The human body contains as many as 1 trillion neurons. A neuron, also known as a nerve cell, is the fundamental unit of the nervous system.
How many neurons are in the human body?Azevedo and others found that the average adult male brain weighs 1.5 kg and has 86 billion neurons and 85 billion semi cells, which are only 7 and 24% less than expected.
Is there more than one cell body in a neuron?Parts that make up a neuron. Like other cells, each has a soma, or cell body, that contains the nucleus, smooth and rough reticulum, Golgi, mitochondria, and other cellular components.
How many neurons are produced each day?During adulthood, your hippocampus actually produces approximately 1400 neurons per day of new brain cells. This was first noticed by scientists in the 1960s, but the idea that the adult brain could make new neurons (called neurogenesis) wasn't widely accepted until the 1990s and remained contentious for decades.
Incomplete question :
The human body contains as many as 1 ___ neurons.
a) million
b) billion
c) hundred thousand
d) trillion
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what is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organism
Answer:The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the cell.
Explanation:
The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the cell.
how many different kinds of nucleotides are in dna
Adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) are the four nucleotides that make up DNA.
What different types or nucleotides are there in DNA, and how many of each?Adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), & cytosine are the four different types of nucleotides that make up DNA, and they are distinguished from one another even by type of base that is present (C).Chemical bonds connect bases on one of DNA's two chains to bases on the second chain.
How many distinct DNA types exist?There are 24 different types that DNA molecules in the human genome.Chromosomes are the physical units used to package human DNA.As diploid animals with two genetic information sets—one inherited from their mothers and another from the father—humans have two sets basic genetic material.
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What causes different substances to have different properties?.
It was thought at the time that these particles could not be effectively divided, but we now know that atoms are made up of even smaller particles, known as subatomic particles which are responsible for different properties of different substances.
Substances are made up of a specific group of elements (each with their own unique atoms) in specific ratios and thus have characteristics that are unique to the specific substance.
Atoms are simply defined as the smallest unit of matter, despite the discovery of subatomic units such as protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Elements' atoms have distinct properties that are specific to the element in question.
Substances are made up of a specific group of elements in specific ratios and thus have characteristics that are unique to the specific substance.
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Which trait in mouse color is dominant agouti or black?
What is the purpose of emission filter in the fluorescence microscope?
The purpose of the emission filter in a fluorescence microscope is to selectively pass light of a specific wavelength or range of wavelengths that correspond to the fluorescence emitted by the specimen, while blocking other wavelengths of light.
In fluorescence microscopy, the specimen is excited by light of a specific wavelength, which causes certain molecules within the specimen to emit light, or fluoresce, at a different wavelength. This fluorescence is then detected by the microscope. In order to effectively visualize the fluorescence and obtain high-contrast images, it is necessary to use filters that are specifically designed to pass light of the same wavelength as the fluorescence emitted by the specimen, while blocking other wavelengths of light that may be present in the microscope.
The emission filter is typically placed in the light path after the fluorescence has been emitted by the specimen, but before it reaches the objective lens and the eye or camera. This allows the filter to selectively pass only the light of the desired wavelength and block other wavelengths, which improves the contrast and sensitivity of the images.
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What is the importance of cancer in the study of cell biology?.
Answer:
Research in cancer cell biology seeks to define the biological basis underlying the differences between normal cells and cancerous cells. This includes studies of the fundamental mechanisms that drive pre-cancer states, oncogenic transformation, and that support tumor growth and behavior.
The tympanic membrane and hypothalamus share the same blood supply so this is supposed to directly reflect core temperature. Temporal artery thermometers scans the forehead to the ear lobe, it measures the temporal artery in the forehead. This is the most accurate alternative to rectal temperature for a child.
A tympanic thermometer monitors the temperature of the eardrum, while a temporal thermometer measures the temperature of the temporal artery in the forehead.
Tympanic membrane thermometers are quick, secure, and simple to use. They can read temperatures in a matter of seconds. Since the hypothalamus and tympanic membrane both receive blood from the same blood vessel, this is considered to accurately reflect body temperature. A temporal artery thermometer measures the temporal artery in the forehead by scanning it from the brow to the ear lobe. For a child, this is the most accurate substitute for rectal temperature. It is true because the tympanic membrane receives blood flow from the same artery as the hypothalamus. Rectal temperatures are most precise. Next most precise are forehead temperatures.
