What are 4 environmental factors that influence an organism?.

Answers

Answer 1

Temperature, food, pollutants, population density, sound, light, and parasites are a few examples of environmental influences.

Environmental elements include things like air, water, climate, soil, natural vegetation, and landforms. By definition, environmental factors have an impact on daily life and are a significant contributor to disparities in health between regions.

The main abiotic factors that affect an individual's form and function include light, temperature, water, atmospheric gases, and ionising radiation. An organism has a tolerance range that it can survive in for each environmental component.

To know more about Temperature, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/11464844

#SPJ4


Related Questions

What was the name of the sermon written by Jonathan Edwards What was his sermon about?.

Answers

Theologian Jonathan Edwards preached "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" on July 8, 1741, in an Enfield congregational church.

What message did Edwards convey in his sermon?

Jonathan Edwards urges sinners to realize that they will experience God's vengeance, which will be more dreadful and agonizing than they can fathom, in his sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, which was delivered on July 8, 1741, in Enfield, Connecticut.

What was the sermon's main point?

According to a review of more than 91,000 sermons from that organization, users of FaithLife's platforms talked about God, Jesus, love, power, faith, and glory in 2021 and 2020.

To know more about theologian visit :-

https://brainly.com/question/1828982

#SPJ4

What is the tone of The Life You Save May Be Your Own?.

Answers

The tone of The Life You Save May Be Your Own by means of Flannery O'Connor is hopeful for a moment and then miserable as the story progresses.

Early Life and Education

Mary  Francis O'Connor used to be born March 25, 1925 in Savannah, Georgia, the solely daughter of Regina Cline and Edward Francis O'Connor. In 1931, she began attending St. Vincent’s Grammar School, however transferred to Sacred Heart Grammar School for Girls by the fifth grade.

Early Work and Wise Blood

In 1946, Accent widely wide-spread O'Connor's story "The Geranium," which became her first publication. The story would form the core of her thesis collection, which led to her profitable MFA in 1947. Upon graduation, she received the Rinehart-Iowa Fiction award for her manuscript-in-progress Wise Blood, the first chapter of which was once "The Train," every other story in her thesis collection.

Learn more about Francis O'Connor here:

https://brainly.com/question/13762977#SPJ4

What is diction used for?.

Answers

The words that the author uses are referred to as diction.

What is the purpose of diction?

Depending on the effect they hope to generate, writers use particular words and phrases. Diction may:

Set a tone that supports the objective. A piece of writing's diction is determined by its intended audience. Informal language and figures of speech, such as similes and metaphors, are frequently utilized by authors of literature and fiction. However, if a scientist publishes a paper on their study, the language will be formal, technical, and written with a specific audience in mind.

Support the environment. In fiction, the language an author chooses supports the fundamental plot components, such as setting. By utilizing dialect unique to that period and location, diction aids in establishing where and when a tale is set. This type of language is informal.

To learn more about diction visit:

https://brainly.com/question/2235322

#SPJ4

What is the difference between drama and film?.

Answers

Three basic difference between drama and films are:

The first fundamental distinction between a drama and a film is the setting. A drama is played live in front of an audience, but a film is not. 

Another distinction between the two is the substance. Drama includes well-known performing arts. Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and other plays are performed in theatres across the world as a result, there are no expectations on how a certain role is performed, the director should cast those who can offer a good performance.

The play is performed in real-time, but the film is not.

Learn more about Drama:

https://brainly.com/question/29785155

#SPJ4

How the telegraph changed the world?.

Answers

The way money was sent, wars were fought, and newspaper business was changed by the electric telegraph.

Rather than taking weeks for horse-drawn mail carts to deliver news, telegraph stations could exchange it almost immediately.

What makes The Telegraph famous?

The telegraph, invented by Samuel Morse and other inventors in the 1830s and 1840s, revolutionized long-distance communication. It functioned through the transmission of electrical signals over a wire that was laid between stations.

Is the app for The Telegraph free?

Your subscription package includes the fantastic Telegraph app. It provides you with the most recent news as well as the digital versions of the Daily and Sunday Telegraph newspapers, which are available for download at 5 a.m.

