the fact that different counties experience different standards of living is largely explained by differences in those countries? a. populations. b. productivity levels. c. locations. d. none of the above; economists are puzzled by differences in standards of living around the world.

Flowing from land to water late at night is a characteristic of the local wind system known as the land breeze. Along beaches near big bodies of water, sea breezes and land winds alternate.

A wind that blows from the ocean inland and toward land is referred to as a sea breeze. Due to the greater temperature differential between the ocean and neighboring land, particularly in the afternoon when the land is most heated by the sun, this breeze happens more frequently in the spring and summer.

The ability for heat absorption and retention varies between land and water. As a result, the air above them becomes either lighter or heavier. A breeze is created when the heavier, colder air travels toward the lighter, hotter air. Therefore, it is the cause of both the land breeze and the sea breeze.

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Artificial wetlands can help purify water and also provide recreational opportunities.

A man-made recreation of a wetland environment is known as an artificial wetland. These artificial wetlands are regularly used as part of initiatives to rebuild the habitats and ecosystems of natural wetlands. Additionally, some artificial wetlands are further constructed to perform additional functions, frequently connected to the filtration and treatment of water or sewage. Such artificial wetlands can frequently be a good substitute for more industrial water and waste treatment procedures.

It may be technically possible to remediate stormwater using constructed wetlands. Local treatment system installation has various advantages, including increased soil health and drought resistance, decreased flooding and stream erosion, sediment collection and nutrient uptake, and the creation of green space.

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Organisms can only exist in circumstances where their demands are supplied. Natural selection is based on the premise that qualities that may be handed down assist animals to adapt to their surroundings better than other creatures of identical species.

a) Its natural habitat is this environment. Here, an organism may find everything it needs to exist, including food, water, a refuge from the elements, and a location to reproduce its young. To be able to live, all species must be able to adapt to the changing environment.

b) According to the theory of natural selection, features that can be handed down help animals adapt to their environment more successfully than their kin. As a result, the species evolves because it can survive and reproduce better than other members of the species.

c) The evolution mechanism's changes are always genetically determined, and the process as a whole move slowly. Natural selection has a big impact.

d) To put it simply, sexual reproduction contributes to the development of genotypes that are more adapted to surviving in various settings.

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According to the given statement Earth's temperature is neither the hottest nor the coldest among other planets​.

It is a common misconception that “Terra” is the internationally-recognized scientific name of the planet, but in reality Earth does not have an official international name. The standard English name of the planet, including in science, is “Earth”.

In short, the sun is getting farther away from Earth over time. On average, Earth is about 93 million miles (150 million kilometers) from the sun, according to NASA (opens in new tab). However, its orbit is not perfectly circular; it's slightly elliptical, or oval-shaped.

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Answer:

Water resources are heavily polluted, salinity of water is high due to the process of oil extraction and refining.

Explanation:

The oil industry is important to economies of many Middle Eastern countries, like Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Yemen, and Persia. Oil production can differ from country to country environments.  

Beginning with extraction, when oil is first removed from the ground, maximum environmental damages occur, it damages the natural habitats as land is cleared for machines. Oil spills due to drilling sites harms the surrounding flora and fauna.  

In the process of refining oil to gasoline. Oil plants release toxic chemicals into the air and may also contaminate nearby water.  

The transportation stage may lead to oil spills. Spills pollute the coastal land and water bodies and destroying the coral reef. These effects can last for long periods.

Learn more about the least three ways that the oil industry has affected the environment of the Middle East. Be sure to consider the processes of extracting, refining, and transporting oil.

As basaltic achondrite meteorites, pieces of basalt from these bodies can be discovered on Earth. Throughout Earth's history, massive amounts of basaltic lava have been produced, mostly as a result of seafloor expansion.

The most prevalent volcanic rock in the world is basalt. It frequently consists of lava that has solidified and cooled. Sometimes volcanic rock is used to create whole islands. In the state of New Jersey, basalt may be seen on the slopes of ancient volcanoes. Typically, basalt is gray-black or black. Despite being a volcanic rock, basalt is neither glossy like obsidian nor light like pumice. Basalt is brittle and solid. It has a delicate texture. Sources of iron ore and copper include basalt. Large copper concentrations may be found in the basalt in the Canadian region surrounding Lake Superior. Among the rich minerals found in basalt are stunning dark-blue sapphires, which are utilized in jewelry.