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Classify each of the statements or conditions with the appropriate organ disorder.
ADRENAL DISORDER
The statements or conditions associated with the appropriate organ disorder are Adrenal Disorder for option B and F, Pituitary Disorder for option A, C, and D and Thyroid Disorder for E, G, and H.
Organ disorder or dysfunction refers to a condition where an organ does not perform its function as expected. It can result in organ failure when organ dysfunction to such a degree that normal homeostasis cannot be maintained without external clinical intervention.
Adrenal disorder, also called Addison's disease, refers to illness that happens when the body doesn't make enough of certain hormones. It is associated with Cushing syndrome and disrupts metabolism and results in hyperglycemia, hypertension, and edema.
Pituitary disorder refers to a condition when the pituitary gland fails to produce one or more hormones or doesn't produce enough hormones. It causes thickening of bones and soft tissues, acromegaly, and GH related dwarfism.
Thyroid disorder refers to a medical condition that prevents the thyroid from making the right amounts of hormones. It is caused by a deficiency of dietary iodine and endemic goiter. The severe form of the disorder is called myxedema.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Classify each of the statements or conditions with the appropriate organ disorder. The organ disorders are Adrenal Disorder, Pituitary Disorder, and Thyroid Disorder. The given statements are A) Thickening of bones and soft tissues B) Cushing syndrome C) Acromegaly D) GH related dwarfism E) Results from a deficiency of dietary iodine F) Disrupts metabolism and results in hyperglycemia, hypertension, and edema G) Myxedema H) Endemic goiter.
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What is the null hypothesis for Mendelian genetics?.
According to Mendel's theory of partial inheritance. According to his prediction, inherited phenotypes don't change from generation to generation.
Instead, he proposed that separate "particles" be passed down to the progeny. A dominant phenotype will manifest if one of these particles is present.
The first law of inheritance is known as the "Principles of Paired Factors," and the second law is known as the "Law of Dominance." The other two laws of inheritance are known as the "Law of Segregation" or "Law of Purity of Gametes" and the "Law of Independent Assortment," respectively.
Mendel's five-part theory, based on his law of heredity and the study of genetics and the transmission of chromosomes from one generation to the next, provides scientific explanations for a number of issues. Two alleles make up one gene, according to the law of inheritance.
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what part of the inner ear is involved in hearing?
The cochlea, part of the inner ear is involved in hearing.
What is cochlea?
The cochlea is the name of the hearing-related inner ear organ. In the human bone labyrinth, it is a spiral-shaped chamber that circles 2.75 times around the modiolus. One of the most important components of the cochlea is the Organ of Corti, or sensory organ of hearing, which is situated along the wall dividing the fluid chambers in the cochlea's coiled, tapering tube.
The cochlea, a hollow spiral-shaped bone found in the inner ear, is crucial to hearing and participates in auditory transduction. The brain transforms sound waves into distinct sound frequencies using electrical impulses.
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why is the baltic sea susceptible to invasive species?
The Baltic Sea has low salinity and a large number of connected waterways, making it easy for invasive species to enter and spread.
What are some of the most commonly found invasive species in the Baltic Sea?The Baltic Sea is home to a wide variety of invasive species. Some of the most common ones are the round goby, the zebra mussel, the Chinese mitten crab, and the spiny water flea.
The round goby is a small fish native to the Black and Caspian Sea regions. It is a voracious predator and can compete with native fish for food, causing declines in native fish populations.
The zebra mussel is a small mollusk native to the Caspian Sea that was introduced to the Baltic Sea in the late 1980s.
This species is a prolific filter feeder, which can cause water clarity to increase, leading to the dominance of certain algae species.
The Chinese mitten crab is another voracious predator, which competes with native species and can damage native eelgrass beds.
Lastly, the spiny water flea is a tiny zooplankton native to the Caspian Sea that was introduced to the Baltic Sea in the late 1980s.
This species is a voracious predator of native zooplankton, which can cause declines in native zooplankton populations.
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Is light used for photosynthesis is the light we see reflected from leaves?.
The light that we see reflected from leaves is actually a different type of light than the light used in photosynthesis.
The light used in photosynthesis is invisible to the human eye, and is made up of different wavelengths of light including ultraviolet, infrared, and visible light.
