what changed for europeans as a result of the peace of westphalia in 1648?

False, Not all Greek families were required to have a sacred book in their religious worship.

While the ancient Greeks had various religious practices and beliefs, there was no universal requirement for every family to possess a sacred book for worship. Some families may have had specific texts or scriptures that they deemed sacred, but it was not a widespread or mandated practice across all Greek households. Instead, the Greeks practiced various forms of public and private religious rituals and ceremonies to honor their gods and goddesses.

Ancient Greek religion was primarily based on rituals, sacrifices, and the worship of various gods and goddesses, rather than having a central sacred text like many modern religions.

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Before 1860, the development of machine tools by the United States government resulted in the advancement of industrial manufacturing.

The government's investment in machine tools allowed for more efficient and precise production, which led to an increase in industrialization. This development also helped to spur innovation and advancements in various industries such as textiles, agriculture, and transportation. Furthermore, the use of machine tools allowed for the creation of interchangeable parts, which greatly facilitated the assembly process and paved the way for mass production techniques. Overall, the government's support for machine tool development played a crucial role in the United States' transformation into an industrial powerhouse.

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The first American jail was built in the city of Jamestown in the early seventeenth century.

The construction of this jail was prompted by the increase in crime rates that accompanied the growth of the settlement.

The Jamestown jail was a small structure that was designed to house prisoners temporarily before they were either released or transferred to England for trial.

While the jail was initially meant to serve as a deterrent to crime, it was often overcrowded and unsanitary, leading to many prisoners falling ill and dying.

Despite its shortcomings, the Jamestown jail set a precedent for the establishment of other correctional institutions across the country.

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Answer:

Some revolutions were led by liberals.

Explanation:

The answer above is correct.

The Homestead Act allowed settlers to claim 160 acres of prairie farmland for free under certain conditions. These conditions included being a U.S. citizen or intending to become one, being at least 21 years old, and not having fought against the United States government.

Settlers were required to improve the land by building a dwelling and cultivating crops within a period of five years. By meeting these requirements, settlers could gain ownership of the land and establish their own farms. The Homestead Act, signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln in 1862, aimed to encourage westward expansion and facilitate agricultural development in the United States. Under the Act, individuals were eligible to claim up to 160 acres of prairie farmland for free. To qualify, settlers had to meet specific conditions. First, they needed to be U.S. citizens or declare their intention to become citizens. Second, they had to be at least 21 years old or the head of a household. Additionally, the Act stipulated that individuals who had fought against the United States government or supported insurrections were ineligible to participate. Once eligible, settlers were required to improve the land they claimed. This involved building a dwelling on the property and cultivating crops within a designated period of time. The Act specified that settlers must reside on the land, construct a habitable dwelling, and actively engage in farming or other agricultural activities. The purpose of these requirements was to ensure that the land was put to productive use and to discourage speculation or land grabbing. Settlers had a grace period of five years to meet these conditions. Upon successfully fulfilling the requirements, they would receive full ownership of the land, allowing them to establish their own farms and build a new life on the prairie. The Homestead Act played a significant role in promoting westward expansion and the development of agricultural communities in the United States. By providing opportunities for settlers to acquire free land, it encouraged migration to the western territories and helped populate regions that were previously sparsely inhabited. The Act remained in effect until 1976, although the availability of free land decreased over time as the frontier gradually closed. Nonetheless, the Homestead Act left a lasting legacy in American history, shaping the landscape and demographics of the nation.

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The Allied victory in WWII changed the world in several ways, including the creation of new peacemaking groups and the initiation of a nuclear arms race.

The Allied victory in WWII changed the world in several ways. It created new peacemaking groups, such as the United Nations, which aimed to prevent future wars and promote international cooperation.

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Answer:

A. They believed the government should control the railroads so that

railroads would be available to all Americans.

Explanation:

The people who favored the gold standard were called gold bugs.

