According to the New Trade Theory and Porter's Theory of National Competitive Advantage, government policies can play a crucial role in building a national competitive advantage in a particular industry. These theories suggest that strategic government intervention can help promote the growth and competitiveness of domestic industries.
The New Trade Theory emphasizes economies of scale, network effects, and first-mover advantages. Governments can implement policies such as subsidies, grants, and tax incentives to encourage domestic firms to enter and dominate specific industries. By supporting research and development, infrastructure development, and fostering collaboration between firms, governments can create an environment conducive to building a competitive advantage.
Porter's Theory of National Competitive Advantage focuses on four key factors: factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, and firm strategy, structure, and rivalry. Governments can influence these factors through policies that promote education and skills development, infrastructure investment, fostering a supportive business environment, and implementing regulations that protect domestic industries.
By implementing targeted policies, governments can nurture a supportive ecosystem for the industry, enhance its competitiveness, and create a positive cycle of growth and innovation. However, it is crucial for governments to strike a balance between intervention and market forces to avoid distorting competition or stifling innovation.
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because of market forces, firms have ________ when competition is widespread.
Because of market forces, firms have to become more efficient and innovative when competition is widespread. This is because in a highly competitive market, customers have a greater range of choices and are more likely to switch to a competitor if they feel they are not getting good value for their money.
As a result, firms need to constantly improve their products, services, and operations in order to stay ahead of their competitors and retain their customer base.
One way that firms can achieve this is by investing in research and development to create new and innovative products that can differentiate them from their competitors. They can also improve their operational efficiency by streamlining their processes and reducing costs, which can enable them to offer lower prices and compete more effectively.
In addition, firms may need to be more customer-focused and responsive to changing market demands in order to remain competitive. This may involve improving their customer service, listening to customer feedback, and adapting their marketing strategies to better meet the needs of their target market.
Overall, firms that are able to adapt to market forces and remain competitive are more likely to succeed and grow over time. By focusing on innovation, efficiency, and customer satisfaction, they can stay ahead of their competitors and thrive in a crowded marketplace.
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The cost of customer dissatisfaction due to defects in the purchased product is an example of: Multiple Choice EITHER EITHER prevention cost. external faults. appraisal cost internal failures
The cost of customer dissatisfaction due to defects in the purchased product is an example of internal failures.
Internal failures refer to defects or issues with a product that are identified before the product reaches the customer. These failures can result in dissatisfied customers, warranty claims, returns, or repairs, which incur costs for the company. When customers experience problems with a purchased product, it can lead to negative reviews, decreased customer loyalty, and potential damage to the company's reputation.
Companies strive to minimize internal failures by implementing quality control measures, conducting thorough product testing, and ensuring the manufacturing process meets certain standards. By preventing internal failures, businesses can reduce the cost of customer dissatisfaction and improve overall customer satisfaction.
In summary, the cost of customer dissatisfaction due to defects in the purchased product falls under the category of internal failures. It emphasizes the importance of preventing product defects to mitigate the financial and reputational consequences associated with unhappy customers.
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the process of adaptive leadership incorporates ideas from which perspectives?
The process of adaptive leadership incorporates ideas from various perspectives, including complexity theory, systems thinking, and neuroscience. Complexity theory emphasizes the importance of understanding the dynamic interactions between various components of a system and how they change over time.
Systems thinking recognizes the interconnectedness of different parts of an organization and how changes in one area can affect others. Neuroscience provides insights into how the brain processes information and influences behavior. Adaptive leadership also draws on ideas from behavioral economics, psychology, and sociology, among others.
This multidisciplinary approach enables leaders to adapt to changing circumstances, anticipate future challenges, and create effective solutions. It emphasizes the importance of being flexible, responsive, and proactive in leading complex organizations and navigating uncertain environments.
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This is a Debt Coverage Ratio or DCR question for part a and a CAP rate question for part b]. Wendy is going to purchase a commercial building and is working with a commercial lender at her local bank. The bank has some loan parameters that Wendy must follow. Understanding the rules will allow her to calculate her cash, income,
Wendy is going to purchase a commercial building and is working with a commercial lender at her local bank.
The bank has some loan parameters that Wendy must follow. Understanding the rules will allow her to calculate her cash, income, and expenses.
The bank requires a debt coverage ratio (DCR) of at least 1.25. This means that Wendy's net operating income (NOI) must be at least 1.25 times her debt service. NOI is calculated by subtracting operating expenses from gross income. Debt service is the amount of money that Wendy must pay each month on her loan.
The bank also requires a capitalization rate (CAP rate) of at least 8%. This means that the property must generate at least 8% of its purchase price in NOI each year.
Wendy can use these parameters to calculate her cash flow and determine if she can afford to purchase the property. If her NOI is not at least 1.25 times her debt service, or if her CAP rate is not at least 8%, then she will not be able to get a loan from the bank.
In addition to the bank's requirements, Wendy should also consider her own personal financial situation. She should make sure that she has enough money saved for a down payment and closing costs. She should also make sure that she can afford the monthly mortgage payments.
Purchasing a commercial property is a big decision. Wendy should carefully consider all of the factors involved before making a decision
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Intro LightWorks Inc. has a cost of equity of 8%. The firm will pay an annual dividend of $2.3 in one year and its dividends had been expected to grow by 6% per year thereafter. You just heard on the news that LightWorks has changed its growth forecasts and now expects its dividend to grow by 4% per year forever after the first year. What is the change in the intrinsic value of LightWorks (in $)? If you tried to sell LightWorks stock immediately after the news broadcast, what price would you most probably get? 0+ decimals Submit
The change in the intrinsic value of LightWorks is -$57.5.
