The heart forces the blood to circulate through vessels in a closed
circulatory system.
What is circulatory system?
The circulatory system is a network of organs and vessels that transport blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body. It includes the heart, blood vessels, and the lymphatic system. The circulatory system is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body, as well as removing waste materials.
What is the Heart?
The heart is a muscular organ responsible for the circulation of blood throughout the body. It is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells, and taking away waste products. The heart is divided into four chambers: the right and left atria, and the right and left ventricles. The atria receive blood from the veins, while the ventricles pump blood to the lungs and other parts of the body. The heart also has a network of valves that regulate the flow of blood and help keep it moving in the right direction.
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please answer this , it's very important
"Dinosaurs went extinct 65 million years ago." This statement is an example of _____.
Answer:
simple et set ok be forst
gene sequencing is used to identify the flu virus. why would you sequence the hemaglutinin or neuraminidase?
As part of genetic characterisation, scientists have historically tracked influenza evolution using a sequencing approach known as "the Sanger method."
What does the N or neuraminidase gene do in comparison to what the H or hemagglutinin gene allows a flu virus to perform?Hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein is typically used by influenza A viruses to connect to cell surface sialic acid receptors; neuraminidase (NA) glycoprotein is then responsible for cleaving the receptor to allow virus release.
What functions do hemagglutinin and neuraminidase perform during an influenza infection?The fusion protein interacts with the viral type-specific hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein, which is in charge of virus attachment, to effectively induce membrane fusion.
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huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder, which is always lethal but which doesn't usually show symptoms until after age 40. a mother discovers she has huntington's. (assume she is heterozygous.) what is the probability her son will also develop the disease?
One faulty gene on chromosome 4—one of the 23 human chromosomes that contain a person's full genetic code—causes Huntington's disease, a degenerative brain condition.
Anyone who inherits this "dominant" defect from a parent who has Huntington's disease will eventually develop the condition.
Huntington's illness persists in human populations for two key causes, according to research on the evolutionary genetics of this condition: mutation in combination with weak selection.
The transmission of the Huntington's allele is depicted in the diagram to the right.
With dominant illnesses like Huntington's disease (HD), determining risks is typically not too difficult.
Each child typically has a 50% risk of getting it if one parent does. It is also likely that none of the children will catch the illness if neither parent does. Huntington's disease is a genetic dominant condition.
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Explain why dehydration synthesis make sense as the name of the reaction of creating polymers from monomers.
Dehydration synthesis is the process which involves the formation of large biomolecules such as polymers from small monomeric units.
What is Dehydration synthesis?
Dehydration synthesis is the process of synthesis of larger molecules from smaller monomers where a molecule of water is released. This process can be used in the creation of synthetic polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or the creation of large biomolecules such as carbohydrate polymers and triglycerides.
Monomers combine with each other using the covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers. In doing so, the small monomers release water molecules as byproducts of the reaction. This involves putting together of substances while losing water.
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Question 40 2 pts All of the following increases blood vessel permeability EXCEPT:
O Prostaglandins
O Leukotrienes
O Kinins
O Histamine
O Lysozymes
- Previous Next → Question 41 2 pts Activation of which one of the following protein is the beginning of classical pathway, alternative pathway, and lectin pathways?
O C5.
O C2
О СЗ.
O C1.
O C6
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Lysozymes is not responsible for increases blood vessel permeability.
What are Lysozymes?
Animals produce the antimicrobial enzyme lysozyme, which is a component of the innate immune system. This procedure is catalyzed by a glycoside hydrolase.N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins undergo ( beta 1 - 4)—linkage hydrolysis.The majority of gram-positive bacteria's cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan.The integrity of the bacterial cell walls is subsequently compromised by this hydrolysis, leading to lysis of the cells.Saliva, human milk, mucus, and tears are all plentiful in lysozyme. Additionally, it can be found in the cytoplasmic granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and macrophages (PMNs). In egg white, lysozyme can be detected in large quantities. C-type lysozymes belong to the same glycoside hydrolase family 22 as -lactalbumin because of their similarity in sequence and structure. The LYZ gene in humans encodes the C-type lysozyme enzyme.Classical pathway
The initial protein in the complement cascade, C1q, can start the classical pathway when it binds to the surface of the pathogen. As a result, it serves as a crucial link between the effector mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity. It can also be triggered during an adaptive immune response by the binding of C1q to antibody:antigen complexes.
