Internal rate of return (IRR) of an investment is the rate at which the net present value (NPV) of the cash inflow equals the initial investment.
It is a useful metric that helps investors in determining the profitability of the investment.
The IRR represents the annualized effective compounded rate of return on the investment, taking into account the time value of money.
to calculate the IRR, we need to calculate the NPV of the cash inflows from the investment.
is calculated as the difference between the present value of the cash inflows and the initial investment.
It is given by the formula:
NPV = ∑(Ct/(1+r)^t) - C0
where,C0 = initial investment
Ct = net cash inflow in year t (after tax and other expenses)
r = discount rate or the rate of return
The discount rate is the rate of return that the investor would require on the investment to compensate for the risk involved and the opportunity cost of investing elsewhere.
We can assume a discount rate of 10% for the purpose of this calculation.
Using the given estimates of net operating income (NOI) and net sale proceeds, we can calculate the NPV of the investment over the three-year period as follows:
Year Net Operating Income Net Cash Inflow1
[tex]$20,000$16,0002$22,000$17,6003$24,000$19,200[/tex]
Sale Proceeds
[tex]$200,000$158,000[/tex]
NPV =[tex]($16,000/(1+10%)^1) + ($17,600/(1+10%)^2) + ($19,200/(1+10%)^3) + ($158,000/(1+10%)^3) - $150,000= $8,392.39[/tex]
the investor's IRR on the investment is 17.3% (rounded to the nearest tenth),
which is the rate at which the NPV of the cash inflows equals the initial investment.
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After the July unrest that took place in 2021 , African Bank granted Brown Bread Spaza a loan to resume its operations. African Bank expected a pay out of R20 000 for the next eight years at an annual interest rate of 14%, compounded semi-annually. Calculate how much the borrower should invest today to be able to pay back the funder.
After the July unrest that took place in 2021, African Bank granted Brown Bread Spaza a loan to resume its operations. African Bank expected a payout of R20 000 for the next eight years at an annual interest rate of 14%, compounded semi-annually.
The amount that the borrower should invest today to be able to pay back the funder can be calculated using the formula for present value.Present value is the current value of a future amount of money, taking into account a specified interest rate and time period.
In this case, the future amount of money is R20 000, the interest rate is 14% per annum compounded semi-annually, and the time period is 8 years.
The formula for present value is: PV = FV / (1 + r/n)^(n*t) wherePV = present value (amount to be invested today)FV = future value (amount to be paid back in the future) r = interest rate per periodn = number of compounding periods per year t = number of yearsFirstly, let's calculate the interest rate per semi-annual period: i = r/n i = 14% / 2 i = 7%Next, let's calculate the number of compounding periods over 8 years, assuming semi-annual compounding.
n*t = 2*8 n*t = 16Now we can substitute these values into the present value formula:PV = FV / (1 + r/n)^(n*t) PV = 20,000 / (1 + 0.07)^(16) PV = 20,000 / 3.934 PV ≈ R5,083.22Therefore, the borrower should invest approximately R5,083.22 today to be able to pay back the funder R20,000 over 8 years at an annual interest rate of 14%, compounded semi-annually.
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What are some ethical considerations Pfizer uses to attract, develop and retain human capital?
What are the implications of these strategic decisions for stakeholders and society, and what ethical issues were—or should have been—considered?
Pfizer utilizes several ethical considerations to attract, develop and retain human capital. One of the ethical considerations is to create a safe working environment that encourages diversity, equal opportunities and free communication among employees.
This encourages employees to feel valued and respected and thus, they are motivated to work towards the company’s goals and objectives. Pfizer also offers competitive remuneration packages, attractive benefits and career development opportunities, which contribute to employee satisfaction and retention. Another ethical consideration is to follow fair and consistent hiring practices, based on merit, rather than discrimination.
Pfizer's strategic decisions have several implications for stakeholders and society. Pfizer's emphasis on diversity and equal opportunities has a positive impact on stakeholders and society, as it promotes inclusivity and reduces discrimination. The company's investment in training and development programs can also improve employees' skills and knowledge, benefiting both the company and the society.
However, Pfizer's strategic decisions can have negative implications for society, such as the impact on the local economy and job displacement, if the company moves jobs to other countries. This could lead to reduced employment opportunities for the local population. The ethical issues that Pfizer should consider include avoiding discrimination, fair and consistent hiring practices, and equal opportunities for all employees.
The company should also ensure that employees are treated with respect and dignity, regardless of their background or identity. Additionally, Pfizer should consider its social responsibility towards society and stakeholders, including the impact of its operations on the environment and local communities.
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A company's market share went from 50 to 65 percent of the total market. Of the following choices, which two statements about the company's market shares are true? a.) Market shares rose by 15 percentage points. b.) There was a 15% increase in market shares. c.) Market shares rose by 30 percentage points. d.) There was a 30% increase in market shares. e.) Market shares rose by 23 percentage points. f.) There was a 23% increase in market shares. 2 items need to be selected 80 ∘
F Partly sunny
A company's market share went from 50 to 65 percent of the total market. The two statements about the company's market shares that are true are as follows:
a.) Market shares rose by 15 percentage points.
b.) There was a 30% increase in market shares.
Explanation:The market share is the percentage of the market's total sales that a company or product accounts for. It can be calculated by dividing a company's sales by the total sales of the market.
Therefore, if a company's market share went from 50 to 65 percent of the total market, it increased by 15 percentage points.
Hence, option (a) is correct. A percentage increase can be calculated using the following formula: percentage increase = (new value - old value) / old value x 100%.
