The oxidation state of Ca in CaSO₄ is +2. The charge of the whole group SO₄ is -2. The charge of S is +6 and that of O is -2.
What is oxidation state?The oxidation state of a species is the numerical charge it possess. Thus, it is the number of electrons the element lost or gained. The total charge of a compound will be zero and every compound tends to exist as neutral.
The total charge of the compound CaSO₄ is zero and that of SO₄ is -2. Hence, to neutralize that Ca lose 2 electrons and form in +2 oxidation state.
The charge of one oxygen is -2. Here we have 4 oxygens and the total charge of all oxygens is -8 in the group SO₄.
Now, the charge of S = (-2) - (-8) = +6. Hence, the oxidation state of sulphur is +6.
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when a reaction is properly refluxing, where should you see the vapors from the heated mixture? select one: vapors should be escaping from the top of the condenser. vapors should be contained to the reaction flask. no visible vapors should be formed. vapors should be about 1/3 up the condenser height.
Answer: Vapors should be contained to the reaction flask
Explanation: O Vapors should be about 1/3 up the condenser height.
The product of the pressure and the volume of one mole of a gas is equal to the product of the absolute temperature and the universal gas constant.
The rule that states the absolute temperature of a gases and the universal gas standard are equivalent to the product of the volume and the pressure of a single gram of an ideal gas.
What is an example of temperature in chemistry?The associated with the motion energy of atoms or molecules as in system is measured by temperature. The water droplets in a hot cup coffee move more quickly than the hydrogen atoms in a cup of iced tea because the average kinetic energy of hot coffee is higher.
What factors in chemistry affect temperature?The addition of energy (heating), which raises the temperature, increases the movement of atoms and molecules. By removing energy (cooling), atoms and molecules slow down and the temperature drops as a result.
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Marie and Calvin tried to dissolve 45 grams of NaCl in 100 grams of water at 80°C. Only 40 grams dissolved, 5 grams settled at the bottom
of the beaker. The solution is then said to be
at 80°C.
The solution is then said to be saturated at 80°C
What is solubility?The amount of a solute that will dissolve in a fixed amount of solvent (often 100 grams of water) at a specific temperature to create a saturated solution is known as its solubility.
To show the solubility at various temperatures, a solubility graph is drawn. One can determine the mass of a solute that can dissolve at particular temperature, whether or not a solution is saturated, and compare the solubilities of various compounds at particular temperatures by looking at a solubility graph. These graphs allow us to determine if the solution is saturated or unsaturated.
We can conclude that the solution is saturated in this scenario because some solids are already not dissolved in the solution.
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during one of the trials in this project, the initial weight of ethanol is 77 g and after the combustion, the final weight of ethanol is 10. what are the number of moles of ethanol consumed during the experiment? the molar mass of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol. report and round your answer to the first decimal place.
The number of moles of ethanol consumed during the experiment is
The combustion reaction is given as :
C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ -----> 2CO₂ + 3H₂O
the initial weight of ethanol = 77 g
the final weight of ethanol is = 10 g
initial moles = mass / molar mas
= 77 / 46.07
= 1.67 g
final moles = mass / molar mass
= 10 / 46.07
= 0.21 mol
the moles consumed = 1.67 - 0.21 = 1.46
thus, during one of the trials in this project, the initial weight of ethanol is 77 g and after the combustion, the final weight of ethanol is 10. the number of moles of ethanol consumed during the experiment. the molar mass of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol is 1.46 mol
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a diluted saline solution is needed for routine procedures in a hospital. the supply room has a large quantity of 20% saline solution and 40% saline solution, but needs 10 liters of 25% saline solution. write a system of equations to represent this situation.
From system equation to make 10 liters of 25% saline solution we need 2.5 L saline 40% and 7,5 L saline 20%
to calculate how much saline solution 40% and 20% needed to make 10L 25% saline solution we can calculate by system of equation below:
We can call the amount of 40% solution x and the amount of 20% solution y.
x + y = 10 (1)
0.40x + 0.20 y = 10 * 0.25
0.40x + 0.20 y = 2.5
4x + 2y = 25 (Multiply by 10 to get rid of decimals) (2)
we use elemination way to get the x
2x + 2y = 20(Multiply (1) by 2) (3)
so if formula (2) - formula (3)
4x + 2y = 25
2x + 2y = 20 -
2x = 5
x = 2.5
y= 10-x
y= 10- 2.5 = 7.5
so we need 2.5 L saline 40% and 7,5 L saline solution 20%
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Why do nadh and fadh2 donate electrons to different electron transport chain complexes?.
