What did Furman do in Furman v. Georgia?

1. Jefferson established the rule that if something disrupts American peace and/or progress and creates difficulties, force should be employed.

They would use force to demonstrate their dominance and compel the other side to submit.

2. The need to utterly suppress the Bar-bary corsairs was acknowledged by all of the European countries. After the French took control of Algeria in 1830 and later pacified the country in the middle to late 19th century, the menace was ultimately put to rest.

3. The first pact with a Bar-bary monarch was struck by England in 1662. This established the template for such agreements by other European trade nations in the Mediterranean.

A Bar-bary peace pact often required a country to provide "tribute" to the pirate lord, who would then cease attacks on the country's ships.

In 1801, Thomas Jefferson became president. No additional tribute payments will be made, according to Jefferson, who thought that satisfying the pirates' demands just led to greater demands.

4. The Bar-bary War, the first American war with Libya, was the nation's first conflict beyond its own borders following its independence and national unification. For ages, the four North African Bar-bary States of Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli have pillaged seaborne trade.

5. With a combined naval and ground attack by the US Marine Corps, the US effectively destroyed Qaramanli's soldiers. The 1805 U.S. pact with Tripoli contained a ransom for American prisoners there, but it included no arrangements for tribute payments.

6. The United States Government now has the authority to organise and maintain an armed force, which was not provided for by the Articles of Confederation before the passage of the Constitution in 1789. The first six ships of the U.S. Navy were built after Congress approved their construction in 1794 in reaction to Algerian ship seizures.

7.  The protection and defence of a sovereign country , including its people, economy, and institutions, is referred to as national security or national defence and is viewed as a responsibility of the executive branch of government.

Defense aims to avoid and prevent conflict before it even arises, in addition to offering protection during times of need. The strength of a country's economy and its ability to exert diplomatic influence abroad are both known to be significantly influenced by its defence capabilities.

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It serves as the framework for our modern world. It facilitates improvements in communication, mobility, construction, banking, the internet, entertainment, graphics, and medical.

It is the foundation of our contemporary world. It supports advancements in telephony, transportation, building, banking, the internet, entertainment, graphics, and medicine. Humans used mathematics to develop robotics and artificial intelligence, analyze data, and navigate satellites.

Indian mathematicians not only introduced us to the notion of zero, but also made significant advances in the study of trigonometry, algebra, arithmetic, and negative numbers, among other fields. Perhaps most significantly, India is where the decimal system that we still use today was initially introduced.

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Alliances between countries mean as war became a danger in 1914 because countries that joined alliances encouraged countries to keep the peace.

Based on the vision and function of its members, the form of the alliance is divided into 2, namely strategic alliances and tactical alliances.

The definition of a strategic alliance is the merging of two groups and those who unite to become close allies or core circles. Groups that are in a strategic alliance play the role of founder, initiator, prime mover, and determine and control the direction of the alliance policy that is formed.

The definition of a tactical alliance is the merging of two groups that unite to become distant allies or outer circles. Usually, tactical alliances are not directly involved and play a role in providing support to the core circle.

In this case the strategic alliance (core circle) has a major role because it functions as the prime mover of the alliance network. However, an alliance activity can be said to be effective if it involves and is carried out together with a tactical alliance.

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Dorothea Dix assumed an instrumental part in the establishment or extension of more than 30 medical clinics for the therapy of the deranged. She was a main figure in those public and global developments.

In 1819, she got back to Boston and established the Dix House, a school for young ladies, alongside a cause school thatn unfortuate young ladies could go to free of charge. She started composing course books, with her generally renowned, Discussions on Normal Things, distributed in 1824.

Dorothea Dix was a social reformer devoted to changing circumstances for individuals who couldn't help themselves - the insane and the detained.

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An American in the 1930s would have likely received Franklin D. Roosevelt's speech differently on the radio than if they were to watch a similar speech on TV today.

Generally, At the time, radio was the primary medium for mass communication, and listening to a speech on the radio would have been a more intimate and personal experience.