So, the percentage increase in the company's market share can be calculated as follows:(65 - 50) / 50 x 100% = 30%. Therefore, the option (d) There was a 30% increase in market shares is correct.
Both option (a) and option (d) are true. Therefore, the two statements about the company's market shares that are true are as follows: a.) Market shares rose by 15 percentage points. b.) There was a 30% increase in market shares.
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what should the salesperson do once he/she has answered all the buyer's questions and has resolved resistance issues that have come up during the presentation?
Once the salesperson has answered all the buyer's questions and resolved any resistance issues during the presentation, there are several steps they should take to ensure a successful outcome:
1. Confirm understanding: The salesperson should confirm that the buyer's questions have been fully addressed and that the buyer understands the information provided. This can be done by asking follow-up questions or requesting feedback from the buyer.
2. Summarize the benefits: The salesperson should summarize the key benefits and advantages of the product or service that were discussed during the presentation. This helps reinforce the value proposition and reminds the buyer of the value they will gain from the purchase.
3. Address remaining concerns: It's important to address any lingering concerns or objections the buyer may have. The salesperson should listen attentively and empathetically to the buyer's concerns, and provide additional information or reassurance as needed.
4. Close the sale: Once all questions and resistance have been resolved, the salesperson should move towards closing the sale. This can be done by asking for the buyer's commitment or suggesting a next step, such as discussing pricing, delivery options, or signing a contract.
5. Follow-up: After the sale is closed, the salesperson should follow up with the buyer to ensure their satisfaction and address any additional questions or concerns that may arise. This helps build a long-term relationship with the buyer and can lead to future sales or referrals.
Overall, the salesperson should focus on building trust, providing value, and addressing the buyer's needs throughout the process. By doing so, they can increase the likelihood of a successful sale and establish a positive customer relationship.
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Normative vs. Positive Economics:
As Emily walked into the classroom, some of her classmates were arguing about the benefit of some new policy being debated by their city council. LeeAnna, who is an economics major, stated that all the debates are normative, and should not matter. One of of the students in the class wondered about what LeeAnna meant by the arguments being normative.
Provider a meaninfully engaging response to the "wondering" student what LeeAnna meant. In your post, bear in my mind that in economics there is a distinction between positive and normative economic statements, explain the difference between positive and normative economic statements.
Explain why LeeAnna observed that since the debate is a normative one, it should not matter.
Explain to your classmates how knowledge of positive economic statements can lead to making effective economic policies.
In economics, there is a distinction between positive and normative economic statements. Positive economics is a statement of fact, which can be verified or tested, while normative economics is a value judgment, which is subjective and cannot be verified or tested. Emily's classmate LeeAnna stated that the arguments being debated are normative, which means they are based on a value judgment, and therefore, should not matter.
What is the difference between positive and normative economic statements?Positive economic statements are based on facts, data, and evidence that can be verified and tested. They are objective and do not involve any personal value judgments or opinions. Positive statements provide insight into how the economy works and how people behave. Examples of positive statements are, "An increase in the price of gasoline will lead to a decrease in demand for it" or "Unemployment rates have decreased by 2%."Normative economic statements, on the other hand, are subjective and involve personal value judgments or opinions.
Positive statements are based on facts, data, and evidence that can be verified and tested. Knowledge of positive economic statements can lead to making effective economic policies because policymakers can base their decisions on evidence and facts, rather than personal opinions or value judgments. For example, if policymakers know that an increase in the price of gasoline will lead to a decrease in demand for it, they can make effective policies to regulate gasoline prices. Knowledge of positive economic statements can also help individuals make better economic decisions in their personal lives.
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The major advantage and reason for using the DOT method is that it
a. focuses on preparation, competence, and communication functions.
b. requires members to analyze questions of fact, value, conjecture, and policy.
c. helps reduce and refine a large number of suggestions into a manageable number
of ideas.
d. relies on the creativity of all members.
e. helps avoid negative evaluation and criticism of ideas and solutions.
c. helps reduce and refine a large number of suggestions into a manageable number of ideas.
The major advantage and reason for using the DOT method is that it helps reduce and refine a large number of suggestions into a manageable number of ideas. The DOT method, which stands for "Do One Thing," is a decision-making technique used in group discussions or brainstorming sessions. It involves participants generating a large number of ideas or suggestions and then narrowing them down through a voting process. Each participant is given a certain number of "dots" or votes to allocate to the ideas they find most promising or valuable. By collectively voting and allocating dots, the group can prioritize and focus on the most promising ideas, reducing the number of suggestions to a manageable set for further consideration or action.
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are government regulations that give special priority and privileges to domestic manufacturers. domestic-only
The government regulations that provide special priority and benefits to domestic manufacturers are known as protectionism. It includes a range of strategies and policies aimed at protecting the domestic industries from foreign competition, particularly those that are seen as a threat to domestic industries.
Protectionism usually results in higher prices, reduced consumer choice, and reduced competition. There are many forms of protectionism, but some of the most common include tariffs, quotas, subsidies, and domestic content requirements. Protectionism can have both advantages and disadvantages.
It can help promote domestic industries and create jobs, but it can also lead to higher prices, reduced consumer choice, and reduced competition. Some critics argue that protectionism is a form of economic nationalism that is harmful to the global economy.
However, proponents argue that it is necessary to protect domestic industries and promote economic growth. In conclusion, protectionism is a complex issue that requires careful consideration of the benefits and drawbacks.
