the initial concentration of ab is 0.160 m , and the reaction mixture initially contains no products, what are the concentrations of a and b after 71 s ?

A saturated solution this is an indication that the solution.

A saturated solution is a solution which contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent. If there is still undissolved solid on the bottom of the flask after the student has mixed the NaCl and H2O, then this indicates that the solution is saturated, as all of the solute that can be dissolved has been dissolved.A very saturated solution is created by repeatedly adding solute to a solution up until a point when the solute manifests as a solid precipitate or crystals.

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complete question:While working in the lab, a student prepares a solution by mixing NaCl and H2O in a flask. After adding the salt and mixing, the student notices that there is some undissolved solid on the bottom of the flask. This is an indication that the solution is:

A.a saturated solution.

B.a concentrated solution.

C.an unsaturated solution.

D.a supersaturated solution.

The drop of RBCs placed in the 300 millimolar solution of CaCl2 would cause the RBCs to shrink. The answer is A) The RBCs would shrink.

This is because the solution is hypertonic, meaning it has a higher solute concentration than the RBCs. As a result, water will move out of the RBCs to try to equalize the concentration of solutes on both sides of the membrane. This will cause the RBCs to shrink in size as they lose water. The Ca2+ ions in the solution can also interact with the negatively charged phospholipid heads in the RBC membrane, causing the membrane to become more rigid and less flexible, further contributing to the shrinkage of the RBCs.

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The alcohol is converted into a good leaving group during the "activation" step by forming an O-P bond and displacing Br from P [note that this is essentially nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus].

With phosphorus tribromide (PBr3) or thionyl chloride, alcohols can be converted into alkyl halides (SOCl2).
The reaction with PBr3 involves a configuration inversion at carbon.
The reaction with SOCl2 also occurs with configuration inversion [but check with your instructor to see if the SNi mechanism is covered].
Because it avoids the possibility of carbocation rearrangements, using PBr3 and SOCl2 to convert alcohols to alkyl halides is much more mild and predictable than using HBr or HCl.
PBr3's most important reaction is with alcohols, where it replaces an OH group with a bromine atom to form alkyl bromide.
The nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs when alcohol reacts with phosphorous tribromide, resulting in the formation of alkyl bromide.

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The correct answer is Carbon Dioxide is formed as a result of the sodium bicarbonate wash.

Each of the molecules of carbon dioxide, with the chemical formula CO2, has one carbon atom covalently doubly bonded to two oxygen atoms. It occurs in the gas state at room temperature. Carbon dioxide acts as a greenhouse gas in the atmosphere because it absorbs infrared light rays despite being transparent to visible light. From pre-industrial levels of 280 parts per million (ppm) to a trace gas of 421 ppm, or nearly 0.04% by volume, it has grown (as of May 2022). [9] [10] The combustion of fossil fuels is the primary cause of both these high CO2 concentrations and climate change. Dissolved carbon dioxide is present in the ocean, ice caps, lakes, and groundwater.

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Explanation:

The correct statement that best explains the trend in the acid strength of the oxyacids of chlorine is (A). The electrons in the H-O bond are pulled away from the hydrogen by the more electronegative oxygen, making the bond weaker. Additional oxygen atoms intensify this effect, making the H-O bond even weaker and increasing the degree of ionization. The trend in acid strength is due to the increasing electronegativity of oxygen and the corresponding weakening of the H-O bond in the acid.

The correct answer is

Aldehyde would have the highest boiling point

Aldehydes and ketone both include a carbonyl group. Aldehydes are thought to be the most important functional group. They go by the labels formyl or methanoyl group. Aldehydes get their name from the dehydration of alcohols. Aldehydes have a carbonyl group attached to at least one hydrogen atom. In ketones, the carbonyl group is joined to two carbon atoms.

Examples of organic compounds with the carbonyl functional group, or C=O, include aldehydes and ketones. The carbon atom of this group has two empty bonds that may be filled with hydrogen, an alkyl group, or an aryl group. If at least one of these substituents is hydrogen, the compound is an aldehyde. If none of these contains hydrogen, the material is a ketone.

