Federalism is a term for a system with two or more governments exercising power over the same people and the same territory.
Federalism is a form of government wherein the two levels of authority share control over the same region. Larger territorial areas are typically governed more broadly by an overarching national government, while local concerns are handled by smaller divisions, states, and cities.
The central government and the local political entities both have the authority to enact laws and enjoy some degree of independence from one another. The Constitution of the United States created a system of "dual sovereignty," whereby the States preserved some sovereignty while ceding many of their authority to the Federal Government. There are some examples of this dual sovereignty listed in the U.S. Constitution.
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What causes the movement of the continents?.
The plates move occasionally toward and occasionally away from one another due to the heat produced by radioactive processes occurring within the planet's interior. Tectonic shift is another name for this movement.
There are three major layers that make up the Earth. Yellow represents the dense, hot inside core, orange the molten exterior core, red the mantle, and brown the thin crust, which is home to all known forms of life. The extremely hot and dense core of our planet is called the Earth's core. Despite their differences from Earth, they discovered that all other planets should have a nickel/iron core that makes up around 30% of the planet's mass. In contrast, the Earth's core contains nearly one-third of its total mass. Similar to Earth, the mantle and crust would make up the remaining portions of each planet. The inner planets, often known as the terrestrial planets due to their similarity to Earth, are the four planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars that are nearest to the sun. The relative diameters of these four planets are depicted in Figure 25.7. In comparison to the outer planets, all of the inner planets are small.
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which do you think is more useful: the law of cosines or the law of sines? which is easier for you to use? is it possible to always use the law of sines and never bother with the law of cosines?
In general, the law of the sign rule is probably more helpful and easier than the cosign rule.
The length of one side and the measurement of the angle opposing that particular side are necessary to solve a triangle using the law of sines. Then, you must have one more piece of data, such as an additional side length or angle measurement. However, there are times when you are provided information with two consecutive sides but the angle is not between the two consecutive sides, in which case there may be two alternative triangles that can both satisfy the given information. In order to locate the third side according to the sign rule, we would need to know the angle of the other two sides and the angle that is opposite to one of them, without which we would be unable to do so. In this approach, the law of cosigns is helpful for determining the third side of a triangle when the other two sides and their enclosed angle are known and competing with each other.
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Beth is driving her car down the street when Tom, who was behind a bush, tries to run across the street. Beth’s car strikes Tom. Beth knew that her car’s brakes were bad, she applied the brakes but could not stop in time because of the defective brakes.
1. Beth had a breach of duty but no actual cause.
2. Beth had proximate cause.
3. Tom is the only negligent party to this happening.
4. None of the above.
5. Res Ipsa Loquitur applies in this case because the actual cause and comparative negligence make both parties responsible.
Option 5 is correct. Res Ipsa Loquitur can be applied in this case as the actual cause & comparative negligence make both the parties responsible.
About Res Ipsa Loquitur
Res ipsa loquitur is a principle under which a court may deduce negligence from the exact nature of an accident or harm in the lack of direct evidence that any defendant acted in the scope of tort litigation. It is used in common law & Roman-Dutch law jurisdictions. An action normally needs to satisfy the essential factors that constitute negligence: the presence of a duty of care, violation of the proper standard of care, causation, & injury, however particular requirements vary by jurisdiction. In the case of res ipsa loquitur, the very first three criteria are presumed to exist based on the presence of an injury that would not often happen in the absence of carelessness.
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jupiter park senior center has a weekly payroll of 17500 december 31 falls on wednesday, and a juniper park senior center will pay its employees the following monday (january 5th) for the previous full week. assume juniper park senior center has a five day workweek and has an unadjuste balance in salaries expense of 510000
If jupiter park senior center has a weekly payroll of 17500 december 31 falls on wednesday, and a juniper park senior center will pay its employees the following monday. The journal entry is Debit Salaries Expense $10,500; Credit Salaries Payable $10,500.
How to prepare the journal entry?The appropriate entries to record the given transactions are:
1. Dec. 31
Debit Salaries Expense $10,500
Credit Salaries Payable $10,500
(To record accrue salaries expense)
Salaries Expense = Weekly payroll ÷ Days in work week × Days to accrue
Salaries Expense = $17,500÷5×3
Salaries Expense =$10,500
(Days to accrue: Wednesday, Thursday, Friday)
2. January 5
Debit salaries expenses $7,000
Debit salaries payable $10,500
9$17,500 -$7,000)
Credit Cash $17,500
(To record salaries expenses)
Therefore the entry for Dec 31 is to debit salaries expenses and credit salaries payable.
