What is the difference between the sum of the measures of the interior angles in an octagon and the sum of the measures of the interior angles in a hexagon?.

Nodes are the points at the endpoints of branches that, at various moments in evolutionary history, represent potential or actual sequences.

A cladogram inner node that contains more than two immediate descendents on either side of it is referred to technically as having polytomy (i.e, sister taxa).

An organism and all of its offspring make up a clade. A "clade" would include all descendant species of the common ancestor of apes, for instance. Clade is derived from the Greek word klados, which means "branch" in English.

What is phylogenetic tree?

A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that shows the evolutionary links among various biological species. It is also referred to as an evolutionary tree or a phylogeny.

The idea that life evolves from lower to higher tiers like a ladder, referring to it be like the Great Chain of Being, is an outdated view of the "tree of life" that phylogenetic trees are known as. An early phylogenetic tree that includes a paleontological chart can be seen as a branching tree in early perceptions, drawings, and sketches. This mainly demonstrated how plants and animals have geological connections and relationships.

Nodes are the points at the endpoints of branches that, at various moments in evolutionary history, represent potential or actual sequences.

A cladogram inner node that contains more than two immediate descendents on either side of it is referred to technically as having polytomy (i.e, sister taxa).

An organism and all of its offspring make up a clade. A "clade" would include all descendant species of the common ancestor of apes, for instance. Clade is derived from the Greek word klados, which means "branch" in English.

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The pH of the resulting solution formed by mixing HCl in water is 2.40.

The term pH, which stands for the potential of hydrogen, refers to a measurement of a substance's concentration of hydrogen ions (also known as protons). The pH of a solution provides important clues about its chemical makeup. Nutrient availability, biological function, bacterial behavior, and chemical behavior can all be impacted by pH.

pH = -log[H+], where [H+] is the concentration of H+ ions, is the formula used to determine the pH of any solution. The concentration of H+ ions is equal to the concentration of HCl because HCl is a strong acid and exhibits full dissociation.

Given mass of HCl = 0.45 g

Volume of solution = 2.0 L

We calculate the concentration of H⁺ ions as below:

M = n/V, where

V = volume

n = no. of moles

And no. of moles will be calculated as:

n = W/M, where

W = given mass

M = molar mass

Moles of 0.45 g of HCl = 0.45 g / 36.5g/mol = 0.0123mol

Now we put all these values in the above equation of concentration as:

M = 0.0123mol / 2.0L = 0.0061 M

We will put these values of concentration of H⁺ ions in the pH equation as:

pH = -log(0.006) = 2.22

Hence, 2.22 is the value of pH.

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The energy levels in which electrons orbit around the nucleus are also called electron shells.

All atoms contain electrons, protons and neutrons. The protons and neutrons are located in the center of the atom called the nucleus. Electrons orbit around the nucleus in electron orbits or shells.

Electron shells or energy levels are the paths followed by electrons as they orbit round the nucleus. The shells are used to determine an atom's electronic configuration and atomic structure.

The shells in an atom are given a number, starting from the innermost shell to the outermost shell, called the principal quantum number, denoted with the letter n. The farther away a shell is from the nucleus, the higher the energy level and the higher the principal quantum number.

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RbOH, HBr cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution.

Hence,  RbOH, HBr cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution.

option C is correct.

The correct question is,

Which one of the following pairs cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution?

A) NH3, NH4CI

B) NaC2H3O2, HCl (C2H3O-2)

C) RbOH, HBr

D) KOH, HF

E) H3PO4, KH2PO4

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Statement that potassium reaches its equilibrium potential when there are equal concentrations of potassium inside and outside the cell is false.

Equilibrium potential of potassium at which the electrical and concentration forces are balanced for a potassium ion is not when there are equal concentrations of potassium inside and outside the cell.

Equilibrium potential for potassium ion is negative, because there is difference between concentration of ions of potassium inside and outside the cell.

The sodium-potassium pump releases three Na+ ions, while in the same time two K+ ions exit the cell. For this process one molecule of ATP is consumed.

The concentration of sodium is high outside the cell (extracellular fluid) and the concentration of potassium is high inside the cell (cytoplasm).

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Volume under the following condition is 280.47 cm³.

Given,

intial volume is 310cm³

temperature is 242K

final pressure is 840mmHg

pressure at STP is 1atm or 760mmHg

we have to find out volume at final pressure

Use Boyle's law

P1 * V1 = P2 * V2

Put the values from the question

760* 310 = 840 * V2

V2 = 760* 310 / 840

V2 = 280.47 cm³

Therefore, volume at final pressure is 280.47 cm³.

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Specifying an algorithmic solution to a problem allows us to take advantage of the speed and power of a computer system to automate the solution.

Algorithmic solutions are those that attempt to tackle a problem in a number of steps. To arrange an array in ascending order, for example, a sequenced order of steps is used, so this is an algorithmic solution.