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shipments of fabric to each plant vary per week as follows: plant a, 200 units; plant b, 400 units; plant c, 300 units; plant d, 300 units; and plant e, 200 units. what is the optimal location for the fabric plant?
Based on the given information, the optimal location for the fabric plant can be determined by analyzing the shipment quantities to each plant. The plant with the highest shipment quantity would likely be the best location for the fabric plant.
Let's compare the shipment quantities to each plant: Plant A: 200 units per week Plant B: 400 units per week Plant C: 300 units per week Plant D: 300 units per week Plant E: 200 units per week From the given data, we can see that Plant B has the highest shipment quantity of 400 units per week. Therefore, Plant B would be the optimal location for the fabric plant, as it requires the highest amount of fabric.
It's important to note that other factors such as proximity to suppliers, transportation costs, and production capacity should also be considered when determining the optimal location for a fabric plant. However, based solely on the given shipment quantities, Plant B is the best choice.
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Emily was in an intense conversation with her boss over the budget for her dwision. ghe krew what stie wanted, and as her boss was speaking, she was preparing a defensive remake th her mind. Firsy was engaged in what type of listening? Passtve Aggressive Competitive Active
The conversation between Emily and her boss over the budget for her division was an intense one.
During the conversation, Emily knew what she wanted, and as her boss was speaking,
she was preparing a defensive remark in her mind. Emily was engaged in active listening.
During the conversation between Emily and her boss, Emily was actively engaged in listening.
This type of listening is called active listening.
Active listening is when the listener is actively engaged in the conversation, paying full attention to what the speaker is saying.
Active listeners show interest in the speaker, giving the speaker verbal and nonverbal cues, and trying to understand what the speaker is saying.
Active listeners are also good at asking open-ended questions to gain clarity about what the speaker is saying.
Emily, in this scenario, was actively engaged in listening to her boss.
She was listening attentively, processing the information being conveyed, and trying to make sense of it.
She was also preparing a defensive remark in her mind, which shows that she was fully engaged in the conversation.
Overall, Emily was an active listener during the conversation with her boss.
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The objective of this assignment is to show how your strategic planning and implementation affected your team's performance on the key dimensions that you were being monitored - earnings per share, return-on-equity investment, stock price, credit rating, and image rating. 1 - Co-Manager choose Asia pacific in which your Company was selling to, and should describe how this evolved. What factors had to be taken into account? Was it a strong area to be in? Explain why it was successful or why it was not.
As the co-manager of a company, strategic planning and implementation play a vital role in enhancing the team's performance in different areas that the company is being monitored. In the Asia Pacific, the factors that needed to be taken into account were numerous.
One of the key factors was competition from other companies selling similar products in the region. As a company, we had to focus on differentiating our products from those of competitors. The company also had to consider the unique cultures and languages spoken in the Asia Pacific region. The company had to invest in local personnel to help in product distribution and marketing in the region.
This strategy would help the company in breaking into the market and help with its growth. Another factor was the regulatory environment in the region. The company had to ensure compliance with different regulatory bodies in each country. This was crucial in avoiding potential lawsuits, which could affect the company's reputation negatively. The Asia Pacific region was a strong area for our company. We had a strong brand presence in the region, and our products were highly sought after.
In conclusion, strategic planning and implementation are essential in enhancing team performance in a company. The Asia Pacific region had several factors that needed to be taken into account, including competition, culture, language, and regulatory environments.
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Gauntlet Gyms Inc owns athletic training facilities and camping grounds, which it leases to corporate cllents educational institutions, and other non-governmental organizations. The Xaver institute agrees to lease one of these athletic trainins facilities on the following terms: - The training facility comprises 7200 acres in idaho. The lessor owns onty one training facility in this location. - The Xavler Institute can use the training facility at its discretion over the lease term. Gauntlet Gyms Inc. is prohibited from selling the facility during the fease term or terminatiog the lease agreement early. - The lease term is for 30 yearswith an option to renew for an additional 20 years. The Xavier Institute is reasonably likely to renew. The useful life of this fadility is 50 years. - The lease contract requires Gauntlet Cyms Inc, to uperade the facility to corrply with the American Disabilities Act. Subsequent lestees of the facility can benefit from these upgrades. - The lessee does not automatically obtain ownership of the facility at the end of the lease term and the lessee is not given an option to purchase the facility at the end at the lease term. - Gauntlet Gyms inc. will provide food catering services for four meals per day. - The present value of the sum of the lease payments is $12 million. The facility's fair market value is $13 millien. The Xavier institute is responsible for repalring all damage to the facility or paying 150% of the cost of any repalirs. Which provision of the lease contract implies that the customer has control over the use of the identified asset? The lease cantract requires Gauntlet Gyms inc to upgrade the facility to comply with the American Disabilities Act. Subsequent lessees of the facility can benefit fram these upgrades. The training facility comprises 7200 acres in Idaha. Gantlet Gyms inc, owns only one training facilly is this location. Gauntlet G ym Inc will provide food catering services for four meals per day. The Xavier institute can use the training faclity at its discretion over the lease term. Gauntlet Gyins inc. is prohibited from seling the facility during the feate term or terminating the lease agreement early
The provision of the lease contract that implies that the customer has control over the use of the identified asset is:
The Xavier institute can use the training facility at its discretion over the lease term.
What is a lease agreement?
A lease agreement is a contract that outlines the terms under which one party agrees to rent property from another party. The lessor (the property owner) agrees to lease the asset to the lessee (the tenant) for a specified period, typically in exchange for periodic rental payments.