To calculate the change in the intrinsic value of LightWorks due to the change in dividend growth forecasts, we need to compare the intrinsic value before and after the news.
Let's break down the information given:
Cost of equity = 8%
Annual dividend in one year = $2.3
Dividend growth rate before the news = 6%
Dividend growth rate after the first year (revised) = 4%
Using the Gordon Growth Model, the intrinsic value of a stock can be calculated as the present value of its future dividends. The formula is as follows:
Intrinsic Value = Dividend / (Cost of Equity - Dividend Growth Rate)
Before the news, the dividend growth rate was expected to be 6%:
Intrinsic Value Before = $2.3 / (0.08 - 0.06)
Intrinsic Value Before = $2.3 / 0.02
Intrinsic Value Before = $115
After the news, the dividend growth rate is revised to 4%:
Intrinsic Value After = $2.3 / (0.08 - 0.04)
Intrinsic Value After = $2.3 / 0.04
Intrinsic Value After = $57.5
The change in intrinsic value can be calculated as the difference between the values before and after the news:
Change in Intrinsic Value = Intrinsic Value After - Intrinsic Value Before
Change in Intrinsic Value = $57.5 - $115
Change in Intrinsic Value = -$57.5
The change in the intrinsic value of LightWorks is -$57.5.
If you tried to sell LightWorks stock immediately after the news broadcast, the price you would most probably get is the market price, which is influenced by various factors such as market sentiment, supply and demand dynamics, and investor reactions. Therefore, the actual price you would get may not precisely reflect the change in intrinsic value.
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Magnolia Incorporated has been concerned for some time with the financial performance of its product 1115 and has considered discontinuing it on several occasions. Data from the company's accounting system appear below: Sales $760,000 Variable Expenses $350,000 Fixed Manufacturing Expenses $258,000 Fixed Selling and Administrative Expenses $198,000 In the company's accounting system all fixed expenses of the company are fully allocated to products. Further investigation has revealed that $140,000 of the fixed manufacturing expenses and $100,000 of the fixed selling and administrative expenses are avoidable it product 1115 is discontinued. What would be the effect on the company's overall net operating income il product 1115 were dropped? O a. $170,000.00 O b. $40,000.00 O c. $270,000.00 Od $310,000.00
The effect on the company's overall net operating income, if product 1115 were dropped, would be an increase of $240,000. (The options provided do not include the correct answer.)
Calculate the company's current net operating income and compare it to the net operating income without product 1115 to estimate the impact of dropping it.
Operating profit:
Sales $760,000 - $350,000 - $258,000 - $198,000 = $760,000 - $806,000 = -$46,000 (loss)
Sales minus product 1115: Variable Expenses (excluding product 1115). Fixed Manufacturing, Selling, and Administrative Expenses (excluding avoidable portion) = $760,000 - ($350,000 - $0) - ($258,000 - $140,000) - ($198,000 - $100,000) = $760,000 - $350,000 - $118,000 - $98,000 = $194,000
$240,000 would enhance the company's net operating income.
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can be directly tied to providing patient care services, and generally vary with the number of patients being cared for in the facility at any specific time.
In healthcare, workforce management is vital because it can be directly linked to providing patient care services.
Staffing levels generally vary with the number of patients being cared for in the facility at any specific time. The goal of workforce management is to ensure that there is an adequate number of trained staff available to deliver high-quality patient care services at all times. There are several key factors that influence workforce management in healthcare. One of the most critical is the number of patients being cared for in the facility at any given time. When there are more patients than staff available to care for them, there can be negative consequences for patient care, including longer wait times, lower quality of care, and increased rates of medical errors. Another key factor that influences workforce management in healthcare is the type of care being provided. Different types of care require different levels of staffing, and it is important for healthcare organizations to have a system in place to ensure that the appropriate number of staff is available to provide each type of care. Finally, workforce management in healthcare is also influenced by the skills and experience of the staff. Hiring and training qualified staff is essential to ensuring that patients receive the highest quality of care possible. Overall, workforce management is a critical component of providing high-quality patient care services in healthcare. Adequate staffing levels, appropriate skill sets, and efficient scheduling practices are all key factors that contribute to successful workforce management in healthcare.
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Please answer the questions regarding the following chart (10 Points)
Output Fixed Cost Variable Cost Total Revenue
3 $100 $200 $400
4 $100 $300 $500
a) Find the total cost of 3 units.
b) Find the average cost of 4 units.
c) Find the marginal cost of 4 units.
d) Find the marginal revenue of 4 units.
e) What is the equilibrium output and why.
a) The total cost of producing 3 units is $300. b) The average cost of producing 4 units is $100. c) The marginal cost of producing 4 units is $100. d) The marginal revenue of producing 4 units is $200. e) The equilibrium output is 4 units.
a) To find the total cost of 3 units, we add the fixed cost and variable cost for that level of output. In this case, the fixed cost is $100 and the variable cost is $200, so the total cost is $300.
b) The average cost is calculated by dividing the total cost by the number of units produced. For 4 units, the total cost is $300, so the average cost is $300/4 = $75.
c) The marginal cost is the additional cost incurred by producing one more unit. In this case, the variable cost for producing 4 units is $300, and for producing 3 units it is $200. Therefore, the marginal cost of producing 4 units is $300 - $200 = $100.
d) The marginal revenue is the additional revenue generated by selling one more unit. Since the total revenue for 3 units is $400 and for 4 units it is $500, the marginal revenue of producing 4 units is $500 - $400 = $100.
e) The equilibrium output is determined by the point where marginal cost equals marginal revenue. In this case, when producing 4 units, both the marginal cost and marginal revenue are $100.
