What is the major concept of the biological theory of evolution?.

D. Fermentation process allows glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen.

In general, fermentation is the process when pyruvic acid is produced during glycolysis and is converted into either ethanol or lactic acid. Thus use of pyruvic acid during fermentation permits glycolysis helps to continue with its associated production of ATP.

On the other hand Glycolysis can occur in the presence or absence of oxygen. Respiration process is done when oxygen is present. Next stage that is after glycolysis is oxidative phosphorylation, that helps to feeds pyruvate into the Krebs Cycle and also helps the hydrogen released out of glycolysis to the electron transport chain to produce more ATP.

Hence, D is correct option

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The components of visceral reflex arc in order

1- Receptor

2- afferent neuron

3- interneuron

4- efferent neurons

5- effector

what is visceral reflex arc

Visceral reflex is the reflex arc of autonomic nervous system which produces a glandular or non-skeletal muscular response in internal organs like the heart, blood vessels, organs in gastrointestinal tract, etc.

The output of a visceral reflex is two-step pathway starting with the preganglionic fiber emerging from a lateral horn neuron in spinal cord, or a cranial nucleus neuron in brain stem, to a ganglion—followed by the postganglionic fiber projecting to target effector.

The role of visceral reflexes is to maintain a balance of function in the organ systems of body. The two divisions of the autonomic system each play role in effecting change, usually in competing directions. The sympathetic system increases heart rate, whereas parasympathetic system decreases heart rate.

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Answer:

C. Droughts, floods, and heat waves

Explanation:

Abiotic factors are non-living physical and chemical elements and conditions in an ecosystem that can affect the stability of that ecosystem. Examples of abiotic factors that could affect the stability of an ecosystem include weather conditions such as droughts, floods, and heat waves, as well as the availability of natural resources such as water, light, and nutrients. These factors can affect the growth and survival of plants and animals in the ecosystem, and can also affect the overall health and productivity of the ecosystem. Factors such as hurricanes, packs of wolves, temperature, blizzards, heat waves, swarms of grasshoppers, species of fish, number of decomposers, and supply of algae are not abiotic factors.

Enzymes play a role in accelerating metabolism, or chemical reactions in our bodies. Some substances are produced, while others are depleted.

Enzymes are proteins that help to accelerate metabolism, or the chemical reactions that take place in our bodies. Some substances are produced, whereas others are depleted. All living things contain enzymes.

Our bodies naturally produce enzymes. Enzymes, on the other hand, can be found in both manufactured goods and food.

One of the most important roles of enzymes is to aid in digestion. The process by which we convert the food we eat into energy is known as digestion. Our saliva, pancreas, intestines, and stomach, for example, contain enzymes. They are capable of breaking down fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.

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The Galapagos Islands are so biodiverse due to the variety of habitat zones found on the islands. There are coral reefs, highland forests, sand dunes, and scrubland, as well as a variety of habitats that change from island to island. The diversity of species is only one piece of the biodiversity puzzle.

Darwin began to wonder if species from South America had arrived in the Galapagos and then adapted to new environments. This concept of species change eventually led to Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection.

The Galapagos Islands are home to previously unseen species that have no fear of approaching humans because it is the only place on the planet with no predators. Because the Galapagos Islands are small and have many ecological niches available, Darwin's finches' evolution is best explained as adaptive radiation.

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Answer:

1) Cyanobacteria and Fungi

Explanation:

I hope it helps:)

Answer:

Flash Cards

Explanation:

Flashcards are great for memorization because they provide a simple and efficient way to review and retain information. They present information in a concise, easy-to-digest format, with a question or prompt on one side, and the answer or information on the other side. This format allows for quick and efficient review of the material, making it easy to identify areas of weakness and focus on them. Additionally, flashcards can be organized and sorted by subject matter, making them easy to find and review. By providing a quick and efficient way to review and retain information, flashcards are a great tool for memorization.

The honing canine tooth is used by nonhuman primates to obtain food.

Primates use the honing canine tooth to tear apart tough plants, such as fruits, nuts, and leaves. It is a sharp, curved tooth that is located in the front of the jaw, just below the incisors. The honing canine tooth is an adaptation that allows primates to acquire food more easily.