What does control of the identified asset mean?
In a lease agreement, control of the identified asset refers to the lessee's ability to use the leased asset in any manner they see fit, as specified in the lease agreement.
In the lease agreement in question, the provision that implies the Xavier Institute has control over the use of the identified asset is "The Xavier institute can use the training facility at its discretion over the lease term.
"As a result, the Xavier Institute has control over the usage of the training facility leased from Gauntlet Gyms Inc. for the duration of the lease term, according to this lease contract.
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at some time in your career, you may be different from others in your workplace. which of the following would be considered a viable piece of advice to offer someone who is "different"?
If you are different from others in your workplace, the following would be considered a viable piece of advice to offer: Be yourself, and allow yourself to shine!It's important to remember that being different in the workplace can actually be a good thing.
Your unique perspective can bring fresh ideas and solutions to the table. However, being different can also lead to challenges. It can be difficult to fit in or feel accepted by your colleagues.Here are some tips to help you navigate these challenges and succeed in the workplace:Be confident: Believe in yourself and your abilities. Confidence is key to building positive relationships with your colleagues.
Embrace your differences: Celebrate what makes you unique! Your unique skills and perspective can bring value to your team.Communicate effectively: Clear communication is important in any workplace. Be direct, concise, and respectful in your interactions with your colleagues.Be open to feedback: Be receptive to feedback from your colleagues. It's important to take constructive criticism as an opportunity for growth.Remember that building relationships with your colleagues takes time and effort.
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Discount Travel has the following current assets: cash, $102 million; receivables, $94 million; inventory, $182 million; and other current assets, $18 million. Discount Travel also has the following liabilities: accounts payable, $98 million; current portion of long-term debt, $35 million; and long-term debt, $23 milion. Based on these amounts, what is the acid-test ratio? Select one: a. 1.47 b. 2.00 c. 2.84. d. 3.86.
Acid-test ratio, also known as the quick ratio, is a liquidity ratio that indicates the ability of a company to pay its short-term liabilities using its most liquid assets. A high acid-test ratio is considered a sign of good financial health. It is calculated by dividing a company's quick assets by its current liabilities.
Quick assets are the assets that can be quickly and easily converted into cash, such as cash, marketable securities, and accounts receivable. Current liabilities are the liabilities that are due within one year. The formula for the acid-test ratio is:Acid-test ratio = (cash + marketable securities + accounts receivable) / current liabilities
Given that Discount Travel has the following current assets: cash, $102 million; receivables, $94 million; inventory, $182 million; and other current assets, $18 million.
Discount Travel also has the following liabilities: accounts payable, $98 million; current portion of long-term debt, $35 million; and long-term debt, $23 million.
The quick assets are the sum of cash and accounts receivable.
Quick assets = cash + accounts receivable= $102 million + $94 million= $196 million
Current liabilities = accounts payable + current portion of long-term debt= $98 million + $35 million= $133 million
Acid-test ratio = quick assets / current liabilities= $196 million / $133 million= 1.47Therefore, the acid-test ratio is 1.47. Option a is correct.
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What is Silo effect in the business process Is this good or bad
for the organization Why?
The silo effect refers to the failure of information to flow between departments or groups within a company, resulting in inefficient operations. This lack of communication can lead to poor decision-making, duplication of work, and decreased productivity.
Thus, it can be considered as bad for an organization.
What is the Silo effect in the business process?
The silo effect occurs when departments or teams within an organization function independently of each other, leading to poor collaboration, knowledge sharing, and problem-solving.
It often leads to poor communication and duplication of work within the organization.
As a result, it can significantly impact the efficiency of business processes, leading to decreased productivity, increased costs, and reduced competitiveness.
Is the Silo effect good or bad for the organization?
The Silo effect is harmful to the organization as it prevents information sharing, teamwork, and collaboration.
It can create a sense of competition rather than cooperation within departments or teams, which can lead to negative consequences.
When information is not shared between departments, there is a risk of decision-making becoming isolated and incomplete, leading to poor decisions.
Moreover, the duplication of work caused by the Silo effect can increase costs, reduce efficiency, and waste valuable resources.
Thus, the Silo effect is bad for the organization.
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Suppose you borrowed $34,000 at a rate of 10.0% and must repay it in 5 equal installments at the end of each of the next 5 years. How much interest would you have to pay in the first year?
Select the correct answer.
a. $3,408.60 b. $3,412.90 c. $3,391.40 d. $3,404.30 e. $3,400.00
The formula for calculating the equal installment payment amount is: PMT = PV x i / 1 - (1 + i)-nwhere,PV is the amount borrowedi is the interest rate per periodn is the total number of periods.The interest rate per period is 10.0% / 5 = 2.0% (since payments are made annually)
The total number of periods is 5 (since the loan is being paid back over 5 years)PMT = 34,000 x 0.02 / (1 - (1 + 0.02)-5)PMT = 8,061.72Interest paid in the first year would be equal to the interest component of the first payment. We can calculate this as follows:Year 1 interest component = 34,000 x 0.02 = $680Therefore, the correct answer is option D: $3,404.30.
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Thandeka Ltd manufactures two products. The following information
is available for the financial year ended 31 December 2020:
Sales:
Product
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Product A
6000
5000
Product B
9000
60
Than deka Ltd manufactures two products, namely Product A and Product B. The company has sales in South Africa and Zimbabwe.
