What are the products of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid reacting? Write the balanced equation for the reaction.

How many sand grains make up each beach on the planet Earth?

The Earth has approximately (and we're speaking very roughly here) 7.5 x 1018 grains of sand, or seven quintillions, five hundred quadrillion grains, if you assume a grain of sand has an average size, calculate how many grains are in a teaspoon, and then multiply by all the beaches and deserts in the world.

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It's safe to suppose that after walking for around 30 seconds on a beach, you would have likely passed trillions of sand grains.

Assume a beach has medium-sized sand that is typically 0.3mm in diameter. Of course, the majority of beach sand contains some space because the grains are primarily spherical. So, for the time being, let's suppose a 23% porosity. Accordingly, a beach that is 1 square meter in size and 3 meters deep should be able to accommodate around 163 billion grains of sand. It's possible that the porosity will be as high as about 48%, but don't take my word for it; there's a mathematical maximum that I can't quite recall. The depth of sand at the beach can very much be anything up to maybe even 15-20m, and the sand grain size can vary widely. It's safe to suppose that after walking for around 30 seconds on a beach, you would have likely passed trillions of sand grains.

The complete question is -How many grains of sand are there in a given stretch of an average beach?

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Answer:

I think it's c

Explanation:

c seems like the best answer

Answer:

C since that has to be correct.

There is 100.0-mL graduated cylinder containing 50.0 mL of water. The final volume reading in the graduated cylinder is 62.7 mL.

Volume is the space occupied by the three-dimensional object.

Given,

Density of liquid = 8.56 g/mL

Mass of substance = 109 g

The initial level of the water in the graduated cylinder = 50 .0 ml

To calculate the volume of a substance,

Density = mass / volume

8.56  = 109  / volume

volume = 109 / 8.56

V = 12.7 ml

The final volume reading in the graduated cylinder

50 ml + 12.7 mL = 62.7 mL

Thus, the final volume will be 62.7 mL

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250 days makes 0.68 years

The term conversion factor has to do with the factor that could be used to convert a value form one unit of measurement to another. We have to note that these units must be dimensionally correct such that the affected units can cancel out.

We have that;

1 year is made up of 365 days

We now have to set up the dimensions for the conversion of 250 days to years.

Thus;

250 days * 1 year/365 days

= 0.68 years

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The moles of [tex]N_2[/tex] and [tex]H_2[/tex] that were present originally in the reaction will be 1.5 moles and 2.5 moles respectively.

The two reactants,  [tex]N_2[/tex] and [tex]H_2[/tex], react in a closed container to form [tex]NH_3[/tex]. The normal stoichiometric ratio of the reaction is according to the following equation:

[tex]N_2 (g) + 3H_2 (g) --- > 2NH_3 (g)[/tex]

The stoichiometric ratio of  [tex]N_2[/tex], [tex]H_2[/tex], and [tex]NH_3[/tex] is 1:3:2.

This means for every 1 mole of ammonia formed, 0.5 moles of [tex]N_2[/tex] and 1.5 moles of [tex]H_2[/tex] is required.

However, 1 mole of [tex]N_2[/tex] and 1 moles of [tex]H_2[/tex] remained after the reaction has ceased.

Thus, total amount of  [tex]N_2[/tex] present originally = 1 + 0.5

                                                                           = 1.5 moles

Total amount of  [tex]H_2[/tex] present originally = 1 + 1.5

                                                               = 2.5 moles

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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 112.61 grams of lead(II) iodide, PbI₂, are produced from 81.1 g of potassium iodide, KI.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

2 KI + Pb(NO₃)₂  → PbI₂+ 2 KNO₃

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

Rule of three is a way of solving problems of proportionality between three known values and an unknown value, establishing a relationship of proportionality between all of them.

That is, what is intended with it is to find the fourth term of a proportion knowing the other three.  

If the relationship between the magnitudes is direct, the direct rule of three must be applied using the following formula, being a, b and c known data and x the variable to be calculated:

a ⇒ b

c ⇒ x

So: x= (c×b)÷a

The following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 332 grams of KI form 461 grams of PbI₂, 81.1 grams of KI form how much mass of PbI₂?

mass of PbI₂= (81.1 grams of KI× 461 grams of PbI₂)÷ 332 grams of KI

mass of PbI₂= 112.61 grams

Then, 112.61 grams of lead(II) iodide, PbI₂, are produced from 81.1 g of potassium iodide, KI.

