the term rubber refers to any of the natural or synthetic polymers having two main properties: deformation under strain and elastic recovery after vulcanization. what are these polymers called?

The solution that contains the 0.10 M sodium hydroxide and the 0.10 M sodium cyanide. The formula of the substance which will precipitates first is the Zn(OH)₂.

The chemical equation for the reaction of the zinc acetate with the solutions and with the solubility products is as :

Zn(C₂H₃O₂)₂   + 2KOH   --->  Zn(OH)₂  +  2KC₂H₃O₂

The ksp of the  Zn(OH)₂  = 1.2 × 10⁻¹⁷

Zn(C₂H₃O₂)₂   +  2NaCN  -->  Zn(CN)₂   +  2C₂H₃O₂Na

The ksp of the  Zn(OH)₂  = 2.6 × 10⁻¹³

The higher the value of the Ksp of the solute, then the more soluble the solute  in the solvent.

The Ksp value of the Zn(OH)₂ is less as compared to the Ksp of the Zn(CN)₂,  Therefore, the Zn(OH)₂ precipitates first.

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The process in which a nucleus spontaneously breaks down by emitting radiation is known as radioactive decay.

During this process, the unstable nucleus emits radiation in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays until it becomes stable. Radioactive decay is a random process and occurs at a specific rate, known as the half-life, which varies for each radioactive substance.

This process is used in many applications, including carbon dating and medical imaging. It is important to note that fusion and transformation are not related to radioactive decay, as they refer to the process of combining two nuclei to form a heavier nucleus and the process of changing one element into another, respectively. Answering more than 100 words, we can say that radioactive decay is a fundamental process that helps us understand the behavior of atoms and how they change over time.

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The false statement about disulfide bond formation is (d) disulfide bonds form spontaneously within the ER because the lumen of the ER is oxidizing. Disulfide bonds do form within the ER, but not spontaneously.

Instead, they are formed by the action of enzymes called protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs). PDIs catalyze the oxidation of cysteine residues to form disulfide bonds. Disulfide bonding (b) stabilizes the structure of proteins, and (a) disulfide bonds do not form under reducing environments. Additionally, disulfide bonds do not (c) grow from both ends, the growth rate is faster at the plus ends. Instead, they are formed between two cysteine residues on the same polypeptide chain or between different polypeptide chains.

The false statement about disulfide bond formation among the given choices is (a) disulfide bonds do not form under reducing environments grow from both ends, the growth rate is faster at the plus ends. This statement is unrelated and incorrect. In reality, disulfide bonds (b) form by oxidation of cysteine pairs, (c) stabilize protein structures, and (d) form spontaneously within the ER due to its oxidizing environment. Disulfide bonds play a vital role in maintaining the proper folding and stability of proteins, especially those secreted or located in extracellular environments.

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The concentration of [tex]2H_3PO_4[/tex] remaining after 5.20 seconds is approximately 0.254 M, the correct option is A.

To determine how much [tex]2H_3PO_4[/tex] is left after 5.20 seconds, we can use the integrated rate equation for a second-order reaction:

1/[A]t - 1/[A]0 = kt,

where;

[A]t = concentration of [tex]2H_3PO_4[/tex] at time t

[tex][A]_0[/tex] = initial concentration

k = rate constant

t = time elapsed.

Substituting the given values:

1/[A]t - 1/1.02 = (0.566 [tex]M^{-1}s^{-1}[/tex]) × 5.20 s,

Simplifying the equation:

1/[A]t = 1/1.02 + (0.566 [tex]M^{-1}s^{-1}[/tex]) × 5.20 s,

Calculating the right side:

1/[A]t = 0.9804 [tex]M^{-1}[/tex] + 2.9452 [tex]M^{-1}[/tex],

1/[A]t = 3.9256 [tex]M^{-1}[/tex].

Taking the reciprocal of both sides:

[A]t = 1 / (3.9256 [tex]M^{-1[/tex]),

[A]t = 0.254 M.

Thus, the correct option is A.

