around the entrepreneurial venture of Zero 21 Renewable Energy Solutions and its potential impact in the electric automobile industry in India.
The example of Srinivas, an ex-employee of Tesla, starting this venture and developing a conversion kit for three-wheelers highlights the uniqueness and adaptability of entrepreneurial options. The focus of Zero 21 is to reduce air and sound pollution while providing affordable transportation options for auto drivers in India. The process of converting a three-wheeler to electric using their ReNEW Conversion Kit is relatively quick and cost-effective. The discussion explores the potential benefits of Zero 21's solution, such as reducing the cost per kilometer for auto drivers and providing a sustainable alternative in the Indian market. The emergence of such ventures showcases the importance of tailored solutions and considering local needs and conditions in entrepreneurial endeavors.
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Case 1: (2 marks) (0.5 each). 1- Fast Forward purchased $25,000 of equipment for cash. The Equipment asset account is for $25,000 and the cash account is for $25,000. 2- If the liabilities of a busine
When Fast Forward purchases equipment for $25,000 in cash, it is a transaction involving two accounts: Equipment (an asset account) and Cash.
1- The Equipment asset account is debited for $25,000, and the cash account is credited for $25,000.
2- If the liabilities of a business increased $75,000 and the owner's equity decreased $30,000 during the same period, the assets of the business must have decreased by $45,000 (since liabilities + owner's equity = assets).
3- The Collection of Accounts Receivable will result in a debit to the cash account and a credit to the accounts receivable account, to keep the accounting equation in balance.
4- If the assets of a business increased $89,000 and its liabilities increased $67,000 during the same period, equity in the business must have increased by $22,000 (since assets = liabilities + equity).
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The complete question is: Case 1: (2 marks) (0.5 each)
1- Fast Forward purchased $25,000 of equipment for cash. The Equipment asset account is_____ for $25,000 and the cash account is______ for $25,000.
2- If the liabilities of a business increased $75,000 during a period of time and the owner's equity in the business decreased $30,000 during the same period, the assets of the business must have and to keep ______
3- The Collection of Accounts Receivable will result in a(n)______ and _____, to keep the accounting equation in balance.
4- If the assets of a business increased $89,000 during a period of time and its liabilities increased $67,000 during the same period, equity in the business must have _____.
A fire occurred on September 30,1998, in the Store of Mr Andy. From the following figures Ascertain the claim to be lodged. Stock on January 1, 1998 17,000 Purchases from January 1, 1998, to date of fire 1,70,000 Wages and other manufacturing expenses 17,000 Sales from January 1, 1998, to date of fire 2,00,000 The rate of gross profit is 25% on cost. The stock salvaged was valued at $ 4,000.
The claim to be lodged after the fire is $17,000.
The stock on January 1, 1998, was $17,000 and purchases from January 1, 1998, to the date of fire was $1,70,000.
The total cost of goods available for sale (i.e., opening stock + purchases) is equal to $17,000 + $1,70,000 = $1,87,000.
Therefore, the claim to be lodged is as follows:
Particulars Amount (in $)Stock on January 1, 199817,000
Add: Purchases from January 1, 1998, to the date of fire1,70,000
Goods available for sale1,87,000
Less: Stock salvaged4,000
Cost of goods lost or damaged1,83,000
Less: Sales from January 1, 1998, to the date of fire2,00,000
Gross loss incurred (i.e., excess of cost over sales)17,000
Therefore, the claim to be lodged is $17,000.
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On January 1, 2020, Larkspur Inc. bought land that had an assessed value of $390,000 at the time of purchase. A $550,000, non- interest-bearing note due on January 1, 2023, was given in exchange. There was no established exchange price for the land, and no ready market value for the note. The interest rate that is normally charged on a note of this type is 9%. Using (1) factor tables, (2) a financial calculator, or (3) Excel function PV, determine at what amount the land should be recorded at January 1, 2020. (Hint: Refer to Chapter 3 for tips on calculating.) Determine the interest expense to be reported in 2020 related to this transaction. (For calculation purposes, use 5 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided and round final answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 5,275.) Cost of land to be recorded $ Interest expense to be recorded $
The interest expense to be recorded in 2020 related to this transaction is approximately $38,232.
