what happens when light passes from air into water? does it slow down; when light travels from glass to air; when light travels from air to glass the ray of light bends; when light travels from air to glass what happens to the speed; when light travels from air to water does wavelength change; what happens when light travels from air to water; light refraction; what happens to a light ray when it travels from water into air?

The type of motion that is being described is linear motion and it is vector quantity because it has direction.

A linear motion is a type of motion in which the displacement of the object is directly proportional to the speed and time of motion of the object.

Also this type of motion occurs in a straight line.

The formula for final velocity in a linear type of motion is given as;

v = u + at

where;

From the given statement, our equation becomes;

15 m/s = 10 m/s  + 60a

Thus, the above equation shows final velocity formula which is a vector quantity.

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Chandra X-ray telescope is the one that is best suited for studying the hottest intergalactic gas in a cluster of galaxies.

Intergalactic gas is found in space that exists in-between the cluster of galaxies. This space is known as intergalactic space. An intergalactic gas is a very hot gas that emits X-rays. Temperature is very high where intergalactic gases exists in the universe. The intergalactic gases found in the universe are hydrogen and helium gases.

Chandra X-ray telescope is a successful mission of NASA that is programmed to detect the gases that emit X-rays. Therefore, intergalactic gases can easily be detected by this telescope. It is a powerful design that can also detect hot regions between the galaxies. This telescope was launched in the space by NASA, in the year 1999.

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When α = 36 then L= 9cm ,27 cm,45 cm, 63cm ; when α = 60 then L= 15cm,45cm,75cm,105cm and when α = 92 then L= 23cm, 69cm, 115cm, 161cm. α is wavelength and L is the length of tubes.

In physics, wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave and the distance over which the shape of the wave repeats.

L=( 2n+1)* α/4

when α = 36

L= (2n+1) * 36/4

= (2n+1) *9

when n= 0,1,2,3

L= 9cm ,27 cm,45 cm, 63cm

when α = 60

L= (2n+1) * 60/4

= (2n+1) * 15

when n= 0,1,2,3

L= 15cm,45cm,75cm,105cm

when α = 92

L= (2n+1) * 92/4

= (2n+1) * 23

when n= 0, 1, 2,3

L= 23cm, 69cm, 115cm, 161cm

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a)6.8 + j8.2 ohms=10.65(50.33 deg) ohms

b)12-j6 ohms=13.41(-26.57 deg) ohms

c)6.6+j10 kohms=11.98(56.575 deg) ohms

RECTANGULAR FORMS

a) 6.8+j8.2 ohm

b)12-j6 ohm

c) 6.6+j10 kohm

POLAR FORMS

a) 10.65 angle 50.332 deg

b) 13.416 angle -26.565 deg

c) 11.982 angle 56.575 deg

Impedance, sometimes referred to as a "AC circuit," is the resistance to electricity passing through a circuit that uses an alternating current. Impedance, which is measured in Ohms, is the result of the combined action of the circuit's current-limiting elements, such as Resistance (R), Inductance (L), and Capacitance (C) (C).

The resistance to current flow in a Direct Current (DC) circuit is known as impedance, but in an AC circuit, impedance is the consequence of both the resistive (R) and reactive (X) components of the circuit. A DC circuit's electrical resistance is indicated by the letter "R," but an alternating AC circuit's resistance to current flow is indicated by the letter or symbol "Z."

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T a = 573.77 N and T b = 702.7 N are the tensions in the system's cords A and B, respectively.

A rope, string, or cable that is stretched under an applied force develops a force known as a tension force in physics. In the opposite direction of the force imparted to the rope or cable, tension is exerted along its whole length. Other names for tension include stress, tensity, and tautness.

The force transferred through a rope, string, or wire when pushed by forces acting from opposite sides is referred to as tension. The tension force is applied along the entire length of the wire and exerts an equal amount of strain on the bodies at each end.

Something can stretch under tension. Something gets squeezed together through compression. Only materials having the ability to resist forces are useful. Similar to how water moves through a pipe, force moves through a material.