An algorithm is a method of describing the sequential execution of computer issues. It can be compared to a recipe in which the stages for food preparation are specified. The algorithm includes multiple aspects of a program like input, computations, repetitive structures, variable initialization, and mathematical outputs. It is later transformed into flowcharts and programs.

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The chemical formula of muscovite is given as (KF)₂(Al₂O₃)₂(SiO₂)(H₂O).

The mineral muscovite is very useful in the formation of rocks. It is composed of  aluminum and potassium in the hydrated form and is part of the mica family. It can be found in  igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks.

Rocks are massive structures which could be found above or below the earth's surface. They are formed by molten magma or by the deposition of materials in layers overtime. Some types of rocks are formed from changes in existing rocks.

The Muscovite could be used in cosmetics as well as to make a paint to shine The chemical formula of muscovite is given as (KF)₂(Al₂O₃)₂(SiO₂)(H₂O). We can see that it contains the elements aluminum, potassium and silicon.

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If you substituted the carbonyl in the peptide bond with a C-F bond, the strands would get closer together.

All of the amino acids could form a hydrogen bond with another amino acid in the chain to stabilize the secondary structure of a b-pleated sheet.

Protein is composed of amino acid linked with peptide bond.

Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (H), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as fluorine (F), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms.

In a beta-pleated sheet, hydrogen bonds are formed between carbonyl and amino groups of backbone (see picture below).

Fluorine atom has greater electronegativity than oxygen atom in carbony group, so the hydrogen bond with hydrogen atom is shorter and strands are closer.

Electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

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The number of mole of oxygen needed for the reaction is 0.1 mole

We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This shown below:

S + O₂ --> SO₂

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of S required 1 mole of O₂

The mole of oxygen needed to react with 0.1 mole of sulphur can be obatined as follow:

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of S required 1 mole of O₂

Therefore,

0.1 mole of S will also require 0.1 mole of O₂

Thus, 0.1 mole of O₂ is needed for the reaction

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Answer:

like a element is like water

Answer:

periodic table

The atoms made up in a car are as old as the car.

Cars are made up from metals and elements which are made up of atoms.

Atoms, which are little bits of matter, are what distinguish one chemical element from the others. A negatively charged core nucleus and one or more orbiting electrons make up an atom. The positively charged nucleus houses one or more protons and neutrons, which are relatively heavy particles.

Any material with mass and volume is considered matter because it occupies space. The observable cosmos is made up of matter, which coupled with energy serves as the foundation for all objective occurrences.

Car is consequently matter comprised of atoms.

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Dissolve the naphthalene in minimum amount of hot methanol and hot filter the suspension. Impure samples of naphthalene can be purified by sublimation.

Certain organic substances change directly from the solid to the gaseous state when heated, without going through the liquid state. This process is called sublimation. In this process, the naphthalene generated becomes smoke and impurities remain. Steam can be cooled by condensation. This method is very useful for separating volatile solids from non-volatile solids.

Impure sublimable organic compounds are placed in a porcelain dish and covered with perforated filter paper. Place a cotton-plugged funnel on top of the filter paper to prevent organic compound vapors from escaping. A porcelain bowl is gently heated.

Organic compounds sublimate and vapor rises through the holes in the filter paper into the funnel. Because the funnel is cooler than the bowl, vapors condense on the cool walls of the funnel to form pure crystals of organic compounds.

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There are 2.05×[tex]10^{25}[/tex] titantium atoms in the cube.

STEP 1. Converting inches to cm

length in cm = 2.81 in*(2.54cm/1 in)

length in cm =7.1374

STEP 2: Determining mass of cube from the density

density = mass/volume

mass = density * volume

mass = 4.50 g/cm^2*(7.1374 cm) ^3

mass = 1635.18 g

STEP 3: Converting mass of titanium cube to number of atoms

no. of. Ti. atoms = 1636.18 g Ti * ( [tex]\frac{1 mol Ti}{47.867 g}[/tex]) ([tex]\frac{6.022*10^{23} atoms}{1 mol Ti}[/tex])

no. of. Ti. atoms = 2.058*10^25 atoms

Since the given values have 3 significant figures, the final answer must be:

no. of. Ti. atoms = 2.05*10^25 Ti atoms.

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Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom, which restricts electrons to circular orbits around the nucleus parameterized by a single number, n, can best be applied to any atom with one electron.

He⁺, Li²⁺, and Be³⁺ are examples of such atoms.

According to Bohr's atomic model, electrons revolve around the nucleus without emitting energy. K, L, M, and N are used to describe the energy shell. The energy is emitted or absorbed only when an atom jumps to a higher or lower orbit.

The energy equation  is:

ΔE = hv

Where ΔE is the change in energy, h is the Planck constant, and v is the frequency.

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What is the nervous system?