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to build her employees’ resilience, civia is instituting ________, such as redesigning jobs and offering career counseling.
To build her employees’ resilience, Civia is instituting several strategies, such as redesigning jobs and offering career counseling.
The company aims to foster resilience among its employees to promote their well-being and improve productivity.
Redesigning jobs involves altering the roles and responsibilities of employees to make them more manageable and reduce stress levels. This strategy seeks to create jobs that are flexible, offer room for growth and development, and promote a sense of purpose and motivation among employees. Career counseling, on the other hand, is an essential component of fostering employee resilience. It seeks to help employees identify their goals, skills, and interests, and align them with the company's mission and vision. This strategy helps employees develop a sense of purpose and direction, which in turn, improves their engagement, job satisfaction, and motivation to work. Moreover, career counseling also provides employees with the skills and knowledge needed to navigate challenges and develop strategies for managing stress and adversity.Civia recognizes that promoting resilience among employees is essential for their well-being and that of the organization. By instituting various strategies, such as redesigning jobs and offering career counseling, Civia is investing in its employees' long-term success and growth.
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Consider the following project. Assurne that all activities have the same non-zero slopes.
In a project where all activities have the same non-zero slopes, the critical path will be determined by the activity duration.
In a project, the critical path refers to the sequence of activities that determines the shortest time needed to complete the project. It represents the longest path through the project network, where any delay in activities along this path will directly impact the project's overall duration.
When all activities have the same non-zero slopes, it means that the duration of each activity is the same, and none of them have zero duration (i.e., they all take some time to complete). In this case, the critical path will be determined solely by the activity duration.
Since all activities have the same duration, they all contribute equally to the project's total duration. As a result, the critical path will consist of all the activities in the project network. Any delay in any of these activities will extend the project's duration by the same amount.
In this scenario, it is crucial to closely monitor the progress of activities on the critical path. Any delay or deviation from the planned schedule in any of these activities can directly impact the project's timeline. Therefore, effective project management practices, such as resource allocation, task prioritization, and efficient coordination, are essential to ensure the project stays on track.
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TRUE/FALSE:
Q. In a project work and activities, ethical issues are occurring only between internal stakeholders (project team memebrs and the management; among project team memebrs, etc.), but not between project manager and external stakeholders
False. Ethical issues can occur between project managers and external stakeholders as well. Project managers often interact with various external stakeholders.
Such as clients, suppliers, contractors, and regulatory authorities. In these interactions, ethical dilemmas can arise, such as conflicts of interest, bribery, misrepresentation, or unfair treatment. Project managers have a responsibility to act ethically and ensure fair and transparent dealings with external stakeholders. They must adhere to professional codes of conduct and ethical standards in managing relationships and making decisions.
That impact both the project and the external stakeholders involved. Their lack of cultural understanding and failure to adapt to local contexts could have contributed to the challenges faced. Ultimately, the failure of the project can be attributed to a lack of effective collaboration and communication between the Ghanaian and Korean partners, resulting in boardroom conflicts and project delays.
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IFRS 15( Five-Step revenue recognition process) :
Identify performance obligations & allocate price (steps
2-4)
21. Identify performance obligations & allocate price (steps 2-4) MediTech AG enters into a contract with Hospital Fullcare for the sale of a medical imaging device and related post-contract support s
Identifying the performance obligations and allocating the price is the third step of the Five-Step Revenue Recognition process.
Identifying the performance obligations and allocating the price is the third step in the Five-Step Revenue Recognition process. MediTech AG enters into a contract with Hospital Full Care for the sale of a medical imaging device and related post-contract support services. Performance obligations must be identified in the contract, which can be standalone goods and services or goods and services bundled together. In addition, the transaction price must be allocated among these performance obligations.
This is accomplished by determining the standalone selling price of each performance obligation and then allocating the transaction price based on the relative standalone selling prices of each performance obligation. Once the performance obligations have been identified and the transaction price has been allocated, MediTech AG can recognize revenue in accordance with the performance obligations it has fulfilled.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of publicity?
Group of answer choices
It is usually free.
It is considered objective.
\It is under full control of the brand.
It is considered credible.
The option that is NOT a characteristic of publicity is "It is under full control of the brand."Publicity is not under full control of the brand.
Publicity is defined as any non-personal communication that is designed to inform, persuade, or remind target audiences about a product, service, organization, or idea that is not directly paid for or run by the brand.It's also important to mention that publicity is not controlled by the brand because the media determines the coverage, the message, and the editorial context in which the message appears. Therefore, it is considered an earned media or a form of free media that brands have no direct control over. In other words, the media determines whether the brand will receive positive or negative publicity.
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QUESTION 1 Using the EOQ method, how many orders must a company have per year, if they sell 7022 cars a year, have a fleed cost per order of 18 and an inventory carrying cost of 0.00 por unit QUESTION
To calculate the number of orders per year using the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) method, we need to know the annual demand, the fixed cost per order, and the inventory carrying cost per unit. In this case:
Annual demand (D) = 7022 cars
Fixed cost per order (S) = $18
Inventory carrying cost per unit (H) = $0.00
The EOQ formula is:
EOQ = sqrt((2 * D * S) / H)
Substituting the given values into the formula:
EOQ = sqrt((2 * 7022 * 18) / 0.00)
= sqrt(252396)
≈ 502.37
Since you cannot have a fraction of an order, the company would need to place approximately 503 orders per year to meet the demand for 7022 cars annually.
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1 Historically the EU’s protection of fundamental rights has been weak and – despite the entry into force of the Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFREU) – remains so.
Critically discuss the above statement by focusing on the sources of EU fundamental rights law included in Article 6 TEU.
The EU's protection of fundamental rights remains weak.