To determine the amount at which the land should be recorded on January 1, 2020, we need to calculate the present value of the note using the given interest rate of 9%.
Using the present value formula: PV = FV / (1 + r)^n Where: PV = Present Value FV = Future Value (amount of the note) r = Interest rate n = Number of periods Given FV = $550,000 r = 9% n = 3 years
Using a financial calculator or Excel function PV, we can calculate the present value: PV = $550,000 / (1 + 0.09)^3 PV = $550,000 / 1.29503 PV ≈ $424,804.64
Therefore, the land should be recorded at approximately $424,805 on January 1, 2020. To calculate the interest expense to be reported in 2020, we can use the formula: Interest Expense = Beginning Balance * Interest Rate Given: Beginning Balance = $424,805 Interest Rate = 9% Interest Expense = $424,805 * 0.09 Interest Expense ≈ $38,232.45 Therefore, the interest expense to be recorded in 2020 related to this transaction is approximately $38,232.
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Why must labor and management be able to accurately determine the cost of wage proposals? How should negotiators treat the roll-up costs when negotiating wage changes? Why might union negotiators favor front-end loaded deferred wage increases? Are there potential drawbacks?
Labor and management must be able to accurately determine the cost of wage proposals to maintain financial viability of the company. When determining the cost of wage proposals, negotiators should treat the roll-up costs as part of the total package, and weigh the associated benefits to the company. This may lead to morale issues and may demotivate senior employees leading to a loss of valuable experience.
When union negotiators are faced with front-end loaded deferred wage increases, they may favor it because this type of wage increase offers an increase in wages that is initially lower than the workers' demands but increases over time. However, there are potential drawbacks to this approach. Labor and management should accurately determine the cost of wage proposals so that the financial viability of the company is maintained.
The cost of wage proposals includes both direct and indirect costs, such as fringe benefits, vacation, and holidays, and must be considered when negotiating wage changes. This can help maintain the company's competitiveness while maintaining the employees' standard of living.Both sides should treat roll-up costs as part of the total package and weigh the associated benefits to the company. They should also ensure that they maintain a good relationship while negotiating for a wage proposal.
Additionally, they should ensure that the proposal is in line with the financial position of the company so that the company does not run into financial trouble. Union negotiators may favor front-end loaded deferred wage increases because it offers an increase in wages that is initially lower than the workers' demands but increases over time. This way, the company is able to maintain its cash flow and reduce the potential for layoffs.
This may lead to morale issues and may demotivate senior employees leading to a loss of valuable experience.
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give an example of a company that exports a service directly
give an example of a service comapny that uses joint
venture
give an example of a service company that uses merger
A software development company that provides remote programming services to clients in different countries.
The software development company directly exports its service by offering its programming expertise to clients located outside of its home country. The service is delivered remotely, without the need for physical presence or transportation of goods.
A consulting firm and a local construction company forming a joint venture to provide comprehensive infrastructure development solutions.
The consulting firm and the construction company join forces through a joint venture to leverage their respective expertise and resources. By collaborating, they offer a complete range of services to clients, combining consulting and construction capabilities.
A telecommunications company merging with a media production company to create an integrated entertainment and content streaming service.
The telecommunications company and the media production company merge their operations to form a new entity that offers combined services. The merger allows them to provide a seamless experience for customers, integrating telecommunications and media services into a single platform.
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why does plutonium not occur in appreciable amounts in natural ore deposits?
Plutonium is a synthetic element, meaning it is not naturally occurring in appreciable amounts in the Earth's crust.
Here's why:
Origin: Plutonium is primarily produced through the process of nuclear reactions involving uranium-238, which is naturally present in uranium ore deposits. When uranium-238 absorbs a neutron, it undergoes a series of nuclear reactions, ultimately converting into plutonium-239. Plutonium-239 is the most common and important isotope of plutonium used in nuclear applications.
