The correct sequence showing the end product of the anaerobic respiration pathway in humans is : Glucose → pyruvate → lactate.
Anaerobic respiration pathway, which comprise anaerobic respiration and fermentation, do not require oxygen. Some prokaryotes may perform anaerobic respiration, which is respiration where an inorganic molecule other than oxygen (O2) serves as the ultimate electron acceptor.
Fermentation is the process of producing ATP in the lack of oxygen by glycolysis alone. As a result, these two processes are known as lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.
Anaerobic glycolysis does not require oxygen and generates ATP from the energy in glucose. This mechanism takes place within the cytoplasm and converts glucose into a simpler component known as pyruvate.
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Although the vast majority of women who inherit a single copy of an X-linked recessive disease allele are not affected by the disorder, a small percentage of women do display the disease phenotype. Which of the following could explain this rare phenomenon
Turner syndrome (a sex-chromosome aneuploidy in which women have only one X chromosome) explains the rare phenomenon.
'What is turner syndrome?'
Turner syndrome is a disorder that primarily affects females and is brought on by a missing or partially deleted X chromosome. Numerous medical and developmental issues, including as short stature, ovarian failure, and heart anomalies, can be brought on by Turner syndrome.
Turner syndrome can be identified during pregnancy, during infancy, or in the early years of life. Sometimes the diagnosis of Turner syndrome in girls with minor indications and symptoms is not made until the teen or young adult years.
Turner syndrome patients need constant medical treatment from a range of specialists. The majority of girls and women may enjoy healthy, independent lives with regular examinations and the right treatment.
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why is a percentage scale used for the x-axis rather than actual ages?
On the same graph, using this scale, you can compare species with greatly different life spans.
In scientific terms, what does x-axis mean?An x-axis in a Cartesian coordinate system refers to the horizontal plane. By making perpendicular projections from the x-axis and y-axis, a position on a two-dimensional graph can be determined. The abscissa and ordinate of P are the names given to the first and second coordinates in a two-dimensional system, respectively.
In biology, what does the term "y-axis" mean?Furthermore known as the ordinates axis. The usually vertical axis that is used to measure both the ordinate and the abscissa in a plane Cartesian coordinate system.
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Which part of the cell contains genetic information? A. Plasma membrane. B. Nucleus. C. Chloroplast. D. Mitrochondria.
Answer: Nucleus
Explanation:
Nucleus contains all the genetic information. It contains the thread like structure called chromosomes which are made up of the compound DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). It also contains genes which transfer the characters from the parent to the progeny.
What is the advantage of using a pressure relief valve to protect a receiver instead of a fusible plugA. The pressure relief valve resets itselfB. Pressure relief valve can also be used to check the receiver pressure
Even if the suction pressure is lower, it will prevent the evaporator pressure from falling below its setpoint. What are the benefits of protecting a receiver with a pressure relief valve as opposed to a fusible plug The pressure release valve self-resets.
Maintaining hydraulic and pneumatic systems below the preset pressure requires the use of pressure relief valves. Depending on how they are installed, they can:
whenever it crosses a certain threshold, lower the downstream pressure to a constant level.
upstream or downstream of the valve, keep consistent pressures.
To protect downstream equipment, reduce the peaks or pressure pulses. In-depth information about pressure relief valves is provided in this article, including an explanation of their design, workings, applications, and how to instal them in a system.
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Justify your choice by writing a hypothesis to explain how it has stopped claire from breaking down her food. the
hypothesis is your first explanation. you will be able to revise it as you do more experiments. (i choose low enzyme production
The correct hypothesis is that food (proteins) are not completely broken down in the intestine because Claire's intestinal Protease production is lower than normal.
According to the image, normal intestine fluid has the same pH as Claire's Intestine fluid, which is suitable for the breakdown of food or protein in particular. It is also discovered that some protein has been digested, implying that there is no mutation in the active site.