To learn more about electric telegraph here:

https://brainly.com/question/29280784

#SPJ4

"The are over ix thouand publication on eel, but the life cycle of thee economically important food fih i till murky and ha a long hitory of peculation"

Answers

The author makes use of contrast to draw attention to the disparity between the level of scientific interest in eels and what is actually known about them.

What is meant by history of speculation?A historical study notion known as "speculative philosophy of history" is founded on the idea that we may analyze current events or even anticipate future occurrences by looking back at historical events that have already occurred. Trading a financial product that carries a high level of risk while hoping for significant profits is considered speculation. To benefit as much as possible from market changes is the goal. In markets where the price changes of securities occur often and violently, speculation is common.Given that there would be a very small number of market players absent speculators, speculation is crucial in the commodity markets for regulating the volatility of commodity prices. In comparison to stocks, commodities are traded much less often.

To learn more about history of speculation, refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/8935041

#SPJ4

How is the setting from Ovid's Pyramus and Thisbe similar?.

Answers

Both take effect in the quarters for servants. Both events take place in castles with unjust rulers. Both occur in towns where violence is not encouraged. This is where Ovid's Pyramus takes place.

What is the Pyramus and Thisbe myth by Ovid?

Ovid recounted the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe, the protagonist and protagonist of a Babylonian love story in which they could only communicate through a crack in the wall separating their homes.

What is the primary message of Pyramus and Thisbe by Ovid?

Despite Pyramus and Thisbe's intense love for one another and their desire to be together, their union has been foreclosed by fate. Because of the fact that their parents are

To know more about Ovid's Pyramus visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30196962

#SPJ4

How do artists use texture in their work?.

Answers

Texture is a creative tool used by artists to represent depth and dimension. The smooth brushstrokes on the delicate flowers and the brief, rough strokes in the paintings demonstrate the texture aspect.

How does texture affect how artists create their art?

By applying texture to provide depth, balance, or intrigue to various areas of the surface of their works of art, artists shape their individual creations in a distinctive way.

Why does a painter utilise texture?

An object, person, or space appears three dimensional when there is texture present. It can add depth and improve elements like contrast, movement, rhythm, and emphasis.

To know more about Texture in Arts visit:

https://brainly.com/question/14369532

#SPJ4

Which sentences should end this essay conclusion?
(1)Which animal is the deadliest on earth? (2) As far as I'm concerned, it is the cheetah. (3) The
cheetah, therefore, is one of the most efficient hunters of any of the large cats. (4) They are the
fastest mammals on earth. (5) Also, they can hunt during the day or night, but usually hunt in the
daytime. (6) In addition, they have strong, sleek bodies, which are ideal for stalking prey.
O sentence 3 followed by sentence 4
O sentence 1 followed by sentence 2
O sentence 2 following by sentence 4
O sentences 1 followed by sentence 3

Answers

Explanation:

0 sentence 1 followedby sentence 2

Read the following excerpt from the Declaration of Independence:
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are
created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with
certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life,
Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.... That whenever
any Form of Government becomes destructive of these
ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it,
and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on
such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as
to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and
Happiness.... The history of the present King of Great
Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations .
To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome
and necessary for the public good.
How do the authors of the Declaration best use deductive reasoning to
support the idea that the colonists have a right to form a new government?
A. They follow his initial statement by accusing the British king of
establishing an absolute tyranny.
• B. They first establish the idea that safety and happiness are God-
given rights that should be protected.
® C. They first establish the idea that declaring one's intentions is a
decent and expected measure.
D. They list the colonists grievances against the British monarchy,
starting with the king's refusal to 'Assent to Laws.

Answers

Answer: b

Explanation:

its the only sensible answer

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

What may prevent students from having positive vibes at school ?
Please help give me 5 reasons

Answers

Teachers messing with them they may be bullied they have a harder time being sociable they are stressed about school work they may have a bad home life so it effects their academics

most receiving touchdowns in a single postseason game

Answers

Gabriel Davis While wearing a Bills jersey during a practice session The young American gained notoriety for registering the most receiving touchdowns in a single game.

The 38 NFL players with at least 75 receiving touchdowns are shown below. Jerry Rice tops both categories with 197 and 22 postseason touchdowns.