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The complete question is:

The following reaction follows second-order kinetics with a rate constant of 0.566 [tex]M^{-1}s^{-1}[/tex]. Suppose a vessel initially contains [tex]2H_3PO_4[/tex] at a concentration of 1.02 m. How much is left 5.20 seconds later?

[tex]2H_3PO_4[/tex] → [tex]P_2O_5+ 3H_2O[/tex]

(group of answer choices)

A. 0.25 M

B. 0.51 M

C. 0.56 M

D. 0.91 M

A dark ale that is sweet, strong, and hosts a malt flavor is known as a(n) b. stout.

Ale is a type of beer that is brewed using a warm fermentation method, typically at temperatures between 15-25°C (59-77°F). It is made with a type of yeast called Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which ferments at the top of the fermentation vessel and gives ale its characteristic fruity and floral notes.

Ales can range in color from light yellow to dark brown, and in flavor from light and refreshing to rich and complex. Some popular types of ales include pale ale, India pale ale (IPA), brown ale, and porter.

Ales are often served at cellar temperature (around 12-14°C or 54-57°F) and can be enjoyed on their own or paired with a variety of foods, such as cheese, grilled meats, and spicy dishes.

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The solid that has the lowest solubility at 10°C is substance D

A solubility curve is a graphic representation of a solute's solubility in a particular solvent at different pressures and temperatures. A material's solubility, which is often expressed in grams per 100 milliliters (g/100 mL) of solvent, is the maximum quantity of the substance that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature and pressure.

This is because, the solubility of the substance D as we can see from the curve is closest to zero around 10°C .

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Answer:

Substance D

Explanation:

its right on acellus

The molecules that can form hydrogen bonds with another identical molecule are HOOH (hydrogen peroxide), CH₃CH₂NH₂(ethylamine), and CH₃CH₂F (ethyl fluoride).                                                                  

Hydrogen bonding occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine) and another electronegative atom in a different molecule. Based on this criterion, the molecules that can form hydrogen bonds with another identical molecule are:

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False. The net number of spheres in the face-centered cubic (FCC) unit cell is not 4. In fact, the FCC unit cell consists of a total of 14 spheres.

In the face-centered cubic structure, each corner of the unit cell contains a sphere, and there are eight corners in total. Since each corner is shared by eight adjacent unit cells, the contribution of each corner to the net number of spheres is 1/8. Therefore, the total contribution from the corners is 8 * (1/8) = 1. Additionally, each face of the FCC unit cell also contains a sphere located at its center. There are six faces in total, and each face contributes 1 sphere. So the total contribution from the faces is 6. Combining the contributions from the corners and faces, we have 1 (from corners) + 6 (from faces) = 7. However, since the unit cell is three-dimensional, we need to account for the spheres within the unit cell itself. The center sphere is not shared with any neighboring unit cells, so it counts as a full sphere. Therefore, the total number of spheres in the FCC unit cell is 7 + 1 = 8. In summary, the net number of spheres in the face-centered cubic unit cell is 8, not 4.

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40.5 g of N2 occupies 32.7 L at STP. The correct answer is (C) 32.4 L.

We can use the ideal gas law to solve this problem:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.

At STP, the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 273.15 K. The ideal gas constant is 0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K). We can calculate the number of moles of N2 using its molar mass, which is 28.02 g/mol:

n(N2) = 40.5 g / 28.02 g/mol = 1.446 mol

Substituting these values into the ideal gas law equation:

V = nRT / P = (1.446 mol)(0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K))(273.15 K) / 1 atm = 32.7 L

Therefore, 40.5 g of N2 occupies 32.7 L at STP.

The correct answer is (C) 32.4 L.