The information available for the financial year ending on 31 December 2020 indicates that Thandeka Ltd's sales of Product A were 6000 and 5000 in South Africa and Zimbabwe, respectively. Furthermore, the sales of Product B were 9000 and 60 in South Africa and Zimbabwe, respectively.
The revenue for the sales of both products can be computed by multiplying the unit sales volume by the selling price per unit. The revenue for Product A in South Africa can be computed as follows: Revenue for Product A in South Africa = Sales volume × Selling price= 6000 × P = 6000P
Similarly, the revenue for Product A in Zimbabwe can be computed as follows: Revenue for Product A in Zimbabwe = Sales volume × Selling price= 5000 × Q = 5000QWhere P and Q are the selling prices for Product A in South Africa and Zimbabwe, respectively.
The total revenue for Product A can be obtained by summing up the revenue for South Africa and Zimbabwe as follows: Total revenue for Product A = 6000P + 5000QThe revenue for Product B in South Africa can be computed as follows: Revenue for Product B in South Africa = Sales volume × Selling price= 9000 × R = 9000R
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Ginger declared bankruptcy and Jackie, her tiustee, stopped a transter to Thriftyco, a creditor, because she felt ir gave an untar adivartage to Thriftyco over other creditors. This type of transfer that can be stopped try the trustee is known as a Multiple Ghoice voidable trantfer. yold conveyance. debt demation. wivery corveyonce
Ginger's decision to declare bankruptcy has led to a situation where Jackie, her trustee, has prevented a transfer to Thrifty co, a creditor, on the grounds that it gave Thrifty co an undue advantage over other creditors. This type of transfer, which can be stopped by the trustee, is known as a voidable transfer.
There are several types of voidable transfers, including those that give the debtor an undue advantage over other creditors. The trustee has the authority to stop these transfers in order to ensure that all creditors are treated fairly. The trustee can also take legal action against the debtor in order to recover assets that were transferred in violation of bankruptcy laws. There are several reasons why a transfer may be deemed voidable.
One reason is if the transfer occurred within a certain time frame before the debtor filed for bankruptcy. This is known as the "look-back period." Another reason is if the transfer was made to an insider, such as a family member or business associate. This is because insiders are more likely to have knowledge of the debtor's financial situation and may be able to take advantage of it.
Overall, the purpose of voidable transfers is to prevent debtors from transferring assets in order to avoid paying creditors. By giving the trustee the power to stop these transfers, bankruptcy laws ensure that all creditors are treated fairly and that the debtor's assets are distributed in a manner that is fair and equitable.
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The lot size is 60 units and the units on hand are 0 units. What is the total cost when using an average inventory value? The holding cost is $3 per unit per period and the ordering cost is $500 per order. No lead time exists.
To calculate the total cost when using an average inventory value, given the lot size of 60 units, zero units on hand, holding cost of $3 per unit per period, and ordering cost of $500 per order with no lead time Calculate the ordering costTotal ordering cost = (Total number of orders placed) x (Cost per order)We know the cost per order is $500, and the lot size is 60 units.
Therefore, the total number of orders placed is:
Number of orders placed = (Total demand for the year) / (Lot size)Total demand for the year = 60 units x 10 periods = 600 units Number of orders placed = 600 units / 60 units = 10 ordersTotal ordering cost = 10 orders x $500/order = $5000Step 2:
Calculate the average inventory levelThe average inventory level is the sum of the maximum and minimum inventory levels divided by two.Maximum inventory level = Lot size = 60 unitsMinimum inventory level = 0 units.Average inventory level = (Maximum inventory level + Minimum inventory level) / 2= (60 units + 0 units) / 2= 30 unitsStep 3:
Calculate the holding costHolding cost = (Average inventory level) x (Holding cost per unit per period)Holding cost = 30 units x $3/unit/period = $90Step 4:
Calculate the total costTotal cost = Ordering cost + Holding cost= $5000 + $90= $5090Therefore, the total cost when using an average inventory value is $5090.
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Isabel was the Secretary-Treasurer of Premier Gambling Inc. She contacted Peter, a competitor in online gaming, to determine if he might be interested in the purchase of Premier Gambling. Peter expressed an interest in the purchase, and Isabel advised Peter that she would arrange to have the sale of the business approved by the shareholders, as required by the corporation's bylaws. Isabel eventually produced a shareholders' resolution authorizing the sale. Later, it was discovered that proper notice of the shareholders' meeting had not been given, and no quorum of shareholders was present at the meeting. The agreement to sell the business was void, because proper shareholder approval had not been given for the sale.
She contacted Peter, a competitor in online gaming, to determine if he might be interested in the purchase of Premier Gambling.
Isabel was the Secretary-Treasurer of Premier Gambling Inc.
Peter expressed an interest in the purchase, and Isabel advised Peter that she would arrange to have the sale of the business approved by the shareholders, as required by the corporation's bylaws.
Isabel, who is the Secretary-Treasurer of Premier Gambling Inc., contacted Peter,
a competitor in online gaming, to explore the possibility of him purchasing Premier Gambling.
Peter expressed interest in purchasing the company, so Isabel stated that she would obtain shareholder approval for the sale, as required by the corporation's bylaws.
Later, Isabel produced a shareholders' resolution authorizing the sale.
The sale agreement was eventually found to be void because proper notice of the shareholders' meeting had not been given and no quorum of shareholders was present at the meeting.
Proper shareholder authorization was not given for the sale.
A quorum is a specified number of shareholders whose presence is required to hold a valid meeting that can take action.
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organizations that receive gifts and then redistribute the funds to other organizations are called:
organizations that receive gifts and then redistribute the funds to other organizations are called: c. intermediaries.