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The mass of water evaporated is 32.7 g.

The term evaporation is the movement of the molecules of water from the surface of the water into the atmosphere. The molecules that move are the more energetic molecules that are able to break away from the attractive field of the surface of the water.

We have the original mass of the water as 455.2 g and the mass of the water after evaporation as 422.55 g. The difference between the two according to the right number of significant figures is 455.2 g - 422.55 g = 32.7 g

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The total pressure of the solution is 123.5 mmHg

We know that the total pressure of a system is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the components of the mixture. This is the postulation of the Daltons law of partial pressure.

Having said that, the total vapor pressure above this solution is the sum of the vapor pressures of pure benzene and pure toluene. If this is established, it now follows that;

Total pressure = pressure of pure benzene + pressure of pure toluene

= 95.1 + 28.4 mmHg = 123.5 mmHg

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The molar mass of the sugar is 1350 g/mol.

We define the osmotic pressure as the pressure that needs to be applied to  effect the movement of the solvent across a semi permeable membrane.

Number of moles of the sugar solution = 0.459 g/MM

Where MM = molar mass

We know that the osmotic pressure is obtained from;

π = icRT

i = Van't Hoff factor

c = concentration

R = molar gas constant

T = temperature

Let us obtain the concentration;

c = π/iRT

c =  0.0824 atm/ 1 * 0.082 * 298

c = 0.0034 M

Now;

Concentration = Number of moles/volume

Volume = 100.0 mL or 0.1 L

0.0034 = 0.459/MM/0.1

0.0034 = 0.459/0.1MM

0.0034 * 0.1MM = 0.459

MM = 0.459/ 0.0034 * 0.1

MM = 1350 g/mol

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The mass of oxygen in 4 moles of C2H4O2 is 128g.

The mass of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of the substance by its molar mass.

Molar mass of C2H4O2 = 12(2) + 1(4) + 16(2) = 60g/mol

mass of C2H4O2 = 60g/mol × 4 moles = 240grams

However, the mass of oxygen in the compound can be calculated as follows:

molar mass of oxygen/molar mass of compound × 240 grams

32g/mol ÷ 60g/mol × 240g

= 128g

Therefore, the mass of oxygen in 4 moles of C2H4O2 is 128g.

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28.9  grams of AlCl3 are present in 205 grams of an aqueous solution that is 13.8 % by weight AlCl3.

Aqueous is a word used to describe a water-based system. The term aqueous can also refer to a solution or combination in which water serves as the solvent. The type of a substance's chemical bonding determines whether or not it forms an aqueous solution.

When a material dissolves in water, the symbol (aq) is appended to its chemical name. Many ionic chemicals and hydrophilic (water-loving) entities dissolve in water.

Table salt, for example, is dissolved in water and diffuses into ions to generate Na+(aq) and Cl- (aq). Hydrophobic, or water-averse, substances do not dissolve in water or produce aqueous solutions. There will be no dissociation if oil and water are mixed.

The weight of the aqueous solution = is 205 grams.

Percentage of  AlCl₃  = 13.8%

Therefore, the weight of  AlCl₃  by gram =

13.8% of the solution

= 13.8 % × 205

= 28.9g

Therefore the weight of  AlCl₃  in the aqueous solution will be 28.9g

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J.J. Thomson sent a cathode ray between electrically charged metal plate. The aim of the experiment was to find the nature of the particles. The correct option is option D

He lighted the metal plates. A gold foil was subjected to an alpha radiation beam by B. C. In a chamber, he suspended charged oil drops. OD. He produced a cathode ray discharge between two electrically charged metal plates. All atoms include tiny, negatively charged subatomic particles that mimic electrons, as demonstrated by J.J. Thomson's cathode ray tube studies. In Thomson's "plum pudding" atom model, a negatively charged "electon" encircled a positively charged "soup."