Half-life: Plutonium-239 has a relatively long half-life of about 24,100 years. This means that the amount of plutonium-239 present in the Earth's crust has been decaying since its creation during the formation of the Earth. Over billions of years, the amount of plutonium-239 has significantly decreased due to radioactive decay.
Extraction difficulty: Even though trace amounts of plutonium can be found in some uranium ore deposits, they are typically in such low concentrations that extracting them on a meaningful scale is impractical and economically unviable. Plutonium is typically produced artificially in specialized nuclear reactors or through nuclear weapons programs.
Geological processes: Plutonium is highly reactive chemically, and it tends to form compounds rather than occurring in its elemental form. Additionally, plutonium has a strong tendency to migrate in the Earth's crust due to geochemical processes like weathering, erosion, and groundwater movement. These factors contribute to the scarcity of plutonium in natural ore deposits.
In summary, plutonium is not found in appreciable amounts in natural ore deposits due to its synthetic nature, long half-life, difficulty of extraction, and geological processes that limit its occurrence.
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In the video, base pay and variable pay are discussed. What are the main differences between each? How would you know if your company’s base pay is equitable and how would you use variable pay to drive organizational performance? Make the connection and be specific.
Base pay and variable pay are two components of employee compensation. Base pay refers to the fixed amount of money an employee receives regularly, usually on a monthly or annual basis, regardless of their performance or the company's performance. On the other hand, variable pay is linked to individual or organizational performance and can fluctuate based on predetermined performance criteria.
To determine if a company's base pay is equitable, several factors need to be considered. Firstly, it's important to compare the base pay of employees within similar roles to ensure there are no significant disparities based on gender, race, or other protected characteristics. Additionally, benchmarking base pay against industry standards and conducting regular market research can help ensure that the company's pay rates are competitive and aligned with the market.
Variable pay can be used as a strategic tool to drive organizational performance. By tying a portion of an employee's compensation to performance outcomes, it creates a direct link between individual or team efforts and rewards. This can motivate employees to work towards specific goals, increase productivity, and foster a performance-driven culture. To effectively use variable pay, organizations need to establish clear performance metrics, set challenging yet achievable targets, and provide timely and constructive feedback to employees. Regular evaluation of the variable pay program is crucial to ensure it aligns with the company's objectives and remains effective in driving performance and rewarding high achievers.
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Over the last decade, your healthcare organization has seen a significant increase in cardiology patients and has now decided to build a new cardiology hospital. You have been commissioned to oversee this project. Over the last decade, your healthcare organization has seen a significant increase in cardiology patients and has now decided to build a new cardiology hospital. You have been commissioned to oversee this project.
Draw up a project plan following your analysis. Discuss the contents of the project management plan you would present to the healthcare organization management on the proposed project above
A project management plan includes a Gantt chart or timetable, a stakeholder or team chart, a risk assessment, a communication sub-plan, and a resource sub-plan.
Plans for the project cycle's phases and the actions that move a quality improvement project through them are organized using these plans. The problem creation, analysis, testing, implementation, sustainment, and spread phases of a general QI project cycle are also included.
The future is viewed, examined, and a future course of action is decided upon in advance as part of management planning examples. A yearly sales plan that is created based on projected future sales is an example of planning in the management process.
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How do you calculate the Squared Error to get the 81, 49,
1.78?
7. The following historical data have been collected representing sales of a product. Compare forecasts using a three-period moving average, exponential smoothing with an a = 0.2, and linear regressio
To compare forecasts using a three-period moving average, exponential smoothing with an α = 0.2, and linear regression, you can calculate the squared error. The historical data of product sales is provided, and by applying each forecasting method, you can evaluate the accuracy of the forecasts by calculating the squared error.
To calculate the squared error, you need to compare the actual sales data with the forecasted values obtained from each forecasting method. For the three-period moving average, you would take the average of the last three periods and compare it with the actual sales for each corresponding period. The squared error is obtained by subtracting the actual sales from the forecasted value and squaring the result. This is done for each period, and the squared errors are summed to get the total squared error for the moving average forecast.