The statement "Historically the EU’s protection of fundamental rights has been weak and – despite the entry into force of the Charter of Fundamental Rights (CFREU) – remains so" is accurate in highlighting the EU's inability to protect fundamental rights. This is mainly due to the sources of EU fundamental rights law included in Article 6 TEU.The sources of EU fundamental rights law included in Article 6 TEU have been insufficient to address the gaps in EU protection of fundamental rights. They include the CFR, the ECHR, and national constitutional traditions. However, while these instruments provide a framework for the protection of fundamental rights in the EU, they have limitations.For example, the CFR is not legally binding on member states, and the ECHR is not directly enforceable within the EU. Therefore, the lack of clarity and direct enforcement mechanisms provided by these sources of law has made it difficult to protect fundamental rights effectively within the EU. As a result, the EU's protection of fundamental rights remains weak.
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For each of the following state whether each person is employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force if the survey was taken today. Then explain why you answered the way you did.
a. Someone who was laid off 6 months ago, hasn’t worked since, and went on an interview the previous week.
b. A full-time student who is searching for a part-time job
c. A parent who leaves their job to stay home with their children full time.
d. Someone who was laid off 1 year ago, hasn’t worked since, and went on an interview 6 weeks ago.
e. A person who retired 2 years ago, but last week began looking for a new part-time job
a. Someone who was laid off 6 months ago, hasn’t worked since, and went on an interview the previous week - Unemployed Reason: The person is currently looking for a job after being laid off for six months. This person would be classified as unemployed.
b. A full-time student who is searching for a part-time job -
Unemployed Reason: The person is not currently employed, but they are searching for a job. This person would be classified as unemployed.
c. A parent who leaves their job to stay home with their children full time -
Not in the labor forceReason: The person has chosen to leave the labor force and stay home with their children full time. This person is not counted as part of the labor force.
d. Someone who was laid off 1 year ago, hasn’t worked since, and went on an interview 6 weeks ago - UnemployedReason: The person is currently looking for a job after being laid off for a year. This person would be classified as not employed.
e. A person who retired 2 years ago, but last week began looking for a new part-time job -
Employed Reason: The person is currently seeking work and is available for work. This person would be classified as employed.
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Generally speaking, what is the impact of a tariff on total surplus (consumer-producer)? a) It causes total surplus to rise. b) It has no effect on total surplus. c) Tariff has nothing to do with t
c) Tariff has nothing to do with total surplus. The impact of a tariff on total surplus depends on various factors, including the specific market conditions and elasticity of demand and supply.
In general, tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods, which increase the price of those goods in the domestic market. This can lead to several effects on total surplus.
In some cases, tariffs can lead to a decrease in consumer surplus because consumers have to pay higher prices for imported goods. Additionally, tariffs can reduce the quantity of imports and limit consumer choices. On the other hand, tariffs can increase producer surplus by protecting domestic industries and allowing them to charge higher prices.
However, the overall impact on total surplus is not straightforward and depends on the specific circumstances. It is possible that the negative effects on consumer surplus outweigh the positive effects on producer surplus, resulting in a decrease in total surplus. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that tariffs always cause total surplus to rise or have no effect.
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which forecasting model is based upon salespersons' estimates of expected sales
The forecasting model based on salespersons' estimates of expected sales is typically referred to as the "Sales Force Composite" or "Sales Force Opinion" model.
This approach involves soliciting sales representatives' opinions and judgments to forecast future sales.
In the Sales Force Composite model, salespeople provide their individual sales forecasts for a particular period, typically based on their knowledge of customer behavior, market trends, and their own sales pipeline. These individual forecasts are then aggregated and combined to create an overall sales forecast for the organization.
The Sales Force Composite model assumes that salespeople, being in direct contact with customers and having firsthand knowledge of the market, can provide valuable insights into future sales trends. However, it's important to note that this method relies heavily on the subjective opinions and judgments of salespeople and may be influenced by individual biases, incomplete information, or optimistic/pessimistic outlooks.
While the Sales Force Composite model can be a useful tool, it's often recommended to combine it with other quantitative forecasting methods, such as statistical analysis or historical data modeling, to improve the accuracy and reliability of sales forecasts.
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Which of the following is a fraud risk factor for misappropriation of assets?
(a) Financial stability or profitability is threatened by economic, industry, or entity operating conditions.
(b) Marginal ability to meet requirements of exchange listing, debt repayment, or debt covenant.
(c) Inability to generate positive cash flows from operations while reporting earnings growth.
(d) None of the above.
The correct answer is Option (d) is the fraud risk factor for asset theft.
Options (a), (b), and (c) may suggest financial issues in an organization, but they are not fraud risk factors for asset misappropriation. Fraud risk factors for asset misappropriation often comprise circumstances that allow individuals to misuse an organization's assets for personal benefit. Inadequate segregation of roles, weak internal controls, lack of authorization procedures, monitoring systems, and management override of safeguards can lead to asset misappropriation fraud. These variables enable financial record manipulation, embezzlement, and firm resource misuse. By having strong internal controls, promoting ethical behavior, performing regular audits, and fostering a strong ethical culture, organizations can mitigate these fraud risk factors.
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Compare and contrast Michael Armstrong's total reward model with
Tower Perrin's total reward model. Conclude which model is more
effective for employee retention, attraction, and motivation?
Michael Armstrong's total reward model and Tower Perrin's total reward model are both effective in terms of employee retention, attraction, and motivation. However, both of them are distinct models with different strategies, features, and characteristics. In this answer, I will compare and contrast both models to provide you with an overview of both models and which one is more effective for employee retention, attraction, and motivation.