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Explain how the composition of blood changes as blood flows through the respiratory system Please identify TWO organs that interact and explain how the chemical composition of blood changes as a result. . 20 points!!!
Our total body weight accounts for about 7 to 8 % of blood. Blood is a mixture of around 55 percent plasma and 45 percent blood cells. Blood running through the veins, arteries and capillaries is called whole blood.
How does the blood change as it flows through the respiratory system?
Blood circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system, delivers oxygen and nutrients to all the cells of the body.
The respiratory system consists of the respiratory passage and respiratory organ, that is the lungs.
Blood is carried to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries where it picks up oxygen. The blood then leaves the lungs and returns to the heart via the pulmonary vein. It then enters the left atrium. The blood then drops into the left ventricle through the mitral valve.
Transport of gases also occurs through blood.
For exchange or oxygenation, the deoxygenated blood is transported to the lungs from heart. Carbon dioxide is exchanged with oxygen as the blood flows through the respiratory system. For further circulation to various body parts, oxygenated blood is then transported to the heart.
Some amount of gases get dissolved in the blood plasma and get transported, whereas some amount of them is transported in the bound state.
So therefore, CO2 and oxygen bind with hemoglobin in RBC.
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Within a DNA molecule, which nitrogen base pairs with cytosine (C)?
coarctation of the aorta (coa) may be located: a. between the origin of the aortic arch and the origin of the first intercostal artery. b. exclusively on the aortic arch. c. proximal to the brachiocephalic artery. d. between the origin of the aortic arch and the bifurcation of the aorta in the lower abdomen.
The proximal descending aorta is discretely narrowed, and this lesion is known as coarctation of the aorta (CoA). It can also have an aortic or mitral stenosis.
Where is the site of the coarctation of the aorta (CoA)?Although coarctation of the aorta can affect any section of the aorta, it most frequently occurs close to the ductus arteriosus. The left pulmonary artery and the aorta are linked by that blood channel.
What causes coarctation of the aorta?Coarctation of the aorta is frequently regarded as a serious congenital heart condition because of this. The abnormality develops as the fetus grows and develops throughout pregnancy and the aorta fails to form properly.
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how are molecules broken down/built in our cells? what does it mean and what are the processes called?
Answer: It is the teacher who does not correct you
Explanation:
I took the test
higher expression of a gene protects a plant under heat stress. in a very hot summer, what kind of mutation will most likely happen?
Mutation that will most likely happen are:
A. Disruption of the gene
B. Duplication of the gene
C. Change in the promotor that increases expression of the gene.
A gene is the fundamental physical and purposeful unit of heredity. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules referred to as proteins. but, many genes do now not code for proteins.
Our genes incorporate instructions that inform your cells to make molecules referred to as proteins. Proteins perform various features on our body to keep you healthy. Every gene includes commands that determine your functions, together with eye color, hair shade and height.
Few genes act as commands to make molecules referred to as proteins.In human beings, genes vary in length from a few hundred DNA bases to extra than 2 million bases.
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what basic concept of biology includes the ideathat new cells can be produced only by the division of existing cells?
Answer: Cell theory
Explanation:
All of life on Earth exists in a region known as a. an ecosystem. b. a biome. c. the biosphere. d. ecology.
All ecosystems on Earth that support life are collectively referred to as the biosphere. Important resources are provided by the biosphere. The biosphere is a large-scale ecosystem made up of living things (biota) and the nonliving (abiotic) elements that sustain them. The correct option is (C).
What is ecology?
Ecology is the study of living things and how they relate to their surroundings. Autecology and synecology are the two primary divisions within ecology.
i.) Autecology, often known as species ecology, is the ecology of a single species.
(ii) Synecology, often known as community ecology, is the study of the ecology of a population or community that contains one or more species.
What is biosphere?
The biosphere is a small area of the earth's surface where soil, water, and air work together to support life. Only in this region is life possible. There are many diverse sorts of life, ranging from fungus and bacteria to huge animals.
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Explain Salt/freshwater.. the role each plays (Places like estuaries, deltas, and river mouths. Also, the density of Fresh, salt, and Ice water explains how they would be mixed together
Salt water is less dense than fresh water hence ice can float in fresh water but it would sink in salt water.
What is salt water and fresh water?We know that the aquatic habitat has to do with the pace where all the organisms that live in water can be found. Some of the organisms can be found in fresh water and some of the organisms can be found in salt water.