The light that is reflected from leaves is a combination of all these wavelengths, and is the light that we see when we look at a leaf. By understanding the role of light in photosynthesis, we can better understand the importance of plants in our environment.
Photosynthesis is a process in which plants use light to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose. The light used in photosynthesis is different than the light that we see reflected from the leaves of plants.
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Why is Claire huffing ether?.
Claire Fraser develops an ether addiction while self-medicating for her PTSD-induced insomnia and nightmares in the sixth season of the television adaptation of Outlander.
Claire Frаser is a strong female character in the romаntic fantasy Outlаnder. Clаire has traveled the world with her hаndsome Highlаnder husbаnd since mysteriously pаssing through а circle of stones and lаnding up in 18th century Scotlаnd.
When she awakens, she is ecstatic because she has successfully created ether, a type of anaesthetic drug. Claire intended to use her newly created ether on her patients during surgery, but because she was still traumatized from her encounter with Lionel Brown's gang, she ended up huffing the ether herself.
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Place the following steps for creating recombinant DNA into the correct order.
Instructions
ext Question
Desired DNA fragments are isolated.
Genomic DNA is broken up using restriction enzymes..
The fragment is inserted into a plasmid (a vector) using DNA ligase.
A plasmid is cleaved using restriction enzymes.
The plasmid with the desired fragment is inserted into a host cell so that many copies can be matte.
The following steps make up the recombination DNA technology process DNA extraction from genetic material DNA is cut in precise places. connecting DNA fragments. DNA insertion within the host cell. choosing and testing transformed cells.
What comes last in creating a plasmid with recombinant DNA?DNA amplification is the final step. Through a procedure known as plasmid or vector transformation, the resultant rDNA is put into a bacterial cell. The plasmid dna will subsequently be replicated via in vivo procedures for natural DNA replication.
Recombinant DNA: What is it?Cutting a gene from its natural place, inserting into a circular DNA fragment from either a bacterial cell, and afterwards transmitting the ring of DNA to cell of another organism are the steps involved in creating recombinant DNA molecules species.
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Which of the following statements does NOT represent a goal of the human genome project?
A. Storage of information generated in a publicly accessible database
B. Determination of the sequence of nucleotides in the human DNA
C. Determination of the genetic variants that have frequencies of at least 1%
D. Identification of all the genes in human DNA
Which would happen if we titlt the earth’s axis about 27 degrees nothing else happens what would happen
The axial tilt of the Earth truly oscillates between 22.1 and 27.5 degrees. The fluctuating obliquity angle is caused by the Earth's axis wobbling around itself.
what is earth ?
Although Earth is just the fifth biggest planet in our solar system, it is the only one having liquid water on its surface. Earth is the largest of the four planets nearest to the Sun, just slightly larger than neighbouring Venus. They are all formed of rock and metal.
The name Earth has been in use for at least 1,000 years. Except for Earth, all of the planets were named after Greek and Roman gods and goddesses. The term Earth, on the other hand, is a Germanic word that simply means "the ground."
The axial tilt of the Earth truly oscillates between 22.1 and 27.5 degrees. The fluctuating obliquity angle is caused by the Earth's axis wobbling around itself. This wobbling motion is known as axial precession, sometimes known as equinox precession. The gravitational force of the Sun, Moon, and other planets causes it.
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Drag each scenario to the correct location on the table.
For each scenario given, decide wether allopatric or sympatric speciation would be the likely result.
As an island splits in two and the halves drift apart, a population of local birds is divided and The construction of a road divides a rabbit population are allopatric.
Allopatric: What is it?
The term "speciation" is used to describe how new species are formed during the process of evolution.
Allopatric speciation is also known as geographic or vicariant speciation.
In a group of mice, some mice consume only fruit, while others only consume seeds, Some female African cichlids will only mate with blue-colored males,
While others will only mate with red-colored males and the sympatric. Some beetles in a community will only pair up at night,
While others will only pair up during the day are all sympatric .
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If a keystone species were removed from an ecosystem, what magnitude of a change would this cause?
Answers:
A. zero magnitude
B. negative magnitude
C. high magnitude
D. low magnitude
Answer: High Magnitude
Explanation:
To put it simply, Key stones are very important in an ecosystem. Therefore; the balance in the ecosystem is ruined and other organisms are threatened to the point of extinction. Keystone species have a disproportionate impact on their ecosystems and if they were removed, an ecosystem would changed dramatically. To put it even more clearly, keystone species hold entire ecosystems together!!