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Topographic features are very important points, lines, and regions that have a specific meaning for describing the shape of the terrain: they correspond to the local various properties of the terrain surface.

A point of the surface is related to some characteristic class depending on the structure of the surface in its neighborhood. main features are peaks, pits, and passes.

A peak is a point of relative highest, a pit is a point of relative lowest, and a pass is a saddle point for the surface, i.e., a point where there is a local highest in one direction and a local minimum in a different direction.

Lineal aspects are ridges and valleys. a point lies on a ridge if its neighborhood can be subdivided by a line passing through it, and such that the surface in each half-neighborhood is monotonically reducing when moving away from the line.

A ridge occurs where there is a local maximum in the surface in one direction, a valley occurs where there is a local least in one direction.

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The halt of groundwater pumping exacerbates land subsidence because the more water trapped beneath weakens the rock, causing it to settle more readily. (False)

When a lot of groundwater has been removed from specific types of rocks, particularly fine-grained sediments, land subsidence occurs. The earth is partially held up by water, which causes the rock to compress. When the water is turned ofall.You might not notice land sinking much since it can occur over large regions as opposed to a single, tiny spot, like a sinkhole. Subsidence is a common occurrence, but this does not mean it is not significant; over time, states like California, Texas, and Florida

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False, Glaciation did not significantly contribute to the parent rock that eventually formed the soils of North Carolina during the most recent ice age.

Cecil soil, which covers more than 1.6 million acres in North Carolina, is the most prevalent kind of soil, according to the Natural Resources Conservation Agency (NRCS). The state's official soil of North Carolina is Cecil dirt.

Porphyritic felsic, igneous, & metamorphic rock combine to make this soil. Feldspar as well as other light-colored minerals make up felsic rock, igneous rock is created under extreme heat, and metamorphic rock has undergone heat and pressure-induced changes.

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Deforestation, loss of habitat, and the removal of water from the ecosystem are all frequent effects of urbanization. Most of South America in regions with significant environmental and climatic risks.

Urbanization is a process wherein a growing proportion of people lives in urban settings. Modernization is brought about by people moving from rural (or semi-rural) areas into urban ones (towns and cities). This usually occurs while a country is still emerging.

Rapid urbanisation is the trend of becoming more like a city. A town's population may disperse to the neighboring areas as populations rise. Large apartment complexes may have appeared in the town's erstwhile outlying areas, drawing in more people to live there and work there.

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the energy that warms earth's surface comes primarily in the form of visible light from the Sun. Our eyes primarily receive visible light waves from the Sun.

Solar radiation, another name for the incoming light from the Sun to the Earth, is referred to as sunlight. The electromagnetic spectrum, which also includes infrared, visible light, and ultraviolet light, is represented by this light. The visible region of the solar spectrum contains around half of the light, while the near-infrared region contains the majority of the remaining radiation and the ultraviolet region only contains a very minor proportion. The UV energy of sunlight that strikes the surface of the Earth has been partially absorbed by the atmosphere.

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The Relic describes the primary type of boundary imposed in Africa as a result of the Berlin Conference which is option B.

Relic boundaries are boundaries that were in existence in the past and can still be identified on the landscape, such boundaries include the Great Wall of China and the Berlin Wall. In Berlin, the old location of the wall is marked throughout the city with commemorative bricks, but there are other signs of where the wall used to be.

Therefore, the correct answer is as given above. the one that describes the primary type of boundary imposed in Africa as a result of the Berlin Conference.

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Answer:

Wind Eroded Arid Landforms – Deflation basins, Mushroom rocks, Inselbergs, Demoiselles, Demoiselles, Zeugen , Wind bridges and windows. Depositional Arid Landforms – Ripple Marks, Sand dunes, Longitudinal dunes, Transverse dunes, Barchans, Parabolic dunes, Star dunes and Loess.vr

Explanation:

The landforms which are created by erosional and depositional activities of wind are called as Aeolian Landforms.

