Test 3 project stem answers

The following statements are true of a constant:

Therefore, the correct options are 1) and 2).

A data type is a collection or grouping of data values in computer science and computer programming, often defined by a set of potential values, a set of allowable actions on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types.

Data types provide the semantics and storage properties of data components in the C programming language. They are stated as declarations for memory locations or variables in the language syntax. The types of operations or techniques of processing data pieces are also determined by data types.

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Answer:

B. observation

Explanation:

Observation, as a requirement-gathering method, refers to the process of systematically watching, analyzing, and documenting users, processes, or systems in their real-life environment to gain an insightful understanding of their needs, preferences, and challenges. This method allows developers, researchers, or designers to identify user requirements, discover patterns, and find potential improvement opportunities, ultimately contributing to the creation of more effective and user-centered solutions, products, or services. The observation process could involve techniques such as direct observation, participant observation, or video recording, and often incorporates qualitative and quantitative data analysis.

The most accurate description for sans-serif fonts would be Basic Design. Sans-serif fonts are characterized by their clean and simple appearance, lacking the small decorative lines or strokes known as serifs that are present in serif fonts. So, the correct choice is Option B.

Sans-serif fonts have a modern and minimalist aesthetic, making them widely used in various design contexts, including print and digital media. They are known for their legibility and readability, particularly at smaller sizes and on screens, due to their straightforward and uncluttered design. Unlike serif fonts, which often convey a more traditional or formal feel, sans-serif fonts are versatile and can adapt to different design purposes. They are commonly associated with a more contemporary and streamlined look. Their simplicity allows them to be easily readable even in large blocks of text, making them suitable for body text in documents, websites, and presentations.

While it is true that some sans-serif fonts can have a creative or artistic appearance, it is not a defining characteristic of the entire category. Sans-serif fonts can be designed with various styles and weights, allowing for a range of visual expressions, from bold and assertive to elegant and refined.

In terms of readability, sans-serif fonts generally maintain their legibility even when sized down. They are often preferred for digital interfaces and mobile devices where screen real estate is limited. However, it is essential to choose an appropriate font size and style to ensure optimal readability in any context.

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Answer:

BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use.

Answer:

a grench helps to give to access work

The correct option that is missing in this environment is "Flow."

Flow refers to the smooth and continuous movement of work through different stages in a process. In an ideal Agile environment, the goal is to have a seamless flow of work from development to production, with minimal delays and handoffs. However, in the scenario described, there is a bottleneck in the flow of work.

The Scrum Team has completed the development of a new feature and had a successful Sprint Review with the Product Owner. The Product Owner is satisfied and wants to release the feature to the users. However, the Scrum Team is unable to release it themselves because the production environment is owned by the company's IT operations team.

This delay in the production release process hampers the flow of work. Ideally, in an Agile environment, there should be a focus on automating the deployment process, implementing continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) pipelines, and empowering the Scrum Team to release their features independently. This allows for faster and more frequent deployments, reducing waiting times and enabling a smoother flow of work from development to production.

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The correct file format for the file extensions are given below:

AVI, which stands for Audio Video Interleave, is a format used for storing multimedia content that includes both audio and video data. It is a frequently employed medium for films and short videos.

The Bitmap (BMP) file type retains pixel data in an uncompressed form, which makes it ideal for producing superior quality visuals. The file format utilized by Microsoft Word for documents is referred to as DOCX (Microsoft Word Open XML).

The EPUB format is specially created for electronic books and serves as an open format for publication. It enables content that can adjust its layout and makes it effortless to read on different devices like e-readers and tablets.

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Answer:

The examples of critical reading are:

Considering an argument from a different point of view

Reviewing an argument to identify potential biases

Therefore, the correct options are:

Considering an argument from a different point of view

Reviewing an argument to identify potential biases

The program that defines a function named CoinFlip that returns "Heads" or "Tails" according to a random value 1 or 0 is given below:

#include <iostream>

#include <cstdlib>

#include <ctime>

std::string CoinFlip() {

   int randomValue = std::rand() % 2;

   return (randomValue == 1) ? "Heads" : "Tails";

}

int main() {

   std::srand(std::time(0)); // Seed the random number generator

   int numFlips;

   std::cin >> numFlips;

   for (int i = 0; i < numFlips; ++i) {

       std::cout << CoinFlip() << std::endl;

   }

   return 0;

}

We use std::rand() to generate a random number between 0 and RAND_MAX, and limit it to 0 or 1 with the % operator.