Michael Armstrong's Total Reward Model: The total reward model proposed by Michael Armstrong aims to bring together various monetary and non-monetary rewards, including benefits and opportunities to develop and advance in the organization. This model suggests that organizations should develop a reward system that comprises different elements that support the organization's goals, values, and strategies. The key components of Michael Armstrong's total reward model Tower Perrin's Total Reward Model.
The total reward model proposed by Tower Perrin is also focused on integrating monetary and non-monetary rewards and benefits. This model suggests that organizations should provide a comprehensive rewards package that includes different elements, such as a competitive salary, benefits, and recognition. The key components of Tower Perrin's total reward model are: Compensation, Benefits Work-life balance, Career development opportunities, Performance and recognition; Effective communication. Comparison between Michael Armstrong's and Tower Perrin's Total Reward Models Both models are effective in attracting, retaining, and motivating employees. However, Armstrong's model is focused on developing a comprehensive reward system that combines different rewards elements, while Tower Perrin's model emphasizes creating an effective communication strategy to ensure employees understand their rewards package. Armstrong's model is more suitable for organizations that have a structured approach towards rewards and want to develop a comprehensive and integrated system that aligns with their overall objectives. On the other hand, Tower Perrin's model is more suitable for organizations that want to communicate their rewards package more effectively to employees to ensure they understand their value to the company. In conclusion, both models are effective in their ways, and the choice between them depends on the organization's requirements. However, Armstrong's model may be more effective in employee retention, attraction, and motivation as it provides a comprehensive and integrated reward system that aligns with the organization's objectives.
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Jennifer, a Raptor fan, plans to make Tshirts for the basketball fans. 300 units $40 per cap Expected sales Selling price Direct material Direct labour S9 per cap S4 per cap Variable overhead S3 per cap S2 per cap Variable selling commission Fixed sell. & admin. expense Fixed factory overhead 5800 total $1,000 total Using the above information answer the following questions. What is the total variable cost per unit? 12000 What is the total fixed costs? 1447 What is the contribution margin per unit? 56 What is the contribution margin ratio? HINT: Remember the entry rules for percentages. 40 A What is the break-even number of T-shirts? A/ What is the variable cost ratio? HINT: Remember the entry rules for percentages. A/ What is the break-even in sales dollars? The company would like to earn a target income of $3.060. How many T-shirts will the company have to sell in order to earn this target income? A The company would like to earn a target income of $3.060. The total sales revenue required to earn an income this target income is $
The total variable cost per unit is $18. The total fixed costs are $1447. The contribution margin per unit is $22. The contribution margin ratio is 55% (or 0.55). Since you cannot sell a fraction of a T-shirt, you would need to sell at least 140 T-shirts to earn a target income of $3,060.
The break-even number of T-shirts can be calculated using the following formula:
Break-Even Quantity = Fixed Costs / (Sales Price per Unit – Variable Cost Per Unit)
In this case, the fixed costs are $1447 and the variable cost per unit is $18. The selling price per unit is $40. Therefore, the break-even number of T-shirts is:
Break-Even Quantity = $1447 / ($40 - $18) = 72.35
Since you cannot sell a fraction of a T-shirt, you would need to sell at least 73 T-shirts to break even.
The variable cost ratio can be calculated using the following formula:
Variable Cost Ratio = Variable Costs / Sales
In this case, the variable costs are $18 per unit and the selling price per unit is $40. Therefore, the variable cost ratio is:
Variable Cost Ratio = ($18 / $40) x 100% = 45%
The break-even in sales dollars can be calculated using the following formula:
Break-Even Sales = Break-Even Quantity x Sales Price per Unit
In this case, the break-even quantity is 73 units and the selling price per unit is $40. Therefore, the break-even in sales dollars is:
Break-Even Sales = 73 x $40 = $2920
To earn a target income of $3,060, you would need to sell:
Target Income / Contribution Margin Per Unit = Number of Units to Sell
$3,060 / $22 = 139.09
Since you cannot sell a fraction of a T-shirt, you would need to sell at least 140 T-shirts to earn a target income of $3,060.
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FILL THE BLANK. "In performance appraisal, ____________ describes the rater error
where supervisors tend to rate everyone either high or low.
2.
Various techniques are employed by HR managers to enhance
performance on"
In performance appraisal, central tendency error describes the rater error where supervisors tend to rate everyone either high or low. Central tendency is a type of rater bias that happens when the supervisor avoids extreme ratings and selects moderate or middle ratings.
The central tendency error is a common mistake that is usually done by supervisors to avoid being too critical or too lenient on employees. It can result in an inaccurate assessment of employee performance. There are various techniques employed by HR managers to enhance performance on an employee's performance appraisal. One technique is to provide feedback to employees on their performance and development areas. HR managers can also establish clear performance goals and expectations. They can also provide training and development opportunities to help employees improve their skills and knowledge. Another technique is to use a well-designed performance management system that includes regular check-ins, goal setting, and performance evaluations. By using these techniques, HR managers can improve the accuracy and fairness of employee performance appraisals.
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Q8. Explain briefly how to use the expected loss index in decision making with numerical example.
An expected loss index is a decision-making tool that assesses the potential losses associated with different choices or scenarios. It helps in evaluating the risks and selecting the option with the lowest expected loss.
The expected loss index combines the probability of occurrence of an event with the potential loss associated with that event. It is calculated by multiplying the probability of each possible outcome by its respective loss value and summing them up. By comparing the expected loss values of different alternatives, decision-makers can make informed choices that minimize potential losses.
For example, let's consider a manufacturing company deciding between two suppliers for a critical component. Supplier A has a 10% chance of delivering defective parts with a potential loss of $10,000, while Supplier B has a 5% chance of delivering defective parts with a potential loss of $8,000. To calculate the expected loss index, we multiply the probability of occurrence by the potential loss for each supplier.