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Answer:

Explanation:

In this scenario, the house can be considered as a thermodynamic system, and the transfer of energy between the system and its surroundings occurs through heat transfer.

On a hot day, the temperature inside the house is higher than the temperature outside, causing heat to flow from the house to the environment in order to balance the temperatures. This heat transfer occurs due to the difference in temperature between the house and the outside environment, and is facilitated by the air conditioning system.

The air conditioning system works by removing heat from inside the house and expelling it to the outside environment, thus cooling the air inside the house. This process of removing heat from the house and expelling it to the outside is a transfer of energy from the system (the house) to its surroundings.

The heat transfer from the house to the outside environment continues until the temperature inside the house reaches a state of thermal equilibrium with the temperature outside, at which point the transfer of heat stops. The air conditioning system continues to operate, however, to maintain the desired temperature inside the house by continuously removing heat and expelling it to the outside environment.

In summary, the transfer of energy between the house (the system) and its surroundings occurs through heat transfer, with heat flowing from the house to the outside environment due to the difference in temperature, and the air conditioning system facilitating this transfer by removing heat from inside the house and expelling it to the outside environment.

A balanced cone on its small end is in inconsistent equilibrium. Equilibrium refers to a state of balance where an object isn't accelerating or changing its stir.

An object can be in one of three types of equilibrium stable, neutral, or unstable. In stable equilibrium, an object that's displaced from its position will witness a restoring force that brings it back to its original position. For illustration, a ball at the bottom of a coliseum is in stable equilibrium because if it's displaced from its position, graveness will beget it to roll back to the bottom of the coliseum. In neutral equilibrium, an object that's displaced from its position will remain in its new position. For illustration, a ball balanced at the top of a hill is in neutral equilibrium because if it's displaced from its position, it'll remain at its new position and not roll back to the top of the hill. In unstable equilibrium, an object that's displaced from its position will witness a force that will move it further down from its original position. For illustration, a cone balanced on its small end is in unstable equilibrium because if it's displaced from its position, it'll fall over and move further down from its original position. thus, a cone balanced on its small end is in unstable equilibrium.

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A cone balanced on its small end is in stable equilibrium. In stable equilibrium, an object is in a balanced state where any slight disturbance will cause the object to return to its original position.

This is because the center of gravity of the cone is located directly above its base, creating a low center of gravity.

To understand this concept, imagine a cone standing on its small end. The base of the cone provides a wide and stable support. The center of gravity, which is the point where the weight of the cone is concentrated, is located directly above the base. This means that any slight tilt or disturbance to the cone will result in the center of gravity moving to a lower position, causing the cone to return to its original upright position.

In contrast, if the cone were balanced on its large end, it would be in an unstable equilibrium. In this case, the center of gravity is located above the narrow top of the cone, making it easy for the cone to topple over with even a slight disturbance. This is because the center of gravity is higher than the base, making the cone top-heavy.

Therefore, a cone balanced on its small end is an example of stable equilibrium.

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The purpose of the experiment was to determine how the temperature of air affects the time for water vapor to condense when it mixes with warm, humid air.

The independent variable was temperature, the dependent variable was the condensation time, and the control variables were water vapor and air.

The tools used to collect data were a stopwatch and thermometer.

The procedure involved measuring the condensation time for the same amount of water vapor at different temperatures

The data showed that as the temperature of air increases, the amount of water vapor it can hold also increases.

1.  As the temperature difference increases, the time for water vapor to condense will decrease.

Evidence-based claim: The rate at which water vapor condenses into liquid droplets when warm, humid air mixes with cool air is directly proportional to the temperature difference between the two air masses.

2. At a cold front, if the air is humid, the relative humidity will increase as the temperature decreases, and the increased relative humidity will cause the water vapor in the air to condense into liquid droplets.