The CoinFlip() function returns "Heads" or "Tails". In main(), we seed the random number generator with std::srand(std::time(0)).

To ensure unique random values, we call CoinFlip() function in a loop after taking user input for the desired number of coin flips. Finally, return 0 for program success.

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4. I only

5. {'Jones': 48, 'Nielsson': 46, 'Nsona': 50, 'Rodriguez': 52}

6. dcn.setdefault("super", "hero")

7. 12

Answer:

=MATCH() returns the position of a cell in a row or column. Combined, the two formulas can look up and return the value of a cell in a table based on vertical and horizontal criteria.

Answer:

A recent, noticeable trend relating to global sustainable is the reduction in usage of non-renewable resources and carbon emissions eg: reducing the carbon footprint

Routers determine the destination of a network packet by analyzing the control information embedded within the packet

Routers utilize the control information included in a network packet to ascertain its intended destination. The control information consists of addressing data and routing headers that aid the router in determining the best path for forwarding.

The payload, in contrast, pertains to the tangible content or data that an individual aims to send. One example of a payload is an email which serves to deliver both the content and accompanying attachments.

Routers make effective use of control information to accurately guide the payload towards its intended destination within the network.

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Dictionaries store values using pairs of:

Option A: keys and values

Dictionaries store values using pairs of keys and values. In a dictionary, keys are unique identifiers that serve as labels, while values are associated data.

This key-value pairing allows for efficient and rapid retrieval of values based on their corresponding keys, making dictionaries a fundamental data structure for mapping and organizing data in various programming languages.

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Dictionaries store values using pairs of keys and values.

Dictionaries store values using pairs of keys and values. In Python, dictionaries are similar to a phone book, where the keys are like names and the values are like phone numbers. For example, in a dictionary of students, the keys could be the student names and the values could be their corresponding grades.

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Answer:

Python 3.X

# Sensor information as a list of tuples

sensor_info = [(0, "4213", "STEM Center"),

              (1, "4201", "Foundations Lab"),

              (2, "4204", "CS Lab"),

              (3, "4218", "Workshop Room"),

              (4, "4205", "Tiled Room"),

              (5, "Out", "Outside")]

# Create a dictionary to map room numbers to sensor numbers and room descriptions

sensors = {}

for sensor in sensor_info:

   sensors[sensor[1]] = (sensor[2], sensor[0])

# Create a list of sensor information from the sensors dictionary using a list comprehension

sensor_list = [(room, sensors[room][0], sensors[room][1]) for room in sensors]

# Create a filter list containing all sensor numbers using a list comprehension

filter_list = [sensors[room][1] for room in sensors]

def main():

   """Builds data structures required for the program and provides the unit test code"""

   print("Testing sensors: ")

   if sensors["4213"][0] == "STEM Center" and sensors["Out"][1] == 5:

       print("Pass")

   else:

       print("Fail")

   print("Testing sensor_list length:")

   if len(sensor_list) == 6:

       print("Pass")

   else:

       print("Fail")

   print("Testing sensor_list content:")

   for item in sensor_list:

       if item[1] != sensors[item[0]][0] or item[2] != sensors[item[0]][1]:

           print("Fail")

           break

   else:

       print("Pass")

   print("Testing filter_list length:")

   if len(filter_list) == 6:

       print("Pass")

   else:

       print("Fail")

   print("Testing filter_list content:")

   if sum(filter_list) == 15:

       print("Pass")

   else:

       print("Fail")

   print("STEM Center Temperature Project")

   print("Mike Murphy")

   print()

   main_menu = ["1 - Process a new data file",

                "2 - Choose units",

                "3 - Edit room filter",

                "4 - Show summary statistics",

                "5 - Show temperature by date and time",

                "6 - Show histogram of temperatures",

                "7 - Quit"]

   for item in main_menu:

       print(item)

   choice = input("What is your choice? ")

   print()

   print("Thank you for using the STEM Center Temperature Project")

if __name__ == "__main__":

   main()