The organisms that are found in fresh water are the ones that live in a water that does not have a high concentration of dissolved salts. We have to know that the difference between the fresh water and the salt water is that the salt water has a greater concentration of dissolved salts than the fresh water.
The point where the fresh water and the salt water meets is where we call the estuary. When we come to the estuary, it is common to find the delta which is the deposited solid due to the mixing of the salt water and the fresh water.
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coordinates, regulates, and integrates body functions
Nervous tissue serves to coordinates, regulates, and integrates body functions.
What is the Nervous tissue?Nerve tissue is made up of elongated cells called neurons or nerve cells and glial cells. Neurons are nerve cells that are known to be the basic building blocks of the nervous system. Neurons are specialized in transmitting information throughout the body in the form of electrical impulses. The four types of glial cells in the CNS are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells and oligodendrocytes. Two types of glial cells found in the PNS are satellite cells and Schwann cells.
Nerve tissues are present in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for the coordination and control of many physical activities. It stimulates muscle contraction, increases awareness of the environment, and plays an important role in emotions, memory, and reasoning.
It is responsible for the coordination and control of many physical activities. It stimulates muscle contraction, increases awareness of the environment, and plays an important role in emotions, memory, and reasoning.
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The complete question is follows:
What type of tissue coordinates, regulates, and integrates body functions?
shiga toxins cause human cell damage and kill patients. if some scientists are making a vaccine using deactivated shiga toxin, what category of vaccine would it be?
It would fall under the toxoid vaccination group. Shiga toxins harm human cells and result in patient death. whether any scientists are employing deactivated shiga toxin in the creation of a vaccine.
What is the vaccination for group B?Globally, Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of sickness in newborns and young children. The World Health Organization has designated the implementation of a vaccine for pregnant women as a priority in order to prevent neonatal and newborn GBS illness (WHO).
What instances of subunit vaccinations exist?Include the MenACWY vaccine, which contains polysaccharides from the surface of four types of the bacteria that cause meningococcal disease in combination with diphtheria or tetanus toxoid, as well as the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (polysaccharide), hepatitis B, and acellular pertussis vaccines (protein subunit).
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what type of compensation is characterized by the detection of hypotension by baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch? chemical neural endocrine functional
Mechanoreceptors called baroreceptors are found in the aortic arch and carotid sinus are the type of compensation is characterized by the detection of hypotension by baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. By reacting to variations in the tension of the artery wall, they serve the purpose of sensing pressure changes.
Pre-shock or compensated shock - As the name implies, this stage is marked by compensatory mechanisms to counter the decrease in tissue perfusion, including tachycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, and changes in systemic blood pressure. The cardiovascular system initially reacts to hypotension shock by increasing the heart rate, increasing myocardial contractility, and constricting periphery vessels.When the patient has entered the compensatory stage, symptoms may include an altered level of consciousness, sinus tachycardia, the presence of an S3 or S4 gallop rhythm, jugular venous distention, hypotension, rapid, deep respirations, pulmonary crackles, and venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) less than 60.
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drag each label to the appropriate position to indicate which step of hemostasis it describes.
The first stage in hemostasis is vascular spasm, second is platelet drug formation and third stage is coagulation.
The first stage of hemostasis involves vascular constriction. The second stage involves disruption of prostacynin, endothelial collagen exposure and degranulation and serotonin, thromboxane A2 and ADP. The third stage is also known as clotting and occurs through conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin through intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms.
Hemostasis refers to the process that is responsible for wound healing and it stops bleeding through coagulation. It prevents blood flow to the external environment, which on occurence will cause death. It converts the liquid blood to gel. The processor hemostasis involves three steps as mentioned above.
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The complete question is attached in figure.
What are examples of types of chemical markers associated with DNA that determines when, where and by how much genes are expressed in each cell?
When, where, and how much proteins are generated in each cell are all regulated by the histone and epigenetic elements.
Is what DNA and what does it do?The informational element is DNA. Rna contains data needed to make proteins, which are other big proteins. These instructions be dispersed throughout 47 lengthy chromosome-like structures that are found within each of your cells. Countless smaller fragments of DNA, known as genes, make up each chromosomes.
Where in the body can you find DNA?The majority of a cell's DNA is found in the nucleus, but a tiny quantity is also found in the mitochondria, where it is known as mitochondrial DNA. Cellular organelles called mitochondria transform the energy from meals into such a form that can be utilized by cells.