Evidence-based claim: It has been observed in experiments where air masses of different temperatures and relative humidities are introduced into a controlled environment, leading to an increase in cloud formation and precipitation in areas affected by a cold front.

When warm, humid air mixes with cool air, the water vapor in the warm air may condense into liquid droplets if the cool air cannot hold as much water vapor as the warm air. As the temperature of air increases, the amount of water vapor it can hold also increases.

Therefore, the time for water vapor to condense will be affected by the temperature difference between the warm, humid air and the cool air.

At a cold front, the temperature of the air is decreasing as the cold air mass replaces the warm air mass.

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A workplace label typically contains information about the product name, manufacturer, safety instructions, and hazard warnings. It may also include instructions for proper use, storage, and disposal of the product.

 The manufacturer is the company or individual responsible for producing a product. They are responsible for the design, production, and distribution of the item. The manufacturer typically owns the production line, labor, and materials used to create the product. This includes the factory, the machinery, and the raw materials used to make the product. The manufacturer is also responsible for creating a brand identity, and for marketing and promoting the product. This includes advertising, creating a website and social media presence, and engaging in public relations activities.

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If you decide mineral D was the softest mineral of this group  you would place it on line are ;G ___1___, A ___2___, B ___3___, E ___4___, F ___5___, C ___6___,D ___7___.

Mineral is an inorganic naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition, a highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. Minerals are not created by living organisms and are not biodegradable. There are over 4,000 known minerals on Earth, with new ones being discovered every day. They can be found in rocks, soils, and even in bodies of water. Minerals can be divided into two main categories: metallic and non-metallic. Metallic minerals are characterized by their shiny appearance, while non-metallic minerals are dull in appearance.

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An atom is made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of electrons.

Protons and neutrons are collectively known as nucleons and together they make up the nucleus. Electrons orbit the nucleus at different energy levels.Defibrillation is a medical procedure that delivers a therapeutic dose of electrical energy to the heart muscle in order to restore a normal heart rhythm. This electrical energy is delivered by a device called a defibrillator. A glossary is a collection of terms and definitions, usually in alphabetical order, providing an explanation of a specific subject or topic.A glossary is an alphabetically organized list of words and definitions related to a specific topic. It provides an easy reference for understanding the language used in that subject.

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A process whereby a compound is broken down into two or more simpler compounds. Reaction of displacement.

Decomposition reactions: the breaking down of a chemical molecule into less complex elements. These reactions work in opposition to synthesis reactions. Breaking down a highly complex chemical into two or more simpler substances is known as a decomposition reaction. The formula for this reaction is frequently written as AB A + B or C A + B. Everywhere, decomposition reactions take place. Reactions involving decomposition - A reaction in which a single component disintegrates, or decomposes, into two or more simpler substances. One illustration is the electrolysis of water, which occurs when an electric current is carried across it and produces hydrogen and oxygen gas.

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The given statement "enzymes are consumed in chemical reactions and cannot be used again" is false because the enzymes are not consumed during the chemical reaction.

The Enzymes are not the reactants and enzymes are not used up during the chemical reaction. Once the will enzyme binds to the substrate and enzymes will catalyzes the chemical reaction, the enzyme will released, and unchanged, and can be used for the another reaction. Enzymes are helpful in speed up the chemical reaction.

The enzyme is the biological catalyst and is is the protein. It is used to speeds up the rate of the  specific chemical reaction in the cell.

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100 ml of substance b has the same mass as 50.0 ml of substance a.

To solve this problem, we need to use the formula:

density = mass/volume

We can rearrange this formula to solve for mass:

mass = density x volume

We can then use the masses of the two substances to find the volume of substance b that has the same mass as 50.0 ml of substance a.

First, let's find the mass of 50.0 ml of substance a:

mass of substance a = density of substance a x volume of substance a

= 2.20 g/ml x 50.0 ml

= 110 g

Next, let's find the volume of substance b that has the same mass as 50.0 ml of substance a by equating:

mass of substance b = mass of substance a

density of substance b x volume of substance b = density of substance a x volume of substance a

volume of substance b = (density of substance a x volume of substance a) / density of substance b

= (2.20 g/ml x 50.0 ml) / 1.10 g/ml

= 100 ml

Therefore, 100 ml of substance b has the same mass as 50.0 ml of substance a.

