The change in internal energy is -48 joule.
We need to know about internal energy to solve this problem. For a closed system, with matter transfer excluded, the changes in internal energy are due to heat transfer and due to thermodynamic work done by the system on its surroundings. It can be determined as
ΔU = Q - W
where ΔU is the change in internal energy, Q is heat and W is work done.
From the question above, we know that
W = 74 joule
Q = 26 joule
By substituting the given parameter, we can calculate the change in internal energy
ΔU = Q - W
ΔU = 26 - 74
ΔU = -48 joule
The internal energy change is negative because the work done on the system is greater than the heat released.
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A solid piece of lead has a mass of 29.92 g and a volume of 2.68 cm3. from these data, calculate the density of lead in si units
The solid pieces of lead with a mass of 29.92 g has a density of 11,164 Kg/ m3.
To find the density the given values are,
v = 2.68 cm3
m = 29.92 g
What is density?The density is a mass of a unit volume of a material substance. It is a physical quantity that expresses the ratio of the body mass to the volume it occupies.
Density is a scalar quantity.
The unit of density is kg/m³.
The density formula and the procedure we will use is:
ρ = m/v
Where:
v= volume
ρ= density
m= mass
Applying the density formula, we get:
ρ = m/v
ρ = 29.92 g/ 2.68 cm3
ρ(g/cm3) = 11.164 g/cm3
Converting the density from (gram g /cm3) to (kilogram/m3), we get:
11.164 g/cm3 * (1 kg/1000g) * (1000000 cm3/1 m3) = 11,164 Kg/ m
11.164 g/cm3 is equivalent to 11,164 Kg/ m3
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Marcus performed an investigation and collected data. He wants to display his data on a graph. He has decided to use a line graph to show the data.
Which data did he most likely collect during his investigation?
The data which Marcus most likely collected during his investigation is a quantitative data.
What is a quantitative data?A quantitative data is also referred to as a numerical data and it can be defined as a data set that is primarily expressed in numbers only. This ultimately implies that, a quantitative data (numerical data) simply refers to a data set consisting of numbers rather than words.
The types of graph.In Science, there are different types of graph and these include the following:
Scatter plotBar graphPie chartDot graphHistogramLine graphWhat is a line graph?A line graph is sometimes referred to as scatter chart, scatter plot, scatter diagram or scattergram and it can be defined as a type of graph which is used for the graphical representation of the values of two (2) variables in a quantitative data, with the resulting points showing any association (correlation) between the data set.
In this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that the data which Marcus most likely collected during his investigation is a quantitative data because a line graph is generally used to represent quantitative data.
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A plane convex lens is made of glass ( n = 1.5) with one flat surface and the other having a radius of 20 cm. what is the focal length (in cm) of the lens?
The focal length (in cm) of the lens is 400
The distance between a lens's center and its focus is known as the focal length of a convex lens. An optical device's focal length, which is just the inverse of the system's optical power, measures how strongly/sharply the system converges or diverges light.
A plane mirror is one having a flat surface, as those found frequently in home mirrors. It has an infinite focal length. Its optical power is 0 since it does not cause light to converge or diverge.
Given:
n=1.5
R2 = 20 cm
R1= ∞ since it is a flat surface
1/f = (n-1) (1/R1-1/R2)
Substituting values,
1/f = (1.5- 1) (1/∞-1/20)
1/f = (0.5) (-1/20)
= 1/400
F=400
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Your friend is sitting on another train traveling west at 29 m/s. as you walk toward the back of your train at 3.7 m/s, what is your velocity with respect to your friend?
The relative velocity with respect to my friend is 32.7 m/s.
We need to know about relative velocity to solve this problem. The relative velocity depends on the object and observer velocity. It can be written as
v = vo ± v'
where v is relative velocity, vo is object velocity and v' is observer velocity.