Python 2.x

# Sensor information as a list of tuples

sensor_info = [(0, "4213", "STEM Center"),

              (1, "4201", "Foundations Lab"),

              (2, "4204", "CS Lab"),

              (3, "4218", "Workshop Room"),

              (4, "4205", "Tiled Room"),

              (5, "Out", "Outside")]

# Create a dictionary to map room numbers to sensor numbers and room descriptions

sensors = {}

for sensor in sensor_info:

   sensors[sensor[1]] = (sensor[2], sensor[0])

# Create a list of sensor information from the sensors dictionary using a list comprehension

sensor_list = [(room, sensors[room][0], sensors[room][1]) for room in sensors]

# Create a filter list containing all sensor numbers using a list comprehension

filter_list = [sensors[room][1] for room in sensors]

def main():

   """Builds data structures required for the program and provides the unit test code"""

   print "Testing sensors: "

   if sensors["4213"][0] == "STEM Center" and sensors["Out"][1] == 5:

       print "Pass"

   else:

       print "Fail"

   print "Testing sensor_list length:"

   if len(sensor_list) == 6:

       print "Pass"

   else:

       print "Fail"

   print "Testing sensor_list content:"

   for item in sensor_list:

       if item[1] != sensors[item[0]][0] or item[2] != sensors[item[0]][1]:

           print "Fail"

           break

   else:

       print "Pass"

   print "Testing filter_list length:"

   if len(filter_list) == 6:

       print "Pass"

   else:

       print "Fail"

   print "Testing filter_list content:"

   if sum(filter_list) == 15:

       print "Pass"

   else:

       print "Fail"

   print "STEM Center Temperature Project"

   print "Mike Murphy"

   print

   main_menu = ["1 - Process a new data file",

                "2 - Choose units",

                "3 - Edit room filter",

                "4 - Show summary statistics",

                "5 - Show temperature by date and time",

                "6 - Show histogram of temperatures",

                "7 - Quit"]

   for item in main_menu:

       print item

   choice = raw_input("What is your choice? ")

   print

   print "Thank you for using the STEM Center Temperature Project"

if __name__ == "__main__":

   main()

Explanation:

Answer:

Designing an ICT system requires consideration of various customer needs and constraints, which can be broadly classified into the following categories:

Functional needs: These are requirements related to what the system is supposed to do. For instance, a customer might need an e-commerce system that allows them to purchase products online, track their orders, and receive notifications about delivery. The system design should prioritize meeting these functional needs effectively.

Performance needs: Customers may have specific performance requirements for the ICT system, such as response time, reliability, and speed of processing. These needs can be influenced by the nature of the customer's business and the criticality of the system. For example, a financial institution might require a high-performance ICT system that can process a large volume of transactions in real-time.

User experience needs: Customers often have expectations about the user experience of the ICT system. The design should consider factors like ease of use, accessibility, and intuitiveness of the interface. User experience needs can be influenced by factors like the demographics of the target audience, the complexity of the system, and the level of customization required.

Compatibility needs: Customers may have existing ICT systems that need to be integrated with the new system. The design should consider compatibility requirements related to operating systems, programming languages, and software packages.

Security needs: Customers need to ensure that the ICT system is secure and complies with data protection laws. Security needs can include data privacy, access controls, encryption, and protection against hacking and cyber threats.

Budget constraints: Customers may have budget constraints that limit the resources available for the design and implementation of the ICT system. The design should balance the customer's budget constraints with their functional and performance needs.

Time constraints: Customers may have specific timelines for the completion of the ICT system. The design should consider factors like the complexity of the system, the number of features, and the availability of resources to ensure that the system is delivered within the required timeframe.

In summary, the design of an ICT system should consider a wide range of customer needs and constraints, including functional needs, performance needs, user experience needs, compatibility needs, security needs, budget constraints, and time constraints.

Explanation:

The problem arises as a result of the utilization of cin.ignore() before getline() in the setEssayQ() and getEssayQ() functions.

When setting a value for the variable num_of_q before calling the setTest() function, there is an issue where a newline character may be left in the input buffer.

The cin.ignore() function solely removes the initial newline character. A solution to the problem is to delete the cin.ignore() function before the getline() statement in setEssayQ(), followed by inserting cin.ignore(numeric_limits::max(), 'n'); after the cin >> num_of_q; statement in the setTest() function.