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The complete question is:
jupiter park senior center has a weekly payroll of 17500 december 31 falls on wednesday, and a juniper park senior center will pay its employees the following monday (january 5th) for the previous full week. assume juniper park senior center has a five day workweek and has an unadjuste balance in salaries expense of 510000
Record the adjusting entry for accrued salaries on December 31.
Record the journal entry for payment of salaries made on January 5.
Salaries Expense:
The tenth amendment is important because it reflects the constitutional principle of.
The relationship between the federal and state governments is defined by the 10th Amendment, which also contributes to this definition.
The 10th Amendment aims to establish the relationship and balance of power between the federal and state governments. The anti-commandeering concept is the principal instance where the 10th Amendment has been used in recent years. According to this idea, the federal government cannot order the states to carry out specific tasks, such enforcing federal laws. The 10th amendment codifies the federalism principle of the Constitution by stating that the states or the people, as appropriate, shall have all powers not delegated to the federal government or prohibited to the states by the Constitution. The Amendment explicitly states that Congress may not use power in a way that undermines the integrity of the States or their capacity to work effectively within a federal structure.
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which type of indigent defense involves the use of full-time salaried state employees? assigned counsel public defender programs contract attorney programs private counsel programs
Both salaried government employees (public defenders) and hourly-paid private attorneys are used in the federal indigent defense system (CJA panel attorneys).
The Criminal Justice Act (CJA), which was passed in 1964, marked the beginning of the federal indigent defense system, which was created to guarantee that everyone, regardless of wealth, had legal representation to ensure a fair trial.
States and municipalities make sure that defendants have access to indigent defense—legal services for people who cannot afford to hire an attorney—through a variety of means, including public defender programs.
The most popular system for assigning defense counsel to a defendant is Assigned Counsel Systems.
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The supreme court may be on the verge of eliminating _______________ as a consideration for college and university admissions.
The supreme court may be on the verge of eliminating race as a consideration for college and university admissions.
In two cases, one concerning Harvard University and another involving the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the U.S. Supreme Court will start debating whether racial admissions procedures are constitutional on Monday. Affirmative action was last addressed by the court in 2016, when it declared that institutions might take race into account when admitting students.
The extension of a university's intellectual freedom to gather a diverse student body is a comprehensive, race-conscious admissions process. Removing racial criteria from admissions would interfere with a university's capacity to choose its student body.
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Which of the following statements regarding the 2021 Child Tax Credit (CTC) is FALSE?
The CTC is fully refundable and there is no earned income requirement.
To claim the CTC, a taxpayer must have a qualifying child under age 17.
The amount of CTC for qualifying children has increased from $2,000 per child to $3,000 per child age 6 through age 17.
The amount of CTC for qualifying children has increased from $2,000 per child to $3,600 per child age 0 through age 5.
The statements regarding the 2021 Child Tax Credit (CTC) that is FALSE is To claim the CTC, a taxpayer must have a qualifying child under age 17.
What is the Child Tax Credit?Child Tax Credit (CTC) can be described as one that can be given that helps offsetting costs as well as the expenses of raising children or kids.
It should be noted that with this Child Tax Credit, the qualifying child have access to $3,600 for children of ages 5, however going through the options, the second option is not correct.
Therefore, second option is correct.
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Which age group has the highest level of voter turnout ?.
According to updated voting and registration data issued today by the U.S. Census Bureau, the 2020 presidential election saw the highest voter turnout of the twenty-first century, with 66.8% of those 18 and older casting ballots.
What is the average voting age in the United States?In presidential election years, the median age of the electorate as a whole ranged from 39 to 45, while the median age of voters ranged from 43 to 46. Additionally, the Census Bureau offers an interval estimate of voter family income, from which the median family income can be calculated.
What elements influence the voting rate?The type of election (e.g., presidential or midterm) and the level of competition in the race are other factors that affect voter turnout. the total number of voters in a jurisdiction that are of voting age (18 years of age or older).
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Which supreme court case determined that proof of malice was a prerequisite for a libel conviction?.
The U.S. Supreme Court decided in the case of New York Times Co. v. Sullivan that a libel conviction required proof of malice.
The 1st Amendment's freedom of expression protections limit the ability of American state officials to file libel actions, according to a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision, New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, (1964). The decision states that in addition to the typical components of defamation, which include the publication of a factually incorrect defamation case to a third party, the plaintiff in a defamation action must also show that the point was made of "actual malice," that further suggests that perhaps the defendant either knew the statement was false or recklessly ignored whether it could be false.