From the question above, we know that
vo = 29 m/s
v' = 3.7 m/s
The velocity will be added each other because the direction of the observer is different from the object.
v = vo + v'
v = 29 + 3.7
v = 32.7 m/s
Hence, the relative velocity with respect to my friend is 32.7 m/s.
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Consider an incandescent lightbulb. If you wanted to turn a 10-w lightbulb into a 100-w lightbulb, how would you change the temperature of the filament inside the bulb?.
By using the blackbody radiation formula, the temperature of the filament inside the bulb is changed by a factor of 10⁰'²⁵.
We need to know about black body radiation to solve this problem. The energy radiated by a black body object is proportional to the area and the fourth power of temperature. It can be determined as
P = A . e . σ . T⁴
where P is power, A is surface area, e is emissivity, σ is Stefan Boltzmann's constant ( 5.67 x 10¯⁸ W/m²K⁴) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that
P1 = 10 watt
P2 = 100 watt
T1 = T1
By using the black body radiation formula, the ratio of temperature is
T1⁴ / T2⁴ = P1 / P2
Hence,
T1⁴ / T2⁴ = P1 / P2
T1⁴ / T2⁴ = 10 / 100
T1⁴ / T2⁴ = 1 / 10
T2⁴ = 10T1⁴
T2 = ⁴√(10T1⁴)
T2 = T1 x 10⁰'²⁵
Thus, the temperature of the filament inside the bulb is changed by a factor of 10⁰'²⁵.
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with what minimal horizontal velocity must the cliff divers leave the top of the cliff is they are to miss the rock?
14.8m/s is minimal horizontal velocity must the cliff divers leave the top of the cliff is they are to miss the rock.
Ledge divers in Acapulco leap into the water from a 36-meter-high cliff. A rock protrudes 10.4 meters horizontally from the water, level. 9.8 m/s2 is the acceleration of gravity. If the cliff divers are to miss the rock, they must depart from the top of the cliff with a minimal horizontal velocity.
from above statements, we assume that
there is no initial vertical velocity, then we calculate the time it takes to reach the water, then divide the horizontal distance by that time to get the minimum required horizontal speed.
h=gt^2/2
h= 36 m
t = [tex]\sqrt{2h/g}[/tex]
put h = 36 m g = 9.8 m/s^2
t=2.7 second
Then the minimum required horizontal velocity is
v = d/t
by putting value
v= 10.4 m/2.7 s
v=14.8m/s
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Given a long text string t and one shorter pattern string s, find the first occurrence of s in t (if any). what is the complexity of your algorithm?
The complexity of your algorithm is O(nm).
Algorithmic complexity is a measure of how long an algorithm would take to complete given an input of size n. If an algorithm has to scale, it should compute the result within a finite and practical time bound even for large values of n. For this reason, complexity is calculated asymptotically as n approaches infinity.
Now,
Text: T
Pattern: s
Algorithm String Matching(T,s)
n=len(T)
m=len(s)
for i = 0 to n-m
j=0
while j<m and s[j]=T[ i + j]
j=j+1
if j==m
return i
end if
end while
return -1
end for
the complexity of your algorithm: O(nm)
reason: nested loop runs one run (n-m) times and second run m times. so it becomes (n-m)(m) = (nm-m2) = O(nm)
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A gas contracts as it cools. if it has 200 j of work done on it and it loses 106 j of heat to the surroundings, what is its internal energy change in joules? question 9 options:
a. 306
b. -106
c. 94
d. -94
e. -306
The change in internal energy of a gas as it cools is 94 J.
According to the First Law of Thermodynamics,
ΔU = q + w
Here ΔU represents the change in internal energy
Q represents the heat added to the system
W represents the work done on the system
In the given case, work is done on the system, and heat is removed from the system.
Hence, W = 200 J AND Q= -106 J.
Putting the above values in the standard equation
ΔU = 200 - 106
ΔU = 94 J.
Hence, the change in internal energy is 94 J.