We have to solve the system of equations:

- T a × cos 60° + T b × sin 45° - 210 N = 0

- T a × sin 60° + Tb cos 45° =  0

------------------------------------------------------

- 1/2 T a + √2 / 2 T b = 210 N

- √3 / 2 T a + √ 2 / 2 T b = 0     / * ( - 1 )

---------------------------------------------------

- 1/2 T a + √2 / 2 T b = 210 N

√ 3 / 2 T a - √2 / 2 T b = 0

----------------------------------------

T a ( √3 / 2 - 1 / 2 ) = 210 N

0.366 T a = 210 N

T a = 210 N : 0.366

1 ) T a = 573.77 N

Ta × √3 / 2 = T b × √ 2 / 2

T b = ( 573.77 × 1.732 ) : 1.4142

2 ) T b = 702.7 N

The complete question is:

Find the tension in each cord in the figure if the weight of the suspended object is w = 210N

A) Find the tension in the cord A for system (b).

B) Find the tension in the cord B for system (b).

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Surface area is 1.10 × 10^-5   .

Stefan-Boltzmann law, statement that the total radiant heat power emitted from a surface is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.All bodies radiate energy W depending on temperature T, according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law W = ε σT4 where emissivity ε is equal to 1 for black bodies and less than 1 for grey bodies, σ being the Stefan constant.

From Stefan's law, the power radiated by an object at absolute

temperature T and surface area A is POAT, where a=5.6696 × 10

W/m²K and e is the emissivity. Thus, the surface area of the filament

must be

A =75 W / (5.6696x10 )(1.0 )(3300)   = 1.10 * 10^-5

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Answer:

turn off the force

Explanation:

The fighter jet notices a change in frequency of 697 Hz.

rom Doppler's effect, f' = f(1 - u/c)

Here, c denotes the speed of light, u is the speed of the fighter jet, and f is the frequency of the antenna's broadcast.

so, f' = f(1 - u/c)

⇒f'/f = 1 - u/c

⇒(f - f')/f = u/c

⇒∆f = fu/c

so change in frequency, ∆f = fu/c

now f = 406 × 10⁶ Hz , u = 515 m/s and c = 3 × 10^8 m/s

so, ∆f = (406 × 10^6 × 515)/(3 × 10^8)

= 69696.67 × 10^-2

= 696.9667 Hz ≈ 697 Hz

Because of this, the fighter jet measured a 697 Hz change in frequency.

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A fighter jet is traveling at 515m/s directly away from a communication antenna and that broadcasts at 406MHz.

The antenna is a device that is used for transmitting and receiving signals, which represent some information. antennas play a major role in the case of wireless communication system as the antenna effectively converts electromagnetic waves to electronic signals. antennas are the basic components of any electrical circuit, because it provides interconnecting links between transmitter and free space or free space and receiver.

The purpose of an antenna is to collect and convert electromagnetic waves to electronic signals. In communication antenna, the same antenna can be used for both transmission and reception.

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The field strength that will deflect the electrons is 2.93*10^-3 T or 2.93mT.

Calculation:

from figure

sin(o) =d/r

r =d/sin(o) =1.6/sin8 =11.5 cm

from conservation of energy

qV =(1/2)mv^2

[tex](1.6*10^-19)(10*10^3)=(1/2)(9.11*10^-31)*v^2[/tex]

[tex]v=5.93*10^7 m/s[/tex]

and

r = mv/qB

= [tex]B =mv/qr =(9.11*10^-31)*(5.93*10^7)/(1.6*10^-19)(11.5*10^-2)[/tex]

B = 2.93*10^-3 T or 2.93mT.

An electron is a subatomic particle with a negative elementary charge. Electrons belong to the first generation of the leptonic particle family and are generally considered elementary particles because they have no known composition or substructure. In the standard model of particle physics.