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How does the Supreme Court provide a check on the president's foreign policy power ?.
The Supreme Court's most well-known power, judicial review, or the ability of the Court to declare a Legislative or Executive act to be in violation of the Constitution, is not found in the text of the Constitution itself. This doctrine was established by the Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803).
The supreme court uses judicial review to declare actions taken by the president or Congress to be unconstitutional.Congress can pass legislation to limit the Court's power in several ways, including changing the Court's jurisdiction, modifying the impact of a Court decision after it has been rendered, and amending the Constitution in relation to the Court. The Executive Branch conducts diplomacy with other countries, and the President has the authority to negotiate and sign treaties that must be ratified by the Senate.
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What did the evidence of fossils on opposing continents mean?.
The fossil record is a key piece of evidence for the Theory of Continental Drift. In rocks with a similar age, scientists have discovered fossils of related plant and animal species. The coastlines of many continents were home to these rocks. This implies that the continents were previously connected.
We can learn a lot about the history of life on Earth thanks to fossils. They can help us understand the origins of life and humanity, the evolution of the planet and its environment across time, and the once-connected nature of the continents that are now widely separated. There are numerous instances of fossils discovered only on distinct continents, indicating that the continents were previously connected. The alternatives to Continental Drift would be that the species separately arose on different continents, which would be in opposition to Darwin's theory of evolution. They significantly facilitated determining where to place the parts. Otherwise, fitting them all together was really difficult.
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A legislative measure that deals with only one chamber of the legislature is called a.
A legislative measure that deals with only one chamber of the legislature is called a Simple resolution
A simple resolution in the US is a piece of legislation that is only approved by the Senate or the House. Simple resolutions are not forwarded to the President and do not become laws because they have only been enacted by one parliament.
The resolution is used for things like setting the guidelines by which each body shall function. Resolutions of this kind are used to act or speak on behalf of a single congressional chamber in U.S.
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This table shows the differences in the houses of congress. This arrangement was created because of the.
The intent of the framers to make the federal government responsive to the will of the people is embodied in the fact that the U.S. House of Representatives is granted a unique set of powers in the Constitution.
When the new Constitution was written, what was the Great Compromise?
Also known as the Connecticut Compromise, this major compromise at the Constitutional Convention established a two-house legislature with equal representation for all states in the Senate and proportional representation for states in the House of Representatives.
Who brought about the Great Compromise?
The Records of The Government Show of 1787 at 196.The Great Compromise is often credited by historians to Sherman and the Connecticut delegates.
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If a college athlete violates any NCAA rules, do you think they could still be a victim?
Answer: A college athlete accused of a crime might be suspended from all sports-related activities during the investigation, while conviction of a serious crime
Explanation:
Which phrase describes a tactic that a lobbyist would use to influence public policy.
A tactic that a lobbyist would use to influence public policy is Trying to shape public opinion through internet posts.
Lobbyists are individuals who work to influence public policy in a way that benefits their clients' interests.Since they are in the best position to do so, government officials frequently use these services to gather information, both political and technical, from people and organizations outside the government.Speaking with representatives face-to-face, giving testimony at legislative hearings, helping with the drafting of legislation, alerting state legislators to how a bill would affect their districts, coordinating grassroots campaigns, donating funds, and endorsing candidates are the most typical forms of lobbying.By explaining difficult concepts and problems to the general public in plain language, lobbyists support staff.Members of Congress can also offer friendly legislation to lobbyists in exchange for their support.Learn more about Lobbyists, here
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Supreme Court justices who support judicial activism and those who support judicial restraint most disagree on the answer to which question?
How broadly should the justices interpret the constitution?
to what extent the high court need to contribute to social advancement.
Judicial activism is a method of exercising judicial review or a description of a specific judicial decision in which the judge is more inclined to rule on constitutional questions and to invalidate executive or legislative measures.
Judicial restraint is the rejection of judicial review out of respect for conventional political processes. Judicial restraint can be a substantive or procedural strategy for exercising judicial review. The concept of restraint is a procedural philosophy that instructs judges to avoid making decisions on legal problems, particularly constitutional ones, unless those decisions are essential to resolving a specific conflict between opposing parties.
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Which supreme court case determined that proof of malice was a prerequisite for a libel conviction?.
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan was the case in which the U.S. Supreme Court determined that proof of malice was a prerequisite for a libel conviction.
