Answer:
D.
Explanation:
What is the estimated effective nuclear charge, zeff, experienced by an electron in a 3p orbital of a chlorine atom?.
The estimated effective nuclear charge, Zeff, that an electron in an atom of chlorine experiences is seven.
Effective nuclear charge: What is it?The net positive charge that an electron in an atom experiences is known as effective nuclear charge. The overall positive charge of the nucleus is typically higher than the effective nuclear charge (nuclear charge). The inner orbital electrons' protective shielding effect is responsible for the electron's reduction in nuclear charge.
How do we determine it?We use the following formula to determine Z eff for electron:
Z eff is equal to Z - S, where S is the average electron density between the nucleus and the electrons under consideration and Z is the number of protons in the nucleus.
Thus, Zeff = 17 - 10 (core electrons) = 7
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What mass of BaCl2 is needed to make 0.500 L of a 0.250 M BaCl2 solution ? A. 0.125g B. 2.00g C. 21.6g D. 26.0g
The concentration terms are molality, normality and mole fraction. Molarity can be used to find out the ionic strength of any solution. Therefore, the mass of barium chloride is 0.80g.
What is molarity?Molarity can be calculated by dividing number of moles of solute by volume of solution in liter. Molarity is affected by temperature. Its unit is mole/liter. It measure the concentration of any solute in a solution.
Mathematically,
Molarity= number of moles of solute÷ volume of solution in liter (1)
Where,
moles= given weight ÷ molecular weight
= w÷ 208.23 g/mol
Substituting values in equation 1, we get
0.250 M =(w/ 208.23 )/(0.500 L)
w=26.0g
Therefore, the mass of barium chloride is 0.80g.
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What are the electron and molecular geometries, respectively, for hydrogen sulfide, h2s?.
Explanation:
Hydrogen sulfide H2 S has the sulfur atom in the center with two individual hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a central sulfur atom. The bonded and lone pairs of electrons will orient as far as possible giving a tetrahedral electron geometry.
Part A
How much heat is required to melt 37.2 g of ice at (0 °C)? The heat of fusion for water is 6.02
kJ/mol.
Express your answer in kilojoules to three significant figures.
12.4 kJ of heat is required melt 37.2 g of ice at (0 °C)
What is Latent heat?
The equation is used to establish a relationship between how much heat is involved when a number of moles of a substance undergoes a phase change.
Equation for heat flow at constant temperature and pressure:
q = n *ΔH
where
q = amount of heat ?
n = no of moles
ΔH = enthalpy ( 6.02 kJ/ mol)
For water, the molar enthalpy of fusion is 6.02 kJ/ mol. It means , in order to convert 1 mol of solid ice at 0 °C to water at 0° C , we need to impart 6.02 kJ of heat
We know
n = w / M.M
n = moles
w = given mass ( 37.2 g )
M.M = molar mass ( molar mass of water)
n = 37.2 / 18
= 2.06
Substituting:
q = n * ΔH
= 2.06 * 6.02
= 12.401 kJ
Rounding to 3 significant figures., q = 12.4 kJ
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Compare models B and D.
It is possible to remove a negatively charged particle
from an atom using electrical forces (Thompson, 1897).
Which model supports this evidence?
The possibility of the removal of the electron from an atom using electrical forces was supported by plum pudding model by J. J. Thomson.
What is plum pudding model?
Plum pudding model was first discovered by J. J. Thomson in the year 1904 after the discovery of electrons. This model depicts that the electrons are embedded in the the pool of positive charges in the atom. It was called plum pudding model because the electrons were like the plums in the positively charged atom like a pudding.
According to the plum pudding model by J. J. Thomson, the electrons are embedded on the positively charged particles in the atom. These electrons can be removed by applying a particular voltage of electric forces from the atoms.
Therefore, plum pudding model of J. J. Thomson supported the removal of electron from the atom by applying electric force.