Similarly, for exponential smoothing with α = 0.2, you would calculate the forecasted values using the exponential smoothing formula and then compute the squared error for each period. Finally, for linear regression, you would fit a linear regression model to the historical sales data and use the equation to obtain the forecasted values. The squared error is then calculated for each period.
By comparing the total squared errors obtained from each forecasting method, you can assess which method provides the most accurate forecast for the given historical sales data. A lower total squared error indicates a more accurate forecast.
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Consider an exchange economy with two market participants A and B, and two goods x and y. They have initial endowments (ωA x , ωA y ) = (3, 15), and (ωB x , ωB y ) = (7, 5), and their utilities are UA(xA, yA) = xA yA 2 and UB(xB, yB) = xB yB + yB.
a) Draw the Edgeworth box representing this exchange economy, the initial endowments and the pareto improving allocations.
b) Define the equation for the contract curve, draw the contract curve and the core of this economy.
c) Find the price ratio (1/p2) for an optimal allocation in this economy
a) The Edgeworth box represents the exchange economy as a 2-dimensional box where the axes represent the quantities of goods x and y. The initial endowments of A and B are represented as points within the box. Pareto-improving allocations are shown by points on the contract curve that lie outside the initial endowment points.
b) The equation for the contract curve can be defined as UA(xA, yA) = UB(xB, yB), which represents the condition where the utilities of both participants are equal. The contract curve is drawn by plotting points that satisfy this equation. The core of the economy is the set of allocations where no individual can be made better off without making someone else worse off.
c) To find the price ratio (1/p2) for an optimal allocation, we need to determine the ratio at which participants are willing to exchange goods x and y. This can be found by calculating the marginal rates of substitution (MRS) for each participant's utility function and equating them. The MRS represents the rate at which a participant is willing to exchange one good for another while maintaining the same level of utility. By solving the equation, we can determine the price ratio (1/p2) that achieves an optimal allocation.
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Consider the Scenario given below and attempt the questions that follow:
COVID-19 Lockdown Price Freeze
You have been appointed as the Marketing Manager of Makro, Massmart CEO Mitchell Slape has assigned you tasks and requires you to write a report that will be presented at the next Massmart Board meeting. You are encouraged to conduct further research on the company.
Background issues
1Massmart . is a South African firm that owns local brands such as Game, Makro, Builder's Warehouse, Cambridge Food and Cash & Carry stores.
2Massmart announces a price freeze in all their brands for the duration of the 21-day nationwide lockdown. This will involve. suspending price adjustments that were scheduled, as part of the normal
course of business, before the lockdown was announced. Fresh produce, which is procured daily from fresh produce markets around the country, is the only category that is not included in this announcement.
3Commenting on the decision, Massmart CEO Mitchell Slape said: "This is an unprecedented time for South Africa and the. world. As we all come to terms with the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, we must do everything we can to support our customers. We are grateful to our suppliers who support this principled position.’
Advise the Board on the impact of Covid-19 on the retail industry (this includes Makro).
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the retail industry, including Makro, due to the unprecedented disruption caused by the nationwide lockdown. The government's prohibition on non-essential goods, coupled with the social distancing rules, has led to a sharp decrease in foot traffic in retail stores and a shift to online sales platforms.
As a result, sales and profits have decreased, and some retailers are facing bankruptcy. Makro and other retailers' implementation of a price freeze on goods is a means of supporting their consumers during these difficult times. This action was taken to show solidarity with South Africans, acknowledging the hardship that the lockdown has caused on people's finances.
Makro, as one of South Africa's most extensive retail stores, has an essential role to play in assisting its clients and suppliers during this pandemic. Massmart CEO, Mitchell Slape, recognizes the significance of their partnership with suppliers in his statement, and the company must continue to rely on its suppliers to ensure the supply of goods to Makro and other Massmart-owned stores.