The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. It controls much of what you think and feel and what your body does. It allows you to do things like walk, speak, swallow, breathe and learn. It also controls how the body reacts in an emergency.

What is the digestive system?

The organs that take in food and liquids and break them down into substances that the body can use for energy, growth, and tissue repair. Waste products the body cannot use leave the body through bowel movements.

Similarities (or how they function together):

When we eat, our brain sends signals to our digestive tract so that it can break down what we eat into smaller molecules for absorption into our bloodstream. The nervous system controls the digestive system by sending signals to the brain and organs.

Differences:

The nervous system controls all your senses, and movements. While the digestive system controls your food

I hope that helped!

Answer:

Capital Formation:

Natural Resources:

Marketable Surplus of Agriculture

Conditions in Foreign Trade:

Explanation:

The Ka of the weak acid is 6.28 × 10⁻⁶.

Ka is the acid dissociation constant, which quantifies the extent of acid dissociation in water.

Balanced chemical reaction (dissociation) of an aqueous solution of a weak acid:

HA(aq) ⇄ H⁺(aq) + A⁻(aq)

pH = 2.708

c(H⁺) = 10⁻²°⁷⁰⁸

c(H⁺) = 1.96 × 10⁻³ M; concentration of hydrogen ions

c(H⁺) = c(A⁻); from balanced chemical reaction

c(HA) = 0.613 M - 1.96 × 10⁻³ M

c(HA) = 0.611 M; concentration of an acid in the solution

Ka = c(H⁺) × c(A⁻) / c(HA)

Ka = (1.96 × 10⁻³ M)² / 0.611 M

Ka = 6.28 × 10⁻⁶; the acid dissociation constant

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Phosphorus shares its valence electrons with other elements to form a covalent bond.

The electronegativity of an element largely determines its capacity for sharing or donation of electrons thereby forming covalent bond or ionic bond. Additionally, the charge to mass ratio is a major factor in this electronegativity.

The atomic number of phosphorus is 15, and its mass is 31. It is therefore a large atom with low electronegativity. Therefore, if a highly electropositive atom does not arrive to complete its electron needs, it is unable to take three electrons from other atoms to fulfil its charge. Thus, it favours sharing in most cases forming covalent bonds.

Phosphorus typically has 5 valence electrons, and the final 3 are required to complete its octet. It does, however, possess an open d-sub shell where its electrons can be excited, changing its number of valence electrons from 3 to 5. As a result, it shares those 5 electrons with the other elements to create 5 covalent bonds.

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53 grams of solid sodium carbonate would be required to neutralize HCl.

Balanced chemical equation:

2HCl(aq) + Na₂CO₃(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)

V(HCl) = 1.0 l; volume of the hydrochloric acid

c(HCl) = 1.0 M; concentration of the hydrochloric acid

n(HCl) = c(HCl) × V(HCl)

n(HCl) = 1 mol; amount of the hydrochloric acid

From the balanced equation: n(HCl) : n(Na₂CO₃) = 2 : 1

n(Na₂CO₃) = 1 mol ÷ 2

n(Na₂CO₃) = 0.5 mol; amount of sodium carbonate

m(Na₂CO₃) = n(Na₂CO₃) × M(Na₂CO₃)

m(Na₂CO₃) = 0.5 mol × 105.99 g/mol

m(Na₂CO₃) = 53 g; mass of sodium carbonate

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Answer:

Chromatography is a method of separating out materials from a mixture. Ink is a mixture of several dyes and therefore we can separate those colors from one another using chromatography. When ink is exposed to certain solvents the colors dissolve and can be seperated out.

Eight isomers are possible for the bond-line structures for constitutional isomers with a molecular formula of c4h11n

n-butylamine

sec-butylamine

isobutylamine

tert-butylamine

N-methyl-n-propylamine

N-methylisopropylamineamine

N, N-diethyl amine

N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylamine

one of two or more compounds, radicals, or ions containing the same number of atoms of the same element but differing in structural arrangement and properties That is, they have exactly the same molecular formula, but the atoms are arranged differently.

n-butane and isobutane are examples of structural isomers, as are ethanol and dimethyl ether. Constitutional isomers can also have different functional groups.

Constitutive isomers are molecules with different connections. It resembles a simple bracelet with different orders of red and green beads. The second type is stereoisomers. Stereoisomers have the same connectivity but differ in the spatial orientation of the parts.

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When sodium oxide is dropped into a buffered solution, the buffer's weak acid component consumes the added hydroxide ion.

A buffer must contain a weak acid and its conjugate base. There are several ways to make a solution containing these two components: buffers can be made from weak acids or bases and their salts.

When the solution contains a buffer, the hydroxide (OH-) ions react with the weak acid in the buffer solution instead of with water, likely to result in water and A- ions.

Thus, the buffer's weak acid absorbs the extra hydroxide ions from the solution.