According to the graph, claire can completely break down or digest the food if 1mg proteases enzyme is used, proving that the enzyme is produced less than normal. Based on this information, the correct hypothesis is -
"The food (proteins) are not completely broken down in the intestine due to Claire's lower than normal intestinal Protease production."
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Complete question is attached below.
was developed in an effort to provide the policyowner with the best of both worlds (term and permanent coverage). An adjustable life policy can assume the form of either term insurance or permanent insurance. The insured typically determines how much coverage is needed and the affordable amount of premium.True or False
Adjustable Life was developed in an effort to provide the policy owner with the best of both worlds (term and permanent coverage).
What is Adjustable Life Insurance?Adjustable lifestyle insurance defines as the time duration and complete life hybrid insurance map that permits policyholders the other alternates to alter policy features.
An adjustable life policy can also be assumed in the form of either permanent insurance or term insurance. It insured the need for coverage and the affordable amount of premium.
Therefore, it is a true statement.
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what channels can be found in the membrane of cardiac muscle cells that are not present in skeletal muscle cells
Answer: Voltage gated calcium channel
Explanation: Voltage-gated calcium channels are specialised ion channels only found in cardiac muscle cells' sarcolemma.
during routine inspection, a unit of unexpired blood was noticed to have a black color with numerous small clots. what is the likely cause for this observation?
A unit of expired blood was discovered to be black in colour with several tiny clots during normal inspection. This observation is most likely the result of bacterial contamination.
Transplant of ABO compatible blood, such as group A, B, and AB red cells to the a patient who is in the group O blood type, is the primary cause of hemolytic responses. Last but not least, poorly dilute red cell suspensions, deteriorated reagents, disregard for manufacturer's instructions, or improper procedures can all lead to false-negative findings with Rh typing. A unit of expired blood was discovered to be black in colour with several tiny clots during normal inspection. This observation is most likely the result of bacterial contamination. If there are too many RBC antigens, weak antibodies may not be detected because there may not be enough of them to attach to red cell proteins. The development of a passive acquired anti-D is the most likely reason for the positive antibodies screening test result. Anti-D from the antenatal Rh immunological globulin (RhIG) injections may still be detectable during labour so because mother received it. When antibodies have not been produced, delayed haemolytic transfusion responses can happen.
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Which of the answer choices is an accurate statement that accounts for why women with the genotype XXX are not phenotypically different from an XX female?
a) Only one X chromosome is active in each cell, regardless of how many X chromosomes there are in a cell.
b) The X chromosome only carries genes dealing with being a female, so having another one doesn't matter.
c) The extra X chromosome only becomes active in nonreproductive areas of the body.
d) Cells normally have enzymes that recognize and degrade extra X chromosomes.
e) None of the answer options is correct.
a) Only one X chromosome is active in each cell, regardless of how many X chromosomes there are in a cell is correct and explains why women having the genotype XXX do not differ phenotypically from XX females.
One of the two X chromosomes in females randomly and irreversibly becomes inactive in cells other than egg cells early in the development of the embryo. X-inactivation or lyonization is the term used to describe this process. One functioning copy of the X chromosome is present in each body cell of females, just like males, thanks to X-inactivation.
The difference between the active and inactive X chromosomes in somatic cells can be attributed to a variety of epigenetic characteristics. To diagnose the inactive X chromosome(s) in clinical material, these characteristics can be helpful. Any X chromosome in excess of one is inactivated in patients with extra X chromosomes (male or female). Accordingly, regardless of the total number of X or Y chromosomes present, all diploid somatic cells in both males and females have a single active X chromosome.
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the process of making a copy of dna that is small enough to leave the nucleus
Making a duplicate of DNA that is small enough to leave the nucleus is a process called transcription.
A copy of DNA is created during transcription, and this copy is able to leave the nucleus and transport genetic material to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
By severing the hydrogen bonds that connect the bases of the DNA molecule, the enzyme DNA helicase first creates a transcription bubble.