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A ball rolling down a hill for 9 seconds accelerates from 3 m/s to 34.5 m/s
Acceleration of a ball rolling down hill, a = 3.5 m/s².
Equation :Given in details,
Initial velocity of ball,
u = 3 m/s
Final velocity of ball,
v = 34.5 m/s
Time taken for changing velocity,
t = 9 s
To find acceleration of ball,
a =?
Using formula,
First equation of motion
v = u + a t
where,
v is final velocity,
u is initial velocity,
t is time taken
a is acceleration
Using this first equation of motion,
v = u + a t
34.5 = 3 + a × 9
34.5 - 3 = 9 a
31.5 = 9 a
a = 31.5 / 9
a = 3.5 m/s²
What is motion first law?Newton's first law: the law of inertia
According to Newton's first law, if a body is at rest or moving in a straight line at a constant speed, it will continue to move at that speed or remain at rest until acted upon by a force.
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Represent each of the following quantities with combinations of units in the correct si form, using an appropriate prefix: (a) mm-mn (b) mg/mm (c) km/ms (d) kn/(mm)2
The international system of units is also known as SI units. It was introduced to remove the confusion between many units. According to standard international form, the SI units of various quantities are listed below:
Mass = kg
Length = m
Time = s
Force = N
To obtain the SI units of the following dimensions, they must be converted to universal standard by expressing them by the given relations:
mm-mN = ×10-3 * x10-3 = 1 x10-6 N.m
mg/mm = ×106 kg /10-3m = 1×109 kgm-1
km/ms = ×103 m /x10-3 s = 1×106 ms-1
kN/(mm)2 = ×103 / ×10-3 = 1×106 Nm-2
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The input voltage to a transformer is 120v rms ac to the primary coil of 1000 turns. what are the number of turns in the secondary needed to produce an output voltage of 10v rms ac?
The transformer secondary turns should be 83 turns.
We need to know about the transformer to solve this problem. Transformer is a device that can increase or reduce the voltage. The changed voltage depends on the current and number of coil turns. It can be written as
Vi / Vs = Ni / Ns = Is / Ii
where Vi is input voltage, Vs is output voltage, Ni is primary turn, Ns is secondary turn, Is i output current and Ii is input current.
From the question above, we know that
Vi = 120 V
Ni = 1000 turns
Vs = 10V
By substituting the following parameters, we can calculate the secondary turns
Vi / Vs = Ni / Ns
120 / 10 = 1000 / Ns
Ns = 1000 / 12
Ns = 83 turns
Hence, the transformer secondary turns should be 83 turns.
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A ball rolls from x = 10 m to
x = -25 m in 2.5 seconds. What was
its average velocity?
(Units = m/s)
The average velocity of the ball is - 14 m / s if it rolls from x = 10 to x = - 25 in 2.5 seconds.
We know that,
v = Δd / t
where,
v = Average velocity
Δd = Displacement
t = Time taken
Given that,
t = 2.5 sec
Δd = - 25 - 10
Δd = - 35 m
v = - 35 / 2.5
v = - 14 m / s
Average velocity is the average value of velocity from the starting point to ending point in a given amount of time.
Therefore, the average velocity of the ball is - 14 m / s
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A tensile test was conducted on a mild steel bar. the diameter and the gauge length of bat was 3cm and 20cm respectively. the extension was 0.21mm. what is the value to strain?
The value to strain is 0.00105.
When an object or medium is stressed, it deforms. Strain is the number that describes this distortion (deformation is experienced by objects or physical medium as a result of external forces—for). Strain is expressed as a fractional change in length (when under tensile stress), volume (when under bulk stress), or shape (under shear stress). As a result, strain is a dimensionless quantity. Tensile strain is strain produced by tensile stress, bulk strain (or volume strain) is strain generated by shear stress, and shear strain is strain induced by shear stress.
Strain = changes in length/ Original length
Strain = dL/L
= 0.21/200
= 0.00105
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Which term best describes a copper wire?
