The Lewis structure shows the ways that electrons are bonded in a compound.
What is a Lewis structure?We define the Lewis structure as the diagram that shows the number of electrons and the bonds that are found in a compound. We know that electron pairs of the bond are shared between the bonding atoms and this is shown as a single dash.
The procedure for writing the Lewis structure are;
Draw the skeletal structure of the compound.
Draw a single bond between the central atom and each of the surrounding atoms.
Count the total number of valence electrons
Complete the octets of the atoms bonded to the central atom.
If the central atom has fewer than 8 electrons add double/triple bonds to the central atom, using lone pairs on outer atoms to complete the octet.
If negative charges are present, add them to the total. If positive charges are present, subtract them.
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The volume of a sample of hydrogen gas was decreased from 10.84 L to 4.13 L at constant temperature. If the final pressure exerted by the hydrogen gas sample was 9.67 atm, what pressure did the hydrogen gas exert before its volume was decreased?
The pressure of hydrogen gas exert before its volume was decreased is equal to 3.68 atm.
What is Boyle's law?Boyle’s law states that the pressure exerted by a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by it when the temperature of the gas remains constant.
The pressure (P) and volume (V) have an inverse relationship to each other as long as the temperature is kept constant.
P ∝ 1/V
or
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ ................(1)
Given, the final pressure of the hydrogen gas, P₂ = 9.67 atm
The initial volume of the hydrogen gas, V₁ = 10.84 L
The final volume of the hydrogen gas, V₂ = 4.13 L
Substitute volume and pressure in equation (1) to get the initial pressure:
P₁ × (10.84 L) = (9.67 atm) × 4.13
P₁ = 3.68 atm
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what volumne in liters of a 0.320 M Mg(NO3)2 solution contains 45.0g of Mg(NO3)2
The volume in liters of a 0.320M Mg(NO₃)₂ solution that contains 45.0g is 0.95L.
How to calculate volume?Molarity is the concentration of a substance in solution, expressed as the number moles of solute per litre of solution.
Molarity can be calculated by dividing the number of moles of the substance by its volume as follows;
Molarity = no. of moles ÷ volume
no. of moles = 45.0g ÷ 148.3 g/mol
no of moles = 0.303mol
Volume = 0.303mol ÷ 0.320M
Volume = 0.95L
Therefore, 0.95L is the volume of the magnesium nitrate solution.
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what is the electronic transferred number of manganese in acidic medium
2
3
5
7
The electronically transferred number of manganese in an acidic medium is +7.
The oxidation number of the elements involved corresponds to the charge. An ionic bond is formed between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between the atoms. Based on the definition of an acidic medium under acidic conditions.
Amino acids act as bases accepting protons from the amino group and producing a positive charge whereas, under alkaline conditions, amino acids act as acids, donating protons from their carboxyl groups and producing a negative charge. charging. It has a half-filled 3D subshell. Half-filled subshells are more stable than partially-filled subshells. The first energy level has 2 electrons and the second level has 8 electrons.
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A Blank______ produces new matter with new and different properties. Multiple choice question. A) physical change B) chemical property C) chemical change D) physical property
A change in _____ means that a chemical reaction has occurred. Responses A the energy and massthe energy and mass B the kinds of atoms involvedthe kinds of atoms involved C the properties and identity of the reacting substancesthe properties and identity of the reacting substances D the energy and kinds of atoms of the reacting substances
To solve such this we must know the concept of chemical reaction. Therefore the correct option is option C that is the properties and identity of the reacting substances.
What is chemical reaction?Chemical reaction is a process in which two or more than two molecules collide in right orientation and energy to form a new chemical compound. The mass of the overall reaction should be conserved. There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like combination reaction, double displacement reaction.
A change in the properties and identity of the reacting substances means that a chemical reaction has occurred.
Therefore the correct option is option C.
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Juno, Melissa, and Anna have skateboards that are the same mass. They were playing with their skateboards on a flat street when another skateboard came along and bumped their skateboards, but not from the same direction. Each skateboard changed speed as a result of being bumped. Use the information in the diagram to answer. Which skateboard(s) experienced the strongest force when bumped? How do you know?