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The pH of the buffer is approximately 12.0,when Concentration of Na2HPO4 = 0.16 M Concentration of Na3PO4 = 0.38 M

To calculate the pH for this buffer, we need to first determine the pKa values for the phosphoric acid (H3PO4) species. The given Ka1 value for H3PO4 is missing in the question, so we cannot calculate the pH directly. However, we can assume that the Ka2 and Ka3 values are small compared to Ka1 and therefore negligible.
To prepare a buffer, we need to have an equal concentration of both the acid and its conjugate base. Here, Na2HPO4 is the conjugate base (A-) and Na3PO4 is the acid (HA). Therefore, we need to find the concentration of the conjugate base.
Concentration of Na2HPO4 = 0.16 M
Concentration of Na3PO4 = 0.38 M
Let x be the concentration of HPO4^2-, then the concentration of H2PO4^- will be (0.38 - x) M.
Ka1 for H3PO4 is 7.5 x 10^-3.
Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, we can calculate the pH of the buffer as:
pH = pKa1 + log([A-]/[HA])
pH = -log(7.5 x 10^-3) + log(0.16/x)
pH = 2.12 + log(0.16/x)
Simplifying the equation further:
x = 0.01 M
[H2PO4^-] = 0.38 - x = 0.37 M
[OH-] = Kw/[H+] = 1 x 10^-14/ x = 1 x 10^-12
pH = 12.0
Therefore, the pH of the buffer is approximately 12.0.

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The average atomic mass of this element is 12.0107 amu.Therefore, the average atomic mass of this element is 12.0107 amu.

To find the average atomic mass, we need to take into account the abundance and mass of each isotope. We can use the following formula:

Average atomic mass = (abundance of isotope 1 x mass of isotope 1) + (abundance of isotope 2 x mass of isotope 2)

Plugging in the values given in the question, we get:

Average atomic mass = (0.0107 x 13) + (0.9893 x 12)
Average atomic mass = 0.1391 + 11.8716
Average atomic mass = 12.0107 amu

Therefore, the average atomic mass of this element is 12.0107 amu.

To calculate the average atomic mass of an element with two stable isotopes, you need to multiply the mass of each isotope by its abundance (in decimal form) and then add the results together. Here's the calculation:

Isotope 1: 13 amu * 0.0107 = 0.1391
Isotope 2: 12 amu * 0.9893 = 11.8716

Average atomic mass = 0.1391 + 11.8716 = 12.0107 amu

So, the average atomic mass of this element is 12.0107 amu.

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To begin with, it is important to note that the speed at which a gas escapes through a pinhole is directly related to its molecular weight. The lighter the gas, the faster it will escape.

Therefore, if a gas made up of atoms is escaping 5.73 times faster than Xe gas, which has a molecular weight of 131.29 g/mol, then the gas in question must have a much lower molecular weight using this information, we can narrow down the potential gases to those with low molecular weights such as hydrogen (H2) with a molecular weight of 2.02 g/mol or helium (He) with a molecular weight of 4.00 g/mol. However, since the question mentions that the gas is made up of atoms, we can rule out hydrogen, which is a diatomic gas.

Therefore, the chemical formula of the gas in question is most likely He, which is made up of individual helium atoms and has a very low molecular weight of 4.00 g/mol. In summary, based on the given information, the gas that escapes 5.73 times faster than Xe gas is most likely helium, with the chemical formula He.

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The amount of heat transferred to 31.209 grams of water that is heated from 20.15°C to 43.82°C is 3065.95 Joules.

The equation q=mct relates the heat transfer (q) to the mass of the substance (m), the specific heat capacity (c), and the change in temperature (ΔT). In this case, we know the values of m, c, and ΔT for water, so we can use this equation to calculate the amount of heat transferred. First, we need to convert the temperature change from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15. Therefore, ΔT = (43.82 + 273.15) - (20.15 + 273.15) = 23.52 K. Next, we need to find the specific heat capacity of water. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g•K. This means that it takes 4.184 Joules of energy to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Kelvin. Finally, we can plug in the values we have into the equation: q = (31.209 g) x (4.184 J/g•K) x (23.52 K) = 3065.95 J Therefore, the amount of heat transferred to 31.209 grams of water that is heated from 20.15°C to 43.82°C is 3065.95 Joules.

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The minimum value of the partition coefficient (k) to get an efficient extraction with only one extraction step is 1.8.