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The amount of carbon dioxide (in moles) is produced by the reaction of 3.00 mol c4h10 with 24.0 mol o2 is 12.0 moles.

When C4H10 and O2 burn, the chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:

8 CO2 + 10 H2O = 2 C4H10 + 13 O2

According to the chemical equation, 2 moles of C4H10 react with 13 moles of oxygen to create 8 moles of carbon dioxide. The mole ratio of C4H10 to CO2 is therefore 2:8, or 1:4.

Assuming that 3.00 moles of C4H10 react with 24.0 moles of oxygen, finding the limiting reactant will allow us to compute the amount of CO2 that is generated.

To do this, we can contrast the amount of oxygen needed by the reaction (13 moles of oxygen for every 2 moles of C4H10) with the actual amount of oxygen available (24.0 moles). 2 moles of C4H10 must react with 13 moles of O2: C4H10 is the limiting reactant because we only have 3.00 moles of it, which is less than the required 3.69 moles.

24.0 moles O2 x (2 moles C4H10 / 13 moles O2) = 3.69 moles C4H10

We may determine the quantity of CO2 produced using the balanced equation's mole ratio of C4H10 to CO2 (1:4):

8 mol CO2 divided by 2 mol C4H10 times 3 mol C4H10 equals 12.0 mol CO2.

12.0 moles of CO2 are consequently created throughout the process.

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[A]t versus t gives first order reaction, ln[A]t versus t gives second order reaction and 1/[A]t versus t  gives third order reaction.

The order of reaction has been defined as the rate's power dependency on reactant concentration. That once rate law of something like a reaction has been identified, the same rule may be utilized to fully comprehend the content of the reaction mixture.

In plenty of other words, this reaction order is indeed the exponent through which the concentration of a given species is increased, and it indicates how the concentrations of the species impacts the rate of reaction.

[A]t versus t gives first order reaction

ln[A]t versus t gives second order reaction

1/[A]t versus t  gives third order reaction

Therefore, [A]t versus t gives first order reaction, ln[A]t versus t gives second order reaction and 1/[A]t versus t  gives third order reaction.

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Answer:

154.61 g.

Explanation:

he balanced chemical equation for the reaction of KCIO3 to form KCl and O2 is:

2KCIO3 -> 2KCl + 3O2

From this equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of KCIO3, 2 moles of KCl and 3 moles of O2 are produced.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of KCIO3:

n = mass / molar mass

= 125g / (138.2 g/mol)

= 0.902 moles

Now that we have the number of moles of KCIO3, we can calculate the masses of the products:

Mass of KCl = 0.902 moles * (74.55 g/mol) = 67.53 g

Mass of O2 = 0.902 moles * (32.00 g/mol) * 3 = 87.08 g

So the total mass of the products will be:

67.53 g + 87.08 g = 154.61 g.


ALLEN

The movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration will require an input of energy in the form of heat or another form of energy.

This is because the movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration is driven by the laws of thermodynamics, which state that energy flows from high concentration to low concentration, and not the other way around.

In a concentration gradient, particles tend to move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, in a process known as diffusion. However, for this movement to occur spontaneously, the concentration gradient must be established, meaning that there must be a difference in concentration between the two areas.

To move a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration, energy must be supplied to the system to overcome the natural tendency for energy to flow from high to low concentration. This energy can be supplied in the form of heat, work, or other forms of energy, and it is used to move the particles against the concentration gradient, from a low concentration to a high concentration.

In conclusion, the movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration requires an input of energy in the form of heat or another form of energy, to overcome the natural tendency for energy to flow from high to low concentration

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Answer:

+3

Explanation:

The anion in aluminum nitrate is nitrate (NO3-), which has a valency of -1. The cation in aluminum nitrate is aluminum (Al^3+), which has a valency of +3.