The honing canine tooth is an adaptation that has evolved over millions of years, as primates have gained the ability to obtain more difficult types of food. This adaptation is especially useful for primates who live in habitats with a large variety of plants, such as tropical rainforests. Having a honing canine tooth allows primates to access food sources that would otherwise be too difficult to process.

The honing canine tooth is used in conjunction with the incisors, which are used for cutting and slicing food. The honing canine tooth is used for tearing apart plants and other tough materials, while the incisors are used for more precise cutting. This combination of adaptations allows primates to process a wide variety of foods.

The honing canine tooth is used by primates of all sizes, from small lemurs to great apes. However, large primates, such as gorillas, tend to have larger and more powerful honing canine teeth than smaller primates, such as marmosets. This adaptation allows them to process larger and tougher foods, such as hard nuts.

Overall, the honing canine tooth is an important adaptation that allows primates to process a variety of foods and obtain the nutrients they need to survive. This adaptation has evolved over millions of years, and is an important part of the primate diet.

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Answer:

The amniotic egg is an adaptation that allowed the vertebrate lineage to evolve onto land. This adaptation allowed vertebrates to reproduce on land by providing a watery environment in which embryos can develop and grow. The amniotic egg consists of a protective shell, an amniotic cavity filled with amniotic fluid, and an extraembryonic membrane to absorb oxygen and carbon dioxide. The amniotic egg is also surrounded by a yolk sac and a chorion, which provide nutrients to the developing embryo and protect it from the outside environment. The amniotic egg allowed vertebrates to live and reproduce in a terrestrial environment, allowing them to take advantage of new resources and habitats, and ultimately leading to the evolution of the modern land-dwelling vertebrates.

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One way eukaryotic cell  ministry can distinguish between  colorful membranes in the cell is by examining the composition of lipids within the membrane.

The composition of lipids, including the  rate of  impregnated to unsaturated adipose acids, varies depending on the type of membrane. For  illustration, the  remotest tube membrane of the cell contains  further unsaturated adipose acids while the endoplasmic reticulum membrane contains more  logged adipose acids. also, the type of phospholipid within the membrane can vary

The  remotest tube membrane is composed of  substantially phosphatidylcholine while the endoplasmic reticulum is composed  substantially of phosphatidylethanolamine. The  ministry of the eukaryotic cell is  suitable to  descry these differences and use them to  separate between the  colorful membranes.

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Answer: Autotrophs

Explanation:

In this activity, you will use popsicle sticks to model the process of gamete formation and the combining of sperm and egg to create offspring. Results of the simulation can then be compared to Punnett square expected results.

What isis gamete formation?

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Answer:A

Explanation:

they measure the seismic waves caused by earthquakes to measure approximately what the core is doing.

The most important organisms of food web are generally plants, plankton, herbivores (such as cows,goats) and carnivores (eagle, tiger).

Starting with green plants and plankton, they are the most important organisms of the food web as they are the only organisms along with few microorganisms which can convert sunlight into edible energy sources. Green plants and plankton performs photosynthesis to convert sunlight energy into chemical energy which are then eaten by herbivores and fishes.

Herbivores are also very important in a food web as they transfer the chemical energy to other higher level organisms in the food web. They eat plants and trees and then get then they get consumed by carnivores and omnivores.

Carnivores are generally on the top of a food web, they consume animals from lower level of the food chain/web.

15 organisms in a food web are : Plankton, Green plants(autotrophs), grasshopper, crickets, fish, frog, rat, deer, goat, humans, cow, snake, lion, eagle, wolf, vulture etc.

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Answer:

Green plants are important because they use photosynthesis

Explanation:

Green plants are important because they use photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. This process also produces oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for all aerobic organisms on Earth. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, and it is driven by chlorophyll, the pigment that gives plants their green color. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide from the air is taken in and combined with water, which is oxidized by the chlorophyll to release oxygen. The glucose produced is used as an energy source for the plant and also serves as a building block for other organic compounds.

Additionally, green plants play a crucial role in the carbon cycle by absorbing carbon dioxide from the air and converting it into organic compounds. This process is known as carbon fixation, and it helps to regulate the Earth's atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, which is important for the overall health of the planet.