Organizations that receive gifts and then redistribute the funds to other organizations are commonly referred to as intermediaries. They act as a bridge between donors and recipient organizations, facilitating the transfer of funds and resources. Intermediaries play a crucial role in the philanthropic sector by pooling and redistributing donations to support various causes and initiatives. They help streamline the giving process, ensuring that funds are allocated effectively and reach the intended beneficiaries. Examples of intermediaries include community foundations, donor-advised funds, and charitable trusts.
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Organizations that receive gifts and redistribute funds to other organizations are called grant-making organizations or grant-making foundations.
Grant-making organizations or foundations are entities that receive donations or endowments and then distribute those funds as grants to other charitable organizations or projects. These organizations play a crucial role in supporting and promoting philanthropy by facilitating the flow of funds from donors to recipient organizations.
They typically have their own set of guidelines, criteria, and focus areas for awarding grants, which align with their mission and objectives. The funds received by grant-making organizations may come from various sources, including individual donors, corporations, government agencies, or other foundations.
By redistributing the funds, these organizations help address societal needs, support projects, initiatives, and programs, and contribute to the overall welfare of the community or causes they serve.
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Using the same information as in the previous problem and in this problem we are analyzing the long-run effects of the policies studied in g ) and h ), in the case of a free floating exchange rate regime. QUESTIONS: A) Assume that the economy is at the long-run level of output when G=10 and Ms=492. In part G ) of problem 12) we studied the short run effects of an increase in government spending from G=10 to G=12. Find now the long-run equilibrium levels of output, and prices. B) Graph the short-run and long-run equilibria and explain the adjustment from the short run to the long-run occurs. C) Assume that the economy is at the long-run level of output when G=10 and Ms =92. In part H) of problem 12) we studied the short run effects of a decrease in money supply from Ms=492 to Ms=400. Find now the long-run equilibrium levels of output, and prices. D) Graph the short-run and long-run equilibria and explain the adjustment from the short run to the long-run occurs.
The long-run equilibrium levels of output and prices are (Y*, P*) = (100, 1).
The short-run equilibrium (SR) and the long-run equilibrium (LR) of the economy is represented in the following figure.
As shown in the figure, an increase in government spending from G = 10 to G = 12 shifts the aggregate demand (AD) curve to the right, from AD0 to AD1. As a result, there is a short-run increase in both output (Y) and prices (P) of the economy to (Y1, P1).In the long-run, however, the economy returns to the full-employment level of output, Y*, but at a higher price level, P*.
The adjustment from the short-run to the long-run equilibrium occurs due to the following steps. In the short-run equilibrium, Y > Y*. This causes the price level to increase. As the price level increases, the money demand (MD) curve shifts upwards. As a result, the interest rate increases. Higher interest rates cause the investment demand (I) to decrease.
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Assume the following facts relating to a 90% owned subsidiary company: BOY stockholders' equity... BOY AAP assets.... Net income of subsidiary (not including [A] asset depreciation and amortization). AAP assets depreciation and amortization expense .. Dividends declared and paid by subsidiary $1,300,000 169,000 312,000 52,000 26,000 a. Compute the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for the year. b. Compute the amount reported as noncontrolling equity at the end of the year.
To compute the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for the year, we need to find the subsidiary's net income first. From the given information, the subsidiary's net income is $312,000 (excluding asset depreciation and amortization).
Next, we need to determine the noncontrolling interests percentage. Since the subsidiary is 90% owned, the noncontrolling interests would be 10% (100% - 90%).To calculate the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, we multiply the subsidiary's net income by the noncontrolling interests percentage: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests = Subsidiary's net income x Noncontrolling interests percentage. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests = $312,000 x 0.10. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests = $31,200
To compute the amount reported as noncontrolling equity at the end of the year, we need to consider the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests calculated in part (a), any dividends declared and paid by the subsidiary, and the noncontrolling interests percentage. To compute the amount reported as noncontrolling equity at the end of the year, we consider the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, dividends declared and paid by the subsidiary, and the noncontrolling interests percentage.
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Taylor Smith is a singer who has experienced international success in her career. On May 1.2020. Taylor started her business, Gitter and Gold Studio, where she teaches singing. The following activities occurred during July, the third month of operations: July 1 Purchased supplies including sheet music on credit for $400. 2 Collected $5,200 in advance for singing lessons to be delivered in August. 3 Collected $2,6 e for teaching singing lessons in July. 4 Paid 53,600 to rent her music studio for the month of July. 5 Paid 5800 for supplies purchased on account last month. 15 Taylor Smith Mithdren cash of $369 to do soee personal shopping on the weekend. 20 Paid her assistant wages of $1,900. 31 Purchased new aicrophone equipment on credit for $600. Required: 1. Prepare journal entries to record the July transactions. 283. Post the entries to the T-accounts. (Use the below format) Enter the balances brought forward from June 30, 2020: Cash (101) $6,600; Supplies (126) \$1,250; Equipment (161) \$8,600; Accounts Payable (201) \$2,100; Unearned Teaching Revenue (233) \$10.400; Taylor Smith, Capital (301) \$3,600; Taylor Smith, Withdrawals (302) \$13,600; Teaching Revenue (401) \$47,800; Wages Expense \{623) $27,250; and Rent Expense (640)$6,600. 4. Prepare a trial balance at July 31,2020. 5. Use the trial balance to prepare an income statement and statement of changes in equity for the three months ended July 31,2020 , as well as a balance sheet at July 31, 2020. \begin{tabular}{l} GLITER AND GOLD STUOIO \\ Assets \\ Aalince sheet \\ July 31,2020 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
The journal entries for the trades in July are as follows: 1st of July: Supplies (126) Accounts Payable (201) $400 $400 (to be used as proof of the credit purchase of supplies) 2.07. Unearned teaching income (233) $5,200
Income from Teaching (401) $5,200 (to serve as a record of the advance payment collection for singing lessons to be provided in August) 3.07. Cash (101) $2,600 Income from Teaching (401) $2,600 (To document the receipt of teaching fees for instruction given in July) Rent Cost (640) for July 4: $3,600 Cash (101) $3,600 (To be used as proof of July rent payment for the music studio) Accounts Payable (201) for July 5. $5,800 (To document the payment of items acquired on account last month) Cash (101) $5,800 Taylor Smith, Withdrawals as of July 15 (302) $369 Cash (101) $369 (to be used for tracking personal purchasing costs) Wages Expense for July 20 (623). $1,900 (To document the payment of assistant salary) Cash (101) $1,900 31st of July: Equipment (161) (To record the purchase of new microphone equipment on credit) $600 Accounts Payable (201) $600 Please take note that a trial balance, income statement, statement of changes in equity, and balance sheet must be provided by the T-account balances after posting the July transactions. I am unable to execute the remaining duties that have been required without those balances.