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Sales price Direct materials used Direct labor Manufacturing overhead Selling and administrative expense Units manufactured Beginning Finished Goods Inventory Ending Finished Goods Inventory Total $20/unit $95,850 $95,000 $133,600 $22,900 $13,500 Variable Fixed $13,900 $119,700 $9,400 31,500 units 20,500 units 8,000 units (f) Under variable costing, what is the operating income? (Round cost per unit to 2 decimal places, e.g. 2.52 and final answer to 0 decimal place, e.g. 2,152.) Operating income tA $
Under the variable costing method, the operating income can be computed.
Operating income refers to the profit earned by a business organization, which is equal to its total revenue less total expenses. It can also be defined as the money left over after the deduction of variable and fixed costs from the total revenue generated. In this case, the operating income of the company is negative, which means that the company has incurred a loss. The total revenue generated by the company is $20 × 20,500 units= $410,000. On the other hand, the total variable costs of the company include the direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead costs, which amount to $10.28 × 20,500 units= $210,740. This implies that the total contribution margin of the company is $20 − $10.28= $9.72 per unit sold. Therefore, the total contribution margin of the company can be computed as follows: $9.72 × 20,500 units= $199,860. From the information provided in the question, the total fixed costs of the company amount to $13,900 + $119,700 + $22,900 + $13,500= $170,000. This means that the company has incurred a loss of $10,880, which is equal to the difference between the total contribution margin and total fixed costs, as shown below: $199,860 − $210,740 = ($10,880)Therefore, the operating income of the company is ($10,880).
In conclusion, the operating income of the company is negative, which means that it has incurred a loss. The operating income under the variable costing method is ($10,880). The negative operating income suggests that the company's variable costs are higher than its revenue, which indicates an inefficient and unprofitable business operation. To improve its financial performance, the company needs to increase its sales revenue or reduce its variable and fixed costs.
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The APT straight line is given by E(R₁) = E(R₂) + [E(1) - E(R₂)]. Suppose there are three portfolios on this straight line. Given the following information provided, answer the questions below: Mean Beta Specific Risk 15% 0.7 21% 1.3 C 2 1.8 1. What is the slope of the APT line? (10 marks) 11. Calculate the E(R₂) (10 marks) iii. What is the expected rate of return on portfolio C? (5 marks) A80 000
To answer the questions, we need to use the given information and formulas for the APT line.
Slope = (E(R₁) - E(R₂)) / (Beta₁ - Beta₂)
E(R₁) = 15%
E(R₂) = ?
Beta₁ = 0.7
Beta₂ = 1.3
E(R₂) = E(R₁) - (Slope * (Beta₁ - Beta₂))
E(R₂) = 0.15 - (Slope * (0.7 - 1.3))
To find E(R₂), we need the slope of the APT line. The slope is not provided in the given information. Please provide the slope or any additional information to calculate E(R₂).
E(RC) = E(R₂) + (E(1) - E(R₂))
E(R₂) = ?
E(1) = 18%
E(RC) = ?
We need to find E(R₂) to calculate E(RC). Please provide the value of E(R₂) or any additional information to calculate it.
The value "A80 000" mentioned at the end of the question does not seem to be relevant to the calculation of the slope, E(R₂), or E(RC).
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which of the following firms accounts for the vast majority of total supercenter sales in the united states far outpacing its competitors?
Walmart accounts for the vast majority of total supercenter sales in the United States, far outpacing its competitors.
Walmart is the largest discount store chain in the United States, with more than 4,700 stores. Walmart's net revenue in the 2020 fiscal year was over $500 billion. The company is well-known for its "Everyday Low Prices" policy, which aims to provide consumers with the best possible pricing.
In addition, Walmart has a diverse range of items, including groceries, electronics, apparel, and home goods. Walmart Supercenters are a one-stop-shop for customers who want to purchase a variety of items in one place. Walmart has managed to maintain its position as the leading discount store chain in the United States by keeping prices low and offering a vast selection of goods to its customers.
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when reporting inventory using the lower of cost or market method, market should not be more than:
When reporting inventory using the lower of cost or market method, market should not be more than its net realizable value, less its normal profit margin.