Answer:The green skateboard experienced the strongest force because it changed speed the most.
Explanation:
15. Calcium carbonate is a white mineral. A chemist heats calcium carbonate, CaCO₃, to produce carbon dioxide, CO₂, and a white powder, CaO. The following chemical equation shows the reaction
CaCO₃ -----> CO + CaO
Compare the properties of the products and reactants in this reaction.
Identify whether the equation shows the conservation of matter.
Explain how the equation shows or does not show the conservation of matter.
1. The reactant is a white chalky solid salt while the one the product is an acidic gas while the other is a white crystalline basic solid.
2. Yes, the equation shows the conservation of matter.
3. The equation shows the conservation of matter because the mass of the reactant is equal to the mass of the products. Also, the number of moles of the elements involved in the reaction is conserved.
What is the law of conservation of matter?The law of the conservation of matter states that matter is neither created nor destroyed but can change from one form to another.
The law of conservation of matter is applied in chemical reactions.
For example, consider the reaction of the decomposition of calcium carbonate:
CaCO₃ (s) ----> CaO (s) + CO₂ (g)
From the equation of the reaction;
1 mole of Ca atoms are present on the reactant and product side of the reaction.
1 mole of C atoms are present on the reactant and product side of the reaction.
3 moles of O atoms are present on the reactant and product side of the reaction.
Hence, the sum of the moles of reactants is equal to the sum of moles of products.
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The most common isotope of uranium has an atomic number of 92 and mass number of 238. If a uranium atom alpha decays and emits a helium nucleus, what will the atomic number of the daughter nucleus be?.
In alpha decay, a helium nucleus is ejected from the nucleus. This removes 2 protons and 2 neutrons from the mother nucleus, thus reducing the mass number by 4 and the atomic number by 2. The daughter isotope is thorium 234, atomic number 90.
When the nucleus emits beta particles it loses electrons. The atomic mass of the mother nucleus is the same as that of the daughter nucleus since the mass of electrons is very small compared to the mass of protons and neutrons. The atomic number of the daughter nucleus is one higher than that of the mother nucleus.
In a nuclear decay reaction also called radioactive decay an unstable nucleus emits radiation and transforms into the nucleus of one or more other elements. The resulting daughter nucleus has lower mass and energy than the decaying parent nucleus. The atomic number and mass number of the daughter nucleus must be calculated by subtracting the atomic number and mass number.
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What happens to the particles when energy is added from a battery
Answer:
When the electrons move from the cathode to the anode, they increase the chemical potential energy, charging the battery when they move the other direction, they convert this chemical potential energy to electricity in the circuit and discharge the battery.
Explanation:
Milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2, is prepared from magnesium sulfate and
sodium hydroxide. If a solution containing 100.0 g of MgSO4 is added to a
solution with 70.0g of NaOH, what is the limiting reactant? Calculate the
theoretical mass of milk of magnesia produced.
MgSO4 (aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) →Mg(OH)2 (s) + Na2SO4(aq)
From the equation, MgSO₄ is the limiting reagent and the mass of Magnesium Hydroxide produced is 48.3g.
It is given that the mass of MgSO₄ is 100g and the mass of Sodium Hydroxide is 70g. Then the number of moles of Magnesium Sulfate and Sodium Hydroxide is given by,
Moles of MgSO₄ = 100/120
Moles of MgSO₄ = 0.833 mol
Moles of NaOH = 70/40
Moles of NaOH = 1.75 mol
It is given that 1 mol MgSO₄ needs 2 mol of NaOH, then 0.833mol of MgSO₄ needs 2x0.833 mol of NaOH which is given by 1.67mol. This is less than 1.75 mol of NaOH.
Thus, MgSO₄ is the limiting reagent. To find the mass of Magnesium Hydroxide the following steps are to be taken,
1mol of MgSO₄ forms 1mol of Magnesium Hydroxide
Then 0.833mol of MgSO₄ forms 0.833mol of Magnesium Hydroxide
Therefore, the mass of Magnesium Hydroxide is the product of moles and molar mass which is given by,
Mass of Magnesium Hydroxide = 0.833x58
Mass of Magnesium Hydroxide = 48.3g
Therefore the mass of Magnesium Hydroxide is 48.3g
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A patient order requires 1.6 L of a 0.5 % benzalkonium chloride antiseptic. You have a 13 % stock solution. How much stock solution will you need to prepare the order?