A significant U.S. Supreme Court case, New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964), held that the First Amendment's freedom of expression safeguards restrict the capacity of American public officials to bring libel lawsuits. According to the ruling, if the plaintiff in a defamation suit is a public official or contender for public office, they must also demonstrate that the claim was made with "actual malice," which means that the defendant either knew the claim was incorrect or carelessly disregarded whether it could be false, in addition to the usual elements of defamation, such as the publishing of an untrue defamation claim to a third party.
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what term is used for a person's making admissions in a criminal case tht could be used against him in court
Self incrimination is the term used for a person's making admissions in a criminal case that could be used against him in court.
A court is any person or group, frequently as a central authority organization, with the authority to adjudicate prison disputes among parties and perform the administration of justice in civil, crook, and administrative topics in accordance with the guideline of regulation.
A court is any official tribunal presided over with the aid of one or numerous judges wherein prison problems and claims are heard and determined. The U.S. device consists of federal courts and country courts.
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which scenario demonstrates a violation of the right of freedom of conscience in a workplace environment?
In order to keep a project on schedule, a manager compels an employee to engage in risky behavior. This situation exemplifies how the freedom of conscience in the workplace is violated.
The effective and efficient administration of people inside a company or organization in such a way as to give their firm a competitive advantage is known as human resource management. It is made to maximize worker performance in support of a company's strategic goals.
Managers of human resources plan, organize, and oversee an organization's administrative operations. They supervise the hiring, interviewing, and onboarding of new employees, assist with chief executives on strategic planning, and act as a liaison between management and personnel in a business.
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sasha was arrested for drinking and driving and pleads guilty in court. the judge places her under the supervision of an officer of the court and she is ordered to attend a program that targets individuals with alcohol-related problems. she is also required to abstain from alcohol, maintain employment, and remain within the jurisdiction. sasha has been sentenced to .
Sasha was arrested for drinking and driving and pleads guilty in court. This was the example of the probation. Thus, option (4) is correct.
What is court?The term court refers to the hiring of the cases of the criminal, civil, and financial scandal matter in the justice of the victim and the punishment of the criminal. The court was the solved the dispute. There are the different types of the court are the district court, supreme court and the higher court.
This case was the clearly example of the case in the probation, because Sasha was arrested for drinking and driving case are the illegal for the alcohol-related case in the police was the arrested guilty in court.
Therefore, option (4) is correct.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was.
1.) curfew2.) parole3.) split sentencing4.) probationin the context of proving actual malice in a defamation lawsuit, reckless disregard for the truth or falsity of a statement is present when the defendant publishes an article claiming the public figure did a bad thing:
Actual malice is the legal requirement imposed on specific defamation plaintiffs when filing a lawsuit for libel or slander, and will be found where a defendant publishes or communicates a false statement with knowledge of its falsity or reckless disregard for its veracity.
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An instrument developed by the federal government that uses a grid system that allows the court to arrive at a more consistent sentence is the ______.
An instrument developed by the federal government that uses a grid system that allows the court to arrive at a more consistent sentence is the Sentencing Guidelines.
The U.S. Sentencing Commission has published rules that define a uniform approach to sentencing for people and organisations found guilty of felonies and serious (Class A) misdemeanours in the federal court system of the United States. These guidelines are known as the United States Federal Sentencing Guidelines. Less serious felonies and violations are not covered by the Guidelines.
The US Supreme Court decided in The United States v. Booker in 2005 that the Guidelines' original form violated the Sixth Amendment's right to a jury trial. As a result, the law's sections making the Guidelines mandatory were eliminated.
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for states to pass a law that also happens to restrict religious practices, the law must have what type of aim or purpose?
For states to pass a law that also happens to restrict religious practices, the law must have Nonpartisan.
Religion is commonly described as a social-cultural device of unique behaviors and practices, morals, ideals, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or agencies, that typically relate humanity to supernatural, transcendental, and religious factors;[1] but, there may be no scholarly consensus over what exactly constitutes a faith. One-of-a-kind religions can also or might not contain numerous elements ranging from the divine,[4] sacred things,[5] religion,[6] a supernatural being or supernatural beings[7] or "a few kind of ultimacy and transcendence to be able to provide norms and power for the rest of life".[8] religious practices might also consist of rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of deities and/or saints), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary offerings, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, artwork, dance, public carrier, or other components of human culture.
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The miranda rule involves law enforcement officials advising suspects of their fifth and sixth amendment rights as they are being arrested or interrogated. The supreme court ruled that the only exception to this rule occurs when.
In the case of New York v. Quarles, the Supreme Court established an exception to the Miranda prohibition, holding that suspects may be questioned if there is an immediate threat to public safety.