By executing this process, the skipping problem can be avoided as it effectively clears the input buffer.

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Explanation:

Professional bodies for IT, such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and the British Computer Society (BCS), play an important role in the field of information technology. Some of the key roles of professional bodies for IT include:

1. Setting standards: Professional bodies for IT set standards for the ethical and professional conduct of IT professionals. They establish codes of conduct and best practices that help to ensure that IT professionals act with integrity, respect, and responsibility.

2. Providing education and training: Professional bodies for IT provide education and training opportunities to help IT professionals stay up-to-date with the latest technologies, trends, and best practices. They offer certifications and continuing education programs that can enhance the skills and knowledge of IT professionals.

3. Promoting networking and collaboration: Professional bodies for IT provide opportunities for IT professionals to network and collaborate with each other. They organize events, conferences, and workshops that bring together IT professionals from different sectors and disciplines, allowing them to share ideas, learn from each other, and build professional relationships.

4. Advocating for the profession: Professional bodies for IT advocate for the interests of IT professionals and the IT industry as a whole. They work to promote the value of IT to society, influence public policy related to IT, and raise awareness of issues that affect the profession and the industry.

Overall, professional bodies for IT play a vital role in promoting the development and growth of the field of information technology. They help to ensure that IT professionals act with integrity and professionalism, provide education and training opportunities to enhance skills and knowledge, facilitate networking and collaboration among IT professionals, and advocate for the interests of the profession and the industry.

b)

i. (a b) && (c != 5) evaluates to false because (2 < 3) is true, but (5 != 5) is false.

c)

i. Soccer scores can be declared and initialized as an array of integers, like this: int[] scores = {2, 1, 4, 3, 0};

ii. The area of a triangle can be calculated using the formula: area = (base * height) / 2. To declare and initialize the area of a triangle, we need to know the base and height. For example, if the base is 5 and the height is 3, we can write: double area = (5 * 3) / 2;

iii. The number of days in a year is a constant value that can be declared and initialized using the keyword "final": final int DAYS_IN_YEAR = 365;

c)

i. result = x/y; evaluates to 0 because x = 4 and y = 7, so 4/7 is less than 1.

ii. result = y* 2; evaluates to 14 because y = 7, so 7 * 2 = 14.

iii. result = y + z; evaluates to 9 because y = 7 and z = 2, so 7 + 2 = 9.

d)

The output for the expression below is:

x = 6

y = ++x

PRINT x // output is 7

PRINT y // output is 7

The expression "++x" increments the value of x by 1 before assigning it to y, so y is equal to 7. When we print x, the output is also 7 because x was incremented by 1.

Answer:

Cloud

Explanation:

Cloud file sharing is a method of allowing multiple users to access data within a public cloud, private cloud or hybrid cloud.

There are five devices that, when combined together, make a desktop computer. These devices include a tower, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and external speakers.

The tower, also known as the computer case or CPU, is the main component that houses the motherboard, power supply, and other important hardware components. It is responsible for processing and storing data.

The monitor is the visual display unit that allows users to see and interact with their computer. It can come in various sizes and resolutions, depending on the user's needs.

The keyboard and mouse are input devices that allow users to input data and interact with their computer. The keyboard is used to type text and commands, while the mouse is used to navigate and select items on the screen.

Lastly, external speakers can be added to a desktop computer to enhance the audio experience. They allow users to hear music, sound effects, and other audio elements more clearly.

Overall, these five devices work together to create a fully functional desktop computer. While there are other optional components that can be added, such as a scanner or stylus, these five devices are essential for any desktop setup.

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Web browsers provide various functionalities that can enrich the overall browsing encounter. The accurate selections are choices 1, 3, and 5 among the provided options.

Web browsers give users the option to access particular resources on the Internet by entering website addresses or search queries in the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) field.

Web pages are rendered through the parsing and interpretation of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code by web browsers. This allows for the accurate display of website content and visual features as intended by the developers.

The majority of web browsers have a toolbar containing several features including navigation buttons like back, forward, and refresh, search function, bookmarks, and additional tools that enable users to personalize their browsing experience.