The amount of stock solution that would be needed to prepare the required solution would be 0.06 L.
DilutionThe problem can be solved using the dilution principle. According to this principle, before and after diluting a particular solution, the number of moles of solutes in the solution must remain the same.
The dilution principle is expressed as an equation as shown below:
[tex]m_1v_1[/tex] = [tex]m_2v_2[/tex]
Where:
[tex]m_1[/tex] = molarity before dilution (in this case, 13%)
[tex]v_1[/tex] = volume before dilution (what we want to determine)
[tex]m_2[/tex] = molarity after dilution (in this case, 0.5%)
[tex]v_2[/tex] = volume after dilution ( in this case, 1.6 L)
Using the provided information, the volume of the stock solution to be taken can be calculated as follows:
[tex]v_1[/tex] = [tex]m_2v_2[/tex]/[tex]m_1[/tex]
= 0.5 x 1.6/13
= 0.06 L
In other words, 0.06 L of the stock solution would be required. This volume will be diluted to the 1.6 L mark with water in order to have the desired solution.
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2) What mass of iron starting at 100.0 oC must be added to 50.0 g of water at 25.0 oC to increase the water’s temperature to 65.0 oC? Iron’s specific heat capacity is 0.450 J/(g oC).
Taking into account the definition of calorimetry, the mass of iron that must be added is 531.556 grams.
CalorimetryCalorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
When heat added or removed from a substance causes a temperature change in it without affecting its molecular structure, it is called sensible heat.
So, the equation that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:
Q = c× m× ΔT
where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation.
Mass of ironIn this case, you know:
For iron:Mass of iron= ?Initial temperature of iron= 100 °CFinal temperature of iron= 65 ºCSpecific heat of iron = 0.450 J/(g°C)For water:Mass of water = 50 gInitial temperature of water= 25 ºCFinal temperature of water= 65 ºCSpecific heat of water = 4.186 J/(g°C)Replacing in the expression to calculate heat exchanges:
For iron: Qiron= 0.450 J/(g°C) × mass of iron× (65 °C - 100 °C)
For water: Qwater= 4.186 J/(g°C) × 50 g× (65 °C - 25 °C)
If two isolated bodies or systems exchange energy in the form of heat, the quantity received by one of them is equal to the quantity transferred by the other body. That is, the total energy exchanged remains constant, it is conserved.
Then, the heat that the gold gives up will be equal to the heat that the water receives. Therefore:
- Qiron = + Qwater
- 0.450 J/(g°C) × mass of iron× (65 °C - 100 °C)= 4.186 J/(g°C) × 50 g× (65 °C - 25 °C)
Solving:
15.75 J/g × mass of iron= 8372 J
mass of iron= 8372 J÷ 15.75 J/g
mass of iron= 531.556 grams
Finally, the mass of iron necessary is 531.556 grams.
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A vessel contains 2.00 mol of He, 4.50 mol of Kr, and 0.50 mol of N2 gases. If the partial pressure of He is 0.120 atm, what is the total pressure inside the vessel?
Considering the Dalton's partial pressure, the total pressure inside the vessel is 0.42 atm.
Dalton's partial pressureDalton's law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone:
[tex]P_{T}[/tex]= P₁ + P₂ + ... + Pₙ
where n is the amount of gases present in the mixture.
This relationship is due to the assumption that there are no attractive forces between the gases.