NADH and FADH2 donate electrons to different electron transport chain complexes because the citric acid cycle and glycolysis both rely on the oxidized forms of these electron carriers to function, and these forms must be readily available.
Define the process of electron transfer in mitochondria.Through oxidative phosphorylation, the mitochondrial electron transport chain uses a series of electron transfer reactions to produce cellular ATP. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which support both homeostatic signaling and oxidative stress during disease, are produced as a result of electron transport.
In this visual presentation, we give an overview of oxidative phosphorylation and how it interacts with the electron transport chain's creation of ROS. We also provide various translational methodologies for evaluating mitochondrial energetics in both healthy and unhealthy conditions.
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What is sanitizer testing?.
Manufacturing companies may verify ingredients and check for contaminants to make sure their products are safe to use by testing the raw materials that go into their sanitizers and disinfectants.
What does sanitizer really mean?a material or item used to lessen or get rid of harmful elements (like germs) on surfaces. As of the beginning of September, sales with alcohol-based hand sanitizers remained roughly 17% higher than they were during the same time last year.
Is booze an effective sanitizer?However, broadly speaking, sanitizers with 60 to 95% alcohol are appropriate. The Center fer Prevention and Control suggests formulations using 80% (percent quantity) ethanol and 75% isopropyl alcohol.
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what is the percent yield of a reaction if when 5 moles of acetylene (c2h2) is reacted with excess o2 gas, 8 moles of co2 are formed?
A response has an 80% percent yield.
What is percent yield of a reaction?The real yield is calculated as the theoretical yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100. % Yield = (Actual Yield % Theoretical Yield Numerous factors, which will be covered in later chapters of the course, can cause a chemical reaction's actual yield to be lower than its theoretical yield.
It is beneficial to have a high yield percentage since it shows that there were fewer contaminants present throughout the experiment and it can improve computation accuracy.
Balanced equation is,
2C₂H₂ + 5 0₂----> 4 CO₂ + 2 H₂O
percent yield of reaction is = moles of product/moles of reactant×100
actual moles of acetylene is = 5/2=2.5
actual moles of Co₂ is = 8/4=2
percent yield of reaction is = 2/2.5×100
percent yield of reaction is = 80%.
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How many different uncharged (neutral) stable hydrogen atoms can you build? In the space below, briefly describe the similarities and differences in their composition.
The number of different uncharged (neutral) stable hydrogen atoms which one can build is two and the similarity is that they both have a single proton while the difference is that one has a neutron while the other has zero neutron.
What is an Atom?This is referred to as the smallest particle of an element which can exist and has subatomic particles such as proton and neutron.
The different uncharged (neutral) stable hydrogen atoms which one can build include:
1p & 0n & 1e1p & 1n & 1eFrom this we can infer that they both have one proton and electron and one has no neutron while the other has just one.
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what mass of naoh(s) must you dissolve in enough water to make 5.00 x 102 ml solution in order to create a 0.267 m solution?
Mass of NaOH must you dissolve in enough water to make 5.00 × 10² mL solution in order to create a 0.267 M solution is 5.32 g.
Given that :
molarity = 0.267 M
volume = 5.00 × 10² mL = 0.5 L
molarity expression is given as :
molarity = moles / volumes in L
moles = molarity × volume
moles = 0.267 × 0.5
moles = 0.133 mol
mass of NaOH = moles × molar mass
mass of NaOH = 0.133 mol × 40 g/mol
mass of NaOH = 5.32 g
Thus, Mass of NaOH must you dissolve in enough water to make 5.00 × 10² mL solution in order to create a 0.267 M solution is 5.32 g.
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The list below includes some of the properties of ammonia. Identify the physical properties in the list. Check all of the boxes that apply.
• gas at room temperature
• strong, unpleasant odor
• reacts with hydrochloric acid
• dissolves easily in water
• burns in oxygen
The physical properties of ammonia iare as listed below:
gas at room temperature strong, unpleasant odordissolves easily in waterWhat is ammonia?It the compound which is composed of four atoms one is nitrogen and rest are hydrogen.
What are the Physical property?A physical properties are those properties which is measurable and whose values describe the state of a physical system. The favourable changes in the physical properties of a given system is used to describe its changes mostly between the momentary states. Physical properties are referred as a observables. They are not kind of modal properties.