To answer your question, we need to understand the concept of partition coefficient (k). Partition coefficient (k) is the ratio of the concentration of a solute in the organic phase to its concentration in the aqueous phase at equilibrium. It is a measure of the solubility of a solute in a particular solvent system.
Now, to get an efficient extraction with only one extraction step, we need to ensure that more than 90% of the desired compound is recovered. Given that the desired compound is soluble in the organic solvent and we use equal volumes of the organic solvent and water, the minimum value of the partition coefficient (k) can be calculated using the following formula:
k = [concentration of the desired compound in the organic phase] / [concentration of the desired compound in the aqueous phase]
To achieve an efficient extraction with only one extraction step, we need to ensure that more than 90% of the desired compound is extracted into the organic phase. This means that the concentration of the desired compound in the organic phase should be at least 90% of the initial concentration of the compound. Assuming equal volumes of the organic solvent and water are used, this can be represented as:
[concentration of the desired compound in the organic phase] >= 0.9 x [initial concentration of the desired compound]
Similarly, the concentration of the desired compound in the aqueous phase can be represented as:
[concentration of the desired compound in the aqueous phase] = [initial concentration of the desired compound] / 2
Substituting these values in the formula for k, we get:
k >= (0.9 x [initial concentration of the desired compound]) / ([initial concentration of the desired compound] / 2
Simplifying the expression, we get:
k >= 1.8
In summary, for an efficient extraction with only one extraction step, we need to ensure that the desired compound is soluble in the organic solvent and the partition coefficient (k) is equal to or greater than 1.8.

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To convert -196°C to Fahrenheit, you can use the formula: F = (C x 1.8) + 32. Plugging in -196 for C, you get:

F = (-196 x 1.8) + 32
F = -320.8

Therefore, nitrogen boils at -320.8°F. It's important to note that Fahrenheit and Celsius scales have different zero points and different degrees of size. This means that -196°C is a much lower temperature than -320.8°F, as the Fahrenheit scale has a smaller degree of size. This conversion is useful for comparing temperatures across different measurement systems, and for understanding the temperature ranges of different substances and materials.

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The reaction mixture needs to be filtered while warm after reflux because the product may solidify and become difficult to filter if left to cool.


During reflux, the reaction mixture is heated to boiling and maintained at that temperature for a period of time. This process can cause the product to dissolve in the solvent and react with other components in the mixture. After reflux, the reaction mixture needs to be filtered to separate the solid product from the solvent and other components.  

Filtering the mixture while it is still warm prevents the product from solidifying and becoming difficult to filter. If left to cool, the product may form crystals that clog the filter and slow down or even stop the filtration process. By filtering the mixture while it is still warm, the product remains in a liquid state and is easier to separate from the rest of the mixture. This ensures that the product is obtained in the desired form and purity.

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The moles of the gas that were added to the balloon with the final volume was 7.2 l is 9.5 moles.

The initial number of moles of the balloon, n₁ = 2.3 mol

The initial volume of the gas, V₁ = 1.4 L

The final volume of the gas, V₂ = 7.2 L

The relationship in between the volume and the number of moles is :

V₁ / n₁ = V₂ / n₂

1.4 / 2.3 = 7.2 / n₂

n₂ = 11.8 mol

The added number of the moles of the gas is :

n = n₂  - n₁

n = 11.8 - 2.3

n = 9.5 mol

The amount of the moles that were added to the balloon is the 9.5 mol.

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The pH of a 0.30 M solution of a weak base is 10.66. We can use this information to calculate the pOH of the solution, which is the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration. The pOH can then be used to calculate the pKb, which is the negative logarithm of the base dissociation constant, Kb. By taking the antilog of the pKb value, we can determine the value of Kb for the weak base.

To calculate the pOH of the solution, we use the equation: pOH = 14 - pH. Therefore, pOH = 14 - 10.66 = 3.34. Using the relationship between pOH and Kb, we have pKb = 14 - pOH = 10.66. Taking the antilog of pKb, we have Kb = 2.5 x 10^-4.

Therefore, the Kb of the weak base in the 0.30 M solution is 2.5 x 10^-4. This value indicates the strength of the base as a proton acceptor in solution. A higher value of Kb indicates a stronger base, which means it is more likely to accept a proton from water and generate hydroxide ions. The calculation of Kb is an essential step in understanding the properties of weak bases and their behavior in solution.