Dalton's partial pressure law can also be expressed in terms of the mole fraction of the gas in the mixture. So in a mixture of two or more gases, the partial pressure of gas A can be expressed as:
[tex]P_{A}[/tex]=[tex]x_{A}[/tex][tex]P_{T}[/tex]
Total pressure inside the vesselIn this case, you know:
Amount of moles of He= 2 molesAmount of moles of Kr= 4.50 molesAmount of moles of N₂= 0.50 molesTotal amount of moles= Amount of moles of He + Amount of moles of Kr + Amount of moles of N₂= 2 moles + 4.50 moles + 0.50 moles= 7 molesPartial pressure of He= 0.120 atmThe partial pressure of gas He can be expressed as:
[tex]P_{He}[/tex]=[tex]x_{He}[/tex][tex]P_{T}[/tex]
Then, calculate the mole fraction of He as:
[tex]x_{He}[/tex]= Amount of moles of He÷ Total amount of moles
[tex]x_{He}[/tex]= 2 moles÷ 7 moles
[tex]x_{He}[/tex]= 2/7
the total pressure can be calculated as:
0.120 atm= 2/7×[tex]P_{T}[/tex]
0.120 atm÷ 2/7=[tex]P_{T}[/tex]
0.42 atm= [tex]P_{T}[/tex]
Finally, the total pressure is 0.42 atm.
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How many grams of solute are present in 835 mL of 0.390 M KBr?
The grams solutes ini 835 mL of 0.390 M KBr is 38.75 g.
The grams can be calculated as follows:
The first you should calculate the molar
Times the molar of KBr by its valume to get moles
n = Molar x volume
n = 0.390 M x 0.835L
n = 0.32565 moles
thus, you should calculate molar mass so you can calculate the gram
Mass of potasium = 39.10 g/mol
Mass of Bromine = 79.904 g/mol
mass molar = 39.1 g/mol+79.9 g/mol = 119 g/mol
The next step is calculate the gram by time the moles to its mass molar
gram = n x mass molar
gram = 0.32565 moles x 119 g/mol= 38.75 g.
so, The grams solutes ini 835 mL of 0.390 M KBr is 38.75 g.
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analyzes the vibrations of different parts of a molecule when that molecule is exposed to ir light.
The vibrations of different parts of a molecule when that molecule is exposed to IR light are:
WaggingTwistingRockingScissoring.When a molecule is exposed to IR radiation, it will take in the rays that have the same frequency as one of its bonds vibrating. The bond can vibrate a little bit more thanks to the absorbed IR radiation, increasing the vibration's amplitude, but the vibration's frequency won't change.
What transpires to a molecule when it is in contact with infrared light?When a molecule is exposed to infrared light of these frequencies, the molecule absorbs energy and is excited. When the molecule eventually returns to its initial (ground) state, the absorbed energy is released as heat.
Interatomic chemical connections in molecules have the ability to extend like springs. As a result, molecules absorb infrared light and vibrate because the energy associated with these stretching vibrations is similar to that of infrared light.
Therefore, the fact that molecules absorb particular frequencies that are distinctive to their structure is taken advantage of in infrared spectroscopy. These absorptions have resonance frequencies, meaning that the frequency of the radiation absorbed coincides with the frequency of the vibrating bond or group.
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How many moles are there in 100 grams of NaOH?
Answer: 40 g/mol
Explanation:
A sample of liquid water is heated on a hot stove.
What property of the water changes along with the increase in temperature?
How many moles of Al are
necessary to form 78.4 g of AlBr3
from this reaction: 2 Al(s) + 3 Br₂ (1)
→ 2 AlBr3?
0.085 moles of Al are required to form 23.6 g of AlBr₃.
Solution:
2 Al(s) + 3 Br₂ (1) → 2 AlBr3?
23.6 x [tex]\frac{1mol}{266.69g} = 0.885mol[/tex]
The molar ratio of Al to AlBr 3 is as follows. is 2:2. The amount required to form 0.0885 moles of AlBr 3 is 0.0885 moles. The molar Al required is:
[tex]0.885molAlbr_{3} * \frac{2ol Al}{2molAlbr_{3}} = 0.085molAl[/tex]
0.085 moles of Al are required to form 23.6 g of AlBr₃.
Aluminum bromide is formed by a redox reaction in which aluminum is reduced and bromine is oxidized. The product of this reaction is the neutrally charged ion AlBr3. Aluminum chloride is a neutral ionic compound consisting of aluminum ions and chloride ions. The total charge of aluminum chloride is zero. Aluminum chloride is covalent because the aluminum ion has a high charge density and the chloride ion is relatively polarizable.