O a conductor
O a circuit
O a magnet
O an insulator
A projectile is launched from ground level at an angle of 15 degrees above the horizontal. It lands a distance of 20 meters from the launcher. Which of the following launch angles would result in the same range if the launch speed is kept the same?
A. 60 degrees
B. 30 degrees
C. 75 degrees
D. 85 degrees
C. The launch angle that would result in the same range if the launch speed is kept the same is 75⁰.
Angle of projection
The angle of projection is calculated as follows;
R = u²sin(2θ) / g
where;
θ is the angle of projectionθ = 15⁰
sin 2θ = sin 2(15) = sin (30) = 0.5
Equivalent angle of projectionθ = 90⁰ - 15⁰ = 75⁰
sin(2θ) = sin (2 x 75⁰) = sin (150⁰) = 0.5
Thus, the launch angle that would result in the same range if the launch speed is kept the same is 75⁰.
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A ball is given a brief push and then is allowed to roll up a ramp. It travels 53.1 cm up the ramp before stopping and rolling back down. It takes a total of 1.34 s to roll up and back down to its initial position. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the ball while it is on the ramp?
The magnitude of the acceleration of the ball while it is on the ramp is 2.4 m/s² approximately
What is Acceleration ?Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. It is a vector quantity.
Given that a ball is given a brief push and then is allowed to roll up a ramp. It travels 53.1 cm up the ramp before stopping and rolling back down. It takes a total of 1.34 s to roll up and back down to its initial position.
Let us take the account of rolling down.
Distance s = 53.1 cm = 0.531 mTime t = 1.34/2 = 0.67 sinitial velocity u = 0The magnitude of the acceleration of the ball while it is on the ramp can be calculated by using the below formula
s = ut + 1/2at²
Substitute all the parameters into the formula
0.531 = 0 + 1/2 × a × 0.67²
0.531 = 0.22445a
a = 0.531/0.22445
a = 2.365 m/s²
Therefore, the magnitude of the acceleration of the ball while it is on the ramp is 2.4 m/s² approximately
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how much force is required to accelarate 2kg mas at 3m/s 2
Answer:
6 Newton.
Explanation:
Force (F) = Mass (M) x Acceleration (A).
Force = 2kg x 3 m/s^2
F = 6kg m/s^2 = 6 Newton. = 6N
Therefore, Force required to accelerate the body is 6N
if a bicyclist, with an initial speed of zero, steadily gained speed until reaching a final speed of 26m/s, how far would she travel during this race?
If net work is done by a system containing an ideal gas, the sign of is _____ according to convention, and represents a(n) _____ in the volume and a(n) _____ in the internal pressure of the gas.
If net work is done by a system containing an ideal gas, the sign of is negative according to convention, and represents a(n) decrease in the volume and a(n) decrease By convention, in the internal pressure of the gas.
A theoretical gas known as an ideal gas is made up of several randomly moving point particles and only interacts through completely elastic collisions.
There are two equations of state that can be used to describe the classical thermodynamic characteristics of an ideal gas: The equation of state for an ideal gas, as determined by: Absolute temperature is denoted by T.
The ideal gas law is a development of the gas laws that were found through experiment. It may also result from analysis of microscopic factors. As a result, if we shift the ideal gas law's pressure, volume, and temperature onto the same side, we obtain This demonstrates that as long as a gas's mole (or molecule) count stays constant, its amount will not change.
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Differentiate uniform motion and non-uniform motion with examples
Explanation:
interesting let's see it is very confusing
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
Motion as the change of position of an object with respect to time.
Uniform motion covers equal distance at an equal time interval. The velocity is constant. For example, a car traveling at 55 mph constant speed for 2 hours has uniform motion
Non-uniform motion covers unequal distance at equal time intervals. For example, in heavy traffic, a car may travel at 20mph for the first 10 minutes, then 10mph for the next 10 minutes etc. Thus velocity changes over equal time periods
what is position vs time
Answer: A position- time graph shows how far an object has traveled from its starting position at any given time since it started moving. The steeper the line is, the greater the slope of the line and the faster the object's motion is changing
Explanation:
What does dependent and independent variables mean in science?