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Taking into account the Gay-Lussac's law, the new pressure of the chamber is 569.295 kPa.

Gay-Lussac's law indicates that, as long as the volume of the container containing the gas is constant, as the temperature increases, the gas molecules move faster. Then the number of shocks against the walls increases, that is, the pressure increases.

That is, the gas pressure is directly proportional to its temperature: when there is a constant volume, as the temperature increases, the gas pressure increases, and when the temperature decreases, gas pressure decreases.

Gay-Lussac's law can be expressed mathematically as follows:

P÷T= k

Considering an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:

P₁÷T₁= P₂÷T₂

In this case, you know:

Replacing in Gay-Lussac's law:

450 kPa÷ 298 K= P₂÷ 377 K

Solving:

(450 kPa÷ 298 K)× 377 K= P₂

569.295 kPa= P₂

Finally, 569.295 kPa will be the new pressure.

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Given,

Mass required to trigger a mouse trap =157grams

Mass of mouse = 4 ounces (oz)

we need to find the largest mass of cheese a mouse should carry to not set off the trap-

Firstly, we need to convert oz into grams

⇒ 4 x 28.3 = 113.2 grams

∴Mass of cheese in grams = 113.2

For the mouse to not set off the trap, mass of mouse + mass of cheese should be less than 157 grams.

⇒113.2 + mass of cheese < 157

⇒ Mass of cheese < 157 - 113.2

Mass of cheese < 43.8 gm

Hence, the mouse should carry a cheese of 43.8 grams to not set off the trap.

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The mouse should carry a 43.8 grams block of cheese in order to avoid setting off.

Given,

A mouse trap requires 157 grams of mass to set off.

Mouse weight is 4 ounces (oz)

To avoid setting off the trap, we need to determine how much cheese a mouse should be able to carry.

First, we must change an ounce into grams.

4 x 28.3 equals 113.2 grams.

The mass of cheese is 113.2 grams.

Mass of mouse plus mass of cheese must be less than 157 grams for the mouse to avoid setting off the trap.

113.2 +  cheese mass equals 157.

157 cheese mass - 113.2= 43.8 g of cheese total.

Hence, In order to avoid setting off the trap, the mouse should carry a 43.8-gram block of cheese.

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The molar mass is 151 g/mol.

The Raout's law is used to describe the relationship between the partial pressures of the solution and that of the solute. Given that we have the partial pressure of the pure solvent is 0.2630 atm and the partial pressure of the solution is 0.2474 atm

Using Raout's law;

Psolution = Psolvent * mole fraction

Number of acetone = 25.00 g/58.08 g/mol = 0.43 moles

Number of substance =  4.231 g/ MM

Where MM = molar mass

0.2474 atm = 0.2630 atm * Moles of acetone/Total number of moles

Let the Moles of substance be x

0.2474 atm = 0.2630 atm *  0.43/0.43 + x

0.2474  = 0.113/0.43 + x

0.2474(0.43 + x) = 0.113

0.106 + 0.2474x =  0.113

0.2474x = 0.113 - 0.106

x = 0.113 - 0.106/0.2474

x = 0.028

Then;

x = 4.231 / MM

0.028 =  4.231 / MM

MM = 4.231 / 0.028

MM = 151 g/mol

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In the beaker, we would find both reactants and products.

The term reaction has to do with an interaction between reactants to give products. Sometimes, there is only a single reactant as we can see in the equation written as follows; [tex][Cu(H_{2} O)_{6} ]^{2+} ------- > [Cu(H_{2} O)_{5} (OH^-)]^+ + H^+[/tex]

In this case, a hydrogen ion leaves one of the water ligands to yield the species on the left hand side of the reaction equation. The double arrow in the reaction implies that this is a reversible reaction. A reversible reaction is one that could go either forward or backwards.

In a state of dynamic equilibrium, we always have the reactants and the products in the beaker. This is because, reactants are being converted to products and products to reactant at the same rate.

Hence in the beaker, we would find both reactants and products.

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When 16.45 g sample of NaCl is dissolved in enough water to make 1.000 l of solution, the solution has a molarity equal to 0.2815 moles NaCl/L solution.

Molarity, or molar concentration, is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It can be calculated using the formula given by:

M = n/v

where M = molarity

n = number of moles of solute

v = volume of solution

If the mass of the solute NaCl is 16.45 g, divide it with the molar mass of NaCl to get the number of moles of solute.

n = m/MM

n = 16.45 g/58.44 g/mol

n = 0.2814852841 moles NaCl

If 0.2814852841 moles NaCl is dissolved in enough water to make 1. 000 l of solution, solve its molarity.

M = n/v

M = 0.2814852841 moles NaCl/1.000 l solution

M = 0.2814852841 moles NaCl/L solution

M = 0.2815 moles NaCl/L solution

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