What is chemical property?Chemical property is defined as the characteristic of the particular substance which can be observed in the chemical reaction. Some of the major chemical properties of any substance include toxicity, flammability, pH value, heat of combustion, rate of radioactive decay, and chemical stability.
Thus, we concluded that the physical properties of ammonia are as listed below:
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Answer:
- gas at room temperature
- strong, unpleasant odor
- dissolves easily in water
Explanation:
When a piece of sodium metal is dropped into a calorimeter filled with water, hydrogen gas evolves. The temperature of the mixture rises because.
A piece of sodium metal is dropped into a calorimeter filled with water, hydrogen gas evolves. The temperature of the mixture rises because As an intensive physical property.
Calorimeter, device for measuring the heat developed throughout a mechanical, electric, or chemical reaction and for calculating the heat ability of substances. Calorimeters have been designed in splendid range.
The frame at better temperature releases heat while the body at lower temperature absorbs heat. The principle of calorimetry shows the regulation of conservation energy, i.e. the overall warmness lost through the new frame is same to the full warmth won by way of the cold body.
The primary ice calorimeters have been built based on Joseph Black's idea of latent warmness, introduced in 1761. Antoine Lavoisier coined the time period calorimeter in 1780 to explain the apparatus he used to measure warmth from guinea pig breathing used to melt snow.
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When the wavelength of a wave increases, what happens to the frequency of the wave?
I already know if the wavelength increases, the frequency decreases, but how does that happen exactly?
When the wavelength of a wave increases, the frequency of the wave decreases.
What is wavelength?Wavelength is the length of a single cycle of a wave, as measured by the distance between one peak or trough of a wave and the next.
Wavelength is often designated in physics as λ, and corresponds to the velocity of the wave divided by its frequency.
Wavelength can be calculated as follows;
λ = v/f
λ = wavelengthv = velocityf = frequencyThe relationship between wavelength and frequency is inverse i.e. as one increases, the other decreases.
Therefore, as the frequency decreases, the wavelength increases and vice versa.
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2. Magnesium metal reacts with sulfuric acid (H₂SO4) forming hydrogen gas and magnesium
sulfate
Answer: Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) + H2(g)
Explanation:
Magnesium sulfate:
Magnesium sulfate is a chemical compound, a salt with the formula .
Magnesium reacts with dilute Sulphur acid to form Magnesium sulfate and Hydrogen gas.
Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) + H2(g)
This reaction is a single displacement reaction and also exothermic.
Therefore, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of magnesium solid with sulfuric acid to form hydrogen gas and magnesium sulfate is
Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) + H2(g)
.
A 10. 0 ml syringe contains 0. 10 g of nitrogen gas at 0. 0 degrees celsius. What is the pressure inside the syringe? 8. 0 atm 0. 80 atm 224 atm 0. 22 atm.
The pressure inside the syringe is 0.68 Pa
What is ideal gas equation?The ideal gas law, also known as the general gas equation, is the equation of state for a hypothetical ideal gas. It has some limitations, but is a good approximation of the behavior of many gases under many conditions.
It is specified by the following formula:
PV = nRT
P = nRT/V
n = mass/ molar mass
n = 0.1/28
n = 0.003 moles
R = 8.314 J/(mol.K)
T = 0°C or 273 K
V = 10 ml
P = nRT/V
P = 0.003× 8.314×273/10
P = 0.68 Pa
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The diagram above shows the repeating groups of atoms that make up two samples. Both samples are green gases at room temperature. Will the other properties of the two samples be the same or different?
It is important to note that the properties of the green gas of the sample can remain the same because the repeating groups of atoms that make up the sample have an identical quantity of atoms and an identical temperature.
What is green gas?Greenhouse gases are defined as gases that absorb and emit radiant energy in the thermal infrared spectrum, causing the greenhouse effect. The following according to scientific studies account for the primary or key greenhouse gases in the atmosphere of the earth:
Water vaporcarbon dioxidemethanenitrous oxide, and ozoneNote as well that one of the four basic forms in which matter exists is gas. A pure gas can be composed of individual atoms, elemental molecules composed of one kind of atom, or complex molecules composed of many atoms. A gas mixture, such as air, comprises a variety of pure gases.
Gas contracts when pressure is applied to it. When the pressure is discharged, expansion occurs with the gas.
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in an effusion experiment, it was determined that nitrogen gas, n2 , effused at a rate 1.812 times faster than an unknown gas. what is the molar mass of the unknown gas?