Semi-arid environments, which are places with little precipitation and moderately dry conditions, are prone to wind erosion and deposition. In certain areas, wind can play a big role in sculpting the terrain and forming different geomorphic features.

Wind erosion is the process by which wind carries loose material from one place to another, including sand, dust, and soil. Sand dunes, sand sheets, and deflation hollows may develop as a result of this.

On the other side, the process by which wind drops or deposits the stuff it has been transporting is known as wind deposition. Features like sand bars, blowouts, and depositional ridges may result from this.

The velocity and direction of the wind, the kind, and size of the material being moved, the topography and vegetation of the area, as well as other variables, can all have an impact on wind erosion and deposition.

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The artist is able to make the tessellation by combining geometric forms into a pattern.

A tessellation or tile is the covering of the a surface, usually a plane, with one or more geometric forms called tiles, with really no overlaps or gaps. Tessellation could be generalized to greater dimensions and a number of geometries in mathematics. A periodic tiling features a recurring pattern. Regular tilings with normal polygonal tiles all the same form & semiregular tilings with irregular tiles of more than a shape with every edge identically placed are two examples. Periodic tiling patterns can be divided into 17 wallpaper groups. Non-periodic tiling is one that does not have a repeating pattern. Aperiodic tiling employs a limited selection of tile forms that cannot create a repeating pattern.

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false. An estimated 9 million tons of rock and other debris fell 90 meters into Lituya Bay (AK) in 1958, causing a tsunami. The 1958 Lituya Bay earthquake.

A fjord called Lituya Bay is situated on the Fairweather Fault in the Gulf of Alaska's northern region. It is a T-shaped harbor that is 2 miles (3 km) wide and 7 miles long (11 km). [10] An ice-scoured tide entrance with a maximum depth of 722 feet is Lituya Bay (220 m). The shallow bay's entrance is barely 33 feet deep (10 m). [10] The Gilbert and Crillon inlets, which are a portion of a trench on the Fairweather Fault, are the two arms that make up the top of the T-shaped bay.  Lituya Bay has had three previous tsunamis above 100 feet in the preceding 150 years: in 1854 (395 ft or 120 m), and in 1899 (200 ft).

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Likely discharge for 20 years is around 17,000 cfs according to the given trendline.

The amount of water that passes through a given cross-section in a given amount of time is known as the discharge, and it is typically measured in cubic feet per second (cfs) or cubic meters per second (cm/s) (cms). The stage is the height of the water's surface relative to a datum (often sea level). If there is a second rainfall event after the first, it might also be cut short by another peak in discharge. The peak discharge is the amount of water that a river can hold at one time following a rainfall event; if this level exceeds the bank's full discharge, a flood will result in which the river overtops its banks.

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Mesoamerica which provided the benefit of:(D)year-round agriculture was possible.

They practised swidden agriculture, which depleted the nutrients in the soil and compelled farmers to relocate to more fruitful ground. o They constructed higher fields and cleared marshes in urban areas. They also used irrigation in arid places and terraced hills in cooler altitudes.

The earliest significant Mesoamerican civilization that is known was that of the Olmecs (/lmks, ol-/). They settled in the tropical lowlands of the present Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco after a steady expansion in Soconusco.

Using digging sticks that had been fire-hardened, seeds were planted after the soil had been cleaned by chopping and burning. Crops were kept in granaries or pits. It is clear that there is still a lot to learn about early agriculture in the lowlands of Mesoamerica.

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designed as a defense against invasion troops manned the balconies with crossbows. Detailed carvings of soldiers in various facial expressions on rough stones.

tombs that have three parts and were designed to house an emperor in the afterlife. Terracotta Warriors were another name for the terracotta troops. Emperor Qin Shi Huang constructed life-size terracotta soldiers for his funeral burial due to his desire for immortality. There are horses, chariots, armored troops, and archers in it. Terracotta soldiers were made to guard the emperor in the afterlife. Archaeologists estimate that the army consisted of 8,000 troops, 520 horses, and 130 chariots. Pottery called terracotta is distinguished by the earthenware color of its brownish-red hue.