People would have likely gathered around the radio in their homes to listen to the speech, and the emotional impact may have been heightened by the lack of visual cues.

Today, television is the primary medium for visual information, and people are accustomed to watching speeches on TV, where they can see the speaker's body language, facial expressions, and other visual cues that can add to or detract from the message.

Additionally, today's audience is also exposed to more sources of information, so the message may be contextualized more easily and be more likely to be fact-checked.

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Answer:

King Asoka

Explanation:
It says it in the text

Answer:

The First Battle of Bull Run (called First Manassas in the South) cost some 3,000 Union casualties, compared with 1,750 for the Confederates.

Explanation:

The First Manassas or Bull Run resulted in thousands of lives lost and is referred to as the first major land battle of the American Civil war. It was also highly crucial as two inexperienced armies fought on the battlefield for the first time.

Scarcely three months later, however, events near the small Virginia community of Manassas Junction shocked the nation into the realization that the war might prove longer and more costly than anyone could have imagined--not only to the armies, but to the nation as a whole.

The molly maguires were a militant select one: a. offshoot of the knights of labor.

Molly Maguires, a mysterious association of coal diggers probably liable for demonstrations of psychological oppression in the coalfields of Pennsylvania and West Virginia, U.S., in the period from 1862 to 1876. The gathering named itself an after a widow gathering of Irish enemies landowner fomenters during the 1840s.

Irish diggers in this association utilized the strategies of terrorizing and brutality utilized against Irish property managers during the "Land Wars" once more in vicious showdowns against the anthracite, or hard coal, mining organizations in the nineteenth hundred years.

Hence option (A) is correct.

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Answer: Jefferson county Texas

Unification of Italy succeed while other European revolts failed: Seek French support against the enemy. Used the victory to gain more Italian support for unification. unite multiple groups towards a common goal

France played a key role in helping and providing financial support for the unification of Italy, especially the defeat of the Austrian Empire. They were rivals for control of Tunisia and North Africa in late 19th century.

Attempts to unify Italy as a single country have been difficult due to obstacles such as foreign intervention, Italian discord and lack of a strong national consciousness. Italy was divided into eight political provinces in 1815 after the Napoleonic Wars.

The Franco-Austrian War of 1859 catalyzed the physical process of Italian unification. Austria was defeated by France and Piedmont in Magenta and Solferino and abandoned Lombardy.

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Answer:

State governments caused trouble for the federal government in its relationships with Spain and Britain by engaging in actions that conflicted with federal foreign policy. For example, state governments may have sent their own diplomats to negotiate treaties with foreign powers or authorized private citizens to engage in trade or other activities without federal approval. Additionally, some state governments supported anti-federal policies and actions that could have interfered with the ability of the federal government to maintain peaceful relations with foreign powers.

A stronger federal government could have taken several actions to solve this problem, such as:

Establishing a clear and consistent foreign policy that all states were required to follow.

Giving the federal government the power to regulate foreign trade and commerce, which would have prevented states from engaging in activities that conflicted with federal policy.

Enforcing federal laws and regulations that restricted state interference in foreign affairs, such as by punishing state officials who violated federal policy.

Increasing the power of the presidency and the federal courts to enforce federal laws and regulations, which would have strengthened the ability of the federal government to enforce its foreign policy.

Strengthening the power of the federal government to collect taxes and raise an army, which would have enabled the federal government to exert greater control over state actions and enforce federal policy.

By these actions, the federal government could have prevented state interference in foreign affairs and ensured that the United States presented a united front to the world.

The Declaration of Sentiments was modeled after the U.S. Declaration of Independence and borrowed language from the antislavery movement.

68 women and 32 men, or 100 out of about 300 attendees during the first women's rights convention to be organized by women, signed the Declaration of Sentiments, often known as the Declaration of Rights as well as Sentiments, in 1848.