These individuals believed that a currency backed by gold provided stability and prevented inflation. They viewed the gold standard as a necessary component of a sound monetary system, and believed that it protected against government manipulation of the currency.

The gold standard was widely used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but eventually fell out of favor due to the inflexibility it imposed on monetary policy during times of economic turmoil.

Despite this, some individuals still advocate for a return to the gold standard as a means of promoting financial stability and reducing government intervention in the economy.

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Answer:

The cognidubus appear with his royal insigni and a troop of armed mens because of the war

Explanation:

Vlad began the first of a lifetime's worth of campaigns to reclaim his father's position. Boyars and his younger brother, who had the favour of the Ottoman sultan, were among his foes.

In 1448, he enjoyed a brief period of victory but was overthrown after just two months. The voivodate was once more asserted by Vlad after an eight-year battle.

He perpetrated the crimes for which he was most infamous during this time of leadership. Vlad the Impaler (Romanian: Vlad epeş) is the nickname given to him for his predilection for impaling his foes on stakes in the ground and leaving them to die. He subjected both local and foreign adversaries to this form of torture.

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Agreeing or disagreeing with the statement would require a subjective opinion. Therefore, the great trek sentinary celebrations of 1938 was the single most important factor for the rise of the Afrikaner nationlism.

The Great Trek Sesquicentennial Celebrations of 1938 marked the 150th anniversary of the migration of Boers (Afrikaner descendants) into the interior of South Africa.

It was a significant event for Afrikaner nationalism, as it celebrated their historical identity and struggles against British colonial rule.

While the celebrations played a role in fostering a sense of Afrikaner pride and unity, it is important to recognize that the rise of Afrikaner nationalism was a complex phenomenon influenced by various factors, including historical grievances, cultural and linguistic identity, political developments, and economic interests.

While the Great Trek Sesquicentennial Celebrations had an impact, it is difficult to attribute the entire rise of Afrikaner nationalism solely to this event.

Other factors, such as the emergence of political organizations like the National Party and socio-economic changes, also played significant roles.

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Answer:

Was because of C-19

Explanation:

Answer:

it could not maneuver in waters where the blockade ships waited

Explanation:

any compromise amounted to northern surrender to southern blackmail

Answer: gold mines

Explanation:

The recall and direct primary were both political reforms that were introduced during the progressive era.

The main objective of these reforms was to weaken the influence of political parties in the political process.

The recall gave voters the power to remove elected officials from office before their term was up, thereby reducing the power of political parties to control elected officials.

The direct primary allowed voters to directly choose their candidates, rather than relying on party bosses to choose for them.

This further reduced the power of political parties and made elected officials more accountable to their constituents. While these reforms were designed to weaken political parties, they did not necessarily weaken state legislatures or the courts.

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Answer: middle-class

Explanation:

Samuel Burchard's "Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion" speech during the election of 1884 most hurt the Democratic Party and its candidate, Grover Cleveland.

Burchard, a prominent Protestant minister, was speaking at a Republican campaign event and intended to criticize the Democrats. However, his choice of words deeply offended Irish Catholic voters, who were a crucial constituency for the Democrats. The phrase "Romanism" was seen as a derogatory reference to Catholicism, and its use by Burchard was widely condemned.

This incident alienated many Irish Catholic voters and damaged Cleveland's chances of winning the election. Ultimately, the Republicans capitalized on the controversy and used it to their advantage, contributing to their victory in the election and Cleveland's loss.

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Deforestation's impact on biodiversity and climate change was the most shocking effect of consumption on our planet.

The movie showcased numerous distressing effects of human consumption on the environment, but one that particularly struck me was the devastating impact of plastic pollution on our planet. Witnessing the staggering amount of plastic waste accumulating in our oceans and its destructive consequences left an indelible impression.

The scenes of marine animals entangled in plastic debris or mistaking it for food were deeply unsettling. From sea turtles with plastic straws lodged in their nostrils to whales with stomachs full of plastic bags, it was a stark reminder of how our plastic consumption directly endangers marine life.