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On 10-fold dilution of a strong acid, the pH will increase by one unit.

This is because dilution of an acidic solution with water leads to a decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution, and an increase in the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-). The pH of a solution is a measure of the concentration of H+ ions present in the solution. When an acidic solution is diluted, the concentration of H+ ions decreases, leading to an increase in pH. Since pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, a 10-fold dilution will lead to a decrease in H+ ion concentration by a factor of 10, resulting in an increase in pH by one unit. This relationship between pH and dilution is important in various scientific and industrial applications, such as in the preparation of buffers and in the treatment of acidic wastewater.

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The majority of valence electrons are negatively charged particles, and they are all grouped in various orbitals or shells. Additionally, these electrons are in charge of how atoms interact with one another and create chemical bonds.

An element is defined as the pure substance which consists of only one type of atom which all have the same numbers of protons in their nuclei. Elements are the simplest chemical forms which cannot be broken down through chemical reactions.

Here the element potassium has the atomic number 19 and its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 8, 1. It contains the four energy levels, they are 'K', 'L', 'M' and 'N'. The number of valence electrons in potassium is 1.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably your full question was:

Which element has 1 valence electron and 4 energy levels?

we need 56.11 grams of KOH to make 1.00 liter of a 1 molar solution of potassium hydroxide.

To make a 1 molar solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH), we need to dissolve enough KOH in water to make a solution where the concentration of KOH is 1 mole per liter of solution. The molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute (KOH in this case) per liter of solution, so we can use this equation:

M = moles of solute / liters of solution

We can rearrange this equation to solve for the moles of solute:

moles of solute = M x liters of solution

Since we want to make 1.00 liter of a 1 molar solution of KOH, we can substitute those values into the equation:

moles of solute = 1.00 mol/L x 1.00 L = 1.00 mol

So we need 1.00 mole of KOH to make 1.00 liter of a 1 molar solution. To find the mass of KOH needed, we need to use its molar mass:

KOH molar mass = 39.10 g/mol (for K) + 16.00 g/mol (for O) + 1.01 g/mol (for H) = 56.11 g/mol

So, the mass of KOH needed to make 1.00 liter of a 1 molar solution is:

mass of KOH = moles of KOH x molar mass of KOH

= 1.00 mol x 56.11 g/mol

= 56.11 g

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There are 6 moles of O-atoms in 126 amu of HNO3.

To find the number of moles of O-atoms in 126 amu of HNO3, we need to first calculate the number of moles of HNO3 in 126 amu and then multiply it by the number of O-atoms per molecule of HNO3.

The molecular weight of HNO3 is 63 g/mol (1+14+48=63), which means that 1 mole of HNO3 has a mass of 63 g. To find the number of moles of HNO3 in 126 amu, we divide 126 by the molar mass of HNO3:

126 amu / 63 g/mol = 2 moles

So, there are 2 moles of HNO3 in 126 amu.

Each molecule of HNO3 contains 3 O-atoms, so the total number of O-atoms in 2 moles of HNO3 is:

2 moles x 3 O-atoms/mole = 6 moles of O-atoms

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First, we need to calculate the moles of naphthalene and benzene in the solution:

Molar mass of naphthalene (C10H8) = 128.17 g/mol

Moles of naphthalene = 10.6 g / 128.17 g/mol = 0.0827 mol

Density of benzene = 0.877 g/cm3 = 0.877 g/mL

Volume of benzene = 114.0 mL

Mass of benzene = Density x Volume = 0.877 g/mL x 114.0 mL = 99.9 g

Molar mass of benzene = 78.11 g/mol

Moles of benzene = 99.9 g / 78.11 g/mol = 1.28 mol

Next, we can use the freezing point depression equation and boiling point elevation equation to calculate the respective temperature changes:

ΔTf = Kf x molality

molality = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)

molality = 0.0827 mol / 0.0999 kg = 0.827 m

ΔTf = 5.12°C/m x 0.827 m = 4.23°C

Freezing point of solution = freezing point of pure benzene - ΔTf = 5.5°C - 4.23°C = 1.27°C

ΔTb = Kb x molality

ΔTb = 2.53°C/m x 0.827 m = 2.09°C

Boiling point of solution = boiling point of pure benzene + ΔTb = 80.1°C + 2.09°C = 82.19°C

Therefore, the freezing point of the solution is 1.27°C and the boiling point is 82.19°C.