The declaration, which is commonly referred to as the Declaration of Sentiments, was inspired by the Declaration of Independence. It declared that "all men and women are created equal" and vowed that women would act to reclaim the citizenship rights that men had previously denied them.

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Opportunities and restrictions both women & nonelites differed based on the country & particular time period during the Latin American revolutions of 1800–1850.

The vast majority of both Spanish and Portuguese Americas suddenly became free after 300 years of colonial control. With the exception of the Spanish colonies of Cuba and Puerto Rico, all of Latin America managed to escape the control of the Iberian powers that had dominated the continent since the invasions in 1808 and 1826.

There were mentions of the "great revolutions" in Mexico in 1910, Bolivia from 1952 to 1959, Cuba from 1959 to 1980, and Nicaragua in 1979. To topple the previous political, economic, social, and cultural regimes, such social revolutions involved a significant, violent, and voluntarist battle for political power.

With the probable exception of Cuba and Puerto Rico, the majority of Spanish America achieved independence through violent conflict in the early 19th century.

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The founders hooked up Congress as a bicameral legislature as a test towards tyranny.

They feared having any one governmental physique emerge as too strong.

This bicameral system distributes energy within two homes that take a look at and stability one every other instead than concentrating authority in a single body.

Why did the founders of the U.S.

To compromise, the Congress would be a bicameral legislature— a lawmaking body with two houses—consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate to make certain anyone had equal representation.

Bicameral skill that Congress has two houses: the House of Representative and the Senate.

We have the two homes of Congress due to a compromise made by way of the Founding Fathers in the course of the Constitutional Convention.

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The Christian calendar was introduced to Rome when the empire converted to Christianity in the 4th century. This system of dating is still used internationally.

The Christian calendar, a system of dating that is still used around the world, was formally introduced to Rome when the Roman Empire converted to Christianity in the 4th century.

This new system of dating has become a standard for many countries to keep track of time, as well as to commemorate important Christian holidays.

It is based on the birth of Jesus, with each new year beginning on December 25th. The calendar includes seven days of the week and twelve months, each lasting an average of thirty days.

It is a simple yet effective way to keep track of the passing of time, and to celebrate the most important events in the Christian faith.

Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:

Fill In The Blank

The Christian calendar was introduced in Rome only when the ............ converted to Christianity. this system of dating is still used internationally.

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"The Yellow Wallpaper" depicts how a mind already plagued by anxiety can deteriorate and begin to prey on itself when forced into inactivity and barred from healthy work.

In "The Yellow Wallpaper," Gilman employs psychological horror story conventions to criticize the role of women within the institution of marriage, particularly as practiced by the "respectable" classes of her time. When the story was first published, most readers saw it as a scary story about a woman in a trance—a gripping, disturbing entertainment, but nothing more.

However, since its rediscovery in the twentieth century, interpretations of the story have become more complex. According to Gilman, the traditional nineteenth-century middle-class marriage, with its rigid distinction between "domestic" female functions and "active" male work, ensured that women remained second-class citizens.

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I went in the direction of the Antarctic Peninsula while viewing the North and South Poles.

The South Pole, often referred to as the Geographical South Pole, Astronomical South Pole, or 90th Meridian South, is the northernmost point on Earth. It is approximately 12,430 miles from North Pole and is situated on the other side of the world.

The absence of a local population makes Antarctic a distinctive country. Although seven states each claim a piece of Antarctica, there are no governments in Antarctica: Australian, New Zealand, France, Norway, the UK, Chile, Argentina, Zealand, and Norway

There are up to 1,300 individuals residing in these little towns, and there are also just six.

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Answer:

Before French rule 80 per cent of Vietnamese were literate in Chinese but by the end of 1940 only 20 per cent of boys were at school and a much smaller per cent of girls. The French exploited Vietnamese resources and labour. They paid the people minimal wages and forced them to work in horrific conditions.

The status of newly acquired territory following the Mexican-American War was the primary focus of the Compromise of 1850, which served as a temporary truce on the issue of slavery.