It is called net realizable value when market amount exceeds this ceiling. Net realizable value (NRV) is the selling price of an item minus any costs to complete it, sell it, or distribute it. The net realizable value is the amount that a company expects to receive from the sale of the inventory item. As a result, when reporting inventory using the lower of cost or market method, market should not be more than its net realizable value, less its normal profit margin.
Market value is not used to increase inventory values but rather to reduce them to their current market values. When valuing inventory using the lower of cost or market (LCM) method, companies must evaluate each inventory item individually to determine whether its cost or its market price is lower. Market value refers to the amount a seller can get for an item in a current transaction. It is sometimes referred to as replacement cost, and it may be lower than the cost of the item to the seller. This concept can be used in accounting to value inventory at a lower level, which can help companies avoid overstating their financial statements.
In conclusion, a company's inventory cannot be recorded at a higher price than its net realizable value, less normal profit margin when utilizing the lower of cost or market method. It's possible that this may be less than the cost of the inventory.
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Which of the following reasons cannot explain quantity rationing by Pfeizer:
1) Inelastic demand conditions
2) Decreasing returns to scale
3) Maximizing market share
4) Signi cant market power
Pfeizer is thinking to discriminate among European consumers assigning a dierent price in each country according to the prevailing demand schedules. Compared with a uniform pricing scheme throughout the EU
1) Social welfare will be higher if quantities sold are higher
2) Social welfare will be always higher
3) Social welfare will be higher if quantities sold are lower
4) Social welfare will be always lower
Pfizer is a global pharmaceutical company that produces and distributes drugs, therefore, from the options given, the reason that cannot explain quantity rationing by Pfizer is decreasing returns to scale. Option 2. Compared with a uniform pricing scheme throughout the EU, social welfare will be higher if the quantities sold are higher. Option 1.
"Quantity rationing by Pfizer can be explained by the following reasons: Inelastic demand conditions: In the pharmaceutical industry, the demand for drugs is inelastic since medicines are considered a necessity to treat diseases. Therefore, Pfizer might ration quantity based on demand and supply.
Maximizing market share: Pfizer may ration quantity to gain a large market share in the pharmaceutical industry.
Significant market power: Pfizer has significant market power because it is a global pharmaceutical company, and the company can influence the price of drugs.
Therefore, Pfizer may ration quantity to maximize profit. Compared with a uniform pricing scheme throughout the EU, social welfare will be higher if the quantities sold are higher.
Therefore, the option that best fits is: Social welfare will be higher if the quantities sold are higher.
Hence, the right answer is option 2. Decreasing returns to scale. and option 1. Social welfare will be higher if the quantities sold are higher.
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A young management trainee in the pharmaceutical sector was frustrated when he found that his boss would not let him embark on a critical project execution related to development of a vaccine until he had a proper plan, even though creating the execution plan would entail some initial [0] delay. How can you justify the action of his boss?
1. The pharmaceutical sector is a highly regulated industry that requires strict compliance with regulatory standards. A solid plan, therefore, is critical to the success of any project. 2. Executing critical projects such as vaccine development requires thorough planning and coordination. 3. Developing a plan before executing any project is an industry best practice that is necessary to minimize uncertainties, risks, and costs.
The young management trainee in the pharmaceutical sector was frustrated when he found that his boss would not let him embark on a critical project execution related to the development of a vaccine until he had a proper plan, even though creating the execution plan would entail some initial delay. The boss's action is justifiable because of the following reasons:
1. The pharmaceutical sector is a highly regulated industry that requires strict compliance with regulatory standards. Inadequate planning can lead to severe regulatory consequences, such as fines, product recalls, and even legal sanctions. A solid plan, therefore, is critical to the success of any project.
2. Executing critical projects such as vaccine development requires thorough planning and coordination. A proper plan ensures that all stakeholders understand their roles and responsibilities, timelines, budgetary requirements, and potential risks. The development of a vaccine requires the involvement of various departments and experts such as medical, research and development, clinical, and regulatory affairs.
3. Developing a plan before executing any project is an industry best practice that is necessary to minimize uncertainties, risks, and costs. A plan provides a roadmap to guide the project team throughout the execution process, enabling them to make informed decisions and adjustments whenever necessary. It helps ensure that the project is delivered on time, within budget, and meets the expected quality standards.