For Supplier A: Expected Loss = 10% * $10,000 = $1,000
For Supplier B: Expected Loss = 5% * $8,000 = $400
Comparing the expected loss values, Supplier B has a lower expected loss index of $400 compared to Supplier A's $1,000. Therefore, choosing Supplier B would result in a lower expected loss for the company.
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Required:
1. Determine Shadee's budgeted total sales for May and June.
2. Determine Shadee's budgeted production in units for May and June.
Required information
Each visor requires a total of $5.00 in direct materials that include an adjustable closure that the company purchases from a supplier for $2.00 each. Shadee wants to have 29 closures on hand on May 1, 23 closures on May 31, and 23 closures on June 30. Additionally, Shadee?s fixed manufacturing overhead is $1,000 per month, and variable manufacturing overhead is $2.75 per unit produced.
Required:
1. Determine Shadee's budgeted cost of closures purchased for May and June. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
2. Determine Shadee's budget manufacturing overhead for May and June. (Do not round your intermediate values. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
Required information
Suppose that each visor takes 0.20 direct labor hours to produce and Shadee pays its workers $7 per hour.
Required:
Determine Shadee's budgeted direct labor cost for May and June. (Do not round your intermediate values. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
Hints References eBook & Resources Hint #1 WorksheetDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 08-03d Prepare the following components of the operating budget: Direct labor budget. eBook: Prepare the following components of the operating budget: Direct labor budget. Check my work 4. value: 10.00 points
Required information
Each visor requires a total of $5.00 in direct materials that include an adjustable closure that the company purchases from a supplier for $2.00 each. Shadee wants to have 29 closures on hand on May 1, 23 closures on May 31, and 23 closures on June 30 and variable manufacturing overhead are $2.75 per unit produced. Suppose that each visor takes 0.20 direct labor hours to produce and Shadee pays its workers $7 per hour.
Required: 1. Determine Shadee?s budgeted manufacturing cost per visor. (Note: Assume that fixed overhead per unit is $1.70.) (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
2. Compute the Shadee?s budgeted cost of goods sold for May and June. (Do not round your intermediate values. Use rounded cost per unit in intermediate calculations.)
Hints References eBook & Resources Hint #1 WorksheetDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 08-03f Prepare the following components of the operating budget: Cost of goods sold budget. eBook: Prepare the following components of the operating budget: Cost of goods sold budget. Check my work 5. value: 10.00 points
Required information Each visor requires a total of $5.00 in direct materials that include an adjustable closure that the company purchases from a supplier for $2.00 each. Shadee wants to have 29 closures on hand on May 1, 23 closures on May 31, and 23 closures on June 30. Additionally, Shadee?s fixed manufacturing overhead is $1,000 per month, and variable manufacturing overhead is $2.75 per unit produced. Each visor takes 0.20 direct labor hours to produce and Shadee pays its workers $7 per hour.
Additional information:
Selling costs are expected to be 10 percent of sales.
Fixed administrative expenses per month total of $1,200.
Required:
Determine Shadee's budgeted selling and administrative expenses for May and June. (Do not round your intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
The budgeted direct labor cost for May and June are $2,100 and $3,080 respectively. Its budgeted manufacturing cost per visor is $12.07. The budgeted cost of goods sold for May and June are $18,105 and $26,554 respectively. The budgeted selling and administrative expenses for May and June are $4,200 and $5,600 respectively.
Budgeted Total Sales for May and June:The company's budgeted total sales for May and June can be calculated as follows: May: Total budgeted units for May = 1,500Opening inventory of units for May = 0Total units needed for May = 1,500Closing inventory of units for May = 300Units to be produced for May = 1,200June: Total budgeted units for June = 2,200Opening inventory of units for June = 300Total units needed for June = 2,500Closing inventory of units for June = 200Units to be produced for June = 2,300Budgeted Cost of Closures Purchased for May and June:The number of closures Shadee should purchase for May and June can be calculated as follows: May: Closures needed in May = 1,200 × 2 = 2,400Closures on hand on May 1st = 29Closures to be purchased in May = 2,400 − 29 − 23 = 2,348Cost of closures to be purchased in May = 2,348 × $2.00 = $4,696June: Closures needed in June = 2,300 × 2 = 4,600Closures on hand on June 1st = 23Closures to be purchased in June = 4,600 − 23 − 23 = 4,554Cost of closures to be purchased in June = 4,554 × $2.00 = $9,108Budgeted Manufacturing Overhead for May and June:The company's budgeted manufacturing overhead for May and June can be calculated as follows:May: Fixed manufacturing overhead = $1,000Variable manufacturing overhead = 1,200 × $2.75 = $3,300Total manufacturing overhead = $4,300June: Fixed manufacturing overhead = $1,000Variable manufacturing overhead = 2,300 × $2.75 = $6,325Total manufacturing overhead = $7,325Budgeted Direct Labor Cost for May and June:The company's budgeted direct labor cost for May and June can be calculated as follows:May: Total budgeted units for May = 1,500Direct labor hours per unit = 0.20Total direct labor hours needed in May = 1,500 × 0.20 = 300Direct labor cost per hour = $7.00Total budgeted direct labor cost in May = 300 × $7.00 = $2,100June: Total budgeted units for June = 2,200Direct labor hours per unit = 0.20Total direct labor hours needed in June = 2,200 × 0.20 = 440Direct labor cost per hour = $7.00Total budgeted direct labor cost in June = 440 × $7.00 = $3,080Budgeted Manufacturing Cost per Visor:The company's budgeted manufacturing cost per visor can be calculated as follows: Direct materials cost = $5.00Direct labor cost = (0.20 × $7.00) = $1.40Variable manufacturing overhead cost = ($2.75 × 1.20) = $3.30Fixed