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Increasing the pressure above the beaker is analogous to O an increase in solutes found in the blood O a decrease in blood volume O an increase in heart rate
O an increase in blood pressure
A rise in atmospheric pressure is comparable to an increase in blood pressure.
What is your blood pressure?
Arteries transport blood. Blood pressure is the force of your blood against the artery walls.
Heart disease and stroke, two of the top killers in the US, are both greatly increased by high blood pressure. Over half of adult Americans with high blood pressure don't have it under control, and close to one-third of them do. Many people with uncontrolled high blood pressure are unaware of their condition. Heart disease and stroke, two of the top killers in the US, are both greatly increased by high blood pressure. Over half of adult Americans with high blood pressure don't have it under control, and close to one-third of them do. Many people with uncontrolled high blood pressure are unaware of their condition.
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the biotic community of organisms in an area in addition to the abiotic environment affecting the community is called a(n)
An ecosystem includes both the biotic community of organisms in a place and the abiotic environment that influences that community.
An ecosystem, also known as an ecological system, is made up of all the organisms and the physical setting in which they live. The nutrition cycles and energy flows connect these biotic and abiotic elements.
Photosynthesis is how energy enters the system and is absorbed by plant tissue. Animals play a significant part in the transfer of materials and energy through the system by eating plants and one another.
They also have an impact on the biomass levels of the microbial and plant communities. In addition to facilitating nutrient cycling by transforming nutrients held in dead biomass back into a form that can be easily utilized by plants and microorganisms, decomposers also release carbon into the atmosphere through the breakdown of dead organic matter.
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the inducible operon regulates pathways and repressible operon regulates pathways. a) glycolysis.......krebs cycle b) substrate level......oxidative phosphorylation c) anabolic.....catabolic d) catabolic....anabolic e) endergonic....exergonic
This metabolic pathway is utilized both when catabolism is present and as an anabolic cellular principle. Access: Function Citric Acid Synthesis.
What do a repressible operon and an inducible operon mean?Some operons can be activated by the presence of a specific tiny molecule, a property known as induction. Others are repressible, which means that while they are on by default, a little molecule has the ability to turn them off.
What is regulated by repressible operons?E. coli's trp operon regulates the manufacture of tryptophan in cells from its first precursor chorismic acid. The genes for five proteins, which are needed to make three enzymes, are found in this operon.
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what is the adaptive value of dark skin tones in equatorial regions such as africa? what hypotheses might explain why skin tones lightened as humans came to occupy more northern latitudes? g
Skin tone has lightened as people have moved to more northern latitudes, resulting in overexposure to UV rays, which can deplete folate levels.
Populations closer to the equator tend to have dark skin to protect against UV rays, as overexposure to UV rays can reduce folate levels [ 8 , 9 ] and cause skin cancer [ 10 – 13 ]. A high UV environment exerts a strong selective pressure on the skin. and the human body which results in the evolution of permanent dark conformational pigmentation and can increase eumelanin production in response to seasonal increases in UVB. Natural selection favors dark skin near the equator because dark skin is a natural sunscreen that protects against UV radiation and protects the B vitamin folate.
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improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur can result in which outcome after cast removal?
After cast removal, improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur can result in malalignment of the fracture, pain, stiffness, limited range of motion, and decreased strength in the affected limb.
Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur can result in malunion. Malunion is a condition where the fracture fragments heal in a position that is different from their original alignment, resulting in a deformity.
Step by step, the outcome of improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur is as follows:
1. The fracture fragments fail to heal in the correct alignment due to improper reduction or immobilization of the fractured femur.
2. As a result, the fracture fragments heal in a position that is different from their original alignment.
3. This creates a deformity in the bone, which is known as malunion.
4. After cast removal, the patient may experience pain, stiffness, or deformity at the fracture site due to the malunion.
5. In some cases, the patient may require additional surgery to correct the deformity caused by the malunion.
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regulation of bacterial gene expression typically involves all of the following mechanisms except
a. Regulation of RNA processing
b. Repressor proteins bind to DNA and decrease the rate of transcriptio
c. all correct
d. all false
Regulation of RNA processing. Genetic components and processes such as DNA methylation, histone deacetylation, transcription factors, DNA sequence variations, and microRNAs (miRNAs) can affect at either the transcriptional or translational levels to modify gene expression.