In conclusion, the boss's action to require the young management trainee to create a proper plan before embarking on a critical project execution related to the development of a vaccine is justifiable. It is a standard practice in the pharmaceutical sector to ensure regulatory compliance, coordinate all stakeholders, and minimize uncertainties and risks.
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A machine that cost $160,000 has an estimated residual value of $16,000 and an estimated useful life of four years. The company uses double-declining-balance depreciation Calculate its book value at the end of year 3. (Do not round intermediate calculations.)
Depreciation is the process of allocating the cost of an asset over its useful life, and it is usually used for capital assets such as machinery, buildings, and equipment. The double-declining-balance method of depreciation is a form of accelerated depreciation, in which the depreciation rate is twice that of straight-line depreciation. In other words, the depreciation rate under the double-declining-balance method is (2/useful life).
The book value of an asset is its cost minus its accumulated depreciation. Therefore, the book value at the end of each year is the cost minus the accumulated depreciation at the end of that year. The accumulated depreciation under the double-declining-balance method is the sum of the depreciation for each year up to that year.
The depreciation for each year is the book value at the beginning of the year multiplied by the depreciation rate for that year. Therefore, the book value at the end of year 3 is:$160,000 cost - [(2/4) × ($160,000 - $16,000)] × 3 years= $160,000 - ($80,000 × 3/4)= $160,000 - $60,000= $100,000Therefore, the book value at the end of year 3 is $100,000.
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p [CLO-4] At year-end (December 31), Rashid Company estimates its bad debts as 1 % of its annual credit sales of AED400,000 Rashid records its bad debits expense for that estimate. On the following February 15, Rashid d des that the AED800 account of Ayesha is uncollectible and writes it off as a bad debt On March 31st, Ayesha unexpectedly pays the amount previously written off Required: Part a) Prepare the journal entries of Rashid to record these transactions and events of December 31, February 15, and March 31st. (4 marks) Part b) Ahmed Company's year-end unadjusted trial balance shows accounts receivable of $60,000, and sales of $200,000. Uncollectible are estimated to be 2% of accounts receivable. Required: Prepare the year-end adjusting entry on December 31st for uncollectible if the allowance account had a year-end unadjusted credit balance of $3007 (Note: part (b) is not linked with part (a) (1 mark) Part c) What is matching (expense recognition) principle? Why matching principle can be applied to estimate bad debts at the end of the accounting period? (1 mark) For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac) 2 LX EEA QSF Arial BIVS 10pt Paragraph
The matching principle can be applied to estimate bad debts at the end of the accounting period because it allows for the recognition of potential losses from uncollectible accounts that are associated with the sales made during that period.
Part a) Journal Entries for Rashid Company:
December 31:
Bad Debts Expense: AED4,000
Allowance for Doubtful Debts: AED4,000 (To record estimated bad debts of 1% of credit sales)
February 15:
Allowance for Doubtful Debts: AED800
Accounts Receivable - Ayesha: AED800 (To write off Ayesha's uncollectible account)
March 31:
Accounts Receivable - Ayesha: AED800
Allowance for Doubtful Debts: AED800 (To reinstate Ayesha's payment)
Part b) Adjusting Entry for Ahmed Company:
December 31:
Bad Debts Expense: $1,200 [($60,000 x 2%)-$3,007]
Allowance for Doubtful Debts: $1,200 (To record estimated uncollectible accounts based on 2% of accounts receivable and adjust the credit balance of the allowance account)
Part c) Matching (Expense Recognition) Principle:
The matching principle is an accounting principle that requires expenses to be recognized in the same period as the related revenues. It ensures that expenses are reported in the same accounting period as the revenues they help generate, providing a more accurate representation of the business's financial performance.
The matching principle can be applied to estimate bad debts at the end of the accounting period because it allows for the recognition of potential losses from uncollectible accounts that are associated with the sales made during that period. By estimating and recording bad debts expense, the matching principle ensures that the expenses related to credit sales are matched with the corresponding revenues in the same period, providing a more accurate portrayal of the business's financial results.