In essence, this makes the template and coding strands single-stranded and unwinds the double helix close to the gene that is being transcribed to make room for RNA polymerase. A transcription bubble is a section of DNA that has been opened up. The initial step in the production of proteins is transcription.
A portion of DNA is copied during transcription and used to create a corresponding strand of messenger RNA (mRNA), which is the messenger RNA that transcribes the DNA code in the nucleus. RNA polymerase enzyme performs this replicating process. The cell's nucleus, which contains DNA, is where transcription takes place. As a result, the goal of transcription is the production of mRNA transcript. Nuclear pores are tiny openings in the nuclear membrane through which mRNA exits the nucleus. The mRNA then moves on to the cytoplasmic ribosomes.
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Jill is heterozygous for gene A and is going to have a child with Jack, who is homozygous recessive for gene A.Which of the following offspring genotypes could result from the fertilization of an egg that had undergone nondisjunction in meiosis I with a normal haploid sperm? Hint: It may be helpful to sketch the outcome of nondisjunction to solve this problem.
Which of the following offspring genotypes could result from the fertilization of an egg that had undergone nondisjunction in meiosis II with a normal haploid sperm? (Because a nondisjunction event in meiosis II could involve the chromosome containing gene A or the chromosome containing gene a, be sure to consider both possibilities in your final answer .)
O If Jack and Jill have a child with an Aaa genotype, during which meiotic division, and in which parent, could nondisjunction have occurred?
O If Jack and Jill have a child with an AAa genotype, during which meiotic division, and in which parent, could nondisjunction have occurred?
O If Jack and Jill have a child with an aaa genotype, during which meiotic division, and in which parent, could nondisjunction have occurred?
When homologous chromosomes are not properly separated during cell division, it is known as nondsijunction. The nondisjunction of this fertilization during meiosis was now explained to us.
Which three divisional elements are there?Dividend, divisor, and quotient are the three main parts of a division issue. The dividend is the sum that must be shared. The divisor is the number of "people" by which the number is split. The quotient is the response.
How then can I teach my 7-year-old about division?Give your child a specific number of beads, and tell them to divide them among a given number of tins in an even fashion. Start by showing the child how to divide the beads among four tins while using different bead count each time.
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Human and homeostatic: Together, the hormones insulin and glucagon help maintain a state called homeostasis in which conditions inside the body remain steady. When blood sugar is too high, the pancreas releases more insulin to decrease blood sugar. When blood sugar levels decrease, the pancreas releases glucagon to increase blood sugar levels.
C. When might your body release insulin
D. When might your body release glucagon?
E. If you were to eat a whole bag of candy, which hormone would be released (insulin or glucagon) to help your body maintain homeostasis? Explain why.
Answer:
see full answer in below
Explanation:
C. When might your body release insulin?
-The body releases insulin when blood sugar levels are too high, typically after a meal that is high in carbohydrates or simple sugars. Insulin helps to decrease blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose by cells, particularly by muscle and fat cells, where it can be stored or used as energy.
D. When might your body release glucagon?
-The body releases glucagon when blood sugar levels are too low, typically between meals or during periods of intense physical activity when glucose is being used up rapidly. Glucagon helps to increase blood sugar levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen stored in the liver and release of glucose into the bloodstream.
E. If you were to eat a whole bag of candy, which hormone would be released (insulin or glucagon) to help your body maintain homeostasis? Explain why.
If you were to eat a whole bag of candy, your body would release insulin to help maintain homeostasis. The candy would cause a rapid spike in blood sugar levels, and insulin would be released by the pancreas to promote the uptake of glucose by cells and decrease blood sugar levels back to normal. This is because insulin is released when blood sugar is too high, it helps to decrease blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose by cells, particularly by muscle and fat cells, where it can be stored or used as energy.
you palpitate around the neck region and find some small masses of tissues that seemed to be inflamed. you have strep throat, and this is a common response of this type of infection where lymph nodes become enlarged. what is it called?
The common response of this type of infection where lymph nodes become enlarged Lymphadenopathy.