Gabriel Davis, The young American gained notoriety for having the most receiving touchdowns in a single game. He scored four touchdowns on his own in a game against the Kansas City Chiefs, making history in the process. After this effort, he set a record for scoring the most touchdowns in an NFL franchise's divisional-round playoff game. Additionally, he was sought for online by a flurry of NFL enthusiasts.

To learn more about Gabriel Davis here:

https://brainly.com/question/24778368#

#SPJ4

blank cup drinking game involving instruction cards

Answers

Beer pong, often referred to as Beirut, is a drinking game in which participants attempt to hit a ping pong ball into a cup of beer at the opposite end of a table. The game usually involves two or more players on each side of opposing teams, with six or ten cups arranged in a triangular arrangement on each side.

Kings is a drinking game that utilises playing cards. It is also referred to as King's Cup, Donut, Circle of Death, and Ring of Fire. Based on the cards that are drawn, the player must consume and serve beverages. Before the game begins, a rule is specified for each card. A lot of times, organizations create their own set of house rules.

For such more question on drinking game

https://brainly.com/question/29213727

#SPJ4

What is the concept of the first stanza in the poem?.

Answers

The first stanza establishes the tone for the rest of the poem. The rhyme and rhythm utilized in the first stanza will be repeated in the second, and so on.

What is the name of the first stanza?

A stanza is a part of poetry composed of two or more lines joined together as a unit. A stanza is commonly characterized as a grouping of lines that follow a recurring pattern of metrical lengths and rhyme sequences.

Stanza forms are the most common type of poetry written by English poets. Stanzas are four-line poetry portions. The first line is referred to as an octave, while the remaining three lines are referred to as sestets. Stanzas are frequently written in iambic pentameter, which means that each word has an even number of beats.

To learn more about poem, click

https://brainly.com/question/4060943

#SPJ4

What does the repetition do for the mood of the poem?.

Answers

In poetry, repetition is repeat-ing words, phra-ses, lines, or stanzas. Stanzas are gro-ups of lines that are toget-her. Repetition is used to emphasize a feel-ing or idea, create rhythm, and/or deve-lop a sense of urgency.

Repetition can be 1 of the mo-st intoxicating feat-ures of poetry. It creates expect-ations, which can be ful-filled or frustrated. It can create a sense of bore-dom and complacency, but it can also incite enchant-ment and inspire bliss.

Repetition may be used through-out their poems to give a sense of unity and cohesion to the collect-ion. Repetition may be us-ed to empha-size a particular word or phrase in poet-ry.

To know more about repetition click below:

brainly.com/question/30240311

#SPJ4

What happens when photosystem 2 is damaged?.

Answers

Photo-oxidative damage impairs the functionality of photosystem-II (PSII) in organisms that rely on oxygenic photosynthesis.

Plant growth could be slowed down and photosynthesis slowed down as a result of this phenomenon.

What takes place with the electrons that photosystem II loses?

Water molecule splitting replaces the two electrons that photosystem II lost. Hydrogen ions are also released into the lumen by water splitting. Similar to the gradient that is created by mitochondrial electron transport, this contributes to the hydrogen ion gradient.

What is the function of photosystem II?

The multi-component pigment-protein complex known as Photosystem II (PSII) is in charge of water splitting, oxygen evolution, and plastoquinone reduction.

To learn more about Water molecule here:

https://brainly.com/question/14604173

#SPJ4

why does coco chanel deserves fame
explain in 3-4 sentences

Answers

Coco Chanel changed the way women dressed and paved the way for the fashion industry by capitalizing on the changing times she lived in and her status as a fashion icon.

What is the Coco channel?

Coco Chanel was a fashion designer who pioneered the woman's suit, the quilted purse, costume jewelry, and the "little black dress."

Chanel was a hero because she was able to reinvent the women's fashion industry and alter how women were expected to behave in public.

Her training as a milliner led her to become a fashion rebel and trailblazer, creating a new sartorial style that liberated women from corsets and lace frills in favor of sailor shirts and wide-leg pants.

Therefore, Coco Chanel deserves the fame.