Actually, the Compromise was a collection of bills passed primarily to address slavery-related issues. The bills established a stricter fugitive slave act, banned the slave trade in the District of Columbia, settled a Texas boundary dispute, and mandated that the issue of slavery be decided by popular sovereignty when new states were admitted. Slavery-related sectional disagreements were putting a strain on the North-South union by 1850. When Congress started to think about whether western lands acquired after the Mexican-American War would allow slavery, these tensions got even more serious. California made a request in 1849 for permission to join the Union as a "free state," which meant that it would not allow slavery. The balance between "slave" and "free" states that had existed since the Missouri Compromise of 1820 would be destroyed by adding additional senators from "free states" to Congress. Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky proposed a series of resolutions to "adjust amicably all existing questions of controversy...arising out of the institution of slavery" because everyone looked to the Senate to ease the situation. Clay made an effort to structure his compromise in such a way that nationalist senators would support legislation that would benefit the Union.

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Answer:

b,schlieffen plan

Explanation:

This strategy assumed that Russia, having recently lost the Russo-Japanese War, would take at least six weeks to mobilize its troops and attack Germany from the East.

An aspect of early roman religion helped to establish family households as the basic unit of roman society is the worship of ancestors.

In some ways, Roman religion was very similar to Greek religion, but in other ways, they were also quite different. Like the Greeks, the Romans also believed in many gods, and each god controlled different elements of the world and life, such as storms, oceans, marriage, blacksmithing, etc. But the Romans were more interested in the concept of a contract, compared to the Greeks who preferred the concept of balance. One of the Roman religious concepts was "do ut des" (I give and you will give back). People made offerings to the gods so that the gods would give them a favor in return.

The main Roman god was Jupiter. His name is related to the main Greek god, Zeus, and they also have a lot in common. Both of them are sky gods and have weapons in the form of lightning. Meanwhile, the Roman goddesses Juno and Minerva are related to the Greek goddesses Hera and Athena.

After being conquered by the Romans, the peoples of Africa (including Egypt), Europe, and West Asia (including the Jews) continued to worship their respective gods while adopting the worship of the Roman gods. Roman leaders had no objection to people worshiping multiple gods, however many. But they didn't like it when Jews and Christians refused to worship the Roman gods.

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Between 1800 and 1860, several significant changes occurred in the South's plantation crops, labor system, defense of slavery, and elite planter lifestyle.

Plantation crops: The most significant change was the expansion of cotton cultivation. Cotton became the dominant crop in the South, surpassing tobacco and other crops in importance. This was due to the invention of the cotton gin in 1793, which made it easier to process cotton and increased the demand for it.

Labor system: The labor system in the South also changed during this time period. As cotton cultivation expanded, the demand for enslaved labor also increased. This led to the forced migration of enslaved people from the Upper South to the Lower South to work on cotton plantations.

Defense of slavery: The defense of slavery also evolved during this time period. In the early 1800s, many Southerners argued that slavery was a necessary evil and that it would eventually die out. However, by the mid-1800s, the defense of slavery became more aggressive, with pro-slavery advocates arguing that it was a positive good and that it was essential to the South's economy and way of life.

Elite planter lifestyle: The lifestyle of the elite planters also changed during this time period. As cotton cultivation expanded, many planters became very wealthy, and they used their wealth to build grand plantations and to live a lavish lifestyle. They also became increasingly politically powerful and played a dominant role in the politics of the South.

Overall, the period between 1800 and 1860 was a time of significant change in the South, with the expansion of cotton cultivation, the growth of the enslaved labor force, the evolution of the defense of slavery, and the rise of a wealthy and powerful elite planter class.

Answer:

Explanation:

The most significant difference between the West African empires and West African forest states was the level of political complexity. West African empires had a much more structured and centralized political system with a more complex bureaucracy. They had well-defined laws, hierarchies, and systems of taxation. They were also much larger than the West African forest states, which had a simpler and more localized political system. The forest states were more autonomous and had a less structured political system with fewer laws and less of a bureaucracy. They also had a different type of economy, focusing more on subsistence farming and trading rather than large-scale commercial enterprises.