ALLEN

10.54L of NH3 at 850°C and 5.00 atm are required to react with 1.00 mole of O2 in this reaction.

Given the temperature of NH3 = 850°C = 850 + 273 = 1123K

The pressure of NH3 = 5atm

Number of moles of O2 = 1

The volume of NH3 = V

The reaction equation is:

[tex]4NH3 + 7O2 --- > 4NO2 + 6H2O[/tex]

4 moles of ammonia and 7 moles of oxygen gas react.

1 mole of oxygen gas and 1 mole of ammonia react.

Ammonia is equal to 0.5714 moles.

From the equation of ideal gas law: PV = nRT where R = 0.0821 L atm/ K mol which is a gas constant such that:

[tex]5.00 atm * V = 0.5714 moles * 0.0821 L atm/ K mol * 1123K[/tex]  

V = 10.54 L

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complete question: In the first step of the industrial process for making nitric acid, ammonia reacts with oxygen in the presence of a suitable catalyst to form nitric oxide and water vapor: 4NH3 + 7O2 -> 4NO2 + 6H2O. How many liters of NH3 at 850 °C and 5.00 atm are required to react with 1.00 mol of O2 in this reaction?

The amount of the Br₂ in moles was formed during the first 15.0 s of the reaction is 0.0396 mol.

The rection is as :

2HBr  --->   H₂  +  Br₂

The rate of disappearance of HBr = - (1/2) d[HBr] / dt

The rate of formation of H₂  = + (1/ 2 )d [H₂ ] / dt

The rate of formation of  Br₂ = + (1/2) [  Br₂] / dt

Average rate = - (1/2) d[HBr] / dt

                       = - (1/2) ( 0.512 - 0.600 ) / (25 - 0 )

                       = 0.00176 M/s

d[ Br₂] / dt = 0.00176 M/s

[ Br₂]  = 0.0264 M

The moles of  Br₂ = 0.0264 × 1.25

                              = 0.0396 mol

This question is incomplete, the complete question is :

Consider the reaction. 2 HBr(g) ¡ H2(g) + Br2(g) a. Express the rate of the reaction in terms of the change in concentration of each of the reactants and products. b. In the first 25.0 s of this reaction, the concentration of HBr drops from 0.600 M to 0.512 M. Calculate the average rate of the reaction during this time interval.c. If the volume of the reaction vessel in part b is 1.50 L, what amount of Br2 (in moles) forms during the first 15.0 s of the reaction?

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Saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons are two types of organic compounds that differ in the number and arrangement of their carbon-carbon bonds.

Saturated hydrocarbons, also known as alkanes, contain only single bonds between the carbon atoms in their molecular structure. They are said to be "saturated" because they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can be bonded to the carbon atoms. As a result, they have a linear or branched chain structure, and they are solid or semi-solid at room temperature. Examples of saturated hydrocarbons include methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and propane (C3H8).Unsaturated hydrocarbons, on the other hand, contain one or more double or triple bonds between their carbon atoms. This means that they have fewer hydrogen atoms bonded to their carbon atoms than is possible in a saturated hydrocarbon.

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It is true that in order to maintain beer quality it is important to maintain consistent calcium and pH levels.

Calcium is one of the most important element for yeast health and contributes to the beer's flavor and texture.

Generally pH affects yeast activity and can impact the stability and flavor of the beer. If the levels of calcium and pH fluctuate too much, it may lead to issues with fermentation and negatively affect the quality of the beer.

Maintaining consistent levels of calcium and pH in beer usually can impact the clarity and stability of the final product.

Hence, consistent levels of calcium and pH are crucial in maintaining the quality of beer.

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To compute the number of formula units in 5.50 grams of AgNO3, first calculate the molar mass of the compound, which is the sum of the atomic masses of silver (Ag), nitrogen (N), and oxygen.