The molar mass of unknown gas is 91.93 g/mol
It is Given that
[tex]r_{1}[/tex] of N2 gas = 1.812 x [tex]r_{2[/tex] of unknown gas
r1 = effusion rate of N2
r2 = effusion rate of unknown gas
[tex]r_{1}[/tex] = 1.812 [tex]r_{2[/tex]
[tex]\frac{r1}{r2}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt[2]{m2 /m1}[/tex] =1.812
where molar mass m1 of N2 = 28 g/mol
molar mass m2 of unknown gas =?
[tex]\sqrt{m2/28}[/tex] = 1.812
[tex]\frac{m2}{28}[/tex] = [tex]1.812^{2}[/tex]
m2 = [tex]1.812^{2}[/tex] x 28
m2 = 91.93 g/mol
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Measured value 28.7053 cm, which has six significant figures.
Round the measurement to four significant figures.
Measured value 28.7053 cm, which has six significant figures . Round the measurement to four significant figures is 28.71 cm
To count the significant number there are some rules to follow are :
all non zero number are significant figure.zeros between the two non zero number are count as significant figurea trailing zero in the decimal portion only are significant figure.if zero precedes the bon zero number then it is not consider as the significant figure.zero at the end or on the right side of the given number also consider as significant figure.Thus, Measured value 28.7053 cm, which has six significant figures . Round the measurement to four significant figures is 28.71 cm
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effect of using synthetic fuels on co2 emissions: a compact passenger car that runs on natural gas emits 0.218 kg co2 per mile driven
The output of CO2 and other pollutants discharged into the environment can be greatly decreased by the use of synthetic gas and biofuel. Synthetic fuel for commercial flights and fuel for automobiles are still a long way off, though.
Does coal produce more CO2 than natural gas?When burned in a modern, efficient natural gas power station, natural gas emits 50 to 60 percent less carbon dioxide (CO2) than emissions from a typical new coal plant.
How does the environment get affected by burning natural gas?When burning natural gas for energy, less carbon dioxide (CO2) and almost all other air pollutants are released into the atmosphere compared to when burning coal or petroleum products for the same amount of energy.
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What liquids can I use for my science project? Its a density project and I am trying to find liquids that are not flammable (which means it is not a liquid that catches on fire for no reason), I can use liquids like water, juice, or anything just no flammable liquids at all. It can be syrup, honey, or anything however I am using honey so yeah.
Mercury has the highest density of any liquid. At room temperature, it is the only metal that is liquid.
What is density?Density is defined as the evaluation of how closely something is packed. The relationship between a substance's mass and the amount of space it occupies is known as its density. The concept of density is crucial because it enables us to predict which substances will float and which ones will sink in a liquid.
The density depends on mass and volume of the solution. It is directly proportional to mass and indirectly proportional to volume. So the substance with more mass will have high density.
Thus, mercury has the highest density of any liquid. At room temperature, it is the only metal that is liquid.
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Which compound is an exception to the octet rule?
H₂O
HCI
CCL
CIF 3
In three to five sentences, identify the type of bonding that would form between potassium (k) and chlorine (cl). Use electronegativity to justify this bond type. Provide the chemical formula for the resulting compound.
The chemical potassium chloride is created when one potassium ion and one chlorine ion interact in a specific ratio.
Chemical Compound: What is it?Chemical compounds are made up of several molecules, each of which is made up of an element and its constituent atoms in a specific ratio.
Covalent compounds and ionic compounds are the two different types of compounds. Ionic compounds are created by the total transfer of electrons, while covalent compounds are created by sharing electrons.
In response to our inquiry, sodium is a metal that may give an electron to chlorine in order to form an ionic bond. Because chlorine is more electronegative than sodium, it can easily absorb an electron from the latter.
The equation is balanced when
K⁺ + Cl⁻ → Kcl
Thus, it is clear from this that one potassium atom and one chlorine atom combine to produce the ionic compound potassium chloride.
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by what factor does a 100-fold increase in the concentration of h affect the number on the ph scale?
The increase in the concentration of H ions by 100 folds, decreases the pH by 2 units.
What is pH?
pH is the measure of the acidity or basicity of the aqueous solution or any given liquid which can be indicated by numbers ranging between 0-14. 7 is the neutral, anything below 7 is acidic and anything above 7 is taken as basic. It also is a measure of H ions in any given solution.
pH can be calculated as,
pH = -log [H+]
Ration of [H+], [H+2] / [H+1] =100
Change in pH, = pH2 - pH1 = -log [H+2] / [H+1] = -log [100] = -2
Therefore, pH decreases by 2 units, when the H ion concentration is increased by 100 folds. Here negative sign indicates the decrease in the pH.