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13. What is the atomic mass of an atom if its mass is approximately equal to the following? 1 a. that of carbon-12 b. 4.5 times as much as carbon-12
The atomic mass of an atom if its mass is approximately equal to carbon-12 will be 12 and in case of 4.5 times carbon-12 will be 54
Atomic mass of an element is the average mass of the atoms of an element which are measured in atomic mass unit. Or we can also say that the atomic mass is actually the weighted mass is a weighted average of all of the isotopes of elements, in which the mass of each element is multiplied by the abundance of that particular isotope.
So the atomic mass of an atom if the mass is approximately equal to carbon-12 then the mass of the element will be equal to 12 as the atomic mass of carbon-12 is 12.
where as the atomic mass of an atom if its mass is approximately equal to 4.5 times as much as carbon-12 will be ⇒ 4.5×12= 54
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A chef is going to use a mixture of two brands of Italian dressing. The first brand contains 6% vinegar, and the second brand contains 11% vinegar. The chef wants to make 290 millimeters of a dressing that is 8% vinegar. How much of each brand should she use?
Answer:
174 milliliters of the first brand and 116 milliliters of the second brand
Explanation:
equation:
0.06x+0.11(290-x)=0.08(290)
translation:
6% concentration of x milliliters plus 11% concentration of 290-x milliliters equals 8% concentration of 290 milliliters
solve for x (which is the volume of the first brand):
0.06x+0.11(290-x)=0.08(290)
0.06x+31.9-0.11x=23.2
-0.05x+31.9=23.2
-0.05x=-8.7
x=174
174 milliliters of the first brand and 290-174=116 milliliters of the second brand
Give the IUPAC name for each of the following:
3-bromo-2-chlorobenzaldehyde
on the 3 carbon you have bromine, 2 carbon you have chlorine, and on the 1 carbon you have an aldehyde
3-bromopropanal
on the 3 carbon you have a bromine,since there are 3 carbons it's propane but one carbon is an aldehyde so the suffix has to be -propanal
O2 (g) + 2 H₂ (g) → 2 H₂O (g) + Energy
exothermic or
endothermic
O₂ (g) + 2 H₂ (g) → 2 H₂O (g) + Energy , this is exothermic process.
An exothermic process releases heat and raises the temperature of adjacent areas. Endothermic processes absorb heat and cool the environment.
A chemical reaction or physical change is endothermic when a system absorbs heat from the environment. During endothermic processes, the system gains heat from the environment, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the environment.
In thermochemistry, an endothermic process is a thermodynamic process accompanied by an increase in the enthalpy H of the system. In such processes, closed systems typically absorb thermal energy from the surroundings and transfer heat to the system.
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Calculate the number of SO2 molecules in 2.32 mol of SO2 .
Express the number of molecules numerically.
The number of SO2 molecules in 2.32 mol of SO2 is 1.39 × 10²³ molecules.
given that :
number of moles of SO₂ = 2.32 mol
Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10²
number moles can be calculated by the following formula :
number of moles = mass / molar mass
number of molecules of SO² in 2.32 moles is given as :
number of molecules of SO₂ = 2.32 mole × 6.022 × 10²³ molecules / mole
number of molecules of SO₂ = 1.39 × 10²⁴ molecules.
Thus, The number of SO2 molecules in 2.32 mol of SO2 is 1.39 × 10²⁴ molecules.
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What is the pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 5.00 g of ammonium perchlorate in 200.0 mL of water ?
The pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 5.00 g of ammonium perchlorate in 200.0 mL of water is less than pH 1.
calculation:-
Weight of NH4Cl 4 = 5g
Volume of water = 200ml
NH4clo4 Molecules Height = 117.499/ mok
First, we have to find Concentrations like Molarity
M = N/V(ml)x1000
M = wt/m.wt x 1000/v(m)
5/117-49 ×1900/200
= M = 0.212 ≅ 0.2
PH = -log [H+]
= -log [0.2]
= -log [2x[tex]10^{-1}[/tex]]
= 4 -10g2
= 1 - 0.3010
PH = 6990
pH < 1
Ammonium perchlorate is an odorless white sandy powder. Used in analytical chemistry and as an etching and engraving agent. It is also used in animal fats and explosives. Ammonium perchlorate is on the Dangerous Goods List as cited by the DOT and NFPA. This substance is a strong oxidizing agent. Reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials and metals.