Electrons are the smallest particles that make up an atom and have a negative charge. In neutral atoms, the number of protons and electrons is the same, and are considered elementary or elementary particles. electrons belong to a group of elementary particles called leptons.

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Answer: It is D

Explanation:

Divide the potential difference by the current to obtain the wire resistance. 20. Power A circuit has 12 of resistance and is connected to a 12-V battery.

The depth of the water at this point by using water refractive index 1.33 is 5.985m.

In optics, the refractive index of an optical medium is a dimensionless number that gives the indication of the light bending ability of that medium. The refractive index determines how much the path of light is bent, or refracted, when entering a material.

Distance that is below water (as seen by diver)

= 7 - 2.5 = 4.5m

apparent depth would be 4.5m

using the formula

apparent depth = real depth / refractive index

real depth = 4.5 * 1.33= 5.985m

Therefore, the real depth of the water at this point is 5.985m

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The magnitudes of the two force quantities after comparing the two quantities agree within experimental uncertainty but do not agree numerically.

One of the most prevalent forms of force is applied force, which is the force we exert on objects with our hands, legs, or any other item. As an illustration, push a chair with some force to move it in a certain direction.

According to Newton's second equation of motion, an object's force is equal to its mass times its acceleration, or F = m × a.

Use Newtons for force, kilograms for mass, and meters per second squared for acceleration when applying this formula.

Given that, time              F(N)               TA(N)

                     t₁                  10.6                 11

                     t₂                 10.4                  10

                     t₃                 10.2                  10

                     t₄                 10.8                  11

                     t₅                 10.6                  11

Thus, The mean value of F is: 10.52 N

The mean value of TA is: 10.6 N

So, the two quantities agree within experimental uncertainty but do not agree numerically.

Thus, the two quantities cannot be compared because the two force probes have different levels of precision.

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The chemical energy in the batteries is transformed into electrical power when the lighting is put on, which goes through the wires of the flashlight. Then, light and heat energy are created from this electrical energy.

Batteries can be divided into two categories: main and secondary. Primary batteries cannot be refilled because they are "single use."Examples of primary batteries include dry phones and (most) alkaline batteries. The second type, which is rechargeable, is a secondary battery.

An object that stores energy and releases it by transforming chemical energy into electrical energy is a battery. Typical batteries typically employ one or more fuel cells to chemically generate electricity.

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It will give resonant frequency when [tex]X_{c}= X_{l}[/tex].

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Answer:

Below

Explanation:

Position at t = 0     =     -5 (0)^2 = 0

Position at t = 3s          -5 (3)^2 = -45

   average velocity =    (-45- 0 ) / 3s   = -15 units/s

The average velocity of the particle for 0 ≤ t ≤ 3 is  - 15 unit.

The rate at which a body's displacement changes in relation to time is known as its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction. SI unit of velocity is meter/second.

Given that:  the position of a particle on the x-axis at time t is = -5t².

Hence, at t = 0s; the position of the particle = 0 unit.

at t = 3s;  the position of the particle =  -5× 3²unit = - 45 unit.

Then,  the average velocity of the particle

= (final position - initial position) time interval

= (- 45 - 0)/3 unit

= - 15 unit.

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The probabilities regarding the sweets are given as follows:

a) both sweets were apple flavour: 5/17.

b) both sweets were blackberry flavored: 28/153.

c) the first was apple and the second was blackberry: 40/153.

A probability is calculated as the division of the number of desired outcomes by the number of total outcomes.

The sweets are chosen without replacement, hence the probability that both sweets were of apple flavor is calculated as follows:

p = 10/18 x 9/17 = 5/17.

The probability that both were blackberry flavored is calculated as follows:

p = 8/18 x 7/17 = 28/153.

The probability that the first was apple and the second was blackberry is of:

p = 10/18 x 8/17 = 40/153.