Answer:
Independent variable is the variable that causes the changes in the experiment. Dependent variable is the variable that is affected by the changes.
Explanation:
A basketball player, standing near the basket to grab a rebound, jumps 74.8 cm vertically. how much time does the player spend in the top 13.7 cm of his jump?
By using uniform motion, in 0.04 second the player will spend in the top 13.7cm .
We need to know about the uniform motion to solve this problem. The uniform motion is an object's motion under acceleration. It should follow the rule
vt = vo + a . t
vt² = vo² + 2a . s
s = vo . t + 1/2 . a . t²
where vt is final velocity, vo is initial velocity, a is acceleration, t is time and s is displacement.
From the question above, we know that
hmax = 74.8 cm = 0.748 m
h = 13.7 cm = 0.137 m
g = 9.8 m/s²
Find the initial speed by using hmax (vt = 0 m/s)
vt² = vo² + 2a . s
0² = vo² - 2g . hmax
2 . 9.8 . 0.748 = vo²
vo² = 14.6608
vo = 3.83 m/s
Find the vt when h is 13.7 cm
vt² = vo² + 2a . s
vt² = 3.83² - 2g . h
vt² = 3.83² - 2. 9.8 . 0.137
vt² = 11.98
vt = 3.46 m/s
Find the time taken
vt = vo + a . t
3.46 = 3.83 - g . t
9.8t = 0.37
t = 0.04 second
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A 7.8 kg outdoor copper sculpture heats up during the day from 28°C to 87°C. How much energy was absorbed? Note: Copper has a specific heat of
390 J/kg *C.
The energy absorbed outdoor copper sculpture heats up during the day q = 1.79 x 10⁵ J.
Equation :To find energy using formula,
q = mcΔT
where,
q is energy
m is mass
c is specific heat
ΔT is change in temperature
Given,
m = 7.8 kg
c = 390 J/kg
T₁ = 28°C
T₂ = 87°C
To find ΔT,
ΔT = T₂ - T₁
ΔT = 87° - 28°
ΔT = 59°C
Now, putting values,
q = mcΔT
q = 7.8 kg x 390 J/kg x 59
q = 1.79 x 10⁵ J
Is copper good for sculptures?The best materials for sculpture are copper and copper alloys for a variety of reasons. They offer countless artistic possibilities because they can be molded into any desired shape. Copper components can be mechanically joined or assembled by bolting or bonded by welding, enabling works of enormous size.
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During a basketball game, a player jumps straight up to dunk a ball. The news reports his hang time is 3 seconds. Neglecting air resistance, how high would this mean the player jumped? Do you think this is an achievable height? Give your reasons and show work
The height through which the player will jump is determined as 44.1 m.
Height through which the player will jumpThe height through which the player will jump at the given time is calculated as follows;
h = vt + ¹/₂gt²
where;
v is the initial velocity of the basketball player
t is the time of motiong is acceleration due to gravitySubstitute the given parameters and solve for the height jumped by the player.
h = 0 + ¹/₂(9.8)(3²)
h = 44.1 m
Thus, the height through which the player will jump is determined as 44.1 m.
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What is the electric potential 52.92 pm from a proton (the average distance between the proton and electron in a hydrogen atom)?
The electric potential from proton 52.92 pm from a proton is 27.21 V that is the average distance between the proton and electron.
DescriptionWhat does “electric potential” mean?Electric potential is the effort required to transport a unit charge from one point to another in the presence of an electric field.
Earth is typically chosen as the reference point, but any location outside the range of the electric field charge can be used.
What does class 10’s electric potential entail?The work required to accelerate a unit positive charge from infinity to a specific point in an electric field is known as the electric potential (or potential) at that location.