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According to the theory of plate boundarie, the lithosphere, the planet's outermost layer made up of the crust and upper mantle, is split into substantial rocky plates. The asthenosphere, a sheet of rock that is partially molten, supports these plates.

Underneath the lithosphere of the Earth is the asthenosphere, a substantial and viscous layer. Heat from deep under the Earth makes it pliable, allowing the lithosphere above to shift. In essence, it functions as though the asthenosphere were lubricating the lithosphere's undersides. The plate boundaries  move relative to one another at different rates as a result of the convection of the asthenosphere and lithosphere. This movement occurs between one and six inches per year. This interaction of tectonic plates leads to a variety of different geological formations, such as the East African Rift, the San Andreas Fault in California, and the Himalayan mountain range in Asia

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The wall between the nave arcade and the clerestory in early christian churches was typically decorated with mosaics .

A mosaic is an example or picture made of little customary or unpredictable bits of shaded stone, glass or fired, held set up by mortar/mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are frequently utilized as floor and wall decoration, and were especially famous in the Old Roman world.

Mosaic today includes wall paintings and asphalts, yet additionally work of art, leisure activity makes, and modern and development structures.

Mosaics have a long history, beginning in Mesopotamia in the third thousand years BC. Stone mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with examples and pictures became widespread in traditional times, both in Old Greece and Antiquated Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the fourth century onwards were decorated with wall and roof mosaics. Mosaic craftsmanship prospered in the Byzantine Domain from the sixth to the fifteenth hundreds of years; that custom was embraced by the Norman Realm of Sicily in the twelfth 100 years, by the eastern-impacted Republic of Venice, and among the Rus. Mosaic dropped out of style in the Renaissance, however specialists like Raphael kept on rehearsing the old procedure. Roman and Byzantine impact drove Jewish craftsmen to decorate fifth and sixth century temples in the Center East with floor mosaics.

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Gorongosa's savanna has patches of grassland and woodland. Grassland is made up of large expanses of open grassy plains with no trees.

A biome is a locale characterized by the predominant vegetation type coming about because of the environment and geology of that area. Locales at comparable latitudes across the planet will quite often have comparative environments furthermore, consequently comparative biomes. Notwithstanding, environment is likewise impacted by a district's geology, prompting changes in biome characteristics in areas situated at a similar latitude.

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Sunlight is a type of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Sun, specifically infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light.

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In North Atlantic, when tropical cyclone strengthens and first reaches sustained winds of 39 mph (34 kt) or more, it is considered tropical storm and is officially assigned name.

A spiraling arrangement of thunderstorms that produce torrential rain and squalls, a low-pressure core, powerful winds, and a closed low-level air circulation are the characteristics of a tropical cyclone. A tropical cyclone can go by a variety of names, such as hurricane, tropical storm, cyclonic storm, tropical depression, or just cyclone, depending on where it is and how strong it is. Since these systems generally exclusively originate over tropical oceans, the term "tropical" relates to their geographic origin. Their surface winds blow counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere, and are referred to as "cyclones" because they move in a circle around a central clear eye. The Coriolis effect is responsible for the circulation's opposite direction. Large bodies of relatively warm water are where tropical cyclones often form.

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If it means exactly that 8 animals are used,  then It gets simpler because only the last expression in P_n is needed.

Now let us assume that the Scientist injects a guinea pig with the germ and no disease is seen further, it can be estimated that some guinea pig has developed immunity and it is no point trying again with that particular animal. Again 8 animals are present. So less than or equal to that number might be utilized.

After three animals provide their response, no more injections are needed to be given. The events in which any two animals respond to the injection are known to be independent. Even in the case of 8 guinea pigs, no assurance can be made certainty that 3 would respond.

Then P(3 animals are used) = (1/5)^3 = P_3. P(<= 4 animals are used) = P_4 = P(3 responses in the first 3 animals) + P(2 response in the first 3 & 4th responds) = (1/5)^3 + 3 * (1/5)^2 * (4/5) * 1/5. More commonly, P(<= n animals are used) = P(3 responses in the first (n-1) attempts) + P(2 responses in the first (n-1) attempts & nth animal responds).