manufacturing overhead cost = ($1,000 ÷ 1,500) + ($1.70) = $2.37Total manufacturing cost per visor = $5.00 + $1.40 + $3.30 + $2.37 = $12.07Budgeted Cost of Goods Sold for May and June:The company's budgeted cost of goods sold for May and June can be calculated as follows:May: Total budgeted units for May = 1,500Manufacturing cost per unit = $12.07Total manufacturing cost for May = 1,500 × $12.07 = $18,105June: Total budgeted units for June = 2,200Manufacturing cost per unit = $12.07Total manufacturing cost for June = 2,200 × $12.07 = $26,554Budgeted Selling and Administrative Expenses for May and June:The company's budgeted selling and administrative expenses for May and June can be calculated as follows:May: Budgeted total sales for May = 1,500 × $20.00 = $30,000Selling expenses = 10% × $30,000 = $3,000Fixed administrative expenses = $1,200Total selling and administrative expenses for May = $3,000 + $1,200 = $4,200June: Budgeted total sales for June = 2,200 × $20.00 = $44,000Selling expenses = 10% × $44,000 = $4,400Fixed administrative expenses = $1,200Total selling and administrative expenses for June = $4,400 + $1,200 = $5,600Therefore, the Shadee's budgeted total sales for May and June are $30,000 and $44,000 respectively. Its budgeted production in units for May and June are 1,200 and 2,300 respectively. The budgeted cost of closures purchased for May and June are $4,696 and $9,108 respectively. Its budget manufacturing overhead for May and June are $4,300 and $7,325 respectively. The budgeted direct labor cost for May and June are $2,100 and $3,080 respectively. Its budgeted manufacturing cost per visor is $12.07. The budgeted cost of goods sold for May and June are $18,105 and $26,554 respectively. The budgeted selling and administrative expenses for May and June are $4,200 and $5,600 respectively.
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According to government data, the probability that an adult was never in a museum is 15%. In a random survey of 10 adults, what is the probability that two or fewer were never in a museum? Round to the nearest thousandth. a. 0.800 b. 0.200 c. 0.820 d. 0.002
The probability that an adult was never in a museum is 15%. The probability that two or fewer were never in a museum is option is (c) 0.820.
We need to find the probability that two or fewer were never in a museum for a random survey of 10 adults.We need to use the Binomial distribution to solve this question. The Binomial distribution is used for a finite set of n independent trials, each with two possible outcomes, which we can call "success" and "failure."We can use the following formula to solve the question:
P(X≤2) = P(X=0)+P(X=1)+P(X=2)P(X) = C(n, x)p^xq^n-x
Where n = 10, x = 0, 1, 2,
p = 0.15, q = 0.85 P(X≤2)
= P(X=0)+P(X=1)+P(X=2)P(X=0)
= C(10, 0) (0.15)^0(0.85)^10
= 0.196 (to 3 decimal places)P(X=1)
= C(10, 1) (0.15)^1(0.85)^9 = 0.364 (to 3 decimal places)P(X=2)
= C(10, 2) (0.15)^2(0.85)^8
= 0.311 (to 3 decimal places)P(X≤2)
= P(X=0)+P(X=1)+P(X=2)
= 0.196+0.364+0.311
= 0.871 (rounded to 3 decimal places)
Therefore, the probability that two or fewer were never in a museum for a random survey of 10 adults is 0.871 (rounded to the nearest thousandth),
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Which of the following is not a feature of workers' compensation?
a. It is a generous program with a typically high after-tax replacement rate.
b. Premiums paid may vary depending on past WC claims made on the company.
c. It is difficult to assess the validity of claims for this type of insurance.
d. Payments to fund this insurance are made by employers not employees.
e. It is necessary to successfully sue the employer to be entitled to payments
"It is necessary to successfully sue the employer to be entitled to payments" is not a feature of workers' compensation, as it does not require successfully suing the employer to be entitled to payments.
Workers' compensation is a form of insurance that provides benefits to employees who suffer work-related injuries or illnesses. Option E is incorrect because it suggests that successfully suing the employer is necessary to receive payments, which is not the case in workers' compensation.
Option A is incorrect because workers' compensation programs vary, and the replacement rate may not always be high or generous. Option B is a feature of workers' compensation as premiums can be influenced by the company's past claims history. Option C is true to some extent, as assessing the validity of claims can be challenging due to potential fraudulent claims or difficulty in establishing the cause and severity of the injury or illness.
Option D is accurate, as the payments to fund workers' compensation insurance are typically made by employers through premiums or other mechanisms, rather than employees directly paying for it.
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two council members have the same major and are not permitted to serve together on a committee. how many ways can a committee of seven be selected from the membership of the council?
Given that two council members have the same major and are not permitted to serve together on a committee and we need to find how many ways a committee of seven can be selected from the membership of the council. The total number of ways we can form a committee of seven with the given conditions is given by: C(10,5) - C(2,1) * C(8,4) = 252 - 2 * 70 = 112.
We can begin by first selecting five members of the committee, such that none of the two members with the same major are selected. These two members have to be excluded from the selection of the committee because of the given conditions. The number of ways we can do this selection is given by:
C(10,5) - C(2,1) * C(8,4)where C(n,r) denotes the number of combinations of n items taken r at a time.
The first term is the total number of committees that we can form if we did not have any restrictions. Since there are 10 members on the council, we can select any 5 of them for the committee. The second term is the number of committees that we cannot form because of the given conditions. We first choose one of the two members with the same major, and then we choose 4 other members from the remaining 8 members who do not have the same major as the one we have chosen. Hence, the number of committees that cannot be formed is given by C(2,1) * C(8,4).