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Answer:

answer is a

Explanation:

I just did that question

When heated, potassium permanganate (KMⁿO4) decomposes into:

Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizing agent that decomposes when heated and releases oxygen gas. The reaction is observed by placing small amount of potassium permanganate in a test tube and gently heating it over a Bunsen burner.

As the temperature increases, the purple color of the potassium permanganate fades and brown-black manganese dioxide is formed. Oxygen gas can be seen bubbling out of the test tube and can be confirmed with a glowing splint test.

After the reaction is complete, the residue left in the test tube is potassium manganate which can be identified by its green color.

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The enthalpy change, ΔH, for the reaction, given that 5 grams of octane, C₈H₁₈ is burned in the calorimeter containing 1200 g of water is 450 Kcal/mol

First, we shall determine the mole of 5 grams of octane, C₈H₁₈. Details below:

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of C₈H₁₈ = 5 / 114

Mole of C₈H₁₈ = 0.044 mole

Next, we shall obtain the heat absorbed by the water. Details below:

Q = MCΔT

Q = 1200 × 1 × 16.5

Q = 19800 cal

Finally, we shall determine the enthalpy change, ΔH, for the reaction. Details below:

ΔH = Q / n

ΔH = 19.8 /  0.044

ΔH = 450 Kcal/mol

Thus, the enthalpy change, ΔH for the reaction is 450 Kcal/mol

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The balanced nuclear equation for the alpha decay of polonium-218 to give lead-214 is,

[tex]^218Po[/tex] -> [tex]^214Pb[/tex] + [tex]^4He[/tex]

In the given nuclear equation, the nuclide polonium-218 (symbolized as [tex]^218Po[/tex]) undergoes alpha emission, which means it releases an alpha particle. An alpha particle consists of two protons and two neutrons, which is symbolized as [tex]^4He[/tex].

After the alpha emission, the resulting nuclide is lead-214 (symbolized as [tex]^214Pb[/tex]). Lead-214 is formed by subtracting the alpha particle ([tex]^4He[/tex]) from the original polonium-218 nucleus.

Overall, the nuclear equation represents the radioactive decay process where polonium-218 emits an alpha particle, resulting in the formation of lead-214.

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Explanation:

Plugging into the following equations will give you the answer (the answer is the attached image):

[tex]pH+pOH=14[/tex]

[tex]pH=-log_{10}([H^+])[/tex]

[tex]pOH=-log_{10}([OH^-])[/tex]

[tex][H^+][OH^-]=10^{-14}[/tex]

[tex][H^+]=10^{-pH}[/tex]

[tex][OH^-]=10^{-pOH}[/tex]

Fe3O4 contains 72.4% iron by mass.The formula of the oxide of iron is Fe3O4, which means it contains 3 atoms of iron and 4 atoms of oxygen.

To calculate the mass percent of iron in Fe3O4, we need to first determine the molar mass of Fe3O4:

Molar mass of Fe3O4 = (3 x molar mass of Fe) + (4 x molar mass of O)

= (3 x 55.845 g/mol) + (4 x 15.9994 g/mol)

= 231.5332 g/mol

Next, we need to determine the mass of iron in one mole of Fe3O4:

Mass of iron in one mole of Fe3O4 = 3 x molar mass of Fe

= 3 x 55.845 g/mol

= 167.535 g/mol

Finally, we can calculate the mass percent of iron in Fe3O4:

Mass percent of iron = (mass of iron ÷ total mass of Fe3O4) x 100%

= (167.535 g/mol ÷ 231.5332 g/mol) x 100%

= 72.4%

Therefore, Fe3O4 contains 72.4% iron by mass.

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