Which conditions get confused for Lyme disease?Multiple sclerosis (MS), fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, thyroid disease, and psychiatric disorders are only a few of the misdiagnoses made in patients with Lyme disease.
What signs and symptoms point to Lyme disease?The flu-like Lyme disease symptoms typically appear days or weeks after the bite. Your entire body may be itching, and you may also experience chills, a fever, and lightheadedness. You may also get headaches, muscle discomfort, and stiff neck. Most likely, you'll get a bull's-eye rash on your body.
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How does the Boyce and Perrins model differ from the Lack model for explaining optimal clutch size? a. The Boyce and Perrins model accounts for year-to-year predictability in food supply and variation survival rates b. The Boyce and Perrins model assumes that there are specific parental traits that affect offspring survival probabilities. c. The Boyce and Perrins model suggests that average clutch size should be Ihe maximum possible clutch size in good year d. The Boyce and Perrins model accounts for the increasing day lengih as (he spring progresses toward summer each year
The Boyce and Perrins model differ from the Lack model for explaining optimal clutch size as The Boyce and Perrins model accounts for year-to-year predictability in food supply and variation survival rates.
What do you mean by optimal clutch size?The amount of eggs laid during a single spawning event istermed as clutch size, while the quantity of spawning occurrences is called as spawning frequency.When there is a trade-off between the quantity of offspring in a clutch and the quality of each offspring, the number of offspring that particular females are anticipated to produce in that particular mating effort (clutch) is taken into consideration.To know more about optimal clutch size visit
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AssertionArchaebacteria are able to survive in harsh habitats.ReasonPresence of peptidoglycan in cell wall help archaebacteria to survive in extreme conditions.Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh habitats.If both assertion and reason are trueand reason is the correct explanationof assertion.If both assertion and reason are truebut reason is not the correctexplanation of assertion.If assertion is true but reason is false.If both assertion and reason are false.
The correct option is c)assertion is true but reason is false. Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh habitats because of presence of thermostable proteins.
Some of important points about Archaebacteria:
The most seasoned living life forms on earth are known as archaebacteria.Archaebacteria have a place with realm Monera and look like microorganisms when seen under magnifying instrument.Archaebacteria imitate by abiogenetic mode.Archaebacteria contrast from microscopic organisms in cell structure, this component is answerable for their endurance in very brutal circumstances.They live in exceptionally saline, acidic, and anaerobic circumstances.The archaebacteria which live in saline circumstances are called halophiles, while archaea that live in mucky regions are called methanogens.Archaebacteria living in harsh habitats are able to survive like outrageous pungent regions (halophiles), underground aquifers (thermoacidphiles), and so on the grounds that they have thermostable proteins that safeguard and stabilise the design of archaebacteria.
Hence ,correct option is c.
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(Complete question) is:
Assertion: Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh habitats.
Reason: Presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall help archaebacteria to survive in extreme conditions.
a) both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
b) both assertion and reason are truebut reason is not the correctexplanation of assertion.
c) assertion is true but reason is false.
d) both assertion and reason are false.
how would the gametes be affected if a pair of chromosomes fail to separate in the second meitoic dividsion
Two gametes that are both normal, carrying one copy of each chromosome, and two aberrant gametes, one of which carries two copies and the other none.
What if the division of the chromosomes is uneven on either side?Normally, each chromosome is duplicated in one egg or sperm cell. However, an additional or missing chromosome may appear in the resultant egg or sperm cell if chromosomes split unevenly. The embryo that results from fertilization with this egg or sperm will have an imbalance of chromosomes.
What happens if the chromosomes don't divide properly during mitosis?Aneuploidy is a condition when there are either too many or too few chromosomes in the daughter cells produced during mitosis.