This produces toxic and corrosive fumes including ammonia and hydrogen chloride. Risk of fire or explosion. Ammonium perchlorate is produced by the reaction of ammonia and perchloric acid. This process is the main outlet for the industrial production of perchloric acid. Salts can also be prepared by salt metathesis reaction of ammonium salts with sodium perchlorate.
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A flashbulb of volume 2.6L contains O₂ gas at a pressure of 2.3atm and a temperature of 26°C. How
many moles of oxygen gas does the flashbulb contain? don't forget to convert °C to K *
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
Ideal gas law PV = n R T
P = 2.3 atm
V = 2.6 L
n = ?
R = .08205 L atm / (mole K)
T = 26 + 273.15 K
Plugging in the numbers finds n = .244 moles
The oxidation of chromium solid is represented by the following equation: 4 Cr + 3 0₂ - 2 Cr₂O3 How many moles of chromium (III) oxide are produced when 34.69 g Cr reacts with excess oxygen gas?
Moles of chromium (III) oxide is produced when 34.69 g Cr reacts with excess oxygen gas is 0.67 mole.
When oxygen combines with detail or compound, an oxidation response occurs. Oxidation also can be defined because of the manner in the elimination of hydrogen from the reactant species. Oxidation is the process of dropping electrons by using a molecule, atom, or ion.
Calculation:-
Cr + 3 0₂ - 2 Cr₂O3
Molar mass of chromium is = 52
mole = mass / molar mass
= 34.69 / 52
= 0.67 mole
When a reactant loses electrons for the duration of a response, it's far known as oxidation. whilst a reactant accumulates electrons throughout a reaction, it's miles known as reduction. when metals react with acid, that is a common incidence. while a reactant loses electrons all through a response, it is referred to as oxidation.
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Given the following condensed structural diagram, name the following:
The IUPAC names of the given organic compounds are as follows:
octaneBut-2-eneethene or ethylenepentaneBut-2-yneheptynehex-2-enebutyneWhat are organic compounds?Organic compounds are compounds that are derived from living organisms or from the remains of living organisms.
The main elements present in organic compounds are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus
One class of organic is hydrocarbons which are compounds composed of only hydrogen and carbon.
The given organic compounds are hydrocarbons. An example is octane.
The names of organic compounds follow the IUPAC naming convention.
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a volume of 2 dm³ of nitrogen and 1 dm³ of oxygen, both at a pressure of 101.3 kPa, are put into a container with a volume of 3 dm³. What is the partial pressure of each gas in the mixture?
The partial pressure of nitrogen is 0.59 atm and the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.29 atm.
given that :
pressure = 101.3 kpa = 0.99 atm = 1 atm
volume of nitrogen = 2 dm³ = 2 L
volume of oxygen = 1 dm³ = 1 L
Temperature = 273 K
using ideal gas equation , we get
P V = nRT
moles of nitrogen = P V / RT
= ( 1 × 2 )/ 0.082 × 273
= 2 / 22.38
= 0.08 mol
moles of oxygen = ( 1 ×1 ) / 0.082 × 273
= 0.04 mol
now, P V = n RT
P = n RT /V
partial pressure of nitrogen = ( 0.08 × 0.082 × 273 ) / 3
= 0.59 atm
partial pressure of oxygen = ( 0.04 × 0.082 × 273 ) / 3
= 0.29 atm
Thus, The partial pressure of nitrogen is 0.59 atm and the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.29 atm.
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If a hydrate of the formula mcly⋅xh2o decomposes when heated to produce hcl, what change would you expect to occur when a piece of blue litmus paper is held in the path of the vapor released?.
Blue litmus paper turns red. xH2O is heated it decomposed to produce HCl which is the cause for a change in color.
Blue litmus paper is mainly used for acid testing. It turns red when it comes in contact with acid. It remains blue in contact with basic or neutral substances. The dye in blue litmus reacts with the H+ ions and is chemically changed so that the bonds are tuned to reflect longer wavelength light, appearing red to our eyes.