He made the decision to attempt to identify the particle's makeup. He sought to calculate their mass and charge by measuring how much they were bent by electrical currents of various intensities because they were too small to have their mass or charge directly ascertained.

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The mass in grams of NO₂ produced from the reaction, given the data is 2.17 g

Chemical equations are representations of chemical reactions using symbols and formula of the reactants and products.

The reactants are located on the left side while the products are located on the right side.

Reactants —> Products

The balancing of chemical equations follows the law of conservation of matter which states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction but can be transferred from one form to another.

The mass of NO₂ produced can be obtained as follow:

Balanced equation:

Cu + 4HNO₃ --> Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O + 2NO₂

1.5 + 5.95 = 4.43 + 0.85 + Mass of NO₂

7.45 = 5.28 + Mass of NO₂

Collect like term

Mass of NO₂ = 7.45 - 5.28

Mass of NO₂ = 2.17 g

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The new volume of a weather balloon initially calibrated at 0.00 °C to have a volume of 12.0 L is 10.15L.

The volume of a given gas at a constant pressure can be calculated using the Charles's law equation as follows:

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

Where;

According to this question, a weather balloon is calibrated at 0.00 °C to have a volume of 12.0 L. The new volume at -42.0 °C assuming pressure is held constant can be calculated as follows;

12/273 = V/231

V = 10.15L

Therefore, 10.15L is the volume of the weather balloon.

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The molecular formula is [tex]\\C_{7}H_{21} F_{7}[/tex].

The formulas that a compound could have are about three. The empirical formula shows the ratio of the atoms in the compound. The molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms of each element that we have in any particular compound. The structural formula can be used to deduce the arrangement of atoms in the compound.

We can now obtain the empirical formula using;

Mass of carbon = 0.1935 g

Number of moles of carbon =  0.1935 g/ 12 g/mol = 0.016 mole

Mass of hydrogen = 0.0325 g/1 g/mol = 0.0325 moles

Mass of fluorine =  0.2043 g/19 g/mol = 0.011 moles

We now have to divide through by the lowest number of moles ;

C - 0.016 mole/0.011 moles   H - 0.0325 moles/0.011 moles F- 0.011 moles /0.011 moles

C – 1  H – 3 F – 1

The empirical formula is [tex]\\CH_{3}F[/tex]

Molar mass of the empirical formula = 12 + 3 + 19 = 34 g/mol

Molecular formula = 34n = 240.23

n = 240.23/34

n = 7

The molecular formula is [tex]\\C_{7}H_{21} F_{7}[/tex].

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Answer:

What are often called carbon sinks like tropical forests only store carbon temporarily. The only real carbon sinks operate by the long term ...

Explanation:

the oceans and atmosphere, and dissolved organic matter is carried in solution by rivers from soils to the sea. This all constitutes the short-term carbon cycle. The word "short-term" is used because the characteristic times for transferring carbon between reservoirs range from days to tens of thousands of years.

In the short-term reservoir, carbon is stored in the atmosphere, oceans and biosphere with the ocean containing the largest amount of carbon. It takes months to centuries to recycle carbon dioxide through the short-term reservoir.

Carbon is stored in four main reservoirs -- oceans (the largest reservoir), geological reserves of fossil fuels, the terrestrial surface (plants and soil, mainly), and the atmosphere.

0.1329 moles

Air Bag Lab with a snack sized ziplock bag (325mL),  moles of gas would be needed to fill the bag

From the above statement, we have got

volume = 325ml

now at STP

Temp = 298 kelvin

pressure = 1 atm

Gas constant R = 0.082057L/mol kelvin

n is the number of moles

now, according to ideal gs equation

PV=nRT

n = PV RT

now put all the numbers in equation

n = 1 ×0.325 ÷0.082× 298

n = 0.1329 moles

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Answer:

Freeze thaw, salt wedging

Explanation:

Freeze-thaw weathering occurs when rocks are porous (has holes) or permeable (allows water to pass through). It is an example of Mechanical Weathering.

Another type of mechanical weathering is called salt wedging.

The separation methods for homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures compared are A homogeneous mixture could be separated through distillation, while a heterogeneous mixture could be separated through filtration. The correct option is 1.