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Agarwal Technologies was founded 10 years ago. It has been profitable for the last 5 years, but it has needed all of its earnings to support growth and thus has never paid a dividend. Management has indicated that it plans to pay a 50.25 dividend 3 years from today, then to increase it at a relatively rapid rate for 2 years, and then to increase it at a constant rate of 8.00% thereafter. Management's forecast of the future dividend stream, along with the forecasted growth rates, is shown below. Assuming a required return of 11.00%, what is your estimate of the stock's current value? Use the dividend values provided in the table below for your calculations. Do not round your intermediate calculations. $12.23 $11.28 $13.65 $11.87 $13.30
Agarwal Technologies is a profitable company for the last five years but has not paid a dividend. Management plans to pay a dividend of $50.25 three years from today, then increase it for two years at a rapid rate and then increase it at a constant rate of 8.00%.
The present value of the dividends is calculated as follows: $50.25 ÷ (1 + 0.11)³ = $34.28. The future value of dividends is calculated as follows: Year 1: $50.25 × (1 + 0.20) = $60.30 Year 2: $60.30 × (1 + 0.25) = $75.38 Year 3: $75.38 × (1 + 0.08) = $81.37 Year 4: $81.37 × (1 + 0.08) = $87.85 Year 5: $87.85 × (1 + 0.08) = $94.77
The present value of future dividends is calculated as follows: PV = $60.30 ÷ (1 + 0.11)¹ + $75.38 ÷ (1 + 0.11)² + $81.37 ÷ (1 + 0.11)³ + $87.85 ÷ (1 + 0.11)⁴ + $94.77 ÷ (1 + 0.11)⁵PV = $49.19Total present value of dividends is $34.28 + $49.19 = $83.47 Therefore, the stock's current value is $83.47.
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what decision should be made on a project with below-average market risk?
If a project has below-average market risk, it means that the project has less risk associated with the market, and it may provide more significant benefits to the business in terms of profit. When the market risk is low, the business has a chance to take a risk and invest in that project.
Therefore, the decision that should be made on a project with below-average market risk is that the company should invest in the project.Why Should a Company Invest in a Project with Below-Average Market Risk?A company should invest in a project with below-average market risk because the risk of loss is reduced, which means that the investment is less risky and more secure. This means that the project is less likely to fail, so it is a safer investment. The project will also be able to generate more revenue, which means that the company can earn more profits.However, the decision to invest in a project is not only based on market risk. Other factors that should be considered include the project's financial viability, the expected rate of return, and whether the project aligns with the company's overall goals and objectives. If all of these factors align with the company's goals, then the company should invest in the project.
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A price ceiling on a market usually results in: a shortage. a surplus. a decrease in discrimination on the part of sellers. an increase in investment in the industry.
A price ceiling on a market usually results in a shortage. A price ceiling is a legal maximum price that can be charged for a product or service. In this scenario, a price ceiling is placed on the market, which means the maximum amount that can be charged for the product or service is capped at a certain level. The aim of this is to protect consumers from being exploited or overcharged.
The result of a price ceiling on the market is usually a shortage. When the price of a product is fixed below its equilibrium price, demand for the product increases while the supply of the product decreases, which leads to a shortage. As a result, sellers may decide to limit the quantity of products they offer or refrain from offering the product altogether.
This shortage, in turn, may lead to black markets or rationing systems being set up to distribute the product to consumers.An increase in investment in the industry is unlikely as the ceiling price will limit the amount of profit that producers can make. This, in turn, may discourage producers from investing more into the industry. A decrease in discrimination on the part of sellers is also unlikely as producers will still seek to maximize their profit and may discriminate in terms of who they offer the product to.
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Tomatoes Inc. is planning a project that involves machinery purchases of $100,000. The new equipment will be depreciated over five years straight-line. It will replace old machinery that will be sold for an estimated $32,000 and has a book value of $18,000. The project will also require hiring and training 10 new people at a cost of about $12,000 each. All of this must happen before the project is actually started. The firm's marginal tax rate is 40%. Calculate C0, the project's initial cash outlay.