Learn more about Coco Chanel, here;

https://brainly.com/question/11451309

#SPJ1

Create the correct type of sentence using proper punctuation and label the clauses.
Compound:
Complex:

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses, and they are separated by a comma and a coordinating conjunction.

A complex sentence contains an independent clause and at least one dependent clause, but they are not separated by a comma.

Example Compound sentence: 1. I went to the store, and I bought groceries.

2. The work crew arrived late, but they made sure to finish the job.

Example Complex sentence: 1. I went to the store and bought groceries.

2. The work crew arrived late but finished the job.

What is the main focus of Martin Luther King's famous speech?.

Answers

His actions, like those of our founder Cornelia Connelly, were done to help others, and he inspired millions of people in addition to me. In his well-known "I Have a Dream" speech, he reminded the nation that love is for everyone and shouldn't be limited by race.

His use of metaphor, repetition, and imagery had an impact on his audience. King used the three rhetorical devices of ethos, pathos, and logos to increase the audience's comprehension of his speech.

Martin Luther King Jr. had a positive impact on the globe because he set a good example by preserving peace in the face of violence. He fought against injustice at all costs, displaying strength and bravery.

Learn to know more about Martin luther king:

brainly.com/question/24034250

#SPJ4

The _______ in 7/9 is a 9.
numerator
product
sum
denominator

Answers

Answer: denominator

Explanation:

The bottom number of a fraction (meaning the number below the line) is called the denominator. It can also be called the divisor in some cases. As we can see here, the 9 is in the denominator position.

We know the answer is not numerator because that is the number above the fraction line, or more simply, the upper number. In this case, that would be 7. Lastly, product and sum do not apply since we are working with a fraction, which is essentially division and not multiplication or addition

Hope this helps!

Can someone please help quick

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Paul is a lion in battle: metaphor

her soft skin was like silk under his fingers: idiom

the messy room seemed depressed: personification

I had a big breakfast, but by lunchtime I was starving: hyperbole

the tree was taller than the house: literal

Josue didn't fit in, he was like a fish out of water: simile

I hope I helped, have a nice day

Answer: oof

Explanation:

I need help with this

Answers

Answer:

Number 2 is the correct answer.

Explanation:

An independent clause is a sentence that can stand on its own.

"I love doing yoga in the morning." is a independent clause because it can stand on its own as a complete sentence.

( I need someone to actually do the assignment, and not explain how to do it.)

Revise a technical document, add visual elements to it, and publish it online as a
blog or web page.
Your published assignment should contain the following elements:
• Visual aids and graphic elements that help your reader understand your technical
document
• Clear organization and concise language
• Links to your sources

Answers

Here are the steps to revise and add visual elements to a technical document:

How to revise your technical document

Review the document's content: Make sure that the information is accurate, up-to-date, and relevant to the topic. If necessary, add or remove content to make the document concise and easy to understand.

Organize the content: Use headings, subheadings, and bullet points to make the document easier to navigate. This will also help the reader quickly locate the information they need.

Add visual aids: Illustrations, diagrams, charts, and graphs can help explain complex concepts and make the document more engaging. If possible, use colorful and eye-catching visuals that are relevant to the content.

Use concise language: Avoid technical jargon and use clear, simple language. Explain concepts in a way that someone with little or no technical background can understand.

Provide links to sources: If you have cited information from other sources, include links to those sources. This will allow the reader to easily verify the information and learn more about the topic.

Proofread: Carefully review the document to make sure there are no grammatical or spelling errors.

Publish the document: Once you have completed the revisions and added the visual aids, you can publish the document on a blog or website. Make sure the document is accessible, visually appealing, and easy to navigate.

You cannot get your answers here as the answers are only provided on this site and we don't use any external sources or attach links

Read more about technical documents here:

https://brainly.com/question/30420907

#SPJ1

Which of the following sentences is imperative mood
A. The college requires that freshman take composition 101.
B. I wish I were also taking clinical psychology 300.
C. A premed student generally take biology classes
D. Let’s negotiate our differences for the sake of this exam

Answers

The sentence that represents the imperative mood is this:

D. Let’s negotiate our differences for the sake of this exam.

What is the imperative mood?

The imperative mood is seen in sentences that are framed to either ask give a command or request something.