A homogeneous mixture is a mixture that contains a substance that remains homogeneous throughout the solution. The solution of salt and water is a homogeneous mixture.

Thus, the correct option is 1. Distillation can be used to separate homogeneous mixtures, while filtering can be used to separate heterogeneous mixtures.

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The mass of sodium that remains is 2.38 g

We know that radioactivity refers to the spontaneous disintegration of the sample leading to the emission of radiation. The half life is the time taken for only half of the number of atoms in the sample to remain.

We know that;

No = amount of sodium initially present

N = amount of sodium after time t

t1/2 = half life of sodium

t = time taken for t amount remain

No = 152.0 mg

N = ??

t1/2 = 14.8 hours

t = 3.7 days or 88.8 hours

Using

N/No = (1/2) ^t/t1/2

N/152 =  (1/2) ^88.8/14.8

N =  (1/2) ^88.8/14.8 * 152

N = 2.38 g

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The molecular formula of trinitrogen heptoxide is written as [tex]N_3O_7[/tex].

How to calculate the molecular formula of Trinitrogen heptoxide:

Tri means three and hept means seven. Therefore,

Trinitrogen means 3 atoms of Nitrogen, thus it is denoted as [tex]N_3[/tex].

Heptoxide means 7 atoms of Oxygen, thus it is denoted as [tex]O_7[/tex].

Consequently, the molecular formula of Trinitrogen heptoxide is [tex]N_3O_7[/tex].

The type and number of each element's atoms in a molecular compound are indicated by the substance's molecular formula. The molecular formula is frequently the same as the empirical formula. Methane's empirical formula is [tex]CH_4[/tex], which is also its molecular formula because it only has one carbon atom.

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The equilibrium spacing between the ions is 0.24 nm and the bonding energy is 5.3 eV.

The amount of energy required to separate the atoms forming a molecular bond into free atoms is known as bond energy, and it serves as a gauge of the strength of a chemical connection.

For Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ion pair, the attractive and repulsive energies are E(A) and E(R). The energies depend on the distance between the ions r.

We have,

E(A) = ( -1.436 / r )

E(R) = ( 7.32 × 10⁻⁶ / r⁸ )

(a) The plot for E(N), E(R), and E(A) versus r up to 1 nm is attached below.

(b) From the plot,

r(0) = 0.24 nm

E(0) = 5.3 eV

Hence, the equilibrium spacing r(0) between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions is 0.24 nm and the bonding energy is 5.3 eV.

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A cup is 240 ml and the cake recipe calls for 170.0 ml of milk. It's 2/4 of a cup.

the cups have a standard measure of 240ml, that is, if you buy one of these good quality utensils, even if in different places, the measure of 1 cup must always be equivalent to 240ml.

With this information, we can conclude that Ml is the abbreviation milliliter, the smallest unit of measurement for liquids. We start with the liter as the base unit, we must go down to one tenth of a liter, which is deciliter, then 100 tenths of a liter than the centiliter and we go up to one thousand tenths of a liter, which is milliliter. One liter contains one thousand milliliters.

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Answer:

Campher freezes are in winter

The needle is pointing between the second and third dash from 80, towards 90, that means it could be around 82.5kgs on the scale. therefore, weight in lbs will be 181.88.

There the weight on scale is 181.88 lbs.

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Answer:

82.3

Explanation:

If you look close at it, it should be between 82 and 83. Ask which one is it more closer to it should be 82 but not too close or not too far where it would be 82.5. It is in the middle of 82 and 82.5 so what is in between that? It would be 82.3.

Answer:D

Explanation:it is true

At constant temperature and volume, the average kinetic energy of the particles remains constant. The correct option is A.

An object's kinetic energy is the energy it has as a result of its motion. It is characterized by the amount of work needed to propel a body of a given mass from rest to a given velocity.

The body retains its kinetic energy after gaining it during acceleration unless its speed changes.

The average kinetic energy of a gas when its particles collide against each other at constant temperature and volume. This is valid as long as as the temperature stays the same.

Thus, the correct option is A.

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Answer:6

Explanation: a p orbital can hold 6 electrons