In summary, green plants are important because they use photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy, which they use to grow and survive. They also produce oxygen as a byproduct and play an important role in the carbon cycle by absorbing carbon dioxide from the air.

Answer:

They use carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

Green plants are important because they use photosynthesis through which they absorb the carbon dioxide present in the nature and release oxygen.

The light-independent reactions like the Calvin cycle "fix" CO2 by producing a substance that may be turned into glucose using chemical energy that was previously accumulated from the light-dependent reactions. The assembly of a glucose molecule is the final step in the light-independent processes, also known as the Calvin cycle.

The end products of the light independent phase includes NADPH and ATP. A sequence of biochemical processes known as "light-independent reactions" take place during photosynthesis but are unaffected by light, leading to the formation of organic molecules from carbon dioxide. These processes take place in the stroma, or chloroplast cells' cytoplasm. These are additionally known as dark reactions. Carbohydrates are created by a sequence of chemical processes that modify carbon dioxide.

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A passage between the cell walls of two neighboring plant cells is known as a plasmodesma. Materials can move from the cytoplasm of one plant cell to the cytoplasm of a neighboring cell thanks to plasmodesmata. 

As a result, plasmodesmata are the sole type of intercellular connection seen in plant cells. They directly link the cytoplasms of neighbouring cells, much like gap junctions do. Between tiny channels woven through the walls of neighboring plant cells, plant cells can communicate with one another. These pathways, referred to as plasmodesmata, enable chemicals to move freely between cells, allowing plants to grow regularly and form tissues and organs. Plants have developed cytoplasmic bridges, known as plasmodesmata, that span cell walls and connect the fluid cytoplasm between adjacent cells to permit intercellular communication.

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Prolactin. The alveolar cells' ability to secrete milk requires prolactin. During pregnancy, the blood level of prolactin rises significantly, the mammary tissue grow and develop in preparation for producing milk.

For complete morphogenesis as well as the production and ejection of milk, pituitary hormones, such as prolactin, oxytocin, and growth hormone, as well as those that indirectly affect the gland, are required.

The mammary glands of a nursing mother are triggered to produce milk by prolactin. The mother's release of prolactin-releasing factors is stimulated by the infant's suckling after birth, which encourages continued milk production.

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Components of the DNA double helix  are:

A: Backbone B: Bases C: Sugar-Phosphate Groups

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that contains the genetic code of all living organisms. It is composed of two strands that wrap around each other to form a double helix structure. DNA contains four nucleotides (adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine) that make up the code of life. This code is responsible for the development and functioning of all living organisms, from the way they look to their behaviour. DNA is passed from one generation to the next, providing a blueprint for life and making it possible for characteristics to be inherited. Scientists use DNA to study the evolution of species, identify individuals, and diagnose certain medical conditions.

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e. stomata for gas exchange would not have been useful in the evolution of land plants.

Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves and stem that allow for the exchange of gases between the plant and the environment. They are very important in photosynthesis, the process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process helps land plants to survive and thrive on land.

Water conservation mechanisms, vascular tissue, a dominant sporophyte and a dominant gametophyte, on the other hand, were all necessary for the evolution of land plants. Vascular tissue is necessary for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant. Water conservation mechanisms, such as a waxy cuticle, help to reduce water loss. A dominant sporophyte (the diploid generation of the plant life cycle) is necessary for reproduction on land, and a dominant gametophyte (the haploid generation) is necessary for the production of spores.

In summary, stomata for gas exchange were useful for plants but not necessary for the evolution of land plants as the other options, which were useful for the plants to adapt and survive on land.

Motor neuron transmits impulses from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles and glands.

To effector organs like muscles and glands, the CNS delivers impulses via efferent, or motor, neurons.Typically, efferent neurons have long axons and short dendrites.

Motor neuron also referred to as efferent nerves, send impulses to muscles and glands from the brain or spinal cord. Afferent nerves also referred to as sensory nerves, transmit impulses from sensory receptors to the brain.

The nerve impulse is frequently referred to as a "action potential." It speaks of the electrical signal that an activated neuron sends out. The synapses, or connections between the cells, then send this signal.

Complete question:

Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles and glands?