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in the 1960's mitochondria dna was discovered with the use of an electron microscope. the presence of mitochondrial dna in eukaryotic cells suggest what about the origin of life on earth
a. eukaryotic cells functions without dna
b. the dna molecule existed before mitochondria
c. mitochondria may have been free-living cells (endosymbiotic theory)
d. that life originated from mitochondrial dna
The presence of mitochondrial DNA in the eukaryotic cell indicates that (c) mitochondria may have been free-living cells (endosymbiotic theory).
Eukaryotic cell is the advanced type of cell with well-defined nucleus. The cell contains several cell organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, chloroplast, and many other for its survival. The ribosome type present in the eukaryotic cell is the 80S type.
Mitochondria is the double membranous cell organelle of the eukaryotic cells that has its own DNA molecule. The inner membrane of the mitochondria is folded into several finger-like projections called cristae. The process of cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondrial membrane.
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Which of the following is a valid interpretation of the experimental results that explains how individuals with type 2 diabetes differ from individuals without diabetes? (A) The relatively low levels of glucose uptake in individuals with type 2 diabetes indicate that mobilization of GLUT4 to the cell surface is reduced in muscle cells of those individuals. (B) The relatively low levels of glucose uptake in individuals with type 2 diabetes indicate that no functional GLUT4 protein is produced in the muscle cells of those individuals. (C) The absences of activated insulin receptors in individuals with type 2 diabetes indicates that no insulin is secreted by the pancreatic cells of those individuals. (D) The absence of activated IRS-1 in individuals with type 2 diabetes indicates that no functional insulin receptor protein is produced in the muscle cells of those individuals.
Option A: The relatively low levels of glucose uptake in individuals with type 2 diabetes indicate that mobilization of GLUT4 to the cell surface is reduced in muscle cells of those individuals, is a valid interpretation of the experimental results.
Glut4 slowly circulates between the plasma membrane and the vesicular compartments of the cell, where the majority of the Glut4 is found, in the absence of insulin. Through a process of selective exocytosis, insulin promotes the translocation of a pool of Glut4 to the plasma membrane. Whereas, individuals without diabetes do not experience any of such cases as their insulin levels are balanced. Thus, option A is the right choice.
People with type 1 diabetes and those with type 2 diabetes who take insulin or other diabetic medications frequently experience low blood glucose levels. Insulin and other medications that aid in the release of insulin into the bloodstream may have the side effect of lowering blood glucose levels. You can lower your blood glucose level by taking these.
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Please help
Factors and Human Influences: After watching the original Dr. Suess' The Lorax...identify each of the
following that were present.
1.Abiotic Factors
Describe the economic
and ecologic importance
of plants.
2.Biotic Factors
Identify the influence of
human population,
technology, and cultural
and industrial changes
on the environment.
3.Positive Human
Influences
Identify positive and
negative effects of
human activities on
biodiversity.
4.Negative Human
Influences
Describe positive and
negative effects of
human influence on the
environment.
Answer:
this is general answer so should be compare btw your the doctor and below answer
Explanation:
Abiotic Factors:
Plants play a crucial role in the economy as they are used for food, medicine, and fibers. They also provide many ecosystem services such as oxygen production, carbon sequestration, and soil stabilization. They also play a vital role in the ecological balance, providing food and habitats for animals, and helping to regulate the climate.
Biotic Factors:
The human population has a significant influence on the environment through activities such as urbanization, deforestation, and pollution. The increasing use of technology has led to a rise in energy consumption and the production of waste and pollution. Cultural and industrial changes have also had a significant impact on the environment, including changes in land use, water use, and the introduction of invasive species.
Positive Human Influences:
Human activities can have both positive and negative effects on biodiversity. Positive effects include conservation efforts, such as the creation of protected areas and the reintroduction of endangered species. Restoration of degraded ecosystems, sustainable land use practices and sustainable harvesting can also have positive effects.
Negative Human Influences:
Human activities can also have negative effects on the environment, including pollution, deforestation, and climate change. The overuse of natural resources, unsustainable land use practices, and the introduction of invasive species can also have negative impacts on biodiversity. Habitat destruction and fragmentation, pollution and the release of greenhouse gases are also some of the negative effects of human influence on the environment.
tubules and filaments that give the cell its shape
Tubules and filaments that give the cell its shape are Microtubules, Intermediate Filaments and Actin filaments, which are all cytoskeleton proteins.