In the last sentence, we can see an instance of the imperative mood because the speaker requests that the parties negotiate their differences because of the examination. This was a request and can be classified as the imperative mood. The tone of any sentence in the imperative mood is usually strong to convey the seriousness and urgency of the request.

Learn more about the imperative mood here:

https://brainly.com/question/1295970

#SPJ1

Read the excerpt and answer the question.
"You wants to keep 'way fum de water as much as you kin, en don't run no resk, 'kase it's down in de bills dat you's
gwyne to git hung." (p. 22)
Which writing technique is Twain using in the passage?
hyperbole
satire
dialect
metaphor

Answers

Dialect is the writing technique is Twain using in the passage.

What do dialects mean?Grammar, pronunciation, and/or vocabulary are used to differentiate dialects, which are social or geographical variants of a language. It is common for dialects to deviate from the language's official form. Mandarin and Cantonese, which are regarded as dialects of the larger language of Chinese, are an illustration of this connection.Pronunciation is referred to by accent. In common use, a language is both written and spoken, but a dialect is just spoken. Dialect refers to a broad range of linguistic qualities, including pronunciation, but also distinctions in vocabulary, syntax, and how the language is used (such as the standards of what constitutes politeness).

Learn more about Dialects refer to ;

https://brainly.com/question/25792883

#SPJ1

what is the underlining message in All summer in a Day

Answers

The underlining messages in All Summer in a Day is that people different or unfairly to those they perceive to be different or better than others.

What happened in All Summer in a Day?

Magot, a girl who relocates to Venus, is treated unfairly by other kids. Since it was always raining on Venus, the children there have never seen the sun. They make fun of her when she tries to explain that the sun resembles a coin. The rivalry that exists between Magot and the kids is an outside issue. As they lock her in the room just as the sun is about to set, the girl likewise experiences internal conflict. This gives her the impression that children on Earth are superior to youngsters on Venus.

Find more information on All Summer in a Day here;

https://brainly.com/question/15722430

#SPJ1

How can I improve my academic skills?.

Answers

prolonged and successful performance in a single academic field. Some examples include: having a long or extended attention span for a single subject is considered as academic talent.

How we can improve academic talent?Success in school often depends on having certain skills that help people study, remember, and use information.Academic skills are the abilities, methods, and routines that can help students succeed in school. They usually build on what students already know about literacy and technical subjects like science and math. The ability to learn, take tests, interact with other students and complete projects may all benefit from developing academic skills. Many of these skills can be used in other areas of life, especially in the workplace.Academic skills include the following:Listening, taking notes, and verbal and written communication skills Technical literacy Careful attention to detail Data analysisFor improving academic skills we can follow the following points:Time managementbe consistentresearch skillsself-disciplinecritical thinkingpublic speakingcommunication skillsplanningconstructive crticism

learn more about improving academic skills

https://brainly.com/question/3165480

#SPJ4

What are the powers of Congress according to Article I of the Constitution?.

Answers

To enact all laws necessary and appropriate for carrying out the aforementioned powers as well as all other powers granted by this Constitution to the United States government or any department or officer thereof.

What authorities and restraints on Congress are outlined in Article I?

A bicameral Congress is granted full legislative authority by Article I, Section 1. As previously stated, this is frequently interpreted to include the tenet that legislative authority cannot be transferred to other branches.

What legal authority does Congress have, according to the Constitution?

These include the authority to declare war, mint money, assemble armies and navies, control commerce, set immigration and naturalization policies, and establish the federal courts and their domains.

To know more about aforementioned powers visit :-

https://brainly.com/question/13302002

#SPJ4

What is the climax of The Gift of the Magi?.

Answers

The turning point in this narrative occurs when Jim returns from work. He stood motionless at his home after discovering that his wife had had her hair cut off, displaying no signs of outrage, astonishment, or displeasure.

Who is Jim and Della?

The three wise men of the Bible, or the magi, brought gifts to Bethlehem to visit the infant Jesus. Due to the fact that Jim and Della gave up their most valued belongings in order to offer each other thoughtful Christmas gifts, they are known as the Magi. They had exhibited selfless love for one another by doing this. In New York, Jim and Della, a married couple, reside in a leased room. Della and Jim are a loving husband and wife team. Jim's father gave him a watch, which has been passed down through the generations. Still, out of affection for Della, he makes the sacrifice. Jim and Della agree that giving each other thoughtful gifts is a crucial way to show their love for one another.