Moreover, learning about the long-lasting nature of plastic and its inability to biodegrade compounded the shock. The realization that the plastic items we use casually, such as single-use bottles and packaging, can persist in the environment for hundreds of years was alarming. The sheer scale of the plastic pollution crisis and its far-reaching consequences for ecosystems, human health, and the overall balance of our planet emphasized the urgent need for sustainable alternatives and effective waste management systems.

Overall, the film's portrayal of the devastating impact of plastic pollution served as a powerful wake-up call, compelling us to reevaluate our consumption habits and take collective action to mitigate this ecological crisis.

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The Soviet-Afghan War was called the USSR's Vietnam and helped speed up the fall of the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union's Vietnam was the Soviet-Afghan War (1979-1989), which was a significant factor in the Soviet Union's collapse. The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in December 1979 to prop up the Marxist government, which was facing a growing insurgency by the Mujahideen.

The Soviet Union was bogged down in a long, brutal, and costly conflict, which lasted for a decade. The war led to a severe drain on the Soviet economy, with billions of dollars being spent on military operations and reconstruction efforts.

The Soviet-Afghan War had a significant impact on Soviet society, with public opinion turning against the war and the Soviet government. The war highlighted the failures of the Soviet system and its inability to solve the problems of the country's economy and society.

The Soviet Union was also facing other internal problems, such as political corruption, growing nationalism, and ethnic tensions, which were exacerbated by the war.

The Soviet Union's defeat in the war and the subsequent withdrawal of Soviet troops in 1989 dealt a severe blow to the Soviet Union's global influence and prestige. The war also fueled anti-Soviet sentiment in the West and led to increased pressure on the Soviet government to reform.

The Soviet Union's Vietnam accelerated the fall of the Soviet Union, which collapsed in 1991, ending the Cold War and leading to significant changes in the global political and economic order.

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During World War I, psychologists were primarily employed in the military to help with various tasks. Some of their main responsibilities included:

1. Assessing and selecting soldiers: Psychologists developed and administered aptitude tests to evaluate soldiers' abilities and determine their suitability for different roles in the military.

2. Mental health support: Psychologists provided counseling and support to soldiers experiencing stress, trauma, and other mental health issues due to the challenging conditions of war.

3. Research and development: Psychologists conducted research on topics such as propaganda, morale, and group dynamics to improve military strategies and enhance soldiers' performance.

4. Training and education: Psychologists were involved in designing training programs and educational materials to help soldiers learn new skills and adapt to the demands of their roles.

Overall, psychologists played a significant role in World War I by contributing to the military's understanding of human behavior and helping to optimize the performance and well-being of soldiers.

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In marbury v. madison (1803), john marshall made a very smart strategic move because he ruled in President Jefferson's favor, establish the right of the Court to rule on a law, Marshall did not use the power of constitutional rulings. Correct option is A.

The concept of judicial review—the ability of federal courts to declare legislative and executive actions unconstitutional—was established by the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison (1803). Chief Justice John Marshall penned the unanimous opinion.

On March 2, 1801, President John Adams appointed William Marbury as one of the 42 justices of the peace. The following day, March 3, which was Adams' last official day in office, the Senate approved the appointments. Four of the commissions—including Marbury's—were not delivered by acting Secretary of State John Marshall. The four remaining commissions were deferred when Thomas Jefferson took office on March 4. Marbury filed a lawsuit against James Madison, the newly appointed secretary of state, to get his appointment.

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Answer:

Explanation:

In ancient times, the region now known as the United Arab Emirates (UAE) had access to various natural resources. Here are some of the notable resources that were available:

Pearls: The coastal areas of the UAE, particularly along the Persian Gulf, were known for their rich pearl beds. Pearling was a significant economic activity in ancient times, and pearls were highly valued for trade and commerce.

Date Palms: Date palm trees were abundant in the region and provided a valuable source of food, shade, and building material. Dates were a staple food and had economic importance for the local communities.