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Markets The market is characterized by a growing middle class who has a higher disposable income and is able to buy more products and the keen willingness to invest in wellness programs. This is seen in the rise of the number of gymnasiums across the region and exponential growth of health chains selling healthcare products and supplements. Analysts are optimistic about this sector in the long term. Assignment Your task is to prepare a report focusing on the following: 2. What is the impact on customer service level when only four (4) warehouses are now serving the entire ASEAN region? [20 marks]
In the case that only four (4) warehouses serve the entire ASEAN region, the impact on customer service level would be negative. It's because customers would have to travel longer distances to get to the warehouses and the cost of transporting goods will be much higher. This expansion would help reduce transportation costs, enhance the delivery of products, and improve customer satisfaction levels.
This increase in cost would make products more expensive, and customers might turn to less expensive options. The 4 warehouses might not have enough capacity to store all the products needed to meet the growing demand of customers in the region.
Consequently, the stocks available for customers might be limited, and they may not find what they want. This would also affect the reputation of the company, which could result in a loss of customers. There might be a delay in delivering goods to customers, as the warehouses may not be close to all customers. There is also a likelihood of longer delivery times, which might not be convenient for the customers who might turn to other brands that can provide quicker delivery times.
As a result, there might be a decline in customer loyalty. This could lead to a loss of market share and revenue. It is highly important to expand the number of warehouses in the region to meet the growing demand for healthcare products and services. This expansion would help reduce transportation costs, enhance the delivery of products, and improve customer satisfaction levels.
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During the year, the Managing Director of Fife plc initiated a period of staff retraining and new marketing initiatives. External consultants have quantified the future benefits over the three years to 31 March 2024 at £2 million. The company incurred training costs of £900,000 and marketing costs of £600,000 both of which have been recognised as intangible assets. The accounting policy note in the draft financial statements states that these intangible assets are being amortised over a three-year period commencing on 1 April 2021. REQUIRED: Prepare a brief report explaining the accounting treatments for these costs at the 31 March 2021 year-end. You should cite relevant accounting regulations in your answer (5 marks) (2) You are an auditor preparing a statement of cash flows for Berwick plc and have been unable to work out why the cash balances are so high. An amount in excess of £500,000 has come into the various bank accounts in regular amounts over the course of the year which does not tie into any invoices. When you asked the managing director about this he referred to 'consultancy services provided by Berwick plc to 'overseas companies' and said it hadn't been invoiced because it wasn't part of the company's normal business activities. When you attempted to question him further he said that there was nothing more you needed to know and that you should remember that you have a professional duty to maintain confidentiality. REQUIRED: Consider the ethical issues arising in this case. (6 marks) (3) Property, plant and equipment in the draft statement of financial position of Dalbeatie Ltd includes the site costs and construction costs of a new oil refinery. The refinery was completed and ready for use on 1 April 2021 and was expected to have a useful life of 10 years. Dalbeatie Ltd has a well-publicised policy of always making good any environmental damage caused by its activities. The estimated cost of reinstating the environment at the end of the useful life of the refinery is £2.3 million which has a present value of £1,065,345 at 1 April 2021. Dalbeatie Ltd has a cost of capital of 8%. REQUIRED Prepare a brief report explaining the accounting treatments for these costs at the 31 March 2022 year-end. You should cite relevant accounting regulations in your answer. (8 marks) (4) Annan Ltd relocated its Head Office to an area with high unemployment as the government offered the opportunity to apply for a £255,000 financial assistance grant for staff costs. Conditions of the financial assistance include the need for Annan Ltd to maintain specific staff numbers for three years. Annan Ltd's application was approved and the full amount was received on 1 November 2021. The amount of £255,000 was included as 'other income' in the statement of profit or loss for the year to 31 December 2021. REQUIRED Prepare a brief report explaining the accounting treatments for £255,000 in the 31 December 2021 financial statements. You should cite relevant accounting regulations in your answer. (6 marks)
The first scenario involves the accounting treatment of training and marketing costs incurred by Fife plc. These costs have been recognized as intangible assets and are being amortized over a three-year period, as stated in the accounting policy note.
According to relevant accounting regulations, such as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), intangible assets should be recognized and measured based on their future economic benefits. In this case, Fife plc incurred training costs of £900,000 and marketing costs of £600,000, both of which have been recognized as intangible assets. These costs are expected to provide future benefits, quantified at £2 million over three years. Therefore, the costs are being amortized evenly over the three-year period, starting from April 1, 2021.
The second scenario involves high cash balances in the bank accounts of Berwick plc, with an excess amount of £500,000. The managing director mentioned consultancy services provided to overseas companies as the reason for the un-invoiced cash inflows while emphasizing the auditor's duty to maintain confidentiality.
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According to Levi and Askay (2021), which of the following types of team is faster to develop cohesion and high team performance?
a.Asian Teams
b.multi national teams
c.individualistic teams, for example from the USA
d.Top heavy teams
According to Levi and Askay (2021), the type of team that is faster to develop cohesion and high team performance is multi-national teams. The correct answer is option b.
This is because multi-national teams tend to have greater diversity in terms of culture, language, and perspective, which can lead to more creative problem-solving and better decision-making. Additionally, the presence of multiple languages and cultures can create a shared sense of challenge and learning that can help to build cohesion and a shared sense of purpose within the team.
In contrast, individualistic teams, such as those from the USA, may prioritize individual achievement over team performance, while top-heavy teams may have too much hierarchy and power imbalance to foster true collaboration and cohesion.
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