What kind of electric potential is that?Electric potential is the amount of labor or energy that an electric charge can produce. A 1.5 V battery, for instance, has an electric potential of 1.5 volts.
CalculationDistance from proton,
r= 52.92pm
= 52.92 x 10^(-12)
Charge on a proton
q = 1.6 x 10^(-19) C
Therefore, electric potential at distance r from a proton is
Vp = Kq/r
=Vp = (9x 10^3 x 1.6 x 10^(-19)) / 52.92 x 10^(-12) volts
Vp = 27.21 V
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If a space probe is sent into an orbit around the sun that brings it as close as 0.3 au and as far away as 5.4 au, is the orbit a circle or an ellipse?
The orbit is an ellipse for the space probe that is sent into the orbit around the sun that brings it as close as 0.3 au and as far away as 5.4 au.
DescriptionKepler’s 3rd law
According to Kepler’s Third Law, the cubes of the semi-major axes of the orbits of the planets are directly proportional to the squares of the planets’ orbital periods. As an orbiting planet’s radius increases, so does the time of its orbit around the Sun.
What is the Kepler’s law equation?T = 2πr3GME Remember that the semi-major axis of an ellipse is equal to the product of the perihelion and the aphelion divided by two. The semi-major axis (a) for a circular orbit is equal to the orbital radius.
What is the formula for Kepler’s third law?P2 = a3, which means that the period of an orbit (P) squared is equal to Kepler’s Third Law.
CalculationAs per Kepler's law and his explanation of eccentricity,
Eccentricity = Distance to the focus/ Distance to the directrix.
According to Kepler, an elliptical orbit is a Kepler orbit with an eccentricity of less than 1 and for a circular orbit, it is exactly 0 eccentricity.
So here Eccentricity = 0.3/5.4
= 0.055
So according to this, the space probe is moving in an ellipse orbit.
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At an international auto race, a race car leaves the pit after a refueling stop and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 75 m/s in 9 s to rejoin the race
The acceleration of the car after leaving the pit to reach a speed of 75 m / s in 9 s is 8.3 m / s²
a = v / t
a = Acceleration
v= Velocity
t = Time
v = 75 m / s
t = 9 s
a = 75 / 9
a = 8.3 m / s²
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. It is denoted as a.
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:
At an international auto race, a race car leaves the pit after a refueling stop and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 75 m/s in 9 s to rejoin the race. What is the race car's acceleration during this time?
Therefore, the acceleration of the car after leaving the pit is 8.3 m / s²
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A family is planning a ski vacation. The local meteorologist predicts that a cold front will move in. What weather can they expect for the trip? (1 point)
A.severe rain
B.hot and sunny
C.severe weather as the front moved through, temperatures would drop
D.warm air will cool and condense, possibly light snow
The prediction of the meteorologist, the family is to expect a severe rain as they embark on the vacation. Option A
What is weather?The term climate refers to the average weather condition of a place over a long period of time. The weather in a place changes from time to time. The weather of a place could be forecasted by a meteorologist. The meteorologist is a scientist that has been trained in the science of how to interpret weather patterns and also make predictions.
The meteorologist can be able to use the tools of the profession to discern what could be the weather condition of a place at any given point in time and announces the same by the process of giving a weather forecast.
Hence, the local meteorologist predicts that a cold front will move in; this implies that there is a cooler mass of air near the surface.
This implies that from the prediction of the meteorologist, the family is to expect a severe rain as they embark on the vacation.
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Every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the particles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. True or false?.
The Law of Universal Gravitation, states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
Newton's law of gravitation, states that any particle of matter in the universe draws another with pressure varying at once as the manufactured from the loads and inversely as the rectangular.
Newton, the pressure of gravity appearing between the earth and another item is at once proportional to the mass of the earth, directly proportional to the mass of the item, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance that separates the centers of the earth and the item. Gravitational steady, G is unbiased of the nature of the particle, medium among the debris, and time. Its cost is constant anywhere within the Universe.
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