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What is the correct equation in word form
Mg + AgNO3 ---> MgCI2 + Ag
Magnesium plus silver nitrate yields magnesium chloride and silver
Magnesium reacts with silver nitrate forming manganese chloride and silver
Manganese plus gold nitrate yields manganese chloride and gold
Magnesium reacts with silver nitride to form magnesium chloride and silver
Answer: C
Explanation:
. Na₂O + H₂O →
H₂O
→ NaOH translate the formulaic equations to word equation
lithium phosphate is mixed with calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution. Assume a double displacement reaction
[tex]2Li_3PO_4+3Co(OH)_2 = Ca_3(PO_4)_2_(5)+6LOH[/tex] is a double displacement balanced equation reaction
To balance chemical equations, stoichiometric coefficients for the reactants and products are required. This is important because a chemical equation must follow the rules of conservation of mass and constant proportions, which dictate that the same number of atoms of each element must be avail on two of the reactant and product sides of the equation.
Chemical equations use the relevant chemical formulae to symbolically express the reactants and products of a chemical process. To the left of the sign "," and to the right of the arrow symbol, respectively, is the part of the chemical equation that is on the reactant side.
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Use the van der Waals equation of state to calculate the pressure of 2.10 mol of Cl2 at 493 K in a 4.60 L vessel. Use this list of van der Waals constants.
=
Use the ideal gas equation to calculate the pressure under the same conditions.
=
atm
This refers to an equation that shows the relationship between, temperature, volume, pressure, and amount of real gases. For real gases having a number of moles.
{P + [tex]\frac{an^{2} }{v}[/tex]} *{v-nb} = nRT
From the question,Pressure,P
Vander Waals costants a and b
For Chlorine;
a= 6.579
b= 0.05622
Volume ,v = 4.60 L
Universal gas constant, R= 8.314
Absolute temperature, T= 493 K
Calculating Pressure using van der Waals constants:{P + [tex]\frac{an^{2} }{v}[/tex]} *{v-nb} = nRT
P =[tex]\frac{nRT }{V-nb}[/tex] - [tex]\frac{an^{2} }{V^{2} }[/tex]
P =[tex]\frac{ (2.10*8.314*493) }{4.60-2.10*0.05622}[/tex] - [tex]\frac{6.579 *2.10^{2} }{4.60^{2} }[/tex]
P = 18.72 - 1.37
P = 17.35atm
Calculating Pressure using ideal gas equation:P = [tex]\frac{ nRT}{v}[/tex]
P =[tex]\frac{2.10*8.314 *493 *4.60}{4.60}[/tex]
= 1,871.2 atm
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how does a calcium atom become a calcium ion with a +2 charge? Why is your answer correct?
Ions can be made by single element or covalently bonded group of elements. The covalently bonded group of elements is called polyatomic ions or polyatomic atoms. Therefore, by loosing 2 electron calcium become Ca²⁺ ion.
What is Ions?Any species that contain charge whether it is positive charge or negative charge is called ions. The example of polyatomic ions are sulfate, phosphate, nitrate etc. Therefore, by loosing 2 electron calcium become Ca²⁺ ion.
Cation is the species that loose electron and attain positive charge while anion is a species which gain electron and attains negative charge so when anion and cation combine in fixed ration the the overall charge of the molecule is zero that is molecule is neutral, the charge over cation and anion is also called oxidation state.
Electronic configuration of calcium is [Ar] 4s². So to make it Ca²⁺ ion, we need to remove two electron from 4s² by providing suitable ionization energy.
Therefore, by loosing 2 electron calcium become Ca²⁺ ion.
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When a solution of 0.10 M of AgNO3 is added to 50.0 ml of a CaCl2 solution of unknown concentration, 2.073 g of AgCl precipitates. Assuming 100% yield, what is was the concentration of the CaCl2 solution
Answer:
Explanation:
Equation for the reaction ;
AgNO3 + HCl → AgCl + HNO3
Since AgNO3 is taken in excess, the limiting reactant/agent here is HCl.
Concentration (molarity) of HCl = 0.110 M
Amount of HCl in 1 litre (1000 mL) solution = 0.110 mol
Amount of HCl in 50 mL = (0.110 x 50)/1000 = 0.0055 mol
As per the reaction equation, the consumption of HCl and the formation of AgCl are in the molar ratio 1 : 1.