(O). Molar mass of AgNO3 = (1 x Ag atomic mass) + (1 x N atomic mass) + (3 x O atomic mass) The molar mass of AgNO3 is equal to (1 x 107.87 g/mol) + (1 x 14.01 g/mol) + (3 x 16.00 g/mol). The molar mass of AgNO3 is 169.87 g/mol. Therefore, using the molar mass, we can convert the mass of AgNO3 to moles of AgNO3: moles AgNO3 = AgNO3 mass / AgNO3 molar mass moles AgNO3 = 5.50 g / 169.87 g/mol moles AgNO3 = 0.0324 mol Lastly, we may employ Avogadro's number, 6.022 x To convert moles of AgNO3 to formula units, multiply by 1023: formula units = moles AgNO3 x Avogadro's number formula units = 0.0324 mol x 6.022 x 1023 formula units/mol formula units = 1.95 x 1022 formula units/mol formula units = 1.95 x 1022 formula units As a result, 5.50 grams of AgNO3 contains roughly 1.95 x 1022 formula units.

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(a) By using the formula [tex]K = 0.5 * m * v2[/tex] to determine an object's kinetic energy, we can determine the electron's speed in the hydrogen atom's lowest energy state. This results in an effective current of [tex]3.52 x 10-13 A[/tex] for this orbiting electron.

An electron's rate of motion through space is referred to as its speed. It is used to determine how fast something is moving and is normally stated in metres per second (m/s). A multitude of variables, including an electron's energy, mass, and exposure to electric and magnetic fields, can have a significant impact on how fast an electron moves. Electrons can move at rates that range from less than a metre per second to almost the speed of light in the setting of atomic and molecular physics. When free electrons are present in a substance, such as a metal, they can occasionally flow through it at extremely fast speeds, which increases the material's electrical conductivity.

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We must first determine the formula mass of a Cu2O formula unit before we can set it on the nano-balance. As a result, we must increase the greater balance by one formula unit of H2O.

We must first determine the formula mass of a Cu2O formula unit before we can set it on the nano-balance. Since there are two copper atoms and one oxygen atom in every unit of the formula Cu2O, we may determine its mass as follows: Cu2O has a formula mass of 143.1 u, which is equal to 2 atomic masses of copper and 1 atomic mass of oxygen. 0.000 u x 143.1 u/formula unit = 0 formula units is the amount we must increase. The mass of water is expressed as: H2O's formula mass is (2 x hydrogen atomic mass) + (1 x oxygen atomic mass), which equals (2 x 1.008 u) + (1 x 15.999 u) = 18.015 u. The following must be added: 0.000 u; 18.015 u; and 0.000 formula units.

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Penguin's average velocity is  c)0.5m/sec if it is initial at 4m and switches to 8m position in 8 sec.So,correct option is c.

The word average essentially implies, the proportion of the amount of amounts to the absolute number of amounts. In Material science, an alternate methodology is taken. Presently prior to understanding normal speed, let us comprehend what speed precisely and speed is and the way in which these two are associated.

The speed of an item alludes to the adjustment of position of that article concerning time. Speed then again isn't anything, however the speed characterized concerning the course in which an item voyages.We will jump into insight regarding the contrast among speed and speed, until further notice, how about we return to the typical speed.

Presently average velocity as indicated by the definition is the proportion of the distance from point a to guide b of an article toward the time it takes to make that removal from point a to point b. It could be noticed that we utilize the term development rather than distance to stress the course.

Arithmetically and average velocity is characterized as, v = d /t,where d is the distance or displacement and t is the time taken for that removal.

Initially,penguin is at 4m position and in 8 sec it reaches to 8m position.So,distance covered by penguin in 8 sec=8m-4m=4m

So,average velocity=4m/8sec=0.5m/sec.

Hence,option c is correct.

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(Complete question) is:

Examine the information.A Magellanic penguin is at an initial position of 4 m and waddles to a position of 8 m in 8 s.

What is the penguin’s average velocity?

a)-4 m/s

b)4 m/s

c)0. 5 m/s

d)2 m/s