A. Sensory neuron

B. Motor neuron

C. Interneuron

D. All of the above

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The WPA was created with the intention of providing millions of Americans with jobs and income in order to provide relief for the unemployed.

Employees of the WPA built bridges, roads, public buildings, public parks, and airports for an average monthly wage of $41.57. The WPA would spend more than $11 million on job relief before it was discontinued in 1943, led by Harry Hopkins, a passionate former social worker who had come from modest circumstances. The Works Progress Administration (WPA), also known as the (1939–43) Work Projects Administration, was established in 1935 as part of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal. The WPA was created with the intention of providing millions of Americans with jobs and income in order to provide relief for the unemployed. More than 3.3 million Americans worked for the WPA at its peak in late 1938.

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Yes, atoms of different elements have different properties.

Chemical characteristics vary among elements' atoms. (These differences can be minute, as those between the noble gases neon and argon, or enormous, like those between strongly nonmetallic chlorine and very metallic sodium.)

When compared to one atom of sodium from metallic sodium, sodium atoms from table salt act substantially differently. Atoms of the same element are not always similar because they might exist in several states.

Based on the configuration and quantity of their fundamental constituents, atoms have various characteristics. There is only one proton, one electron, and no neutrons in the hydrogen atom (H). The element's atomic number and mass number can be used to determine this (see the concept on atomic numbers and mass numbers).

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The following characteristics of living things which best explains why some North American birds fly south for the winter is living things respond to their environment and is denoted as option A.

This is referred to as the excitatory ability that living organisms have to respond to changes in their environment.

In this scenario, the winter condition is characterized by a very low temperature which may cause freezing of the organisms and a low availability of food supply in the region which is why they  fly south to be more in a conducive environment hence option A was chosen as the correct choice.

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The characteristics of living things that best explains why some North American birds fly south for the winter is as follows: Living things respond to their environment (option A).

Living things are organisms that possess life in them. This means that living things possess certain characteristics that distinguish them.

The characteristics of living things are as follows:

According to this question, North American birds fly south for the winter because they can respond to stimuli in their environment causing them to migrate.

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When your baby and placenta are delivered, your levels of oestrogen and progesterone suddenly fall, which triggers the hormone prolactin to take over. The hormone responsible for milk production is called prolactin.

lactogenesis Two to three days after delivery is when this stage begins( after giving birth). During this time, milk product increases. When your baby and placenta are delivered, your situations of oestrogen and progesterone suddenly fall, which triggers the hormone prolactin to take over. The hormone responsible for milk product is called prolactin. At this point, you will notice a significant rise in milk affair. The expression" milk coming in" is constantly used. Your guts are constantly engorged, or overstuffed, with milk to the point where they hurt, hurt, or feel painful. As long as milk is withdrawn from your bone, lactation generally continues. Your body produces further milk to make up for the quantum of milk that's excluded. Your body will produce further milk if you feed or pump constantly.

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Option C is correct . The sun has more than one-million time the volume of Earth.

Our Sun is a medium-sized star (700,000 kilometres in diameter) with a radius of about 435,000 miles. Compared to many other stars, the Sun is significantly more massive than Earth; it would take more than 330,000 Earths to have the same mass as the Sun.

The Solar System's largest and heaviest object is the Sun. The Sun's diameter is 1,390,000 km. Contrarily, the Earth's diameter is only 12,742 kilometres. The Sun is considerably bigger than the Earth.

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Question:-

How large is the sun relative to the Earth?  a. They are nearly the same size. The sun has more than one-thousand time the volume of Earth. C. The sun has more than one-million time the volume of Earth. D. The sun has more than one-billion time the volume of Earth

Answer:

860 out of 1,000 to get a b

Explanation:

Motor Neurons - Direct body actions by transmitting impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands. Interneurons are neurons that form bridges between other neurons to transmit impulses.

Neurons, also known as nerve cells, are essentially the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. Neurons do not touch each other, but where one neuron comes close to another neuron, a synapse is formed between the two.

According to new research, the human brain contains around 86 billons neurons (Herculano-Houzel, 2009). These cells develop around fully around the time of birth but unlike other cells, cannot reproduce or regenerate once they die.

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