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The program based on the given question using Integer numFeaturedItems is read from input is given below:

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {

 int numFeaturedItems;

 cin >> numFeaturedItems;

 vector<string> febFeaturedItems(numFeaturedItems);

 vector<string> octFeaturedItems(numFeaturedItems);

 for (int i = 0; i < numFeaturedItems; ++i) {

   cin >> febFeaturedItems[i];

 }

 for (int i = 0; i < numFeaturedItems; ++i) {

   cin >> octFeaturedItems[i];

 }

 if (febFeaturedItems == octFeaturedItems) {

   cout << "February's featured items and October's featured items are the same." << endl;

 } else {

   cout << "February's featured items and October's featured items are not the same." << endl;

 }

 vector<string> octBackup = octFeaturedItems;

 cout << "October's backup: ";

 for (const string& item : octBackup) {

  cout << item << " ";

 }

 cout << endl;

 return 0;

}

Input:

4 mattress hammock counter sideboard bookshelf sofa shoerack bed

Output:

February's featured items: mattress hammock counter sideboard

October's featured items: bookshelf sofa shoerack bed

February's featured items and October's featured items are not the same.

October's backup: bookshelf sofa shoerack bed

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The step must you do first before you can use a block that says "change score by 1" is Use "Make a variable" to create a variable named score.

In order to utilize the "change score by 1" block, it is imperative to establish a variable that can keep a record of the score. The score will be monitored and increased accordingly using the variable. The initial action required entails utilizing the "Make a variable" block to establish a variable labeled as score.

After establishing the variable, you are able to utilize the block that says "increase score by 1" to add 1 to the score every time it is employed. Furthermore, the "display variable" block can be utilized to exhibit the present score.

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Answer:

One must have a computer to display a webpage.

Explanation:

And the internet too.

def find_mean(dict):

   return sum(dict.values()) / len(dict)

Explanation:

b. Windows operating system provides an easy-to-use interface to operate the computer. After completing work on the computer, you need to shut down the computer properly to avoid any data loss or damage.

c. Once you start your computer, what you see on the screen is called the desktop.

d. The small picture buttons that represent commands, programs, files or folders are called icons.

e. In Windows 8 and later versions, the Start button is replaced by the Start screen, which displays a tile-based interface of apps and shortcuts.

f. A file name has two parts, the filename and the file extension, separated by a dot. The file extension indicates the type of file and determines which program can open it.

g. So it is very important to use the correct file extension when saving a file in Windows-8, as it can affect the ability of other programs to open or use the file.

The National Water Act of 1998 in many countries is designed to ensure the sustainable use and management of water resources for the benefit of all communities. However, there are several reasons why most communities do not fully benefit from the provisions outlined in this act. Here are four key reasons:

1. Lack of Infrastructure: One of the primary reasons is the inadequate infrastructure in many communities. This includes the absence of proper water supply systems, treatment plants, and distribution networks. Without sufficient infrastructure, communities struggle to access clean and reliable water services, thereby limiting the benefits they can derive from the provisions of the National Water Act.

2. Limited Financial Resources: Communities often face financial constraints that hinder their ability to implement and maintain water management projects. The cost of infrastructure development, maintenance, and operation can be substantial, making it challenging for communities with limited financial resources to fully comply with the provisions of the National Water Act.

3. Lack of Awareness and Capacity: Many communities are unaware of their rights and obligations under the National Water Act. There is a lack of awareness and understanding of the importance of sustainable water management practices, water conservation, and efficient water use. Additionally, communities may lack the technical capacity and expertise needed to effectively implement and enforce the provisions of the act.

4. Governance and Implementation Challenges: Weak governance structures and inadequate enforcement mechanisms pose significant challenges to the effective implementation of the National Water Act. Corruption, lack of coordination between government agencies, and insufficient regulatory frameworks can hinder the equitable distribution of water resources and undermine the intended benefits for communities.

In conclusion, the limited benefit experienced by most communities from the provisions of the National Water Act can be attributed to factors such as inadequate infrastructure, financial constraints, lack of awareness and capacity, and governance challenges. Addressing these issues requires concerted efforts from various stakeholders, including government bodies, community organizations, and civil society, to ensure the sustainable and equitable management of water resources for the benefit of all communities.