A simple way to measure pH is to use litmus paper. When litmus paper is touched it changes color depending on whether the paper is acidic or basic. If the paper turns red it is acidic if it turns blue it is basic. There is no reaction when blue litmus paper is placed on the pad, so there is no change in the blue litmus paper.
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Please help me I need help with this question
Alkali metals are more reactive metal . Potassium is more reactive than other elements, so option D is correct.
What are alkali metals ?The alkali metals in group 1 are so-called because when their oxides and hydroxides are treated with water, the resulting solutions are alkaline. As a result of the creation of the hyroxide ion, the solution becomes basic or alkaline.
Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Ru), Cesium (Cs), and Francium are alkali elements.
Potassium is more electropositive element and its enthalpy is increases, so potassium is more reactive than other elements.
Thus, option D is correct.
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A Galaxy is a grouping of what
A galaxy is a huge group of collection of dust, gas and billions of stars and their solar systems.
What is a galaxy?
A galaxy is the group of starts and some other objects of the space held together by gravity. The universe consists of more than 100 billion galaxies. A lot of dark matter is also found in the galaxies.
The galaxy where earth is present is called the milky way. Almost all the galaxies are thought to contain a supermassive blackholes at the center of the galaxies. The milky way is a spiral galaxy which has the disk, the nucleus and the halo. They contain stars, moons, comets, planets, neutron stars, dust and black holes.
Therefore, galaxy is a grouping of dust, stars, moons, comets and more than a billion stars with a black hole in the center held together by the gravity.
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How can you observe a plant giving off oxygen during photosynthesis
A plant giving off oxygen during photosynthesis comes from water .
The plants takes up the carbon dioxide and the water and in the presence of sunlight releases the oxygen as the by product in the process of the photosynthesis. in the process of the photosynthesis , the chlorophyll excited by the sunlight. in the presence of this the water undergoes the photolytic oxidation. this means that water is breaking down in to the hydrogen ion , electrons and the free oxygen. there are various experiments that shows that the source of oxygen is the water.
Thus, A plant giving off oxygen during photosynthesis comes from water .
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the process of dividing a cell's cytoplasm and organelles
Answer:
Anaphase/Telophase
Explanation:
Anaphase is the phase where the cell is dividing the chromosomes and organelles. Telophase is a more of a moment in the process of replication than a definable "phase"
20 POINTS TO FIRST PERSON WITH AN ANSWER! PLEASE HURRY!
In a physical change, the appearance or form of the matter changes but the kind of matter in the substance does not. However, in a chemical change, the kind of matter changes, and at least one new substance with new properties is formed.
Energy is given off during a chemical reaction because ____________________ are combining with other __________________________.
Answer:
electrons are combining with other electrons
does complexation equation and ionic equation the same?
Answer:
.,....................k
Using photoelectron spectroscopy, the ionization energy of the least tightly bound valence electron on Al was determined to be 6.00 eV. Calculate the Zeffective for this electron.
The effective nuclear charge of the electron in the least tightly bound orbital is 3.97.
What is photoelectron spectroscopy?The term photoelectron spectroscopy is a type of spectroscopic technique that is useful when we want to determine the different positions of an electron in an atom. This is why we have to look at the ionization energy of the electron when we are looking at the valence shell.
We know that;
IE = 13.6 Zeff/n^2
IE = ionization energy
n = Shell where the valence electron is found
Zeff = effective nuclear charge
Substituting values;
Zeff = IE * n^2/13.6
Zeff = 6 * (3)^2/13.6
Zeff = 3.97
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A cylindrical can without a top is made out of metal material with a total area of 1500π cm2. Find the dimensions that will maximize the volume held by the can.
The dimensions that will maximize the volume held by the can r= 5.23 cm, S = 37.1 cm².
Given, Height = 10.84 cm, radius of the base = 5.42 cm and material for the surface =37 square cm.
Let the height be h and the base's radius be r.
Then, volume V= πr²h= 1000cc
and surface area of the can,
S= 2πr²+ 2πrh
Now, eliminating h,
S= S(r)= 2π(r²+ 1000/ πr²)
r= (1000/ 2π)^1/3= 5.23 cm, nearly.