Ruth First was a South African anti-apartheid activist and scholar. She was a leading member of the Communist Party of South Africa and was involved in various anti-apartheid organizations, including the Congress of Democrats and the South African Communist Party. She was detained and exiled by the South African government during apartheid and was eventually assassinated by a parcel bomb in 1982.

Answer:

Ruth First, in full Heloise Ruth First, (born May 4, 1925, Johannesburg, South Africa—died August 17, 1982, Maputo, Mozambique), South African activist, scholar, and journalist known for her relentless opposition to South Africa’s discriminatory policy of apartheid. In 1982 she was assassinated while living in exile.

Explanation:

The answers to the given fill in the blanks are: 1) 1793 2) means of the guillotine 3) Convention 4) Reign of Terror 5) 1794 6) The directory 7) Napoleon Bonaparte.

In 1791, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette attempted to flee Paris but were recaptured and, in 1793, Louis XVI was executed by means of the guillotine. Maximillian Robespierre, who had been a major leader in the Revolution, responded to the chaos in France by handing over power to the Convention with the goal of returning order. This chapter of Revolution is known as the Reign of Terror. Towards in the end of the Revolution, in 1794, Robespierre himself was put to death by guillotine and a more moderate group assumed a leadership role. This transfer from radicalism to a more moderate form of government is known as a the Directory. Overall, the Revolution had transformed France. The next phase of French history started shortly thereafter, as Napoleon Bonaparte took over through a coup in 1799 to become Emperor of France. The Napoleon Bonaparte was a well-known French military leader and political figure who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led successful campaigns throughout the Revolutionary Wars. Later in life, he adopted the regnal name Napoleon I .As First Consul from 1799 until 1804, then as Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814.

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Relief meant that the president sought to instantly assist those who were in need by establishing welfare, bread lines, and jobs. Fixing the economy and putting an end to the Depression were the goals of recovery.

Relief, Reform, and Recovery were together referred to as the "three "Rs" of the New Deal because Roosevelt thought they might bring about economic stability in the country. Reform initiatives concentrated on ways to guarantee that the American public would never experience another downturn like the one that hit in the 1930s. The handling of money from the stock market and banking industry to the individual citizen was typically the emphasis of these initiatives, which also included the Securities and Exchange Commission, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and Social Security Administration.

The Relief initiatives, which are the subject of this section, were put in place right away to halt the ongoing economic freefall. These included bank holidays that would close financial institutions when a wave of financial panic erupted in addition to the Emergency Banking Act, which made sure that only solvent banks remained open. The Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA), and the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) also offered immediate assistance in the form of cash payments and temporary jobs. assisting in the creation and upkeep of the nation's transportation network as well as practically laying the groundwork for the nation's National Parks.

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A traditional aztec headdress that belonged to Montezuma was made from quetzal bird feathers [b].

What are feathers from quetzals?

The ancient Aztecs and Mayas revered the quetzal as the "god of the air" and as a sign of righteousness and light, and they were particularly fond of its iridescent emerald tail feathers, which represent the growth of spring plants.

It's thought that Moctezuma gave Hernan Cortes, a Spanish conquistador from the sixteenth century, the headgear as a gift. On a foundation of gold adorned with precious stones, it is formed of the quetzal and other feathers set on a stand.

Therefore, Quetzal tail feathers were valued as emblems of riches by the Aztec and Mayan societies, and they were even used as money.

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A suffragist is a person that support and encourage the right to vote, mainly for women, They are part of the suffragist movement.

Prohibition is the act of banning something or outlawing something. E.g., Thalidomide is prohibited.

Prohibition is the act of banning the production, storage, use and possession of illicit substances.

Suffragists and different from suffragettes. A suffragist is a person who may use peaceful and non-violent means to campaign for women's right to vote. A suffragette is a person who may use any means to achieve the right to vote for women.

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