Tubules and filaments are structures found within cells that give the cell its shape. These structures are made up of proteins and are important for maintaining the cell's shape and organization.
Microtubules are long, hollow tubes made up of the protein tubulin. They are involved in many cellular processes such as cell division, cell migration, and cell shape. Microtubules are also responsible for organizing the cell's cytoskeleton and are involved in the formation of cilia and flagella.
Intermediate filaments are another class of cytoskeleton proteins that are involved in maintaining cell shape and strength. They are thicker and more stable than microtubules and actin filaments. Intermediate filaments are composed of different proteins such as keratins in epithelial cells, neurofilaments in neurons, and vimentin in mesenchymal cells.
Actin filaments are made up of the protein actin. They are involved in cell movement, cell division, and cell shape. They are also involved in the formation of filopodia and stress fibers.
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if a blood exposure occurs while providing a consumer service, the practitioner must disinfect all equipment, instruments, and surfaces with: (a) an epa-registered disinfecting solution that is bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal, or bleach solution. (b) styptic. (c) antiseptic. (d) hot, soapy water.
if a blood exposure occurs while providing a consumer service, the practitioner must disinfect all equipment, instruments, and surfaces with an epa-registered disinfecting solution that is bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal, or bleach solution.
In the medical field, "alcohol" refers to two water-soluble chemical compounds—ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol—that have generally underappreciated germicidal properties 482. The FDA has not approved any liquid chemical sterilant or high-level disinfectant containing alcohol as the primary active ingredient. These alcohols are bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic against vegetative forms of bacteria; they are also tuberculocidal, fungicidal, and virucidal but do not destroy bacterial spores. Their cidal activity decreases sharply when diluted below 50% concentration, and the optimum bactericidal concentration is 60%-90% solutions in water.
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Match the Terms the the appropriate definition.
Axial skeleton consists of skull and vertebrae.
What is an axial skeleton?The axial skeleton is made up of the 80 bones within the central core of your body. This includes bones in your head, neck, back and chest. Your axial skeleton protects and cushions your brain, spinal cord and organs.
The word "axial" is taken from the word "axis" and refers to the fact that the bones are located close to or along the central "axis" of the body. The term axis means the central point around which the other structures are distributed.
The axial skeleton supports the head, neck, back, and chest and thus forms the vertical axis of the body. It consists of the skull, vertebral column (including the sacrum and coccyx), and the thoracic cage, formed by the ribs and sternum.
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[Anatomy of eye] We are born with the _____ humor, it is a jelly- like structure that helps keep retina in place.
Answer:
vitreous humor
Explanation:
the vitreous is a colorless, transparent, gel-like substance.
radial loop domains refers to the second level of DNA compaction, involving the zigzag structure attached to scaffold proteins
Answer:
Radial loop domains refers to the second level of DNA compaction, involving the zigzag structure attached to scaffold proteins. Radial loop domains are found on the inner surface of the peripheral histone and help to stabilize it.
Explanation:
The radial loop domains refer to the second level of DNA compaction, and involve the zigzag structure attached to scaffold proteins. Radial loop domains are found in all organisms, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The scaffold protein is typically one of the basic helix-loop-helix (BH3) proteins, such as Drosophila BH3 domal or mammalian BH3 proteins.
Identify three different kinds of family structures. Select all that apply. family of origin extended foster birth dynamic
The three different kinds of family structures are family of origin, extended family and,foster family.
People or spouses who step in for the kid's biological parents as caretakers and parents are known as foster parents. Despite actually adopting the kid, they temporarily accept a kid within their family. They regard to the kid as their foster kid.
The group who raised you as a youngster is referred to as your "family of origin." For instance, your parents, aunts, uncles, family friends, or other relatives could have raised you. Siblings, cousins, and everyone else who stays with you can be considered as members of your family of origin.