Correspondingly, h= 10.84 cm, nearly
There is no maximum for S. Also,
S''= 2π(2+ 3000πr4)>0.
For this r= 5.23 cm, S = 37.1 cm²
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can someone help a lazy man out
The equation of the reaction is written as; [tex]4Al(s) + 3O_{2} (g) ---- > 2Al_{2} O_{3} (s)[/tex]
What is a reaction?It is common to see that in science, we have the combination of two substances and as the substances are combined there is a cleavage of the bonds that holds the molecules of the substances together and then new bonds are formed as the molecules are recombined in the products.
In this case we want to see the reaction between oxygen and aluminum. Now the word equation is aluminum + oxygen -----> aluminum oxide. The reaction equation would show the actual atoms that combined.
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What is the molar ratio of acid to base for the neutralization reaction between hcl and naoh?.
The mole ratio of acid to base when neutralizing hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide is 1:1. A mole of NaOH would completely neutralize one mole of HCl.
The mole ratio would be 2:1 if the hydrochloric acid and barium hydroxide were to be combined instead. Assuming they react in a 1:1 ratio in accordance with the balanced neutralization equation, the moles of acid and base are identical at the equivalence point in a neutralization. Using the reaction between solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide as an example, let's examine how a neutralization reaction creates both water and a salt. This reaction's general equation is NaOH + HCl H2O and NaCl.
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Semiconductor materials with band gaps greater than 3. 5 ev are considered to be a?.
Semiconductor materials are categorized as insulators if their band gaps are bigger than 3 and 5 eV.
What is the main idea here?Due to the low but finite band gap energy of semiconductor materials, an electron can easily transition from the valence band to the conduction band in the presence of external thermal energy. A semiconductor material's typical band gap energy range is 0.5eV–3eV.
What are the semiconductor materials' band gaps?Wide-bandgap materials have bandgaps above 2 eV, in contrast to conventional semiconductors like silicon, whose bandgaps are in the range of 0.6 to 1.5 eV.
What are semiconductors of the p type ?In a p-type semiconductor, holes make up the majority of the carriers while electrons make up the minority.
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What is most likely to be the chemical formula for diamond?
A. C
О B. CD
O C. C100
O D. CO
Carbon C diamond is one form of carbon; the other is graphite.
The correct option is A.
Briefing:Both graphite and diamond are carbon allotropes. Although graphene and fullerenes are among the rarer unusual allotropes of carbon, they do exist. An enormous three-dimensional network of carbon atoms makes up a diamond.
What is chemical formula ?A chemical equation is a phrase that enumerates a compound's component elements and their respective weights. If there is just single atom of a particular sort, no subscript is necessary. If an atom contains three or more of a specific type of atom, a subscript is appended to a symbol for that atom.
What is the importance of chemical formula ?Chemical equations provide details about the chemical composition of a compound. They also represent the proportions in which the compound's individual components come together to create the compound. The chemical formula of a compound is crucial when describing it in a chemical equation.
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Which statement is correct about the properties that define a particular kind of mineral?(1 point) Responses A particular mineral is defined by neither its chemical composition nor crystalline structure. A particular mineral is defined by neither its chemical composition nor crystalline structure. A particular mineral is defined only by its crystalline structure. A particular mineral is defined only by its crystalline structure. A particular mineral is defined only by its chemical composition. A particular mineral is defined only by its chemical composition. A particular mineral is defined by its chemical composition and crystalline structure.
Answer:A particular mineral is defined by its chemical composition and crystalline structure.
Explanation:
Statement which is true about minerals is that a particular mineral is defined by its chemical composition and crystalline structure.
What are minerals?Minerals are defined as a chemical compound which has a well -defined composition and possesses a specific crystal structure.It occurs naturally in the pure form.
If a compound occurs naturally in different crystal structure then each structure is considered as a different mineral.The chemical composition of a mineral varies depending on the presence of small impurities which are present in small quantities.
Some minerals can have variable proportions of two or more chemical elements which occupy equivalent position in the crystal structure.It may also have variable composition which is split into separate species.
Physical properties of minerals include color,streak, luster,specific gravity and cleavage.
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