The complete problem is given as follows:

Maria has a bag containing 18 fruit drop sweets. 10 are apple flavoured and 8 are blackberry flavoured. She chooses a sweet at random and eats it. Then she chooses another sweet at random. Calculate the probability that:

a) both sweets were apple flavour

b) both sweets were blackberry flavored

c) the first was apple and the second was blackberry

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All of the following can be dissipated

Chemical energy cannot be dissipated, but it can be converted into other forms of energy through chemical reactions.

Answer:

b: thermal c:light d: sound

Explanation:

whatever can be converted into heat

The indicated features from top to bottom:

It is called a spiral galaxy because it looks like a spinning windmill when viewed from above or below. The Sun is in one of the spiral arms about 25,000 light-years away from the center of the galaxy.

Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way which is tightly packed with 100 to 400 billion other stars many of which have planets of their own. The Milky Way got its name because it looks like a stream of spilled milk across the sky. An elliptical galaxy is a type of galaxy with an almost featureless image that is nearly elliptical and smooth.

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The magnitude of the magnetic field on the charge: 4.8 × 10⁻⁸ T

The magnetic field is a zone surrounding a magnetic substance or a moving electric charge where magnetism acts. Moving electric charges and magnetic dipoles combine to form a magnetic field, which acts as a force field on other adjacent moving charges and magnetic dipoles.

B and H are used to denote the magnetic field. The SI units for B and H are Newtons per meter per ampere or Teslas, respectively.

Here, by right hand rule, the magnetic field around the wire which will be into the location.

Thus, the magnitude of the magnetic field,

B = μ(0)I/2πr

or, B = [(4π × 10 ⁻⁷) × (1.20)] ÷ [2π(5.00)]

or, B = 4.8 × 10⁻⁸ T

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Answer:

philoponus originated one of physics great paradigm shifts. he said that after a projectile is launched, it keeps moving because of a force impressed into it by the thrower

The distance of the goggle from the edge is 4.7 m

Given data :

Laser angle with water surface is given by: Tan α = 1 / 1.8= 0.55

α = 26.56°

Laser angle with Normal = 90 – 26.56 = 63.44 °

Assuming a red laser, refractive index in water is 1.331.

Angle of refraction in water is given by:

Ref Ind = Sin i / Sin r

1.331 = Sin 63.44 / Sin r

Sin r = 0.8945 / 1.331 = 0.6721

Angle r = 42.22°

For the path in water:

Tan 42.22 = x / 3.2

x = 2.9m where x is the lateral displacement of the laser ince it hits the water

So the goggles are 1.8 + 2.9 = 4.7 m from edge of pool

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The power is increased by factor of 8 beacuse of the energy consumed in increasing the drag force.

Power is the rate of energy release. CCCs have high energy, but the TNT explosion has high power. It is defined as the energy used per second. It is the rate of energy release,

power = energy/time

The most common unit for power is the watt, named after James Watt who truly developed the science of the steam engine. It was the most powerful motor of its time, and the “high tech” of the 1700s. The watt is defined as one joule per second:

1 Watt = 1 W = 1 watt = 1 joule per second

1 kW = 1 kilowatt = 1000 joules per second

The value of TNT is that even though it has less energy per gram than chocolate chip cookies, it has greater power (since it can convert its limited energy to heat in a few millionths of a b). Of course, it can’t deliver this power for very long because it runs out of energy.

Power (P) = F v

Given,

where n is new

Vn = 2v

And Fn = 4F

So Pn = Fn*Vn

               = 4F *2v =

               = 8 (Fv) = 8 P

So, this increases the power by factor of 8.

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The heat that must be applied to a unit quantity of material in order to shift it from the liquid to the vapor phase without a change in temperature is known as the latent heat of vaporization or evaporation (Lv).

Describe the latent heat of vaporization using an example?

The energy needed to convert stuff from a liquid to a vapor without affecting temperature is known as the latent heat of vaporization. The change of liquid water particles into vapors occurs, for instance, when a water kettle is brought to a boil.

In plain English, what is latent heat of vaporization?

Latent heat of vaporization is the quantity of heat required to transform a unit mass of a liquid substance into a gaseous phase under conditions of constant temperature.