Moles of AgCl formed = moles of HCl used = 0.0055
Molar mass of AgCl = 107.8 + 35.5 = 143.3 g/mol
35.00 mL sample of an acetic acid solution requires 18.75 mL of 0.0500 M Sr(OH)2 for its
neutralization. What is the concentration of acetic acid in the initial solution?
The concentration of acetic acid in the initial solution is 0.267M
Concentration is a measure of the amount of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution
Here given data is
Acetic acid = 35.00 mL
8.75 mL of 0.0500 M Sr(OH)₂ for its neutralization
We have to calculate concentration of acetic acid in the initial solution = ?
So the reaction is
CH₃CO₂H + NaOH → CH₃CO₂Na + H₂O
That means the moles of NaOH added = moles acetic acid in the solution
So, to solve this problem we need to find the moles of NaOH added to find the mole of acetic acid and its concentration using its volume as follow
Moles of NaOH
18.75 mL = 0.01875 ×(0.0500mol/L) = 0.009375 mole of NaOH = mole of acetic acid
So the molarity of acetic acid = 0.009375 mole /0.035L = 0.267M
So the concentration of acetic acid in the initial solution is 0.267M
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Why would this path of neurons not work to perform a reflex?
Select all that apply.
the motor neuron should be the interneuron
the motor neuron should be the sensory neuron
the sensory neuron should be the interneuron
the interneuron should be the motor neuron
The motor neuron should be the interneuron and the motor neuron should be the interneuron
What does a neuron primarily serve?A specialized cell created to send information to certain other nerve cells, muscle cells, or gland cells, the neuron is the basic functional unit of the brain. Within the neurological system, neurons are cells that communicate with other nerve, muscle, and gland cells.
How is a neuron constructed?One axon, dendrites, and the cell body (soma) make up a normal neuron. Axons & dendrites are filaments that protrude from the soma, which is a tightly packed structure. A few hundred micrometers from of the soma, dendrites often branch out widely.
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How would the amount of calcium in 100.g of calcium carbonate compare to the amount
of calcium in 100.0g calcium chloride?
Answer:
The above equation follows law of conservation of mass.
Explanation:
Law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor be destroyed but it can only be transformed from one form to another form.
This also means that total mass on the reactant side must be equal to the total mass on the product side.
The chemical equation for the decomposition of calcium carbonate follows:
CaCO_3\rightarrow CaO+CO_2CaCO3→CaO+CO2
We are given:
Mass of calcium carbonate = 100 grams
Mass of calcium oxide = 56 grams
Mass of carbon dioxide = 44 grams
Total mass on reactant side = 100
Total mass on product side = 56 + 44 = 100 g
Hence, the above equation follows law of conservation of mass.
How does heat travel through metals
A compound is found to contain 34.60 % chlorine, 46.85 % oxygen, and 18.55 % fluorine by mass.
What is the empirical formula for this compound?
To answer the question, enter the elements in the order presented above.
Answer: Cl O3 F
Explanation:
If a system of ice and water has a mass of 12 grams, and it is converted completely to water at 0.0 C by supplying 1.33 kJ of heat, how much water was initially present?
Heat of fusion of ice = 333 J/g Heat of vaporization of water = 2250 J/g
PLEASE HELP...I asked this question an hour or so ago and I got a plagiarized and likely incorrect answer from another website given...
I have NO idea what to do here.
The mass of water initially present in the system containing water and ice is 8 grams
How do I determine the mass of water?We'll begin by obtaing the mass needed to melt the ice. This is shown below:
Heat (Q) = 1.33 KJ = 1.33 × 1000 = 1330 JHeat of fusion (Hf) = 333 J/gMass of ice (m) =?Q = m × Hf
1330 = m × 333
Divide both sides by 333
m = 1330 / 333
m = 4 g
Finally, we shall determine the mass of water. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of ice and water = 12 gramsMass of ice = 4 gramsMass of water =?Mass of water = (Mass of ice and water) - (Mass of ice)
Mass of water = 12 - 4
Mass of water = 8 grams
Thus, the mass of water is 8 grams
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