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if 0.0304 mol cacl2 is dissolved in water to make a 0.400 m solution, what is the volume of the solution?
The volume of the solution is 0.01216 L
What is volume of a solution ?
A three-dimensional space's occupied volume is measured. It is frequently measured numerically with SI-derived units (such the cubic meter and litre) or with other imperial units (such as the gallon, quart, cubic inch). Volume and length are related in how they are defined (cubed). The volume of a container is typically thought of as its capacity, or the amount of fluid (gas or liquid) that it could hold, as opposed to the amount of space the container occupies.
Given ,
molarity (M )= 0.400 M
Number of mole ( n)= 0.0304 mol
Volume (V)=nM
V = 0.400 * 0.0304
V = 0.01216 L
Hence, volume of solution is 0.01216 L
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suppose that copper (i) phosphide (cu3p) is added as an impurity to vanadium (iii) phosphide (vp), what types of vacancies are likely to form
copper phosphate = c
Copper phosphate is the given compound.Cu₃(PO₄)₂Copper (II) phosphate is another name for it.Cupric salt of phosphoric acid is another name for it.The molar mass of this compound is 380.58 g/mol.It is light blue in color and comes in the form of powder.It is not water soluble.Mineral acids and ammonia dissolve it.Copper is the cation in this compound, while phosphate is the anion.When it comes into contact with strong acids like sulfuric acid, it produces phosphoric acid and copper salt.3 Cu2CO3(OH)2 + 4H3PO4 2Cu3(PO4)2 + 3CO2 + 9H2O
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Group 5A, period 3 element
drag and drop each of the following conditions so that it matches up with the type of shift it would create in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.
Left Shift: Lower temperature, lower 2,3-BPG concentration, lower PCO2 levels, higher pH. Right Shift: Increasing PCO2, increasing 2,3-BPG concentration, lowering pH, and raising temperature .
Explain what temperature is.Temperature is a unit used to represent hotness or coolness on any of a number of scales, including Fahrenheit and Celsius .Heat energy will logically go from a hotter (body with a higher temperature) to a colder (body with a lower temperature) according to temperature (one at a lower temperature).
What is the temperature unit?According to the International System of Units, Kelvin, which is denoted by the letter K, is the SI unit of temperature .The Kelvin scale is widely recognized or used in the scientific and technical disciplines. To measure temperature, however, the majority of the globe uses the Celsius or Fahrenheit scale.
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After the krebs cycle only a small portion of the energy of glucose has been converted to atp. At this point the majority of usable energy is contained in.
At this point, most of the available energy is contained in the reduced electron carriers NADH and FADH₂.
What is oxidative phosphorylation?Oxidative phosphorylation or electron transfer-associated phosphorylation or terminal oxidation is a metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients and release chemical energy to produce adenosine triphosphate. This takes place in mitochondria in eukaryotes.
Oxidative phosphorylation often produces the greatest amount of energy produced within the cell. The combination of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle of the Kreb cycle alone yields only four ATPs. Most or most of the remaining energy is stored in the electron carriers NADH and FADH₂.
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Calculate the amount (in mol ) in 8.80g of carbon dioxide CO2
Explanation:
please mark me as brainlist
6 kg of coal (carbon) is burned in air. what mass of carbon dioxide will be produced? ignoring any impurities in the coal, the chemical equation for this reaction is: c o2 → co2
Answer:
14kg
Explanation:
your equation is wrong ?
it is meant to be c+o=co
we have the mass of c so we calculate the mole and mole =mass\molar mass
molar mass(M) of carbon is 12 so our mole is
6/12=0.5 mol
note the unit of mole is mol
so since from the equation 1c+1o=1co we see that there is an invincible 1 there fore c and co is 1:1 so therefore o.5 mol of c will produce o.5 mol of Co
if the ratio was 1:2 it would have been therefore 0.5 mol of c will make 0.5/2 mol of Co.
but that is not the case so back to what we were saying. note(just saying and example,not part of answer )
to find mass of Co it will be mole = mass/ M
so mass= mole × molar mass and the molar mass of Co is (12)+(16)=28 kg/mol so our mass will be 0.5×28= 14kg
therefore the mass of Co is 14kg