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Refraction is when light travels from one medium to another

This is studied by considering the light as ray.

Here as the ray travels from one medium to another, its speed changes.

However, the frequency of the waves which depend on the source will not change in the other medium as well. So frequency does not change in refraction. But wavelength changes when light undergoes refraction.

Interference and Diffraction are studied treating light as wave. And both of these are basically superposition of waves

In interference, light from two coherent sources interfere with each other and the resulting wave pattern is the subject of interference.

While in diffraction, secondary wavelets emerging from the original wave's different parts is considered. The supersposition of these secondary wavelets is basically diffraction.

In both of these interference and diffraction, speed, wavelength and frequency all remains same as the speed and therefore wavelength depends only on the medium

Reflection involves the change in direction of a wave as it bounces off a barrier. Wave refraction involves the change in direction of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. Diffraction involves the change of direction of a wave as it passes around an opening or barrier in its path.

Reflection is the process of reflecting light when it hits an in-plane medium. Refraction is the process of changing the path and bending light as it passes through a material. Hence, this is the main difference between reflection and refraction.

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Frequency of such waves is 2.14 x 10¹⁸ Hz.

Given

wavelength λ = 0.14 *10^⁻⁹ m

ν =c/λ = (3×10⁸)/(0.14 x 10⁻⁹) =2.14 x 10¹⁸ Hz

The relation between frequency, velocity and wavelength of a wave is given by,

ν=v/λ

Where ν is the frequency,

v is the speed of the wave and

λ is the wavelength of the wave.

The angular frequency of the wave is given by,

ω=2π

ν=2πT

Electricity can be static, like the energy that can make your hair stand on end. Magnetism can also be static, as it is in a refrigerator magnet. A changing magnetic field will induce a changing electric field and vice-versa—the two are linked. These changing fields form electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves differ from mechanical waves in that they do not require a medium to propagate. This means that electromagnetic waves can travel not only through air and solid materials, but also through the vacuum of space.

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The atomic number of an atom when the number of neutrons in the nucleus of that atom increases, it remains the same.

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White Dwarfs are normally approximately the size (diameter) of Earth, Neutron Stars occasionally appear as pulsars, and Black Holes have sizes determined by their Schwarzschild radii. They are all maintained by electron degeneracy pressure.

The leftover cores of extinct stars are known as white dwarfs. White dwarfs with the same mass as the Sun are roughly the same size as the Earth, and electron degeneracy pressure protects them from the crushing effects of gravity.

White dwarfs mostly experience pressure from electron degeneracy, whereas neutron stars predominantly experience pressure from neutron degeneracy. It is the boundary past which nothing or anything can elude.

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Shortage of wood and the abundance of convenient coal deposits and Commercial-minded aristocracy of the great Britain changed the science of forces.

Britain attempted to keep its manufacturing processes a secret, but people came to learn about them and brought the knowledge home with them.

Sometimes they used rowboats to smuggle the machines to nearby nations. Belgium, Switzerland, France, and the states that would become Germany were the first nations after Britain to build factories and railroads. Industrialization proven to require the establishment of a national train network. Switzerland's railroads were built in 1847, Belgium's in 1834, France's in 1842, and Germany's in the 1850s.

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The type of bonding in the substance is an ionic bond, as the substance is a non-conductor of electricity in the solid state but is a conductor when melted or in a liquid state.

When the complete transfer of some electrons takes place from one atom to another atom,  the kind of bond is ionic bond. The atom which loses one or more electrons becomes a cation. It is a positively charged ion. The atom which gains one or more electrons becomes an anion. It is a negatively charged ion.

Ionic bonding is very strong. When the substance is in a solid state, bond force does not leave free electrons to conduct electricity. When dissolved in water, the bond breaks, and some electrons are freed to conduct electricity.

Water is a polar covalent compound that can help in breaking of ionic bonds.

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A body falling down towards earth, when upward direction is considered as positive direction got negative velocity and acceleration.

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