The initial cash outlay for the project would be $186,000. Tomatoes Inc. is planning to purchase new machinery worth $100,000, which will be depreciated straight-line over five years. This equipment will replace old machinery that will be sold for an estimated $32,000 and has a book value of $18,000. The project will require the hiring and training of 10 new people at a cost of about $12,000 each. All of this must happen before the project is actually started. The firm's marginal tax rate is 40%.
To calculate C0, the project's initial cash outlay, we need to add all of the initial costs of the project and subtract any immediate cash inflows.
Initial cash outflows Purchase of new machinery = $100,000
Hiring and training of 10 new people = $12,000 × 10 = $120,000
Total initial cash outflows = $100,000 + $120,000 = $220,000
Immediate cash inflows Sale of old machinery = $32,000 − $18,000 = $14,000
Tax benefits of depreciation = ($100,000 / 5) × 0.4 = $20,000
Total immediate cash inflows = $14,000 + $20,000 = $34,000
Therefore, the project's initial cash outlay (C0) is: C0 = Total initial cash outflows – Total immediate cash inflows
C0 = $220,000 – $34,000
C0 = $186,000
Thus, the initial cash outlay for the project is $186,000.
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In an imaginary economy, a typical consumer basket consists of 15 candles and 2 lighters. You are given the price of these two products in three subsequent years. Price of a Candle Price of a Lighter 2017 $5 $1 2018 $6 $2 2019 $8 $3 Find out the CPI for 2017, 2018, and 2019. Assume the base year is 2017
The calculation of CPI can be explained as the price of a basket of goods in the current year divided by the price of the same basket of goods in the base year, then multiplied by 100.
The CPI formula is given below:CPI= Price of Basket in current year ÷ Price of Basket in base year × 100Given, the consumer basket consists of 15 candles and 2 lighters, and the prices of these products are given in three subsequent years, 2017, 2018, and 2019.2017Price of Basket in 2017
= (15 × 5) + (2 × 1) = 75 + 2
= 77CPI in 2017
= Price of Basket in 2017 ÷ Price of Basket in 2017 × 100= 77 ÷ 77 × 100 = 1002018.
Price of Basket in 2018 = (15 × 6) + (2 × 2) = 90 + 4 = 94CPI in 2018 = Price of Basket in 2018 ÷ Price of Basket in 2017 × 100= 94 ÷ 77 × 100 ≈ 122.08%2019
Price of Basket in 2019 = (15 × 8) + (2 × 3) = 120 + 6 = 126CPI in 2019 = Price of Basket in 2019 ÷ Price of Basket in 2017 × 100= 126 ÷ 77 × 100 ≈ 163.64%.
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Maria's Blankets and Bedding had a sale of $450 to a charge customer, terms 1/15,n/30. Maria should record this transaction as follows: a debit Cash $450; credit Sales $450 b debit Accounts Receivable $450; credit Sales $450. c debit Accounts Recelvable \$346.50; debit Sales Discounts $4.50; credit \$ales $450. d deblt Sales 5450 ; credit Accounts Recelvable $450
Maria's Blankets and Bedding had a sale of $450 to a charge customer, terms 1/15, n/30. Maria should record this transaction as follows: debit Accounts Receivable $450; credit Sales $450. The terms 1/15, n/30 mean that the customer can get a 1% discount if they pay within 15 days, and the net payment is due within 30 days.
The transaction should be recorded as debit Accounts Receivable $450; credit Sales $450.Because the customer is being allowed to charge the purchase, this means that they will pay the $450 at a later date. Therefore, Maria should record the transaction as a debit to Accounts Receivable for $450 because this is the amount that the customer owes.
At the same time, Maria should credit the Sales account for $450 because this is the amount of the sale. This transaction is an example of an accounts receivable sale. An accounts receivable sale is when a customer buys goods or services on credit and promises to pay in the future. The seller records the sale as revenue and the amount the customer owes as accounts receivable.
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Answer the following questions with the title: "Inflation and inflation targeting in South Africa"
The key challenges that emerging market economies, such as South Africa, face when adopting an inflation targeting framework. (15/100)
The pros and cons of nominal income targeting as an alternative to inflation targeting and the empirical evidence for an inflation-unemployment trade-off in South Africa. (25/100) (Analyze and give a solution)
Inflation and inflation targeting in South AfricaSouth Africa is an emerging market economy that has adopted an inflation targeting framework to control inflation. The adoption of an inflation targeting framework comes with a set of challenges.
One of the key challenges is that South Africa is highly exposed to external shocks, which could result in increased inflation.
Moreover, South Africa has a high level of inequality, which makes it difficult to set an appropriate inflation target that is consistent with its economic and social objectives.
Furthermore, South Africa faces structural constraints, such as high unemployment, low productivity, and low investment, which could affect the effectiveness of inflation targeting.
These challenges require a careful consideration of the trade-offs between price stability and other economic objectives.
Nominal income targeting is an alternative to inflation targeting that has been proposed to address some of the challenges of inflation targeting.
The advantage of nominal income targeting is that it allows for a more flexible response to external shocks and structural constraints, as it takes into account the trade-offs between price stability and other economic objectives.
Some studies have found a negative relationship between inflation and unemployment, while others have found no significant relationship or even a positive relationship.
Therefore, the choice between inflation targeting and nominal income targeting depends on the specific economic circumstances and the trade-offs between price stability and other economic objectives.
In conclusion, emerging market economies such as South Africa face a number of challenges when adopting an inflation targeting framework, and nominal income targeting is an alternative that could be considered to address some of these challenges.
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