Bacteria contain specific regulatory molecules that govern whether a certain gene will be translated into mRNA. These molecules frequently work by attaching to DNA close to the gene and assisting or inhibiting the RNA polymerase transcription enzyme.
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Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________. a. epiphyseal plate b. perichondrium c. periosteum d. medullary cavity
Option A: The epiphyseal plate's activity causes bones to lengthen.
The growth plate sometimes referred to as the epiphyseal plate, is found at the tip of long bones in between the metaphyses and epiphyses.
In the developing bodies of youngsters and adolescents, the hyaline cartilage that makes up the epiphyseal plate ossifies to form new bone. After puberty, the epiphyseal growth plate shuts.
This often happens around the ages of 13 and 15 for girls and between 15 and 17 for boys. A person who sustains an injury to their growth plates while the long bone is still forming runs the risk of experiencing issues with that bone's growth and development, including the possibility that the wounded bone will cease growing.
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Directions: Below are the significant events that occur during cell division. Identify which stages of Meiosis through Meiosis Il, including the interphase the following events occur; Write your answer in CAPITAL LETTERS_ Homologous chromosomes separate from each other 2. Crossing-over occurs 3. Individual chromatids move to each end of the cell; Two haploid daughter cells are formed_ Cells undergo round of DNA replication Homologous chromosomes line up in the centre of the cell: 7. Four haploid daughter cells are formed 8. Spindle fibers pull homologous pairs to ends of the cell: Nuclear membrane reappears and the chromosomes decondense_ 10. The cell initially grows_
There are 10 steps that occur in cell division.
What is cell division?The process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells is known as cell division. Cell growth and chromosome replication precede cell division, which often happens as part of a longer cell cycle. There are two different types of cell division that occur in eukaryotes: a vegetative division that results in daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, and a cell division that results in haploid gametes for sexual reproduction by reducing the number of chromosomes from two of each type in the diploid parent cell to one of each type in the daughter cells. In cell biology, the cell cycle includes the process of mitosis, in which duplicated chromosomes are split into two new nuclei. Genetically identical cells are produced as a result of cell division, and the total number of chromosomes is maintained.
There are 10 steps that occur in cell division
1. Meiosis I
2. Prophase I
3. Anaphase II
4. Cytokineses I
5. Prophase II
6. Metaphase I
7. Cytokineses II
8. Anaphase I
9. Meiosis II
10. Interphase
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A cell contains DNA damage that causes it to undergo apoptosis before reaching mitosis. This cell had twice the amount of DNA for a cell of this type. During which checkpoint did this cell trigger apoptosis?
Answer:
G1 Checkpoint
Explanation:
Data indicates that the G1 checkpoint is activated in response to mitotic DNA damage in the presence of p53, and that the mitotic DNA damage response is connected to the G1 checkpoint by p53. If cells continue to possess damaged DNA, apoptosis is induced in a p53-dependent manner.
drag the labels onto the wiggers diagram to identify specific events during the cardiac cycle.
Labeling are shown below in the picture given to identify specific events during the cardiac cycle:
What is the cardiac cycle?The process by which deoxygenated blood is changed into oxygenated blood in the lungs and then pumped by the heart to the body through the aorta is known as a cardiac cycle.
The cardiac cycle is described as the alternating contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles to circulate blood throughout the body. It begins at the start of one heartbeat and finishes at the start of the next.
The body's cells and organs get vital nutrients, hormones, oxygen, and other chemicals via the cardiovascular system. It is crucial in assisting the body in coping with the demands of stress, exercise, and activity. In addition to other things, it aids in maintaining body temperature.
Diagrams are shown below:
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The complete question is as follows:
A population of 1,492 Baltimore Orioles is introduced to an area of Nerstrand woods. Over the next year, the Orioles show a death rate of 0.395 while the population drops to 1,134. What’s the birth rate for this population? Round to the nearest thousandth place.
Based on the information provided, the birth rate for this population is 0.155.
What is the birth rate?In a population, the birth rate can be defined as the ratio of animals or individuals that are born alive compared to the total population. This variable is the opposite to the death rate that measures the number of deaths compare to the population.
How to calculate the birth rate?Calculate the change in the number of individuals in the population given:
1492 - 1134 = 358Divide this number by the total initial population
358 / 1492= 0.239Use the following formula
0.239 = birth rate - death rate0.239 = b - 0.395b = 0.395 - 0.239b = 0.155Learn more about birth rate in: https://brainly.com/question/14148819
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