Health College

What are the 4 major government-sponsored healthcare programs and describe the populations each is intended to serve?

Answers

Answer 1
Medicare. Medicare ensures a universal right to health care for persons age 65 and older. Eligible populations and the range of benefits covered have gradually expanded. In 1972, individuals under age 65 with long-term disabilities or end-stage renal disease became eligible.



Medicaid. The Medicaid program first gave states the option to receive federal matching funding for providing health care services to low-income families, the blind, and individuals with disabilities. Coverage was gradually made mandatory for low-income pregnant women and infants, and later for children up to age 18.


Children’s Health Insurance Program. In 1997, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, or CHIP, was created as a public, state-administered program for children in low-income families that earn too much to qualify for Medicaid but that are unlikely to be able to afford private insurance. Today, the program covers 9.6 million children.5 In some states, it operates as an extension of Medicaid; in other states, it is a separate program.


Affordable Care Act. In 2010, the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, or ACA, represented the largest expansion to date of the government’s role in financing and regulating health care. Components of the law’s major coverage expansions, implemented in 2014, included:
requiring most Americans to obtain health insurance or pay a penalty (the penalty was later removed)
extending coverage for young people by allowing them to remain on their parents’ private plans until age 26
opening health insurance marketplaces, or exchanges, which offer premium subsidies to lower- and middle-income individuals
expanding Medicaid eligibility with the help of federal subsidies (in states that chose this option).

Role of government: The federal government’s responsibilities include:
setting legislation and national strategies
administering and paying for the Medicare program
cofunding and setting basic requirements and regulations for the Medicaid program
cofunding CHIP
funding health insurance for federal employees as well as active and past members of the military and their families
regulating pharmaceutical products and medical devices
running federal marketplaces for private health insurance
providing premium subsidies for private marketplace coverage.

Related Questions

Bovine care usually involves a routine check for?

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cows provide meat, milk, labor, leather and hundreds of other products that people use in everyday life. Domesticated cows are descended from wild aurochs, a species of wild cattle with long horns that are now extinct.

Lack of free healthcare pros and cons

Answers

Advantages of free healthcare

1. Decreased costs

It is argued that free medical care can significantly reduce the healthcare cost of the country. People don’t have to pay consulting fees to the physicians on every visit. They are on the government’s payroll and will receive a fixed monthly salary. Moreover, free healthcare may also bring down the administrative cost as the government will be the only buyer of prescription drugs and medical equipment. Therefore, prices will remain regulated and there is no room for multiple vendors giving different quotes.

A study conducted by the University of Massachusetts, as cited in Britannica, stated that a uniform healthcare system could reduce the nation’s costs by up to $1.8 trillion dollars over a period of ten years.

2. Better economy

When the citizens of a country are healthy, they will be more productive. Some advocates believe that free healthcare would positively impact the economy of a country.

3. Savior of lives

Not everyone can afford health insurance, nor do they have the resources to pay for expensive medical treatments out of their own pocket. This means that a lack of free healthcare consequently poses a threat to their lives.

The disadvantage of free healthcare

Healthcare is expensive and there will be free healthcare pros and cons. This means that a free-of-cost healthcare system would result in the country going beyond its debt ceiling. Alternatively, the government would fund free healthcare by collecting additional taxes from the public, which is not possible because the tax-paying ability of low-income groups would stay the same.

1. Free healthcare would be dealing with chronic diseases first

Chronic diseases result in lifestyle choices of individuals and approx. 90% of the health budget is spent on them. If the whole health system would be free, the tax shelf would be greater for every individual. Plus, you will be paying the healthcare tax for someone else’s treatment as well, which sounds unfair to some.

2. From free healthcare, the service quality can be compromised

Once the healthcare facilities get free for all, the number of patients would instantly spike. This means that the nurses and doctors will have to spend extra duty hours to treat as many patients as possible in a day. Eventually, the quality of healthcare service would reduce drastically.

3. Free healthcare will make people care less about their health

When financial coverage is provided to people, they mostly ignore their health. For instance, neglect the importance of eating healthy, staying fit, and taking proper precautions, and will adopt an unhealthy lifestyle that eventually harms them. And all of this because they know they won’t have to pay anything for their healthcare.

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