Fish and Seafood: The coastal waters of the UAE supported a diverse marine ecosystem, providing an abundance of fish and seafood resources for sustenance and trade.

Oases and Groundwater: The presence of oases in the UAE's desert regions offered access to freshwater and fertile land for agriculture. Ancient inhabitants relied on groundwater sources, such as wells and springs, to sustain their communities and agriculture.

Natural Minerals: The UAE has significant mineral resources. In ancient times, these resources would have included copper, lead, gypsum, and other minerals that were used for crafting tools, weapons, and decorative objects.

Wildlife: The desert areas of the UAE were home to various wildlife species, including gazelles, oryx, hares, and birds. These animals would have been a source of food, hides, and other materials for the local populations.

Sand and Gravel: The UAE's extensive desert landscapes provided an abundant supply of sand and gravel, which were used for construction purposes, including building houses and fortifications.

It's important to note that the availability and exploitation of natural resources in ancient times would have varied depending on the specific geographic location within the UAE and the time period in question.

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Mao Zedong's variety of communism was a radical departure from traditional ideology because it emphasized the importance of mobilizing the rural peasantry and pursuing a constant revolution.

Mao's brand of communism rejected the Soviet Union's model of socialism, which emphasized industrial development and urbanization.

Instead, Mao believed that the true power of the communist revolution lay in the countryside, where the majority of the Chinese population lived.

He argued that a successful revolution required the active participation of the peasants and that the party should be constantly pushing forward to achieve ever greater levels of radicalism and change.

This approach to communism was both revolutionary and controversial, and it had a profound impact on China's political and social development in the 20th century.

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The given statement, "By the mid-1870s, white farmers were cultivating as much as 80 percent of the regions cotton crop." is true because of discriminatory laws and practices.

In the southern United States, cotton was a major cash crop during the 19th century, and many African American slaves were forced to work on cotton plantations. However, after the Civil War and the abolition of slavery, white farmers began to take over much of the cotton cultivation in the region.

By the mid-1870s, white farmers were cultivating as much as 80 percent of the region's cotton crop, while African American farmers were increasingly relegated to smaller, less fertile plots of land. This was due in part to discriminatory laws and practices that limited African Americans' access to land, credit, and other resources. As a result, many African American farmers struggled to make a living and were forced to work as sharecroppers or tenant farmers on white-owned land.

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Based on the political cartoon, it can be inferred that the man providing comfort is most likely an affluent industrialist or employer, whereas the man receiving comfort symbolizes an everyday worker or employee.

The employer's request for a reduction of $15 from the employee's weekly wages implies that they are being urged to take a salary decrease in response to the financial crisis of the Great Depression.

The phrase "purchasing repeatedly" suggests that the employer anticipates the employee to persist in buying products and promoting the economy, even though their wages have been cut and caused financial hardship.

The cartoon effectively showcases the disproportionate strain imposed on laborers throughout the period of economic downturn known as the Great Depression.

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TheTheTheThe Tang plan to avoid concentration of land in the hands of the wealthy and the resulting social unrest was called the Equal Field System.

This system was implemented during the Tang Dynasty in China, specifically during the reign of Emperor Taizong (627-649 AD). The Equal Field System aimed to distribute land equitably among the population and prevent the accumulation of land by the wealthy elites. Under this system, land was allocated to families based on their needs and the number of family members, with the state periodically redistributing the land to maintain balance.

The intention was to ensure that every family had access to sufficient land for cultivation, promote social stability, and prevent extreme wealth disparities. However, over time, the implementation of the Equal Field System became less effective, and wealth disparities reemerged.

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Answer: scalawag

Explanation: After the American Civil War, a pejorative term for a white Southerner who supported the federal plan of Reconstruction or who joined with black freedmen and the so-called carpetbaggers in support of Republican Party policies.

Answer: The court's decision forced Nixon to release the White House tapes. Nixon knew they would prove his involvement in Watergate and resigned rather than being impeached to save face.