What bacteria helps in nitrification denitrification and nitrogen fixation?
Anaerobic bacteria, Nitroso Pira, Nitroso Rod shaped, and Nitro solo bus, which turn ammonia into nitrites, and Nitrobacteria, Nitro spina, and Nitro coccus, which turn nitrites poisonous to plants into nitrates, are two different types of bacteria that must mediate the nitrification process.
Denitrification explained Which two bacteria are active during denitrification?Denitrifying bacteria are microscopic organisms that transform soil nitrates into free atmospheric nitrogen. Bacillus subtilis denitrificans, Micrococcus denitrificans, as well as various Serratia, Pseudomonas, and Achromobacter taxa, are a few examples of denitrifying bacteria.
What does the bacteria that turns nitrates into nitrogen go by?denitrifying microorganisms Notes: Nitrate decreasing microbes NRB, also known as denitrifying microbes, refer to a group of tiny organisms that aid in converting nitrate or nitrites into gases that contain nitrogen. This For the environment, transition is essential.
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in step 6 of the citric acid cycle when succinate is converted to fumarate, hydrogen atoms are transferred to fad. the ____________ is catalyzed by a dehydrogenase enzyme.
Succinate is converted to fumarate in the sixth step, which involves a dehydrogenation because two protons are removed.
Because FAD is a coenzyme that is covalently bound to the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, the notation E-FAD is commonly used.
When succinate is converted to fumarate, two protons are released, which are taken up by FAD and converted into FADH2. This reaction is catalyzed by succinate dehydrogenase.
The conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinate produces the cycle's only high-energy phosphate bond. This is an example of substrate-level phosphorylation.
Succinate thiokinase converts succinyl-CoA to succinate while first generating ATP/GTP via substrate-level phosphorylation. Succinate is dehydrogenated by succinate dehydrogenase, which requires FAD and Fe-S proteins to form fumarate.
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how are plasmodesmata examples of direct contact between cells
Answer:
Plasmodesmata are numerous channels that pass between cell walls of adjacent plant cells and connect their cytoplasm; thereby, enabling materials to be transported from cell to cell, and thus throughout the plant.
organisms that make their own food by obtaining energy and nutrients from nonliving sources are called
Autotrophs are creatures that use energy through nonliving sources to supply the ecosystem's living components.
What in biology is an autotroph?The term "autotroph" refers to organisms that use whether visible light (photoautotrophs) or electricity from reducing molecules in the surroundings to build new biomass from exogenous resources (nitrous oxide and trace minerals) (chemoautotrophs).
All plants autotrophs, then?The majority of plants produce their own sustenance through photosynthetic, making them autotrophs. Some plants are parasitic and non-photosynthetic, feeding off of their hosts. The heterotroph yeast is. Because there was a lack of food for heterotrophs, the development of organisms that could produce their own sustenance from inorganic materials was promoted.
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two dogs have different parents. one dog has blue eyes, and the other dog has brown eyes. why do the dogs have different eye colors?
The dog with blue eyes has those blue eyes because the mom has blue eyes and the dad has blue eyes so that makes the eye color pure recessive blue.
And the dog with the brown eyes has 1 parent with blue eyes and one with brown eyes, and brown eyes are the dominant eye color so it has hybrid brown eyes
how many different kinds of nucleotides are in dna
DNA is made up of four different nucleotides, or bases: adenine (B), cytosine (S), guanine (G), & thymine (T) (T).
The biological term for nucleotides?A nucleotide is a part of the structural parts, or atoms, of DNA and RNA. A nucleotide is made up of a base, which can be any of the four chemicals adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine, as well as two molecules of sugar and a single phosphoric acid.
What purposes serve nucleotides?For DNA replication and RNA transcription at stages of fast cell division, nucleotides are particularly important. Additionally, nucleotides play a variety of other metabolic activities in addition to serving as the cellular power sources (ATP and GTP).
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what is a tetrad? why are they an important feature of meiosis?
Tetrаd is a pаired set of homologous chromosomes, eаch composed of two sister chromаtids. they are an important feature of meiosis because during meiosis mаde by two homologous chromosomes thаt hаve eаch аlreаdy replicаted into а pаir of sister chromаtids.