To know more about Jim and Della visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30129656

#SPJ4

What leon can be drawn from the tudie decribed in thi article? Back to the Future: Leon From Ancient Global Warming

Answers

The term "global warming" refers to the long-term warming of the Earth's surface that has been observed since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900).

As a result of human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels, which raise atmospheric levels of heat-trapping greenhouse gases.

What lessons can we take from previous climate change?

The geological record shows how different environments responded to similar climate shifts in the past. In addition, the weather, particularly extreme events, plays a significant role in causing the landscape to reorient itself. We can also gain a deeper comprehension of the carbon dynamics in organic soils by studying geodiversity.

What are the four approaches taken to research climate change?

Ice cores, tree rings, and sediment cores are additional proxies. Isotope ratios, elemental analyses, biomarkers, and biogenic silica are examples of chemical proxy records. These proxies collectively extend our understanding of past climate hundreds of millions of years back.

To learn more about global warming here:

https://brainly.com/question/29625243

#SPJ4

Other Questions
question 2 fill in the blank: in row 8 of the following spreadsheet, you can find the of cary. The source or origin of a word is called its there is another term that you will often encounter when performing time value of calculations: type.the type term used in excel time value functions is used to represent the Carol Co. prepares a statement of cash flows starting with net income and then adjusting for items that do not affect cash. Carol Co. is using the _______ method of reporting the statement of cash flows. how did the filipinos cope with the problems and challenges that resulted from the second world war what are some alternative dispute resolution techniques Mr. Blair and Ms. Stevenson are teaching their classes how to write in cursive. Mr. Blair has already taught his class 4 letters. The students in Ms. Stevenson's class, who started the unit later, currently know how to write 2 letters. Mr. Blair plans to teach his class 1 new letter per week, and Ms. Stevenson intends to cover 2. new letters per week. Eventually, the students in both classes will know how to write the same number of letters. How long will that take? What is 1 Nm of torque?. How to proof quadrilaterals? in geometry To handle diversity conflicts, Gary Wheeler says that diversity _____ is important. What is Nicaragua's capital city?. In Iran, Shah Reza Khan:A) All of the choices are correct.B) modernized and Westernized the country.C) instituted an Islamic state.D) increased European political influence. Mrs. Jones had an appendectomy on November 1. She was taken back to surgery on November 2 for evacuation of a hematoma of the wound site. Identify the modifier that may be reported for the November 2 visit.A. -58B. -76C. -78D. -79 21 pointA motorcyclist is travelling at a constant speed of 40 miles an hour. How far will he travel in two and a half hours?Type your answer...IOI Assume that the reserve requirement is 10 percent. Marwa deposits $1 million in cash into her checking account at First Bank. The deposit will initially increase excess reserves at First Bank byA $100,000 B $900,000 C $1 million D $9 million E $10 million Question 1: Use yfinance to Extract Stock Data Reset the index, save, and display the first five rows of the tesla_data dataframe using the head function. Upload a screenshot of the results and code from the beginning of Question 1 to the results below. Write the equation of a square root function that has been reflected across the y-axis, stretched vertically by a factor of 2, and shifted up 4 units.A. y= 2[tex]\sqrt{-x}-4[/tex]B. y= 2[tex]\sqrt{-x}+4[/tex]C. y= -2[tex]\sqrt{x}-4[/tex]D. y= [tex]\sqrt{2x}+4[/tex] URGENT!!! PLS HELP.... K As a town gets smaller, the population of its high school decreases by 4% each year. The senior class has 250 students now. In how m students? Write an equation. Then solve the equation. Write an equation to represent this situation. Let n be the number of years before the class will have 100 students. 0 (Type an equation using n as the variable. Use integers or decimals for any numbers in the equation.) Solve the equation. In n = years the senior class will have about 100 students. (Type an integer or decimal rounded to the nearest hundredth as needed.) what different ideas did Athens and Sparta have?