How does the Miranda ruling relate to the 5th Amendment?In Miranda v. Arizona (1966), the Supreme Court decided on a 5-4 vote that an arrested person has the right to an attorney and protections against self-discrimination under the 5th and 6th Amendments of the US Constitution.
Suspects must be advised of these rights "prior to questioning," according to the Miranda rule, which the Supreme Court recognized as a constitutional right if their words will be used against them in court. The Miranda decision only applies when the suspect is in custody and being questioned by the police, the Court ruled, because it was created to prohibit the police from pressuring suspects into making statements.
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Why is voting for leaders significant for citizens of the United States?.
Elections present a significant chance to promote political liberalization and democratization. Certain civic liberties, such as the freedoms of speech, association, and assembly, are necessary for a free and fair election.
The freedom to vote is the most significant privilege that citizens enjoy. The people can influence the government through voting. Who will represent the people in government is chosen by the populace. Every voter should be well-informed about the topics and candidates before casting their ballot.
It prohibited the discriminatory voting practices implemented in several southern states following the Civil War, such as the requirement of passing literacy tests in order to cast a ballot. It took 95 years to enact this "act to enforce the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution" after it was ratified.
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What is the exclusionary rule and how did it come to be applied to the states?.
The majority of the evidence amassed in violation of the US Constitution cannot be used by the government due to the exclusionary rule. The exclusionary rule is applicable to evidence obtained through an arbitrary search or seizure that violated the Fourth Amendment, as decided in the case of Mapp v. Ohio.
The Supreme Court effectively established the exclusionary rule by overturning the conviction. The exclusionary rule was then made applicable to the states by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1961 with its ruling in Mapp v. Ohio.
In response to the warrant system's inability to handle fourth amendment violations that occurred after the fact, the courts created the exclusionary rule as a rule of evidence.
The exclusionary rule is used by American courts to prevent police officers and other government employees from violating citizens' constitutional rights. The general norm is that courts will reject evidence that the government obtains by improper means, frequently an illegal search or seizure.
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What are the main types of jurisdiction?.
Personal, territorial, and subject matter jurisdiction are the three primary categories of judicial power: No matter where they are, a person is subject to personal jurisdiction.
What is an example of jurisdiction?sentence examples The majority of criminal offenses are under the court's purview. The court, according to his lawyers, lacked jurisdiction in this case. This court lacks jurisdiction over the issue. lands that fall under the federal government's purview He was detained in a different country.
Do you mean by jurisdiction "area"?A jurisdiction is a geographical area with a unique set of laws that are governed by a court system or other government body. A separate jurisdiction is formed by each state in a federation like Australia, Germany, or the United States.
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Do you think juveniles should be entitled to a trial by jury or is the current system adequate? Explain your answer.
I do not think that Juveniles should be entitled to a trial by jury or is the current system adequate.
What is meant by the trial by jury?A jury trial, often known as a trial by jury, is a legitimate process in which a jury renders a verdict or makes factual findings. It differs from a bench trial where all judgments are made by a judge or panel of judges.
The American legal system heavily relies on juries. The collaboration of judge and jury, working together in a shared endeavor, puts the ideas of our great heritage of freedom into practice, and is substantially responsible for the safeguarding of our rights and liberties.
In juvenile court, a minor typically does not have the right to a jury trial. This is so because the employment of a jury would compromise the privacy of juvenile court proceedings, according to the U.S. Supreme Court.
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What are the grounds for an appeal?.
Not only the fact that the losing party disagreed with the verdict will typically suffice as a legal basis for an appeal; there must be an alleged significant error in the trial. Either side may appeal to a higher court in a civil lawsuit. In most states, the defendant is the only party with the right to appeal in a criminal case.
Define court.A court is any individual or body, frequently a government agency, that has the power to decide legal disputes between parties and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative cases by the law. In both common law and civil law legal systems, it is widely acknowledged that everyone has the right to present their claims before a court.Courts are the primary forum for conflict resolution in both of these systems. Similarly to this, those who are accused of a crime have the right to defend themselves in court.Describe criminal law.The corpus of law that deals with crimes are known as criminal law. It forbids behavior that is deemed to pose a threat to, be detrimental to, or otherwise pose a risk to the possessions, health, safety, and moral well-being of others, including oneself. Most criminal laws are established by statute, which means that they are passed by an elected legislature.People who break these laws are punished and rehabilitated under criminal law.Criminal law differs from civil law, which places more of an emphasis on conflict resolution and victim compensation than on punishment or rehabilitation and varies depending on the jurisdiction.To learn more about court here:
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