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What is the Revocation Rule? What is the Mailbox Rule? Please provide an example that shows both concepts in action (make sure and use dates in your example and tell me when the revocation took place and when acceptance took place). Explain your example.
Answer:
The mailbox rule (also called the posting rule), which is the default rule under contract law for determining the time at If an offer has been made, the offering party has a right to withdraw it up to formal acceptance by the offeree which an offer is accepted
Explanation:
The revocation rule and the mailbox rule are two legal concepts that are frequently discussed in contract law. The mailbox rule is a legal principle that governs the acceptance of a contract offer.
The revocation rule states that a contract offer can be withdrawn at any time before it is accepted. Even if the offeror has promised to keep the offer open for a specified period, he or she is still free to revoke it before it is accepted. This means that if an offer is not accepted in time, it will expire, and the offeror will not be required to honor it.
Let's use an example to illustrate this.
On Monday, Sally sends a letter to John offering to sell him her car for $5,000. The letter states that the offer will remain open until Thursday. On Wednesday, Sally changes her mind and decides she doesn't want to sell the car after all. She calls John and tells him that the offer is no longer available. John cannot force Sally to sell him the car because the revocation rule allows her to withdraw her offer at any time before it is accepted.
The mailbox rule is a legal principle that governs the acceptance of a contract offer. It states that if an offer is accepted by mail, fax, or email, the acceptance is effective when it is sent, not when it is received. This means that once the acceptance has been sent, it cannot be revoked, even if it is lost in the mail or never received by the offeror.
Let's use an example to illustrate this. On Monday, John receives a letter from Sally offering to sell him her car for $5,000. On Wednesday, John decides to accept the offer and mails a letter back to Sally saying he agrees to the deal. The letter is postmarked Wednesday. On Friday, Sally receives John's acceptance letter. Even though it took two days to arrive, the acceptance is still considered valid because it was effective when it was sent on Wednesday.The revocation took place on Wednesday when Sally called John and told him that the offer was no longer available. The acceptance took place on Wednesday when John sent his letter to Sally agreeing to the deal.
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For four years, Mary Thomas invested $4,020 each year in America Bank stock. The stock was selling for $53 in 2018, for $49 in 2019, for $50 in 2020, and for $42 in 2021.
b. After four years, how many shares does Mary own?
Note: Round your intermediate calculations to 1 decimal place. Round up your final answer to the nearest whole unit.
c. What is the average cost per share of Mary’s investment?
a) To find the number of shares, you need to divide the total investment by the price of each share.The amount of Mary's investment for four years is $4,020 × 4 = $16,080. Then:For 2018: Number of shares = $4,020 ÷ $53 = 75.85 shares (round off to the nearest whole unit is 76 shares).
a) To find the number of shares, you need to divide the total investment by the price of each share.The amount of Mary's investment for four years is $4,020 × 4 = $16,080. Then:For 2018: Number of shares = $4,020 ÷ $53 = 75.85 shares (round off to the nearest whole unit is 76 shares).For 2019: Number of shares = $4,020 ÷ $49 = 82.04 shares (round off to the nearest whole unit is 82 shares).For 2020: Number of shares = $4,020 ÷ $50 = 80.4 shares (round off to the nearest whole unit is 80 shares).For 2021: Number of shares = $4,020 ÷ $42 = 95.71 shares (round off to the nearest whole unit is 96 shares).Therefore, the total number of shares that Mary owns is 76 + 82 + 80 + 96 = 334 shares.b) To find the average cost per share of Mary’s investment, you need to add the total cost of all the shares and then divide it by the total number of shares that Mary owns.The total amount Mary invested is $16,080.The total cost of all shares is 76 × $53 + 82 × $49 + 80 × $50 + 96 × $42 = $21,068.The average cost per share of Mary's investment is $21,068 ÷ 334 shares = $63.09 (rounded off to the nearest cent). Therefore, the answer is: a) After four years, Mary owns 334 shares.b) The average cost per share of Mary's investment is $63.09.
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