P_n = P_(n-1) + (n-1 * (n-2) * (1/5)^2 * (4/5)^(n-3) /2 Since P_3 is known, P_8 can be calculated (maybe using a spreadsheet).

If you mean exactly 8 animals are used, It gets easier because only the last expression in P_n is needed. This kind of problem is best understood with a state transition diagram.

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Italian explorer, John Cabot, is famed for discovering Newfoundland and was instrumental in the development of the transatlantic trade between England and the Americas.

He left a lasting legacy by thoroughly exploring North America, "discovering" Newfoundland and Cape Briton, and creating a connection between Italy and the Americas that has lasted more than 500 years. Cabot's efforts to sail to uncharted waters and return with commodities received encouragement from England, which hoped to profit from whatever trade Cabot may establish with the New World. John Cabot, who had the idea before Christopher Columbus, believed that it may be possible to sail west to Asia. Then, to seem more English, he made the decision to change his name to John Cabot.

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Adaptations like  its horns, jumping ability, its hooves, and its teeth, help goats. They have cloven hooves with two toes that spread wide to improve balance with Rough pads on the bottom of each toe provide the grip of a natural climbing shoe.

A type of goat is the mountain goat. They go by the name "Rocky Mountain goat." They are North American citizens.

They belong to the Oreamnos genus. They prefer to reside at high altitudes.

Mountain goats like to relax on rocky outcrops and are excellent climbers. They do this to protect themselves from predators.

The mountain goat is solitary and only encounters other mountain goats to breed. It consumes lichens, leaves, and grasses.

They are protected from the windy winds and severe weather that frequently occur in their alpine habitat by their thick undercoat and long white coats.

Both sexes have short, powerful legs with big, black hooves at the end. To protect her young, the female utilizes her horns.

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A food web can be useful tool for understanding the potential impacts invasive species have on the native species when they are introduced into ecosystem.

An ecological community's what-eats-what is depicted graphically in a food web, which is the result of the natural connections between food chains. A different term for the food web is the consumer-resource system. The two trophic levels are used by ecologists to broadly group all living things. Energy is required for these chemical reactions, which is primarily obtained from the Sun and photosynthesis. A very small amount is also obtained from bioelectrogenesis in wetlands and mineral electron donors in hydrothermal vents and hot springs. These trophic levels aren't binary; instead, they form a gradient that includes complete autotrophs, which get all of their carbon from the atmosphere, mixotrophs, which are autotrophic organisms that get some of their organic material from places other than atmosphere, and complete heterotrophs, which have to consume the other organisms to get organic material.

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Los Angeles has developed a major problem with pollution because of increases carbon monoxide.

The constant vehicular traffic on the highways, ports and skies of LA and Long Beach all contributes to the destruction of the ozone layer and the accumulation of smog. The Los Angeles area also has more than enough refineries and industrial plants that contribute to air pollution.

Improperly disposed of hazardous household wastes such as thinner and antifreeze can migrate from landfills and contaminate water sources. Pesticides sprayed on crops can be carried into lakes and streams after heavy rains. Some water pollutants pose serious health problems.

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In model of the early stages of the formation of the solar system in which it changes from a spinning nebula to a spinning, flattened disc and it changes the orbital paths of the planets which are all in the same planet as the sun.

The formations of solar system model is called an orrery that means a mechanical model of the Solar System that predicts that the relative positions and motions of the planets and moons usually according to the heliocentric model.

Solar nebula flattened into a disk because this flattening is a natural consequence of collisions between particles in a spinning cloud.

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Earthquake sometime causes Tsunamis. So the answer is option A.

When an earthquake occurs in ocean, it displaces a large amount of water as powerful waves, when they reach the coastal regions to form Tsunamis. Tsunamis are massive waves formed by displacement of a large amount of water.

It usually takes place in larger water bodies like oceans and seas. Various factors could contribute to the formation of Tsunamis like Earthquake, Volcanic eruptions, other underwater disturbances etc. It comes as a series of large waves and causes considerable destruction. Some waves can even reach up to a height of 100 its. It is also called as seismic wave or tidal wave.

So the answer to the question is the massive wall of water caused by earthquake are called Tsunamis

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