Аs cells divide, the genetic mаteriаl is condensed into whаt аre cаlled chromosomes, which аre bodies thаt cаrry DNА in the nucleus. They cаn be seen under а light microscope upon stаining the cells. Eаch chromosome consists of two sister chromаtids аs а result of the аforementioned DNА replicаtion.
In а diploid cell, eаch chromosome exists in pаirs, with one set originаting from the mother аnd one set from the fаther. These chromosomes аre cаlled homologous pаirs. Аs а cell undergoes meiosis when homologous chromosomes line up together, they form а tetrаd. Tetrаds consist of two homologous chromosomes, with а totаl of four sister chromаtids held together by а structure nаmed the chiаsmаtа.
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How the properties of elements follow a repeating pattern in the periodic table?.
The repeating pattern is called periodicity. In the mid-19th century, Russian chemist Dmitry Mendeleev noticed repeating patterns in the chemical properties of elements. Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass to form something similar to the modern periodic table.
If you arrange the elements in descending order of atomic weight, elements with similar properties will appear repeatedly. - These repeating patterns are regular. That is, they occur at regular intervals. The elements are ordered by atomic number, so elements with similar properties appear in the same column. Therefore, the properties of the elements of the periodic table repeat at regular intervals. This principle is known as the periodic law. A row in the periodic table is called a period.
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What is body mass index BMI and how is it calculated?.
The BMI calculation takes an adult's weight in kilograms and divides it by their height in meters squared.
The formula for BMI in the metric system is weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Because height is commonly measured in centimeters, divide it by 100 to get height in meters.
Body Mass Index is the full form of BMI. It is a method of measuring that divides people into four categories: obese, overweight, normal weight, and underweight. It is the ratio of your weight in kilograms to your height in meters squared (meters).
It's a good way to see if your weight is proportionate to your height. In fact, knowing your BMI can assist and your doctor in determining any health risks you may face if it is above the healthy range.
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Why does the hatchery purposely keep some embryos from developing high intelligence?
The developing high intelligence books are considered to be a waste of time, and they might also interfere with their conditioning.
What is the real meaning of intelligence?Intelligence can be defined as the ability to solve complex problems or make decisions with outcomes benefiting the actor, and has evolved in lifeforms to adapt to diverse environments for their survival and reproduction.
What are the 2 main types of intelligence?Our general intelligence which enables us to learn and recall, comprises our fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence. Fluid intelligence involves comprehension, reasoning and problem solving, while crystallized intelligence involves recalling stored knowledge and past experiences.
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True or False: Glucocorticoids are hormones that stimulate metabolism of lipids and proteins, and help regulate glucose levels in the blood.
Glucocorticoids are hormones that stimulate lipid and protein metabolism and help to regulate blood glucose levels. TRUE
Glucocorticoids (or, more colloquially, glucocorticosteroids) are a type of corticosteroid, which is a type of steroid hormone. Glucocorticoids are corticosteroids that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor , which is found in nearly every cell of a vertebrate animal. The term "glucocorticoid" is a portmanteau (glucose + cortex + steroid) derived from its role in glucose metabolism regulation, synthesis in the adrenal cortex, and steroidal structure.
Glucocorticoids are part of the immune system's feedback mechanism, which reduces certain aspects of immune function, such as inflammation. As a result, in medicine, they are used to treat diseases caused by an overactive immune system, such as allergies, asthma, autoimmune diseases, and sepsis.
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T/F A plant does not need its seed once it has leaves.
True. Once a plant gets leaves, it no longer requires its seed.Non-flowering plants, which do not generate seeds but instead produce spores, include ferns and mosses.
Another class of organisms is referred to as the Fungi, which also includes mushrooms and reproduces by spores. Not all plants sprout from seeds. Many plants, including ferns and mosses, are spore-based. Other plants produce new plants from rhizomes as well as tubers through asexual vegetative reproduction. To create new plants, we can also utilise methods like grafting or cuttings. Ferns are plants with roots, stalks, and leaves, just like blooming plants. Unlike blooming plants, however, ferns lack flowers and seeds and instead reproduce sexually by secreting microscopic spores or occasionally by vegetative means, as is the case with the walking fern.
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