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What are the end products formed during fermentation in yeast ? Under what condition a similar process takes
place in our body that leads to muscle cramps ?
The final products formed during yeast fermentation are ethanol and carbon dioxide.
A similar process takes place in muscles, where lactic acid is produced during anaerobic breathing.
Muscle spasms occur when lactic acid builds up in muscle cells.
In anaerobic respiration (fermentation) carbohydrates are broken down in the absence of oxygen.
In yeast, fermentation produces ethanol and carbon dioxide. It can be used in food processing.
Bread - Carbon dioxide raises the dough (sourdough) and ethanol evaporates during baking.
Alcohol - Ethanol is an intoxicant in alcoholic beverages.
Bacterial cultures can also be fermented to produce a variety of food products.
Yogurt/Cheese - Bacteria anaerobically produce lactic acid and modify milk proteins to make yogurt and cheese.
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A new vaccine has been developed to protect people against salmonella food poisoning
Explain how the vaccine prevents people becoming ill with salmonella food poisoning
PLEASE HELP ITS DUE TMRW
Answer:
Explanation:
I really don’t know I just wanted to write this to get the point’s because I’m new to dis app
when she finds that the introduced strand separates into single-stranded rnas, what other evidence of this single-stranded rna piece's activity can she find?
She can look for further evidence of the single-stranded RNA piece’s activity by looking for protein synthesis, changes in gene expression, and changes in the cell’s metabolism.
One way to show evidence of the single-stranded RNA piece’s activity is to look for protein synthesis. The single-stranded RNA piece may be acting as a messenger, carrying instructions from the nucleus to the ribosome to produce proteins. By looking for evidence of protein synthesis, the scientist can confirm that the single-stranded RNA piece is active.
Another way to show evidence of the single-stranded RNA piece’s activity is to look for changes in gene expression. The single-stranded RNA piece may be acting as a regulator, controlling the expression of certain genes. By looking for changes in gene expression, the scientist can show that the single-stranded RNA piece is active.
Finally, the scientist can look for changes in the cell’s metabolism. The single-stranded RNA piece may be acting as a catalyst, speeding up certain metabolic processes. By looking for changes in the cell’s metabolism, the scientist can confirm that the single-stranded RNA piece is active.
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what is the difference between lytic and lysogenic cycle?
There is no integration of the viral genome into the host genome during the lytic cycle. The viral genome fuses with the host genome during replication of the lysogenic cycle and remains there until the lytic cycle is initiated.
In the lytic cycle, viruses produce new copies of themselves inside a host cell before bursting outside the cell. The viral genome is incorporated into the host cell's DNA during the lysogenic cycle, causing internal infection.
Bacterial cells with lytic phages are split open (lysed) and destroyed following an instant virion multiplication. Once the cell has been eliminated, the phage offspring can start looking for new victims to infect.
The host cell is not immediately lysed as is the case with the lysogenic cycle. Temperate phages are those that can go through lysogeny. Their viral genome will merge with host DNA, proliferate along with it in a relatively benign manner, or even take root as a plasmid.
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When demonstrating the function of the filtration membrane in a lab activity, what is used to test for various substances in the urine filtrate?
When demonstrating the function of the filtration membrane in a lab activity, urinalysis strip is used to test for various substances in the urine filtrate.
Membrane filters are made from a variety of synthetic materials, such as cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate (collodion), polyamide (nylon), polycarbonate, polypropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon). Typically, module building entails potting or sealing the membrane material into an assembly, such as a hollow-fiber module.
Membrane filtration is a water testing procedure. Water is drawn through a specific porous membrane intended to catch microorganisms bigger than 0.45 m in this method. The filter is then placed over the surface of Endo agar plates and incubated for 24 hours. Membrane filtering methods can be pressure or vacuum operated. Membrane filtration is widely used in wastewater treatment to remove bacteria and certain viruses.
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